JP3563128B2 - Precast concrete foundation structure, precast concrete foundation and foundation construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a precast concrete foundation structure and a precast concrete foundation constructed on the ground of a building, and a method of constructing the foundation. The present invention relates to a concrete foundation structure, a precast concrete foundation, and a method for constructing a foundation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to build a building in a stable state, it is first necessary to build a foundation on the ground stably and accurately. Conventionally, the foundation for a house is constructed by first excavating the ground of the building construction part continuously, forming a root cutting part, laying sandstone, crushed stone, etc. on this root cutting part, forming a formwork, and supporting means. This formwork is erected and supported, and concrete is poured into the formwork, cured and solidified to build a footing and a cloth foundation, and then the formwork is removed and the surface of the cloth foundation is removed. Was constructed by mortar processing.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-mentioned conventional foundation construction work, the work of continuously erecting the formwork along the root cutting portion is time-consuming, leads to a longer construction period, and increases costs. In addition, the work of curing concrete also requires several days, which causes the construction period to be prolonged, and the removal of the formwork and the mortar treatment are also troublesome.
[0004]
Therefore, in order to further simplify and speed up the work of constructing a foundation at a construction site, a construction method in which a precast concrete (hereinafter, referred to as PC) foundation preliminarily produced at a factory stage is installed at a root cutting portion has been considered.
[0005]
However, according to this construction type, a PC foundation must be constructed at a predetermined position, concrete must be poured and cured under the PC foundation, and a footing must be constructed. Since the construction period is prolonged, there has been a problem that costs cannot be sufficiently suppressed.
[0006]
In addition, there is a problem that it is difficult to adjust the dimensional error when the PC foundation is installed, and it is difficult to adjust the cast concrete after the concrete is solidified, and it takes time and effort to adjust.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to cast concrete at a construction site for footing construction, a precast concrete foundation structure and a precast concrete foundation capable of simplifying curing work, and An object of the present invention is to provide a foundation construction method.
[0008]
Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily adjust a dimensional error when installing a PC foundation.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is:
A plurality of precast concrete bases installed at predetermined intervals in a root cut formed by continuously excavating the ground in a building construction area, and a precast concrete foundation erected between the precast concrete bases,
Including
The precast concrete foundation,
A rising part which is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a tapered lower end formed to form a predetermined space with the ground,
A footing portion formed with an opening projecting laterally from a lower portion of the rising portion and communicating with the predetermined space;
It is characterized by having.
[0010]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the footing portion is provided with a gap between the footing portion and the ground.
[0011]
Further, the invention according to claim 3 is a precast concrete foundation installed at a protruding corner position in a construction area of a building,
A rising part which is installed by forming a predetermined space between the ground in a rectangular parallelepiped shape,
Having a footing portion formed with an opening projecting laterally from a lower portion of the rising portion and communicating with the predetermined space,
The rising portion has a protrusion at an end of the protruding corner, which protrudes at right angles to a longitudinal direction along the protruding corner to form an outer surface corner.
[0012]
Further, the invention according to claim 4 continuously excavates the bottom in a building construction area to form a root cutting portion,
A plurality of precast concrete bases are installed at predetermined intervals in this root cut,
A plurality of precast concrete foundations integrally having a footing part and a rising part including the precast concrete foundation according to claim 3 at an out-going corner position between the precast concrete floors,
After measuring the diagonal dimension of the precast concrete foundation based on the outer surface corner of the protrusion formed at the exit corner side end of the precast concrete foundation at the exit corner position, adjusting the diagonal dimension,
The precast concrete foundation is connected and fixed.
[0013]
[Action]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the ground is dug, for example, in the building construction area to form a root cut, and a plurality of PC bases are installed at predetermined intervals in the root cut, and the PC base is mounted on the base. The PC foundation is erected.
[0014]
This PC foundation is manufactured at a factory in a shape having a rising portion and a footing portion, and the surface is finished. Therefore, particularly, the rising portion needs to be surface-treated at a building site. Absent.
[0015]
The rising portion forms a predetermined space between the rising portion and the ground, and concrete can flow into the rising portion to fix the PC foundation to the ground.
[0016]
In addition, the opening formed in the footing portion communicates with the predetermined space, so that concrete can be poured from the opening.
[0017]
Furthermore, since a taper is formed at the lower end of the rising portion, when concrete is cast from one side, the concrete easily flows into the other side.
[0018]
Therefore, for example, if concrete is poured from the inside of the building, the concrete flows into the outside, and the concrete placing work from the outside can be omitted. Then, the outside surface of the building at the rising portion is not contaminated by the cast concrete.
