JP3567942B2 - Roller bearing - Google Patents

Roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3567942B2
JP3567942B2 JP33217094A JP33217094A JP3567942B2 JP 3567942 B2 JP3567942 B2 JP 3567942B2 JP 33217094 A JP33217094 A JP 33217094A JP 33217094 A JP33217094 A JP 33217094A JP 3567942 B2 JP3567942 B2 JP 3567942B2
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Prior art keywords
solid lubricant
roller bearing
film
binder
rolling
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JPH08166021A (en
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大 金野
伸一 城田
利幸 田中
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/38Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers
    • F16C19/383Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • F16C19/385Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with two or more rows of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone with two rows, i.e. double-row tapered roller bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2322/00Apparatus used in shaping articles
    • F16C2322/12Rolling apparatus, e.g. rolling stands, rolls

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明はころ軸受に関するもので、特に鉄鋼圧延機等に使用されるロールネック用の大型ころ軸受であり、詳細には転動体とレース面の転がりすべりによる表面損傷が改良されたころ軸受に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鉄鋼圧延機20は、図7に示すように、一対のワークロール21と、その軸方向の中間胴部にそれぞれ接したバックアップロール22とを基本に構成されている。一対のワークロール21の間に位置する被圧延材23は、回転駆動される一対のワークロール21によって圧延される。また、一対のバックアップロール22はワークロール21の軸方向の中間胴部にそれぞれ接して、被圧延材23を圧延するための大きな力を加圧している。このとき、被圧延材23とワークロール21との間およびワークロール21とバックアップロール22との間に摩擦熱が、また被圧延材23の圧延により圧縮熱が発生する。このため圧延水を被圧延材23、ワークロール21およびバックアップロール22に供給して、冷却する必要がある(図示せず)。
【0003】
上記の様な鉄鋼圧延機20のワークロール21のロールネック部24に使用されるころ軸受1には、バックアップロール22の加圧により大きなラジアル荷重が負荷される。以下、図8にロールネック部24に使用されるころ軸受1の断面図を示す。ころ軸受1にラジアル荷重Pが負荷されると、ころ3に負荷が加わる負荷圏25と、ころ3に負荷がかからず内外輪に拘束されない状態にある非負荷圏26が生じる。非負荷圏26では内外輪によるころ3が拘束されない状態になるため、ころ3を自転させる駆動力が減少する。そのため負荷圏25と非負荷圏26ではころ3の自転速度が異なる。このような状態でころ3が公転すると、負荷圏25と非負荷圏26の境界領域で、上記の自転の急激な回復が行われるためにころ3(以下、転動体ともいう)と外輪軌道面4aおよび内輪軌道面5a(以下、双方まとめてレース面ともいう。なおレース面とは後述する保持器の案内面も含む)が転がりすべり接触となる。
【0004】
現状ではグリ−スを使い油膜で金属接触を防いでいるが、鉄鋼圧延機用等に使用されるころ軸受には圧延水が混入し、特に油膜形成に不利な運転条件となる。そのため、転動体の転走面とレース面で油膜が破断して金属接触による微少な焼付き(以下、スミアーとも呼ぶ)が発生し、ひいては表面剥離を引き起こす。
このような、潤滑油やグリ−スが使用できない環境において潤滑機能を与える技術として、特開平3−172611号公報および特開平3−121313号公報等に示されているものがある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、特開平3−121313号公報等に記載の先行技術は、発塵の防止等の環境下への配慮を目的として成されたものであるが、その対象とされる軸受は比較的小型のものであった。これらの先行技術に示される軸受のレース面の表面改質の方法としては、特開平3−172611号公報に記載される技術に代表されるような、メッキやスパッタリング、あるいはイオンプレーティング等によるものである。
【0006】
