JP3567939B2 - How to build a tunnel - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention is a solid tunnel that can streamline construction, shorten the construction period, and reduce construction costs.Construction ofRecipeTo the lawRelated.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, when excavating an urban tunnel, a pipe roof construction method has been conventionally known as a countermeasure for preventing settlement of the ground surface and stabilizing the face.
In this pipe roof construction method, prior to tunnel excavation, a straight tubular steel pipe is generally inserted into the top end of the excavation cross section by horizontal boring to form a roof conforming to the tunnel shape. Is supported directly by the shoring to prevent loosening of the ground due to excavation and to construct the tunnel safely.
[0003]
However, in this conventional pipe roof method, the arrangement of the steel pipe is affected by the accuracy of the boring, and the error increases in proportion to the length of the steel pipe. Therefore, the layout design of the steel pipe is difficult, and the construction length is restricted. There was a problem.
[0004]
When an underpass is constructed using such a pipe roof method, as shown in FIG. 24, a hole is bored horizontally just above the top end of the entrance of the underpass 1 in the longitudinal direction, and a straight tubular hole is formed in the excavation hole. The pipe 2 is inserted and buried, and the pipe 2 is supported by a shoring (not shown) in association with the excavation of the tunnel to prevent loosening of the ground due to the excavation. Was excavating the area defined by
[0005]
Therefore, in this case, in addition to the substantial underpass 1 excavation, the surrounding area shown by the diagonal lines in FIG. There is a problem that it takes time for excavation, which increases the construction period and increases the construction cost.
On the other hand, when constructing the underpass 1, it is necessary to avoid access to the ground surface and the underground structure 4 and to avoid passing through private areas as much as possible. Together, it is difficult to secure such a construction environment, and it is necessary to dig deep using a vertical shaft, the construction becomes large and complicated, and the construction period is prolonged and the construction cost rises, The length of the attachment passages 5 and 6 that communicate from the ground to the underpass increases, and the above-described problem increases.
[0006]
By the way, recently, as a solution to such a problem of the horizontal boring or pipe roof method, a so-called curved boring technique of excavating the underground in a curved shape has been developed, and a tunnel widening method using the boring has been developed. Proposed.
For example, in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 4-281990, a shield tunnel is used as a starting point for curved boring, an erection frame is installed in the tunnel, and a propulsion device for boring is assembled to the frame, and a portion wider than the device is used. Propelling the drilling rig, boring the underground in a curved shape, propelling a curved pipe into this drilling hole and burying it, inserting a freezing pipe into the pipe, creating a frozen soil wall around the widened part, After improving the surrounding ground, the widened part is excavated.
[0007]
However, this widening method is premised on the use of existing shield tunnels, so it is not practical for constructing underpasses or mountain tunnels where the tunnels cannot be used from the beginning. Because the ground is interposed between the curved pipe and the lining wall, the joint strength between the curved pipe and the lining wall is weak, and not only is it not possible to obtain sufficient strength, but also a great deal of time is required to freeze the frozen soil wall and maintain the freezing during excavation. In addition, there is a problem that a refrigeration facility and a refrigerant pipe are required, and the construction period is lengthened and the construction cost is increased.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves such a problem, and uses a curved boring device to minimize the amount of excavation, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.Construction ofRecipeThe lawThe purpose is to provide.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The structure of the tunnel according to the present invention is as follows:Planned tunnel spaceA plurality of curved excavation holes are excavated over the entire area in the length direction of the excavation, and a curved tubular buried pipe is buried in the excavation hole, and then the ground surrounded by the buried pipe is excavated, and a lining is formed on the inner surface of the excavation. In the method of constructing a tunnel for forming a wall, the tunnelLeSetspaceThe whole area aroundofMultiple curved buried pipesIsPlace them in a ring close to each otherOne anotherIn addition to forming a lining wall of uniform thickness over the entire area of the buried pipe facing the inner surface of the excavation, and connecting the buried pipes together, By strengthening the adhesion between the buried pipe and the lining wall, a robust tunnel can be constructed, and the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is reduced.
[0010]
[Action]
The invention of claim 1 is characterized byLeSetspaceThe whole area aroundofMultiple curved buried pipesIsPlace them in a ring close to each otherOne anotherIn addition, the buried pipe facing the inner surface of the excavation is formed with a uniform thickness lining wall, and the buried pipes are connected to each other to stabilize the ground with a simple configuration.
In addition, it will strengthen the adhesion between the buried pipe and the lining wall, realize a robust tunnel construction, and shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs.