[0019]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the footing portion is installed so that there is a gap between the footing portion and the ground, the concrete poured into the space between the ground and the footing portion flows more firmly. It can be fixed.
[0020]
Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the concrete is cast from the opening formed in the footing portion, thereby reducing the amount of concrete to be cast, facilitating the casting operation, and improving the footing portion. Can surround the cast concrete, so that other work during the curing period can be performed without being affected, shortening the construction period and reducing costs, and in addition to the outer surface of the protruding portion formed on the rising corner at the rising portion The diagonal dimension can be measured using the corner, and the dimension measurement can be reliably performed.
[0021]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the state of the third aspect, after the precast concrete foundation is erected and before the concrete is poured, the outer surface formed on the protruding portion of the rising corner on the rising corner side is formed. By measuring the diagonal dimension based on the corner and adjusting the dimension, the dimensional error can be easily adjusted, and a highly accurate foundation can be constructed.
[0022]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0023]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a precast concrete foundation structure according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, a PC cloth foundation 10 is installed between PC bottom boards 30 installed in root cutting portions 20.
[0024]
The root cutting portion 20 is formed by digging the ground 100, and a PC bottom 30 is installed at a corner of the root cutting portion 20 and at a predetermined position.
[0025]
Since the PC bottom 30 is a reinforced concrete plate having a reinforcing bar (not shown) therein, an operation of disposing the reinforcing bar on the PC bottom 30 at a building site can be omitted. Further, the PC bottom board 30 has a smooth upper surface, so that when the PC cloth base 10 is erected, blackout for alignment can be performed on the upper surface.
[0026]
When installing the PC bottom 30 in the root cutting section 20, a mountain of the mortar 22 is placed at the installation position of the PC bottom 30, and the PC bottom 30 is mounted so that the mountain of the mortar 22 is crushed. . Then, an adjustment operation is performed by hitting the PC bottom plate 30 with a hanging arrow or the like so that the upper surface becomes substantially horizontal at a predetermined height. This operation is performed while checking the horizontal level and the height using a leveler using a water thread, a level or a laser beam.
[0027]
Next, the PC cloth foundation 10 erected between the PC bottom boards 30 thus installed will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, there are two types of PC cloth bases 10, a PC cloth base 12 (right side in FIG. 1) having recesses 11 formed at both ends, and a recess 11 formed at one end. There is a PC cloth base 14 (left side in FIG. 1) in which a protrusion 13 is formed at an end of the PC cloth.
[0028]
2A and 2B show a PC cloth base 12 having concave portions 11 formed at both ends, (1) is a plan view thereof, and (2) is a front view thereof. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view taken along line AA in FIG.
[0029]
In these drawings, the PC cloth base 12 has a rising portion 16 and a footing portion 18.
[0030]
The rising portion 16 is for mounting and supporting a building on an upper end surface, and has a reinforcing steel bar (not shown) embedded therein and is formed into a rectangular parallelepiped with a predetermined thickness by concrete. Since it is formed in this way, as shown in FIG. 1, when it is installed between the PC bottoms 30, 30, the rising portion 16 forms a predetermined space at a predetermined interval from the ground of the root cutting portion 20. It will be installed in a state.
[0031]
At both ends of the rising portion 16, recesses 11 having a thicker wall and having a U-shaped cross section are formed. When the PC fabric foundations 12 are joined in a straight line, the recesses 11 are installed facing each other, and a reinforcing bar is arranged inside the recesses 11 and concrete is cast to strengthen the connecting portions. It is designed to be.
[0032]
Further, the rising portion 16 is formed with a taper 17 at the lower end. The taper 17 is formed so that when concrete is poured from one side of the rising portion 16, the concrete easily flows into the other side.
[0033]
Next, the footing portion 18 supports the rising portion 16, and is formed on both side surfaces of the rising portion 16 so as to protrude laterally and downwardly from below with a reinforcing bar (not shown) inside. .
[0034]
Specifically, the footing portion 18 includes a support portion 18a for the rising portion 16 and a surrounding portion 18b surrounding the footing formation region. The support portion 18a is provided on the rising portion 16 to maintain strength. It has a plate shape extending downward from the lower end (see FIG. 3).
[0035]
The footing 18 is formed at the axial center of the rising portion 16, and the footing 18 is not formed on the side surface of the recess 11. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, the PC cloth base 12 can be placed on the PC bottom 30 with the lower surface of the concave portion 11 as a bridge.