これに対して、鉄鋼圧延機のワークロールのロールネックに使用されるころ軸受は、内径150mm以上のロールネック軸受に代表される大型軸受であるため、表面処理の設備の点からも、上記の従来技術を適用できない問題点がある。
そこで本発明は、大型軸受においても表面改質が容易に施すことができ、負荷圏と非負荷圏の境界領域で転動体とレース表面が高面圧でかつ転がりすべり運動となり油膜形成が阻害されたときにおいても、金属接触を防ぎスミアーの発生を防止することができるころ軸受を提供するものである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、軸受を構成する内輪軌道面、外輪軌道面、転動体の転走面もしくは保持器案内面の少なくともその一つに、少なくとも二硫化モリブデン及び四フッ化エチレンの両方を含んでなる固体潤滑剤と結合剤とを含有する固体潤滑剤焼成膜による摩擦低減表面処理が施され、当該結合剤の含有率が固体潤滑剤焼成膜中に50〜99.5wt%であり、且つ、固体潤滑剤焼結膜の膜厚が10〜40μmであることを特徴とするころ軸受である。
なお本明細書中では、二硫化モリブデンや四フッ化エチレンを単に固体潤滑剤と、該固体潤滑剤を結合剤によって摩擦低減表面処理して形成した被膜を固体潤滑剤焼成膜ともいう。
【0008】
本発明のころ軸受の具体例の概略を図1に示す。図1に示すころ軸受1はころ3の転走面、外輪4および内輪5の軌道面、保持器6の案内面に固体潤滑剤焼成膜2が付与されたものである。
本発明で使用される結合剤(以下、バインダーともいう)としては、特に限定されないが、フェノール、ポリアミドイミド、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン、フッ素系ゴム、ケイ酸ナトリウム(水ガラス)等が、1種または2種以上混合して使用することができる。好適にはポリアミドイミド、エポキシ樹脂等が使用される。
固体潤滑剤に対する結合剤の含有率は5〜99.5wt%が望ましく、効果がある。結合剤の含有率が99.5wt%よりも多いか、逆に結合剤の含有率が5wt%未満では、耐久性能が低下する。
【0009】
本発明で使用される固体潤滑剤は、少なくとも四フッ化エチレン及び二硫化モリブデンの両方を含むものであり、四フッ化エチレン及び二硫化モリブデン以外に他の固体潤滑剤を含んでいてもよい。他の固体潤滑剤としては、フッ化カーボン、二硫化タングステン、グラファイト、窒化ホウ素等が挙げられる。
本発明で使用される固体潤滑剤における、四フッ化エチレン及び二硫化モリブデンの含有率は特に限定されないが、1〜100wt%であれば良く、好ましくは50〜100wt%であり、さらに好ましくは80〜100wt%である。
【0010】
また、本発明で使用される固体潤滑剤において、四フッ化エチレンと二硫化モリブデンとの混合比率は、相対する金属表面の面圧とすべり速度に依存するため、使用条件により適宜選択する。
【0011】
軸受を構成する内輪軌道面、外輪軌道面、転動体の転走面もしくは保持器案内面に、固体潤滑剤を結合剤によって摩擦低減表面処理を施す方法については、特に限定されないが、具体的には以下に記す方法が挙げられる。
結合剤を混入させた溶剤中に、固体潤滑剤、必要に応じてその他の添加剤を添加混入してサスペンジョン液を調製し、該サスペンジョン液をエアーガンにより表面改質を目的とするレース面にスプレーし、熱処理により揮発分の溶剤を除去した後、固体潤滑剤を結合剤で金属表面に固着する。
【0012】
結合剤を混入させる溶剤としては、結合剤の溶解に支障がなければ特に限定されないが、芳香族炭化水素、アルコール系溶剤、ピロリドン、ジメチルホルムアミド等が挙げられ、1種または2種以上混合して使用することができる。
溶剤のサスペンジョン液に対する混入率としては特に限定されないが、5〜80wt%であれば良く、好ましくは10〜40wt%、さらに好ましくは25〜40wt%である。
固体潤滑剤のサスペンジョン液に対する混入率としては、特に限定されないが、1〜95wt%であれば良く、好ましくは8〜50wt%、さらに好ましくは10〜20wt%である。
結合剤のサスペンジョン液に対する混入率としては、特に限定されないが、10〜80wt%であれば良く、好ましくは30〜70wt%、さらに好ましくは40〜60wt%である。
【0013】
添加剤としては、三酸化アンチモン、レベリング剤、分散剤、沈降防止剤等が挙げられる。
また、結合剤の固体潤滑剤焼成膜における含有率としては、50〜99.5wt%である。
前記固体潤滑剤焼成膜の膜厚は、10μm〜40μmがスミアーの防止に、効果がある。10μm未満では耐久時間が短く、また40μm以上では耐久性能は膜厚に依存しない。本発明においては特に上記膜厚の範囲がスミアーの発生を防止するためには望ましい。
【0014】
固体潤滑剤を結合剤によって摩擦低減表面処理を施す軸受部位の表面に、予め燐酸塩被膜が施されていれば、好ましい。
燐酸塩としては特に限定されないが、燐酸マンガン、燐酸鉄、燐酸亜鉛、燐酸カルシウム等が挙げられ、1種または2種以上混合して使用することができる。
燐酸塩被膜を施す方法としては特に限定されないが、燐酸水溶液をその2次解離までの水素イオン量が3〜5mol/lの溶液でアルカリ脱脂を施し、96℃で10分間浸漬し化成処理を行い、さらに140℃で乾燥により水分を除去する方法が用いられる。
【0015】
燐酸水溶液の燐酸塩濃度としては、例えば燐酸マンガン塩を例にとれば特に限定されないが、マンガン濃度としては500〜30000ppm、好ましくは1500〜20000ppm、さらに好ましくは2000〜10000ppmである。
また、含有している鉄分濃度としては、特に限定されないが、1000〜20000ppm、好ましくは2000〜10000ppm、さらに好ましくは2000〜6000ppmがよい。
燐酸塩被膜の膜厚は4〜10μmが望ましく、4μm以下では被膜表面積が小さく、逆に10μm以上では表面粗さが増大するため潤滑性能が低下する。本発明においては特に上記膜厚の範囲がスミアーの発生を防止するためには望ましい。