[0011]
【Example】
In the following, a description will be given of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an underpass with a relatively shallow earth cover. In FIGS. 1 to 16, reference numeral 7 denotes a ground which is a tunnel excavation ground in an urban area or a mountainous area. An existing structure 8 such as a house, a factory, and a substation is installed on the upper side, and an underpass 9 as an underground tunnel is provided inside the ground 7.
[0012]
The underpass 9 is formed in a vertical cross section that curves gently downward, and its inner cross section is formed in a circular shape. The mounting passages 12 and 13 are formed outside the entrances 10 and 11 to connect to the ground.
In this case, the inner cross section of the underpass 9 is not limited to a circle, but may be an ellipse, a rectangle, or another shape.
[0013]
In the case of the embodiment, the inner cross section of the mounting passages 12 and 13 is formed in the same circular shape as the underpass 9, and the horizontal plane shape of the passages 12 and 13 opening to the ground is as shown in FIG. It is formed in a long elliptical or elliptical shape.
A lining wall 14 such as a concrete wall is formed on the inner surface of the underpass 9, and lining walls 15 and 16 such as concrete or road walls are formed on the peripheral surfaces of the mounting passages 12 and 13. As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical cross-sectional shape of the engineered wall 14 and the lining walls 15 and 16 on the road surface side are formed in a curved shape substantially similar to the underpass 9, and a plurality of embedded pipes 17 are embedded outside in a ring shape. ing.
In this case, when the underpass 9 is dedicated to a pedestrian other than a vehicle, a road surface or stairs having a predetermined slope can be provided on the lining walls 15 and 16 of the attachment passages 12 and 13.
[0014]
The buried pipe 17 is composed of a plurality of buried short pipes (not shown), which are connected to each other in the axial direction to form a curved tube, and has a longitudinal cross-sectional shape that is substantially similar to the underpass 9 as shown in FIG. This is arranged in parallel along the underpass 9 and the attachment passages 12 and 13, and the pipe end is arranged on the periphery of the opening of the underpass 9 and the attachment passages 12 and 13.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 4, the pipe ends of the buried pipes 17 are symmetrically arranged at the center of the underpass 9, so that the position, length and radius of curvature of each pipe 17 are different from those of the symmetrically positioned pair of buried pipes 17. Except for the difference, the pipe joints 18 are connected to their outer circumferences.
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, a short and small buried pipe 17 having a small radius of curvature is used at the periphery of the opening of the entrance 10, while the periphery of the opening of the mounting passage 12 separated from the entrance 10 is provided as shown in FIG. A buried pipe 17 that is longer and has a larger radius of curvature than the above-described buried pipe 17 is used.
The pipe joints 18, 18 are formed of small-diameter curved pipes which are curved in the same manner as the buried pipe 17, and the slits 19, 19 formed on the peripheral surface thereof are arranged upward or downward, and the pipe joints 18 adjacent thereto are arranged. , 18 are connected to connect adjacent buried pipes 17, 17.
[0016]
In this case, as a means for increasing the strength of the buried pipe 17, as shown in FIG.fillingFilling the member 20 or as shown in FIG.fillingA reinforcing member 21 such as an I-beam may be embedded in the member 20.
[0017]
The underpass 9 including the mounting passages 12 and 13 has a substantially elliptical or oblong planar shape as shown in FIG. 4, and a base frame 22 is provided on the planned ground of the underpass 9 via an earth anchor 23. It is installed immovably.
The base frame 22 is formed in an elliptical or elliptical shape larger than the above-mentioned opening shape, and has an opening window 22a having substantially the same shape as the above-mentioned opening shape as a positioning means inside the base frame 22. A pair of guide rails 24 is laid on the frame 22 so as to be aligned with the periphery of the opening expected position.
The guide rail 24 is arranged in an elliptical or elliptical ring shape having a shape similar to the shape of the opening, and a work platform 26 is movably installed on the rail 24 via traveling wheels 25, 25. .
[0018]
The work platform 26 can be fixed at an appropriate position on the guide rail 24 via a lock mechanism (not shown), and a frame 27 is erected on the platform 26.
A propulsion gantry 28 is mounted on the gantry 27 via bolts and nuts so that the vertical and horizontal positions and the angle can be adjusted. The gantry 28 is provided with a well-known curved boring device 29, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-281990. Is mounted.
[0019]
The curved boring device 29 includes an excavating device and a propulsion device 30, which will be described later. The propulsion device 30 has a propulsion cylinder (not shown) including a hydraulic cylinder.