[0036]
A concrete filling port 19 is formed in the footing portion 18. As shown in FIG. 2A, the concrete filling port 19 is a plurality of rectangular holes that penetrate from the top of the footing section 18 to the bottom and communicate with the space between the rising section 16 and the ground. Concrete is poured from the concrete filling port 19 under the rising portion 16 so that the footing portion 18 can be firmly fixed to the ground 100.
[0037]
Further, the footing portion 18 is configured such that a gap is formed between the footing portion 18 and the ground when the PC cloth base 12 is laid between the PC bottoms 30, 30. In this way, the poured concrete flows into the space between the ground and the footing portion 18 and can be fixed more firmly.
[0038]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a PC cloth base 14 in which a protrusion 13 is formed at one end and a recess 11 is formed at the other end, (1) is a plan view thereof, and (2) is a front view thereof. FIG.
[0039]
The PC cloth foundation 14 is provided at a protruding corner position in a construction area of a building, and differs from the PC cloth foundation 12 in that a protruding portion 13 is provided at one end located on the protruding corner side.
[0040]
The protruding portion 13 projects perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis along the protruding corner at the one protruding end of the rising portion 16 at the corner of the base protruding corner so as to be joined to the PC cloth base 12 at a right angle. It is formed by
[0041]
As a result, the convex portion 13 forms a right outer corner 13a at the outer corner, and the outer corner 13a is formed at the outer corner with the PC cloth base 14 installed. The diagonal dimension can be easily measured by using the outer surface corner 13a as a reference.
[0042]
A reinforcing bar (not shown) protrudes from the front end face of the convex portion 13. The reinforcing bar is inserted into the concave portion 11 of the PC cloth foundation 12 to be joined, and concrete is poured into the concave portion 11, cured and solidified. At times, the PC cloth base 12 and the PC cloth base 14 can be firmly connected.
[0043]
Further, the footing 18 is not formed at the end where the projection 13 is formed, and the footing 18 is formed at the center of the rising portion 16. Other configurations are the same as those of the PC cloth base 12.
[0044]
The PC cloth base 12 and the PC cloth base 14 are both in a state where the surfaces have been treated in advance at a factory.
[0045]
The present embodiment is configured as described above, and a method of constructing a foundation according to the present embodiment will be described below.
[0046]
First, as shown in FIG. 1, a ground 100 is continuously excavated in a building construction area to form a root cutting portion 20. As shown in FIG. 6, the root cutting portion 20 is formed at a portion where the PC cloth foundations 12 and 14 are installed.
[0047]
Next, a plurality of PC bottom boards 30 are installed in the root cutting section 20 at predetermined intervals. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the PC base 30 is installed at a connecting position of the PC cloth foundations 12 and 14, and at the connecting position, as shown in FIG. Is mounted on the mortar 22 so as to crush the mountain. In this case, the installation position is marked on the upper surface of the PC bottom panel 30 to perform alignment, and the horizontal level and height are adjusted using a leveling device using a water thread, a level, or a laser beam.
[0048]
Next, a plurality of PC cloth foundations 12 and 14 are laid between the PC bottom boards 30 installed at predetermined intervals so as to be in a continuous state. In this case, a PC cloth base 14 having a convex portion 13 is provided at a portion located at the top of the protruding corner, and a PC cloth base 12 having no convex portion 13 is provided at other portions.
[0049]
Then, in a state where the PC cloth base 14 having the protruding portion 13 is set at the protruding corner position, the outer corner portion 13a of the protruding portion 13 sets the protruding corner portion.
[0050]
Then, in a state where the corners of the protruding corners are set, the diagonal dimension L of the PC cloth foundations 12 and 14 is measured based on the outer corner 13a. Make adjustments. In this case, since the PC cloth foundations 12 and 14 are only temporarily placed, the error adjustment can be performed easily and in a short time, and the construction period and cost can be reduced.
[0051]
Here, since the footing portion 18 is formed integrally with the PC cloth foundations 12 and 14, it is not necessary to construct the entire footing at the building site. However, it suffices to perform the work of placing concrete and fix the footing portion 18 to the ground 100.
[0052]
Therefore, concrete is poured from the concrete filling port 19. Then, since the concrete filling port 19 communicates with the space below the rising portion 18, concrete flows into this space. Furthermore, since the taper 17 is formed at the lower end of the rising portion 18, when concrete is cast from one side, the concrete easily flows into the other side.