また、相対する接触面の一方が固体潤滑剤焼成膜による摩擦低減表面処理が施されたものであって、他方が燐酸塩被膜処理を施したハイブリッド被膜の組み合わせとしたころ軸受であってもよい。
【0016】
本発明のころ軸受は、鉄鋼圧延機のワークロールおよびバックアップロールの支持部に使われるロールネック用に使用される大型のころ軸受として好適に使用されるが、その外の比較的小さいサイズのころ軸受においても、潤滑油やグリ−スが使用できない環境においても使用することができる。
【0017】
【作用】
この発明によると、負荷圏と非負荷圏の境界領域で水分の混入と転動体の急激な自転速度の回復に伴うすべりの発生によって油膜形成が阻害されても、二硫化モリブデン及び四フッ化エチレンの両方を含んでなる固体潤滑剤の存在により、転がりすべり接触による転動体の転走面とレース面の摩擦を軽減することができるため、スミアーの発生を防止することができる。
燐酸塩被膜処理等も焼付きの防止には有効であるが、レース面への水の侵入時には被膜自体の潤滑性が乏しいため軸受レース面のスミアーの発生を低減するには十分ではない。そこで本発明による処理を内外輪レース面もしくは転動体に適用した場合,水の侵入にもかかわらず従来の表面処理に比べスミアーの発生を防止できる効果が得られる。
【0018】
【実施例】
本発明を実施例に基づいて、更に詳細に説明する。但し、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1に2円筒試験機を使った転がりすべり試験結果と、実施例2に正面組み合わせの円すいころ軸受による試験結果を示す。
【0019】
実施例1
図2に、ころ転走面と例えば外輪軌道面の転がりすべり接触をモデル化した2円筒転がりすべり試験機8の概略図を示す。
試験片としては、φ78mm,幅18mmの試験片リング9,10を外径面が接触するように組み合わせた。モーター11で1方の試験片リング9を駆動させ、ギヤー12,13を介してもう1方の試験片リング10に3.2m/sの相対滑り速度を与え、2円筒間が転がり滑り接触になるような機構にした。2円筒の転がり滑り面にギヤーオイルを20ccをシリンジで予め試験片リング9,10の外周面に塗布し、100kgf/mmの面圧に設定してモーター11に直結した駆動側の試験片リング9のトルクが300kgf−cmを越えるまでの時間を耐久時間(分)とした。また、水分の混入条件として2円筒試験片リング9,10の側面より毎分100ccの水をシャワー14で噴霧状態にし、摺動面に混入させた。
【0020】
〔被膜方法〕
燐酸マンガン塩被膜
マンガン量として4000ppm,鉄分として5000ppmを含む燐酸水溶液を使い、その処理液の2次解離までの水素イオン量が3〜5mol/lの溶液で、アルカリ脱脂を施した試料を96℃で10分間浸漬し化成処理を行った。さらに140℃で乾燥により水分を除去した。
固体潤滑剤焼成膜
固体潤滑剤焼成膜はポリアミドイミドをバインダーとして、その量50wt%、二硫化モリブデン粒子13wt%、四フッ化エチレン粒子7wt%、その他の添加剤3wt%、溶剤25wt%を混入したサスペンジョン液を、エアーガンによりスプレーで2円筒リング外周面および円錐ころ軸受レース面と保持器表面に塗膜した。乾燥後180℃で3時間加熱処理を行い、バインダーを硬化させ金属面に固着させた。熱硬化後の焼成膜中の固体潤滑剤の含有率としては40wt%である。 表1に各摩擦低減処理方法の実験例および比較例と、各実験結果、および試験後のスミアーの有無について示す。水分あり、なしと記載のあるものはシャワーで水を混入させたものとさせなかったものである。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0003567942
【0022】
表1より次のことがわかる。
▲1▼ 水の混入の有無に限らず実施例1−A〜Hは耐久時間は比較例に比べて長く、C,Dを除きスミアーの発生を防止するには効果が得られた。
▲2▼ 実施例1−A〜DとE〜Hを比べると燐酸塩処理を施したE〜Hは2倍以上の耐久性があり、水分混入時のスミアーの発生がない。
▲3▼ 比較例1−A〜Dにおいて水を混入させると耐久時間が半分に低下するのに比べ、実施例1−A〜Hでは耐久時間の低下は少ない。さらに前述の化成処理を施した実施例1−E〜Hは特に耐久性には効果があり、スミアーの発生も防止する効果がある。
▲4▼ 固体潤滑剤粒子を固着するバインダーはエポキシ樹脂に比べ、ポリアミドイミドは耐久性には効果が得られた。
【0023】
実施例2
図3に示す回転試験機15で耐久試験を行った。ころ軸受1としては、内径150mm,外径270mm,幅49mm,接触角14度の並勾配円すいころ軸受を使用した。試験ころ軸受1の内輪軌道面,外輪軌道面および保持器に前記の摩擦低減処理として実施例1で耐久性の向上が認められたものを選択して施した。潤滑条件は軸受をばらした状態でギャーオイルを100ccレース面に均一に塗布し、試験中はころ軸受1の最下位のころが浸漬する水位レベル16までウォーターバス17で水を供給してころ軸受1内に水が混入する条件とした。モータ11の駆動により、シャフト7を介して試験ころ軸受1を回転させた。スミアーの発生を初期値の2倍の振動レベルで、および軸受温度より検出し、その後ころ軸受1を分解しスミアーの発生状況を確認した。表2および図4に試験結果をしめす。
【0024】
試験条件
試験軸受:円すいころ軸受正面組み合わせ
回転数:3000rpm
ラジアル荷重:200kgf
潤滑:ギャーオイルVG32 100cc 水混入条件下
【0025】
【表2】
Figure 0003567942
【0026】
表2より次のことがわかる。
▲1▼ 比較例2−A,Bと比べ本発明の実験例2−A,B,C,Dはいずれも耐久性が向上することがわかった。