The propulsion cylinder is connected to the buried pipe 17 via the main push case 31, and the buried pipe 17 can be sent out toward the ground 7, that is, downward through an extension operation of the cylinder rod (not shown).
[0020]
The buried pipe 17 is formed in an arcuate shape, and a curved inner pipe (not shown) is inserted therein. The inner pipe is linked to a propulsion cylinder (not shown) installed at a position close to the main push case 31. The cylinder rod (not shown) can be sent out in the same direction as the buried pipe 17 through an extension operation.
[0021]
The above-mentioned excavating device (not shown) is connected to the distal end of the inner pipe. The excavating device includes a hydraulic motor, a oscillating device, a speed reducer, and an excavating bit (both not shown). The drill bit is transmitted to the drill bit via a speed reducer, and the swinging device enables a constant swing of the drill bit.
In the figure, reference numeral 32 denotes a curved tube holder capable of holding the peripheral surface of the buried pipe 17, 33 denotes a mouth pipe arranged at a predetermined position on the base frame 22 corresponding to the burying start position of the buried pipe 17, and they are inclined obliquely upward. It is open.
[0022]
In addition, reference numeral 34 in the drawing denotes a ring-shaped support for supporting the buried pipe 17, which is formed by connecting steel arch supports in a ring shape.
In this case, the shoring 34 is arranged in a similar shape to the buried pipe 17 to be supported, in other words, according to the cross-sectional shape of the underpass 9. In the case of a cross section, they are arranged in a rectangle.
In this embodiment, the guide rails 24 are laid on the base frame 22 to make the work platform 26 movable. However, the guide rails 24 are omitted, and the work platform 26 is manually placed every time each buried pipe 17 is buried. It may be moved to a predetermined position of the base frame 22 and fixed by appropriate means such as screwing.
[0023]
FIGS. 17 to 23 show an application of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are used for the portions corresponding to the above-described configuration.
Among them, the first applied form shown in FIGS. 17 to 22 shows an example of building the underpass 9 having a deep earth covering and therefore requiring deep excavation.
That is, in this case, the shafts 35 and 36 are excavated at the positions corresponding to the entrances 10 and 11 of the underpass 9, and a plurality of vertical frames 37 are erected on the inner periphery of one of the shafts 35. In between, the base frame 22 is installed horizontally in the direction of the underpass 9, And its vertical position can be adjusted.
A guide rail 24 is laid on the base frame 22 in a direction perpendicular to the underpass 9, and a work platform 26 is movably mounted on the rail 24 via traveling wheels 25, 25.
[0024]
A propulsion gantry 28 is mounted on the work gantry 26 via bolts and nuts so that the installation position and the angle can be adjusted, and a propulsion device 30 of a curved boring device 29 is mounted on the gantry 28.
Pulleys 38, 38 are rotatably attached to the upper end of the work platform 26, and hoisting winches 39, 39 are installed above the vertical frames 37, 37 installed at the center. The wound long wire ropes 41, 41 are wound around winding drums 40, 40 of a predetermined length, and the work platform 26 isAccording to construction positionVertical movementAnd adjust the height positionMaking it possible.
That is, the work platform 26 reverses the hoisting winches 39, 39 and fully unwinds the wire ropes 41, 41, as described later., Height adjusted in advance according to the construction positionGuide rail 24It can be pushed and moved by mounting it on top and giving enough freedom of movement.
[0025]
In this case, the base frame 22 and the guide rail 24 areAccording to the height positionThe vertical position is adjusted,TheThe adjustment position of the base frame 22 is fixed to the vertical frames 37, 37 via, for example, bolts and nuts.
In the figure, reference numerals 42 and 43 denote side jacks provided at the upper and lower positions of the work stand 26, which can be extended and contracted in the coaxial direction with the underpass 9, and receive the landing portions 42a and 43a at the tips thereof to receive the reaction force of the inner surface of the shaft 35. (Not shown).
[0026]
That is, thisFirst application formAt the time of construction of the underpass, first, as shown in FIG. 18, the shafts 35 and 36 are excavated at positions corresponding to the entrances 10 and 11 of the underpass 9, and the depth thereof is deeper than the saddle portion 9 a of the underpass 9. The width in the nine directions is excavated wider than the short pipe length of the buried pipe 17, the base frame 22 and the vertical frame 37 are installed in one of the shafts 35 as shown in FIG. 19, and the guide rail 24 is mounted on the base frame 22. It is laid in a direction orthogonal to the underpass 9.