[0053]
Therefore, for example, if concrete is poured from the inside of the building, the concrete flows into the outside, and the concrete placing work from the outside can be omitted. Then, the outside surface of the building at the rising portion 18 is not contaminated by the cast concrete.
[0054]
Furthermore, since the poured concrete also flows under the footing part 18, the PC cloth foundation 10 is firmly fixed to the ground. It is also possible to determine whether the concrete has been cast properly by watching the concrete flowing out from under the footing 18.
[0055]
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.
[0056]
For example, a groove is formed in the lower part of the side end of the PC cloth foundation placed on the PC bottom board, and when the concrete is cast, concrete enters into the groove and is integrated, so that the PC cloth foundation can be firmly fixed. It may be formed.
[0057]
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the present embodiment. In the same drawing, a taper 18c is formed inside the footing portion. With such a configuration, it is possible to sufficiently transmit the load from above through the concrete cast between the ground and the footing portion. Further, since the taper 18c is formed as described above, the punching that the concrete comes off from above does not occur. Further, the PC cloth base having such a structure can be easily removed from the mold even when the core is formed into an integral shape at the time of manufacturing.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the PC foundation has the footing portion, there is an effect that the concrete placing and curing work at the construction site can be simplified.
[0059]
Also, when concrete is poured into the concrete filling port, the concrete can easily flow to the opposite side due to the taper of the rising portion. Therefore, the PC foundation can be fixed only by placing the concrete from one side. This makes it possible to reduce the weight and to reduce the size of the crane, so that the workability is excellent and the other side surface of the rising portion does not need to be soiled.
[0060]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is an effect that the poured concrete flows into the space between the ground and the footing and can be fixed more firmly.
[0061]
Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the concrete is poured from the opening formed in the footing portion, thereby reducing the amount of concrete to be poured.
Since the casting operation is facilitated and the footing section surrounds the cast concrete, other operations during the curing period can be performed without being affected, so that the construction period and cost can be reduced, and the rising portion can be reduced. This has the effect that the measurement can be performed and the dimension can be measured reliably.
[0062]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the state of the third aspect, after the precast concrete foundation is erected and before the concrete is poured, the outer surface angle formed on the protruding portion at the rising end of the rising corner is set. By measuring the diagonal dimension based on the part and adjusting the dimension, there is an effect that the dimensional error can be easily adjusted, and a highly accurate foundation can be constructed.
[0063]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a precast concrete substructure according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a PC cloth base having concave portions formed at both ends, (1) is a plan view thereof, and (2) is a front view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a sectional perspective view taken along line AA in FIG. 2 (1).
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a PC cloth having a convex portion formed at one end and a concave portion formed at the other end, (1) is a plan view thereof, and (2) is a front view thereof.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a construction state of a foundation.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 10 PC cloth foundation 13 Convex part 13a Outer corner 14 PC cloth foundation 16 at rising corner 18 Rising part 18 Footing part 19 Concrete filling port 20 Root cutting part 22 Mortar 30 PC bottom 100 Ground

Claims (4)

A plurality of precast concrete bases installed at predetermined intervals in root excavations formed by continuously excavating the ground in the building construction area, and a precast concrete foundation erected between the precast concrete bases,
Including
The precast concrete foundation,
A rising part which is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape and has a tapered lower end formed to form a predetermined space with the ground,
A footing portion formed with an opening projecting laterally from a lower portion of the rising portion and communicating with the predetermined space;
Precast concrete substructure characterized by having: In claim 1,
The precast concrete substructure, wherein the footing portion is installed with a gap between the footing portion and the ground. In the precast concrete foundation installed at the corner of the building construction area,
A rising part which is installed by forming a predetermined space between the ground in a rectangular parallelepiped shape,
Having a footing portion formed with an opening projecting laterally from a lower portion of the rising portion and communicating with the predetermined space,
The precast concrete foundation characterized in that the rising portion has, at an end of the protruding corner, a protruding portion that protrudes at right angles to a longitudinal direction along the protruding corner and forms an outer surface corner. Excavating the ground continuously in the building construction area to form a root cut,
A plurality of precast concrete bases are installed at predetermined intervals in this root cut,
A plurality of precast concrete foundations integrally having a footing part and a rising part including the precast concrete foundation according to claim 3 at an out-going corner position between the precast concrete floors,
After measuring the diagonal dimension of the precast concrete foundation based on the outer surface corner of the protrusion formed at the exit corner side end of the precast concrete foundation at the exit corner position, adjusting the diagonal dimension,
A method for constructing a foundation, comprising casting concrete from an opening formed in a footing portion of a precast concrete foundation.

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