▲2▼ 試験後のスミアーの発生状況は比較例では内外輪軌道面に発生が確認されたが、実験例2−A,Bでは外輪軌道面の発生のみで、また実施例2−C,Dにおいては水分の混入条件下でスミアーの発生を防止する効果があることがわかった。
▲3▼ 燐酸マンガンを燐酸塩処理に施した実施例2−C,Dは耐久性があり、試験停止時の外輪温度上昇が低く、固体潤滑剤粒子との相乗効果で水分の混入条件下においてスミアーの発生を防止するには特に効果があることがわかった。
【0027】
〔膜厚について〕
実施例1および実施例2において、固体潤滑剤焼成膜の膜厚は10μm〜40μmがスミアーの防止には効果がある。膜厚と耐久時間の関係を図5に示す。10μm未満では耐久時間が短く、また40μm以上では耐久性能は膜厚に依存しないことがわかる。
【0028】
〔固体潤滑剤の含有率について〕
バインダーの含有率と耐久時間の関係を図6に示す。
バインダーの含有率が99.5wt%の時は燐酸マンガン塩被膜とほぼ同等の耐久性能しか得られず、逆にバインダー含有率が5wt%以下では耐久性能が低下する。すなわち本発明に限ればスミアー防止に効果がある固体潤滑剤に対するバインダーの含有率は5〜99.5wt%が望ましいが効果がある。実施例1におけるバインダーの含有率は60wt%であるが、特にこの数値に限定されるものではない。
また、四フッ化エチレンと二硫化モリブデンの混合比率は相対する金属表面の面圧とすべり速度に依存するため、使用条件によって異なる。本発明では四フッ化エチレン粒子の含有率をバインダーを含めた被膜の10wt%としたが特にこの数値に限定されるものではない。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、鉄鋼圧延機用等に使用されるころ軸受等において、圧延水が混入し、油膜形成に不利な潤滑環境下でのスミアーの発生を防ぐことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明のころ軸受の1例を示す概略図である。
【図2】実施例1で使用する2円筒転がりすべり試験機の概略図である。
【図3】実施例2ので使用する回転試験機の概略図である。
【図4】実施例2の各表面処理の耐久テスト時間の結果を示すグラフである。
【図5】表面処理の膜厚と耐久時間の関係を示すグラフである。
【図6】被膜中のバインダー含有率と耐久時間の関係を示すグラフである。
【図7】鉄鋼圧延機の概略を示す図である。
【図8】本発明を適用するころ軸受の負荷圏の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 ころ軸受
2 固体潤滑剤焼成膜
3 ころ
4 外輪
4a 外輪軌道面
5 内輪
5a 内輪軌道面
6 保持器
7 シャフト
8 2円筒転がりすべり試験機
9,10 試験片リング
11 モータ
12,13 ギヤー
14 シャワー
15 回転試験機
16 水位レベル
17 ウォーターバス
20 鉄鋼圧延機
21 ワークロール
22 バックアップロール
23 被圧延材
24 ロールネック部
25 負荷圏
26 非負荷圏[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a roller bearing, and more particularly to a large roller bearing for a roll neck used in a steel rolling mill or the like, and more particularly to a roller bearing with improved surface damage due to rolling and sliding between a rolling element and a race surface. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 7, the steel rolling mill 20 is basically composed of a pair of work rolls 21 and backup rolls 22 which respectively contact the intermediate body in the axial direction. The rolled material 23 located between the pair of work rolls 21 is rolled by the pair of work rolls 21 that are driven to rotate. The pair of backup rolls 22 are in contact with the intermediate body portions of the work rolls 21 in the axial direction, respectively, and press a large force for rolling the material 23 to be rolled. At this time, frictional heat is generated between the rolled material 23 and the work roll 21 and between the work roll 21 and the backup roll 22, and compression heat is generated by rolling the rolled material 23. Therefore, it is necessary to supply rolling water to the material 23 to be rolled, the work rolls 21 and the backup rolls 22 to cool them (not shown).