[0027]
The base frame 22 is fixed to the vertical frames 37, 37 by bolting, corresponding to the initial boring start position by the curved boring device 29.
Next, the work platform 26 is carried into the shaft 35, and its traveling wheels 25, 25 are mounted on the guide rails 24 to enable its movement, and the propulsion platform 28 is installed on the work platform 26 by adjusting the angle and position. The propulsion device 30 is mounted on the base 28.
Thereafter, the mouth pipe 33 is connected to a predetermined position of the vertical frame 37, the buried pipe 17 is inserted into the pipe 33, and this is held by the bent pipe holder 32, and the side jacks 42, 43 are expanded and contracted, and the landing is performed. The work platform 26 is fixed at a fixed position by bringing the portions 42a and 43a into contact with the reaction force receiver.
[0028]
Under this condition, the drilling device is driven, the drilling bit is rotated to start boring, and the propulsion device 30 is driven to send out the buried pipe 17 containing the inner pipe to the drilling hole. After the distance has been propelled, a buried pipe 17 for replenishment, in which an inner pipe has been incorporated and placed outside the mine in advance, is carried into the pit and connected to the rear end of the preceding buried pipe 17.
Then, the driving of the drilling machine is resumed, the drilling bit is rotated to start boring, and the propulsion device 30 is driven to send out the buried pipe 17 containing the inner pipe to the drilling hole, and the pipe 17 is moved for a predetermined distance. After the propulsion, the buried pipe 17 for extension is connected to the rear end.
[0029]
Hereinafter, the above operation is repeated to increase the buried pipes 17, which are sequentially sent to the ground 7, and when the tip reaches the other shaft 36, the propulsion of the buried pipes 17 is completed. The pipe is pulled out and the buried pipe 17 is left on the ground 7, and the pipe 17 is buried.
[0030]
After burying the buried pipe 17 for the length of the underpass 9 in this way, the side jacks 42 and 43 are reduced, the restraint of the work stand 26 is released, and the work stand 26 is moved to the next boring position adjacent to the buried pipe 17. Moving.
In this movement, for example, the hoisting winches 38, 39 are driven, the wire ropes 41, 41 are wound on the hoisting drums 40, 40 as appropriate, and the work frame 26 is once pulled up. , 37 and secure it in the next mounting position.
[0031]
Next, the hoisting winches 38, 39 are driven to rotate in the reverse direction, the wire ropes 41, 41 are fully rewound, the work platform 26 is mounted on the guide rail 25, and the degree of freedom of the lateral movement of the platform 26 is provided. , The driving of the hoisting winches 38, 39 is stopped, and the position is maintained.
Thereafter, the work base 26 is pushed and moved, and the work base 26 is moved in the direction orthogonal to the underpass 9 along the guide rail 25. When the propulsion device 30 moves to the position corresponding to the next opening pipe 33, the side jacks 42 and 43 are moved. The work base 26 is extended and fixed to the moving position.
[0032]
Then, the buried pipe 17 is set again, the drilling apparatus is driven to start boring, the buried pipe 17 is sent out to the digging hole, and when the pipe 17 has been propelled a predetermined distance, the buried pipe 17 for replenishment is replaced with the preceding one. By connecting to the rear end of the buried pipe 17, these operations are repeated to increase the buried pipe 17. After the completion of the propulsion of the pipe 17, the inner pipe is pulled out, and the buried pipe 17 is left in the ground 7 and buried.
[0033]
In this way, the plurality of buried pipes 17 are buried in the ground 7 as shown in FIG. 21, these are arranged in a ring shape in the circumferential direction of the underpass 9, and then the work stand 26, the base frame 22, and the vertical frame 37 are erected. It is removed from 35 and the ground 7 inside the area partitioned by the buried pipe 17 is excavated.
In this case, the excavation only needs to be excavated in the ground 7 surrounded by the buried pipe 17, and the excavation amount is larger than the volume of the inner space section of the underpass 9, but the conventional pipe roof method shown in FIG. The amount of excavation is much smaller than the amount of excavation defined by the imaginary line, so no extra excavation is required.Therefore, the minimum amount of excavation is sufficient, and this type of excavation work can be streamlined and the time required for excavation can be significantly reduced. In addition, the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced, and the excavation work can be downsized.
[0034]
In addition, since the buried pipes 17 are arranged around the underpass 9 and support the surrounding ground 7, the collapse of the ground 7 due to excavation is strongly prevented.
Moreover, since the buried pipe 17 has a curved shape, the buried pipe 17 has a larger contact area with the ground 7 as compared with a conventional straight pipe, and thus the ground 7 is firmly supported.
[0035]
Next, as the ground 7 is excavated, the support 34 is assembled in a ring shape at the excavated portion, and the support 34 is arranged at a predetermined interval to support the buried pipe 17.
This situation is as shown in FIG. 22. This prevents deformation of the buried pipe 17 and collapse of the ground 7, and after that, a formwork of a predetermined shape is assembled between the supports 34, 34, or an existing formwork is carried in. Then, concrete is poured between the frame and the buried pipe 17 to form a lining wall 14 on the inner surface of the underpass 9.
[0036]
Before and after the lining, the bottoms of the shafts 35 and 36 are buried, and the mounting passages 12 and 13 are excavated by using the shafts 35 and 36, and concrete is poured into the peripheral surface of the mounting passages 12 and 13 to form the lining wall 15. , 16 are formed, and pavement concrete (not shown) is cast on the road surface side, and the surrounding area is completed to complete a series of operations.
[0037]
The underpass 9 constructed in this manner is as shown in FIG. 17, in which the buried pipe 17 is gently curved downward along the longitudinal direction of the underpass 9 in the same manner as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the underpass 9.
Therefore, the entire area of the underpass 9 in the circumferential direction is supported by the buried pipe 17 and reinforces the portion, so that the underpass 9 is supported and reinforced only at the top end as in the conventional pipe roof construction method. 9 or the strength around the tunnel becomes uniform.
Furthermore, since the buried pipe 17 is formed into a curved pipe, the contact area between the buried pipe 17 and the ground 7 is increased as compared with a structure in which a straight pipe is buried as in the conventional pipe roof construction method. A robust structure is obtained.
[0038]
Meanwhile, thisFirst application formAs shown in FIG. 20, the tunnel construction apparatus used in the first embodiment has a work platform 26 on which a curved boring apparatus 29 can be installed at one of the entrances 10 of the underpass 9 and can move the platform 26 in a direction orthogonal to the underpass 9. The propulsion device 30 can be accurately installed at a predetermined position in accordance with the boring position or the buried position of the buried pipe 17, and the construction accuracy thereof is improved.
In addition, since the work stand 26 is provided with the side jacks 42 and 43 and the stand 26 is fixed at a predetermined position so as to withstand the reaction force during boring, the boring can be performed safely and accurately.
[0039]
FIG.Shows a second application, which isInstead of the underpass 9, the present invention is applied to a small tunnel 44 built on a small mountain in a mountain area, a hill or an embankment in an urban area, and the vertical cross-sectional shape of the tunnel 44 is gently curved upward. A lining wall 14 is formed on the inner surface, and a plurality of buried pipes 17 are buried in a ring shape on the outer periphery of the wall 14.
The buried pipe 17 is gently curved upward in the same manner as the longitudinal section of the tunnel 44. The buried pipe 17 is formed into a curved pipe by connecting a plurality of buried short pipes in the axial direction. And is buried in the ground 7 by being propelled upward from a work stand (not shown) installed in the ground.
[0040]
Therefore, when the tunnel 44 is excavated, only the inner ground sectioned by the buried pipe 17 needs to be excavated, and unnecessary extra ground 7 which is divided by the imaginary line in FIG. 23 as in the conventional pipe roof construction method. Eliminating from excavation, this can be done reasonably and quickly.
In addition, the tunnel 44 is supported by a plurality of buried pipes 17 having an upward arch shape, and an external force such as earth pressure acts on the pipes 17 in the pipe axial direction to form an axial compression force. Since the bending moment and the bending stress due to the external force are reduced against them, the strength is increased as a whole.
[0041]
When the underpass 9 having a circular inner cross section, which is one form of the tunnel, is constructed by the tunnel construction method shown in FIGS. 1 to 16 constructed as described above, the earth anchor 23 is attached to one of the ground opening planned positions. The base frame 22 is installed via the.
The opening shape on the plane of the underpass 9 has a long ellipse or oval shape on the underpass 9 side as shown in FIG. 4, and the base frame 22 has an opening window 22a having substantially the same shape as the above opening shape. The base frame 22 is installed with the opening window 22a aligned with the expected opening position.
[0042]
Then, a pair of guide rails 24, 24 are laid on the base frame 22 in a ring shape similar to the opening shape, the traveling wheel 25 is placed on the rail 24, and the work platform 26 is moved along the guide rail 24. Install it movably.