[0003]
A large radial load is applied to the roller bearing 1 used for the roll neck portion 24 of the work roll 21 of the steel rolling mill 20 as described above by the pressurization of the backup roll 22. FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the roller bearing 1 used for the roll neck 24. When the radial load P is applied to the roller bearing 1, a load zone 25 in which a load is applied to the roller 3 and a non-load zone 26 in which the load is not applied to the roller 3 and is not restrained by the inner and outer rings are generated. Since the rollers 3 are not restrained by the inner and outer wheels in the non-load zone 26, the driving force for rotating the rollers 3 is reduced. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rollers 3 is different between the load zone 25 and the non-load zone 26. When the rollers 3 revolve in such a state, the above-mentioned rapid recovery of the rotation is performed in the boundary area between the load zone 25 and the non-load zone 26, so that the rollers 3 (hereinafter, also referred to as rolling elements) and the outer ring raceway surface. The inner raceway surface 4a and the inner raceway surface 5a (hereinafter, also collectively referred to as a race surface; the race surface includes a guide surface of a cage described later) are in rolling and sliding contact.
[0004]
At present, grease is used to prevent metal contact with an oil film, but rolling water is mixed in roller bearings used for steel rolling mills and the like, which is an operating condition that is particularly disadvantageous for oil film formation. As a result, the oil film breaks on the rolling surface and the race surface of the rolling element, causing minute seizure (hereinafter also referred to as smear) due to metal contact, and eventually causing surface peeling.
As a technique for providing a lubricating function in an environment where lubricating oil or grease cannot be used, there are techniques disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 3-172611 and 3-121313.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the prior art described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 3-121313 has been made for the purpose of consideration of the environment such as prevention of dust generation. Was something. As a method of modifying the surface of the race surface of the bearing shown in these prior arts, a method such as plating, sputtering, or ion plating, as represented by the technique described in JP-A-3-172611, is used. It is.
[0006]
On the other hand, a roller bearing used for a roll neck of a work roll of a steel rolling mill is a large-sized bearing represented by a roll neck bearing having an inner diameter of 150 mm or more. There is a problem that the conventional technology cannot be applied.
Therefore, in the present invention, the surface modification can be easily performed even in a large bearing, and the rolling element and the race surface have a high surface pressure and a rolling sliding motion in the boundary region between the load zone and the non-load zone, and the oil film formation is inhibited. It is an object of the present invention to provide a roller bearing capable of preventing metal contact and preventing occurrence of smear even when the roller bearing is in contact.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a solid comprising at least one of molybdenum disulfide and ethylene tetrafluoride on at least one of an inner raceway surface, an outer raceway surface, a rolling surface of a rolling element and a cage guide surface constituting a bearing. A friction-reducing surface treatment is performed using a solid lubricant fired film containing a lubricant and a binder, and the content of the binder is 50 to 99.5 wt% in the solid lubricant fired film, and the solid lubricant is fired. A roller bearing characterized in that the thickness of the sintered agent film is 10 to 40 μm .
In the present specification, a film formed by simply applying molybdenum disulfide or ethylene tetrafluoride to a solid lubricant and subjecting the solid lubricant to a friction reducing surface treatment with a binder is also referred to as a solid lubricant fired film.
[0008]
FIG. 1 schematically shows a specific example of the roller bearing of the present invention. The roller bearing 1 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a solid lubricant fired film 2 applied to a rolling surface of a roller 3, a raceway surface of an outer ring 4 and an inner ring 5, and a guide surface of a cage 6.
The binder used in the present invention (hereinafter, also referred to as a binder) is not particularly limited, but may be phenol, polyamide imide, epoxy resin, urethane, fluorine-based rubber, sodium silicate (water glass) or the like. Two or more kinds can be used as a mixture. Preferably, polyamide imide, epoxy resin or the like is used.
The content of the binder relative to the solid lubricant is desirably 5 to 99.5 wt%, which is effective. If the content of the binder is more than 99.5 wt%, or conversely, if the content of the binder is less than 5 wt%, the durability performance is reduced.
[0009]
Solid lubricants for use in the present invention contains at least both of tetrafluoroethylene and molybdenum disulfide, may also contain other solid lubricants in addition to tetrafluoroethylene and molybdenum disulfide. Other solid lubricants include carbon fluoride, tungsten disulfide, graphite, boron nitride, and the like.
In the solid lubricant used in the present invention, the content of tetrafluoroethylene及beauty molybdenum disulfide is not particularly limited, it may be any 1~100Wt%, preferably 50~100Wt%, more preferably 80 to 100 wt%.
[0010]
In addition, in the solid lubricant used in the present invention, the mixing ratio of ethylene tetrafluoride and molybdenum disulfide depends on the surface pressure and the sliding speed of the opposing metal surface, and is appropriately selected according to the use conditions.