Then, the propulsion gantry 28 of the curved boring device 29 is installed at a predetermined position on the frame 27 of the work gantry 26, and the propulsion device 30 and components attached thereto are assembled on the gantry 28.
[0043]
In this case, in this embodiment, the base frame 22 is directly installed on the ground, and excavation of the shaft is not required. Therefore, the construction can be simplified, the construction period can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, since the refilling work of the buried pipe 17 to be described later can be performed on the ground, these works can be performed easily and efficiently.
[0044]
Next, the work gantry 26 is pushed and moved to the boring construction start position, and a lock mechanism (not shown) is operated to fix the work gantry 26 to the base frame 22 to adjust the position of the propulsion gantry 28.
The position of the propulsion gantry 28 is adjusted based on the boring position, the length of the buried pipe 17 used at that position, and the radius of curvature thereof, while adjusting the position on the gantry 27 up, down, left and right, and tilting it with respect to the horizontal plane. This is done by adjusting the angle, that is, the boring execution angle.
[0045]
For example, when boring is performed from the periphery of the opening of the entrance 10, since the buried pipe 17 having a small radius and a small radius of curvature is used as shown in FIG. 1, the propulsion gantry 28 maintains the position relative to the mouth pipe 33. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, it is installed in a substantially upright state with respect to the horizontal plane.
On the other hand, when boring is performed from the periphery of the opening of the mounting passage 12 that is separated from the entrance 10, the buried pipe 17 is longer and has a larger radius of curvature than the buried pipe 17 described above as shown in FIG. 1. The propulsion gantry 28 is installed in an acute angle state in which the propulsion gantry 28 has fallen outward from the state of FIG.
[0046]
Thereafter, the mouth pipe 33 is connected to the inner end of the base frame 22, the buried pipe 17 is inserted into the pipe 33, and this is held by the bent pipe holder 32.
An inner pipe (not shown) is previously inserted into the buried pipe 17, and a vacuum and a water swivel (both not shown) are attached to the rear end of the pipe 17, and the water swivel communicates with the water swivel. Water hoses (both not shown) are connected.
[0047]
After such preparation work, the excavator is driven, the excavation bit is driven and rotated to start excavation, and the propulsion device 30 is driven to send out the buried pipe 17 containing the inner pipe to the excavation hole.
At the time of excavation, a large amount of water is injected from the tip of the excavator to cool the excavation bit, and at the same time, the injected water and excavated earth and sand are sucked into the vacuum, and these are guided to the gap between the buried pipe 17 and the inner pipe, and the It is discharged from the rear end of the pipe 17.
[0048]
In this case, when using the buried pipe 17 having the pipe joint 18 connected to the peripheral surface, the digging bit is enlarged to form a digging hole having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the buried pipe 17.
At this time, the work platform 26 is moved by an amount equivalent to two pitches of the buried pipe 17, and after the buried pipe 17 is buried at the position, the work platform 26 is moved between the buried pipes 17, 17 after the burying is completed. The adjacent pipe joints 18, 18 are connected, and the buried pipe 17 is propelled and buried.
[0049]
In this way, when the first buried pipe 17 has been propelled for a predetermined distance, the water swivel attached to the pipe 17 is removed, and the additional buried pipe 17 incorporating the inner pipe in advance is set on the rear side of the propulsion device 30; After connecting the hydraulic hoses, connect the inner pipe.
The set buried pipe 17 is welded and connected after the pipe end is aligned with the pipe end of the preceding buried pipe 17.
In this case, since the work stand 26 is installed on the ground, the work of adding the buried pipe 17 can be performed easily and efficiently as compared with the case where the work stand 26 is installed in the shaft.
[0050]
Thereafter, the above operation is repeated to gradually increase the buried pipes 17 and sequentially send them to the ground 7, so that the tip of the buried pipe 17 reaches the other opening 11 or the planned opening of the mounting passage 13, and this is the ground. , The propulsion of the buried pipe 17 is completed.
Thereafter, the leading pipe is removed from the protruding side and recovered, and the inner pipe is pulled out through the hydraulic holder of the propulsion device 30. As shown in FIG. 7, the buried pipe 17 is left in the ground 7 and is buried. Both ends thereof are positioned at the opening positions.
[0051]
After the buried pipe 17 having a predetermined length is buried in this manner, the locking action of the lock mechanism is released, the constraint between the work platform 26 and the base frame 22 is released, and the work platform 26 is moved to the next boring work position, that is, the above-mentioned preceding work. The work table 26 is moved to the construction position adjacent to the position, and the lock mechanism is operated again to restrain the work platform 26 to the base frame 22.
Further, based on the above-mentioned boring work position, the length of the buried pipe 17 to be used, and the radius of curvature thereof, the installation position and the angle of the propulsion gantry 28 are adjusted, and the mouth pipe 33 is attached to the inner end of the base frame 22. After the connection, the buried pipe 17 is inserted into the pipe 33, and this is held by the curved pipe holder 32.
[0052]
Thereafter, the work platform 26 is sequentially moved along the guide rails 24, and the position and angle of the propulsion device 30 are sequentially adjusted via the propulsion platform 28, so that a predetermined number of the buried pipes 17 are connected to the underpass 9 as shown in FIG. It is buried in a ring shape in the circumferential direction.
In this manner, each buried pipe 17 is buried in the ground 7 along the length direction of the underpass 9, and its longitudinal section gradually curves downward based on each radius of curvature, and As shown in FIG. 4, the portion is arranged in a ring shape at the planned opening locations of the entrances 10 and 11 of the underpass 9.
[0053]
In this case, since the buried pipe 17 is press-fitted into the surrounding ground, even if a burial load, an overburden load, earth pressure, etc. act on the buried pipe 17, no slippage occurs between the buried pipe 17 and the ground 7. The ground 7 is reinforced by the buried pipe 17.
At that time, after the burying pipe 17 is buried, the filling member 20 such as concrete or mortar is injected, or the reinforcing member 21 is buried inside the filling member 20 to form a solid structure as shown in FIGS. The strength of the buried pipe 17 is further enhanced, and the ground 7 is further strengthened.
[0054]
When a predetermined number of the buried pipes 17 have been buried in this way, the base frame 22 and the work platform 26 are removed, and the ground 7 is removed from one or both sides of the entrances 10 and 11 of the underpass 9 or the mounting passages 12 and 13. Excavate.
In this case, the excavation only needs to be excavated along the buried pipe 17 in the ground 7 surrounded by the pipe 17, and the excavation amount is larger than the volume of the inner space section of the underpass 9. Compared with the excavation amount that is divided by the virtual line in Fig. 14 using the roof construction method, extra excavation is required in a much smaller amount, so minimal excavation is sufficient, and this kind of excavation work can be streamlined. The time can be greatly reduced, the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced, and the excavation work can be downsized.
[0055]
In addition, since the curved tubular buried pipe 17 is arranged in a ring shape around the underpass 9 and the attachment passages 12 and 13, a structure in which a straight tubular pipe is buried at the top end as in the conventional pipe roof construction method. In comparison with the above, the contact area between the buried pipe 17 and the ground 7 is increased, the supporting strength of the ground 7 is enhanced, the collapse is prevented, and the underpass 9 and the mounting passages 12 and 13 are simultaneously excavated. Therefore, the excavation work can be performed easily and quickly as compared with a deep excavation structure using a shaft.
[0056]
Then, along with the excavation of the ground 7, the pier 34 is assembled in a ring shape to the excavated portion, and the piers 34 are arranged at predetermined intervals to support the buried pipe 17.
This situation is shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, whereby the deformation of the buried pipe 17 and the collapse of the ground 7 are prevented.
[0057]
Next, a formwork having a predetermined shape is assembled between the supports 34, 34, or an existing formwork is carried in, concrete is poured into the space between the formwork and the buried pipe 17, and the inner surface of the underpass 9 and the mounting passage 12 are inserted. , 13 are formed with lining walls 14, 15, 16.
In this case, lining of the underpass 9 and the mounting passages 12 and 13 can be performed at substantially the same time, so that these lining operations can be performed rationally.
[0058]
Thereafter, pavement concrete (not shown) is poured into the bottom of the underpass 9 and the road surface side of the mounting passages 12 and 13, and the underpass 9 is mounted on the vehicle.ToIf it is exclusive to passersby, a series of operations can be completed by providing stairs with a gradient as appropriate.
[0059]
The underpass 9 thus constructed is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the buried pipe 17 is arranged in a ring shape outside the underpass 9 and the lining walls 14, 15, 16 of the mounting passages 12, 13. Are gently curved downward along the length direction of the underpass 9.
Therefore, the underpass 9 and the surroundings of the mounting passages 12 and 13 are supported by the buried pipe 17 to reinforce the relevant portion. Therefore, compared to a structure in which only the top end is reinforced as in the conventional pipe roof construction method, The strength of the entire area of the underpass 9 is enhanced, and the strength of the mounting passages 12 and 13 is enhanced.