[0011]
The method for applying a friction reducing surface treatment with a solid lubricant to a binder on an inner raceway surface, an outer raceway surface, a rolling surface of a rolling element or a guide surface of a rolling element that constitutes a bearing is not particularly limited. The method described below is mentioned.
A suspension is prepared by adding a solid lubricant and, if necessary, other additives to a solvent mixed with a binder, and the suspension is sprayed on a race surface for surface modification with an air gun. Then, after removing the volatile solvent by heat treatment, the solid lubricant is fixed to the metal surface with a binder.
[0012]
The solvent in which the binder is mixed is not particularly limited as long as it does not hinder the dissolution of the binder, and examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohol solvents, pyrrolidone, and dimethylformamide. Can be used.
The mixing ratio of the solvent to the suspension liquid is not particularly limited, but may be 5 to 80 wt%, preferably 10 to 40 wt%, and more preferably 25 to 40 wt%.
The mixing ratio of the solid lubricant to the suspension liquid is not particularly limited, but may be 1 to 95 wt%, preferably 8 to 50 wt%, and more preferably 10 to 20 wt%.
The mixing ratio of the binder to the suspension liquid is not particularly limited, but may be 10 to 80 wt%, preferably 30 to 70 wt%, and more preferably 40 to 60 wt%.
[0013]
Examples of the additives include antimony trioxide, a leveling agent, a dispersant, and an anti-settling agent.
As the content in the solid lubricant baked film of binder, Ru 5 0~99.5wt% der.
The thickness of the fired solid lubricant film is preferably 10 μm to 40 μm, which is effective in preventing smear. If it is less than 10 μm, the durability time is short, and if it is 40 μm or more, the durability performance does not depend on the film thickness. In the present invention, the above range of the film thickness is particularly desirable for preventing the occurrence of smear.
[0014]
It is preferable that the surface of the bearing portion where the solid lubricant is subjected to the friction-reducing surface treatment with the binder is previously coated with a phosphate film.
The phosphate is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include manganese phosphate, iron phosphate, zinc phosphate, calcium phosphate, and the like, and one or a mixture of two or more can be used.
The method of applying the phosphate coating is not particularly limited, and the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is subjected to alkali degreasing with a solution having a hydrogen ion content of 3 to 5 mol / l until its secondary dissociation, followed by immersion at 96 ° C. for 10 minutes for chemical conversion treatment. Further, a method of removing water by drying at 140 ° C. is used.
[0015]
The phosphate concentration of the aqueous phosphoric acid solution is not particularly limited, for example, taking manganese phosphate as an example. The manganese concentration is 500 to 30,000 ppm, preferably 1500 to 20,000 ppm, and more preferably 2,000 to 10,000 ppm.
The concentration of iron contained is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1000 to 20000 ppm, preferably 2000 to 10000 ppm, and more preferably 2000 to 6000 ppm.
The thickness of the phosphate film is desirably 4 to 10 μm, and if it is 4 μm or less, the surface area of the film is small, and if it is 10 μm or more, the surface roughness increases and the lubricating performance decreases. In the present invention, the above range of the film thickness is particularly desirable for preventing the occurrence of smear.
Further, one of the opposing contact surfaces may be a roller bearing in which a friction reducing surface treatment is performed by a solid lubricant fired film and the other is a combination of a hybrid coating subjected to a phosphate coating treatment. .
[0016]
The roller bearing of the present invention is suitably used as a large roller bearing used for a roll neck used for a support portion of a work roll and a backup roll of a steel rolling mill, but a roller of a relatively small size other than the above. The bearing can be used in an environment where lubricating oil and grease cannot be used.
[0017]
[Action]
According to the present invention, molybdenum disulfide and ethylene tetrafluoride can be used even if oil film formation is hindered at the boundary region between the loading zone and the non-loading zone by occurrence of slippage due to mixing of moisture and rapid recovery of the rotation speed of the rolling elements. The friction between the rolling surface and the race surface of the rolling element due to rolling and sliding contact can be reduced due to the presence of the solid lubricant containing both of them, so that the occurrence of smear can be prevented.
Phosphate coating or the like is also effective in preventing seizure, but is not sufficient to reduce the occurrence of smear on the bearing race surface due to poor lubricity of the coating itself when water enters the race surface. Therefore, when the treatment according to the present invention is applied to the inner and outer race surfaces or the rolling elements, the effect of preventing the occurrence of smear compared to the conventional surface treatment can be obtained despite the intrusion of water.
[0018]
【Example】
The present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1 shows the results of a rolling slide test using a two-cylinder testing machine, and Example 2 shows the results of a test using tapered roller bearings combined in front.
[0019]
Example 1
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a two-cylinder rolling / slip test machine 8 that models the rolling / sliding contact between the roller rolling surface and, for example, the outer ring raceway surface.
As test pieces, test piece rings 9 and 10 having a diameter of 78 mm and a width of 18 mm were combined so that their outer diameter surfaces were in contact with each other. The one test piece ring 9 is driven by the motor 11 to give a relative slip speed of 3.2 m / s to the other test piece ring 10 via the gears 12 and 13 so that rolling contact between the two cylinders occurs. The mechanism is as follows. 20 cc of gear oil was previously applied to the outer peripheral surfaces of the test piece rings 9 and 10 on the rolling slide surfaces of the two cylinders using a syringe, and the surface pressure was set to 100 kgf / mm 2 and the drive side test piece ring directly connected to the motor 11 was set. The time until the torque of No. 9 exceeded 300 kgf-cm was defined as the durability time (minutes). As a condition for mixing water, 100 cc of water per minute was sprayed from the side surfaces of the two cylindrical test piece rings 9 and 10 by the shower 14 and mixed into the sliding surface.
[0020]
(Coating method)
Manganese Phosphate Salt Coating Using a phosphoric acid aqueous solution containing 4,000 ppm of manganese and 5000 ppm of iron, a solution in which the amount of hydrogen ions until the secondary dissociation of the treatment solution is 3 to 5 mol / l, and subjected to alkali degreasing at 96 ° C. For 10 minutes for chemical conversion treatment. Further, water was removed by drying at 140 ° C.
Solid lubricant fired film The solid lubricant fired film was prepared by mixing polyamideimide as a binder with 50 wt% of the amount, 13 wt% of molybdenum disulfide particles, 7 wt% of ethylene tetrafluoride particles, 3 wt% of other additives, and 25 wt% of a solvent. The suspension liquid was applied to the outer peripheral surface of the two cylindrical rings, the race surface of the tapered roller bearing and the surface of the cage by spraying with an air gun. After drying, a heat treatment was performed at 180 ° C. for 3 hours to cure the binder and fix it to the metal surface. The content of the solid lubricant in the fired film after thermosetting is 40 wt%. Table 1 shows experimental examples and comparative examples of each friction reduction treatment method, each experimental result, and the presence or absence of smear after the test. Those with and without water are those with and without water mixed in the shower.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003567942
[0022]
Table 1 shows the following.
{Circle around (1)} The durable time of Examples 1-A to H was longer than that of Comparative Example regardless of the presence or absence of mixing of water, and an effect was obtained in preventing generation of smear except for C and D.
{Circle around (2)} Comparing Examples 1-A to D with E to H, phosphates E to H have twice or more the durability and do not generate smear when water is mixed.
{Circle around (3)} In Comparative Examples 1-A to D, when water is mixed, the durable time is reduced by half, whereas in Examples 1-A to H, the durable time is slightly reduced. Further, Examples 1-E to H which have been subjected to the above-mentioned chemical conversion treatment are particularly effective in durability and effective in preventing the occurrence of smear.
{Circle around (4)} As compared with the epoxy resin, the binder for fixing the solid lubricant particles has an effect on the durability of the polyamideimide.
[0023]
Example 2
An endurance test was performed with a rotation tester 15 shown in FIG. As the roller bearing 1, a parallel tapered roller bearing having an inner diameter of 150 mm, an outer diameter of 270 mm, a width of 49 mm, and a contact angle of 14 degrees was used. The inner ring raceway surface, the outer ring raceway surface, and the cage of the test roller bearing 1 were selected and subjected to the above-described friction reduction treatment in which the improvement in durability was recognized in Example 1. The lubrication conditions were as follows. Gear oil was evenly applied to the 100 cc race surface with the bearings separated, and during the test, water was supplied by a water bath 17 to a water level 16 at which the lowest roller of the roller bearing 1 was immersed. 1 was set to the condition that water was mixed. The test roller bearing 1 was rotated via the shaft 7 by driving the motor 11. The occurrence of smear was detected at a vibration level twice as high as the initial value and from the bearing temperature, and then the roller bearing 1 was disassembled to check the occurrence of smear. Table 2 and FIG. 4 show the test results.
[0024]
Test conditions Test bearing: Tapered roller bearing front combined rotation speed: 3000 rpm
Radial load: 200kgf
Lubrication: Gear oil VG32 100cc Water mixing condition
[Table 2]
Figure 0003567942
[0026]
Table 2 shows the following.
{Circle around (1)} It was found that the durability of each of Experimental Examples 2-A, B, C and D of the present invention was improved as compared with Comparative Examples 2-A and B.
{Circle around (2)} In the comparative example, occurrence of smear after the test was confirmed to occur on the inner and outer raceway surfaces, but in Experimental Examples 2-A and B, only the outer raceway surface occurred, and in Examples 2-C and D. It was found that under the condition that water was mixed, smear was effectively prevented.
{Circle around (3)} Examples 2-C and D, in which manganese phosphate was subjected to the phosphate treatment, are durable, have a low rise in the outer ring temperature when the test is stopped, and have a synergistic effect with solid lubricant particles under water-mixed conditions. It has been found that it is particularly effective in preventing the occurrence of smear.