[0060]
Further, since the buried pipe 17 is formed in a curved tubular shape, the contact area between the buried pipe 17 and the ground 7 is increased as compared with a structure in which a straight pipe is buried as in the conventional pipe roof method, and the ruggedness is correspondingly increased. Structure can be obtained.
In addition, since the underpass 9 has a small amount of earth covering, the length of the attachment passages 12 and 13 communicating from the entrances and exits 10 and 11 to the ground can be shortened. It is advantageous for construction in densely populated houses and can reduce the construction period and construction cost.
[0061]
On the other hand, this embodimentUsed forIn the tunnel construction apparatus, the work platform 26 on which the curved boring apparatus 29 can be installed is installed at the planned opening of the underpass 9 on the ground and its position can be adjusted along the periphery of the opening. It can be easily installed and removed, and can be accurately installed at the boring position.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
The tunnel construction method of the present invention is as described above.LeSetspaceThe whole area aroundofMultiple curved buried pipesIsPlace them in a ring close to each otherOne anotherAnd a lining wall of a uniform thickness is formed over the entire area of the buried pipe facing the inner surface of the excavation, so that the buried pipes are connected to each other to stabilize the ground with a simple configuration. be able to.
In addition, the adhesion between the buried pipe and the lining wall is strengthened, so that a robust tunnel can be constructed, and the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a tunnel (underpass) having a shallow earth covering.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of FIG. 3, showing an entrance and an exit passage on one side of an underpass;
FIG. 5 shows the method of the present invention.UseFIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a process of constructing a tunnel by using a work stand at a position where an underpass entrance and an installation passage are to be opened above the ground.
FIG. 6 shows the present invention.Used forTunnel construction equipmentOne caseIs a front view showing a state where the vehicle is installed at a planned entrance opening of a tunnel entrance and its mounting passage.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process of constructing a tunnel by applying the method of the present invention, and shows a situation where a buried pipe is buried from a work stand installed on the ground to the ground.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG.
FIG. 9 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a front view showing an embodiment of a buried pipe applied to the present invention.
FIG. 11 shows another example of a buried pipe applied to the present invention.FormFIG.
FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of a buried pipe applied to the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process of constructing a tunnel by applying the method of the present invention, and shows a situation where the ground of the tunnel and the mounting passage is excavated.
FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process of constructing a tunnel by applying the method of the present invention, and shows a situation in which a shoring work has been carried out in a pit after excavation of the tunnel and the mounting passage;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.
FIG. 16 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process of building a tunnel by applying the method of the present invention, and shows a situation where a lining wall is formed on the inner surface of the tunnel.
FIG. 17 of the present invention.FirstofApplication formThis is a cross-sectional view showing the application to a tunnel with deep earth cover (underpass).BreakFIG.
FIG. 18FirstofApplication formApplyTatoFIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a process of building a tunnel, and shows a situation where a shaft is excavated at a tunnel entrance.
FIG. 19FirstofApplication formApplyWasFIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a process of constructing a tunnel, and shows a situation where a work platform is installed in a shaft on one side.
FIG. 20FirstofApplication formApplyWasIt is a front view showing an example of a tunnel construction device.
FIG. 21FirstofApplication formApplyWasFIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a process of constructing a tunnel, showing a state where a buried pipe is buried from a work platform in a shaft to a ground.
FIG. 22FirstofApplication formApplyWasFIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a process of building a tunnel, showing a situation where a ground in the tunnel is excavated and then supported in a pit.
FIG. 23Second embodiment of the present inventionofIn a sectional view showing the application formApplies to small tunnels that curve upwardAndYou.
FIG. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tunnel showing a conventional pipe roof method.
[Explanation of symbols]
7 Chiyama
9 Tunnel (underpass)
10,11 doorway
14                Lining wall
17 Buried pipe

Claims (1)

From the tunnel entrance / exit position, a plurality of curved excavation holes are excavated throughout the length of the planned tunnel space , and a curved tubular buried pipe is buried in the excavation hole, and then the ground surrounded by the buried pipe is removed. excavated, the construction method of tunnel forming the lining wall to the excavation inner surface, buried pipe of the plurality of songs tubular entire area of the outer periphery of the tunnel scheduled space is arranged in a ring in close proximity, one or each other And forming a lining wall of uniform thickness over the entire area of the buried pipe facing the inner surface of the excavation.

Images