[0027]
[About film thickness]
In Examples 1 and 2, the thickness of the fired solid lubricant film is 10 μm to 40 μm, which is effective in preventing smear. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the film thickness and the durability time. It can be seen that when the thickness is less than 10 μm, the durability time is short, and when it is 40 μm or more, the durability performance does not depend on the film thickness.
[0028]
[About the content of solid lubricant]
FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the binder content and the durability time.
When the content of the binder is 99.5 wt%, only the durability performance equivalent to that of the manganese phosphate salt coating is obtained, and when the content of the binder is 5 wt% or less, the durability performance decreases. That is, in the present invention, the content of the binder relative to the solid lubricant which is effective in preventing smear is preferably 5 to 99.5% by weight, but is effective. Although the content of the binder in Example 1 is 60 wt%, it is not particularly limited to this value.
Further, the mixing ratio of ethylene tetrafluoride and molybdenum disulfide depends on the surface pressure and the sliding speed of the opposing metal surface, and therefore differs depending on the use conditions. In the present invention, the content of the ethylene tetrafluoride particles is set to 10% by weight of the film including the binder, but is not particularly limited to this value.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION This invention can prevent generation | occurrence | production of smear in a lubricating environment which is unfavorable for oil film formation in a roller bearing etc. used for a steel rolling mill etc. by rolling water mixing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing one example of a roller bearing of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a two-cylinder rolling / sliding tester used in Example 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotation tester used in Example 2.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing a result of a durability test time of each surface treatment in Example 2.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the film thickness of the surface treatment and the durability time.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the binder content in the coating and the durability time.
FIG. 7 is a view schematically showing a steel rolling mill.
FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a load zone of a roller bearing to which the present invention is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Roller bearing 2 Solid lubricant fired film 3 Roller 4 Outer ring 4a Outer ring raceway surface 5 Inner ring 5a Inner ring raceway surface 6 Cage 7 Shaft 8 2 Cylindrical rolling and sliding test machine 9, 10 Specimen ring 11 Motor 12, 13 Gear 14 Shower 15 Rotation testing machine 16 Water level 17 Water bath 20 Steel rolling mill 21 Work roll 22 Backup roll 23 Rolled material 24 Roll neck 25 Load zone 26 Non-load zone

Claims (5)

軸受を構成する内輪軌道面、外輪軌道面、転動体の転走面もしくは保持器案内面の少なくともその一つに、少なくとも二硫化モリブデン及び四フッ化エチレンの両方を含んでなる固体潤滑剤と結合剤とを含有する固体潤滑剤焼成膜による摩擦低減表面処理が施され、当該結合剤の含有率が固体潤滑剤焼成膜中に50〜99.5wt%であり、且つ、固体潤滑剤焼結膜の膜厚が10〜40μmであることを特徴とするころ軸受。At least one of the inner ring raceway surface, the outer ring raceway surface, the rolling surface of the rolling element or the cage guide surface constituting the bearing is combined with a solid lubricant containing at least molybdenum disulfide and ethylene tetrafluoride. The surface of the solid lubricant fired film is subjected to a friction reducing surface treatment with a solid lubricant fired film containing the agent, and the content of the binder is 50 to 99.5 wt% in the solid lubricant fired film. A roller bearing having a film thickness of 10 to 40 μm . 固体潤滑剤焼成膜によって摩擦低減表面処理が施される軸受部位の表面に、予め膜厚が4〜10μmの燐酸塩被膜が施されていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のころ軸受。 On the surface of the bearing portion friction reducing surface treatment by the solid lubricant baked film is applied, the roller bearing according to claim 1, wherein pre thickness characterized that you have been subjected to phosphate coating 4 to 10 [mu] m. 燐酸塩被膜が、マンガン濃度2000〜10000ppm、鉄濃度2000〜6000ppmの燐酸水溶液から形成されることを特徴とする請求項2記載のころ軸受。 Phosphate coating, manganese concentrations 2000~10000Ppm, roller bearing according to claim 2, wherein formed from aqueous phosphoric acid solution of iron concentration 2000~6000ppm characterized Rukoto. 結合剤が、ポリアミドイミド又はエポキシ樹脂であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載のころ軸受。The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the binder is a polyamideimide or an epoxy resin . 固体潤滑剤焼結膜の膜厚が15〜40μmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載のころ軸受。The roller bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the solid lubricant sintered film has a thickness of 15 to 40 µm.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7811002B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2010-10-12 Nsk, Ltd. Rolling device

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JPH10131971A (en) * 1996-10-29 1998-05-22 Toshiba Corp Ball bearing
JP2002181050A (en) 2000-03-16 2002-06-26 Nsk Ltd Rolling sliding member, manufacturing method therefor and rolling sliding unit
JP2006200216A (en) * 2005-01-20 2006-08-03 Daido Metal Co Ltd Guide roller of sliding door for vehicle
JP4713329B2 (en) * 2005-12-21 2011-06-29 Ntn株式会社 Rolling bearing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7811002B2 (en) 2005-01-18 2010-10-12 Nsk, Ltd. Rolling device

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