JP3562065B2 - High gas barrier polymer article and method for producing the same - Google Patents

High gas barrier polymer article and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP3562065B2
JP3562065B2 JP28132095A JP28132095A JP3562065B2 JP 3562065 B2 JP3562065 B2 JP 3562065B2 JP 28132095 A JP28132095 A JP 28132095A JP 28132095 A JP28132095 A JP 28132095A JP 3562065 B2 JP3562065 B2 JP 3562065B2
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gas
ions
gas barrier
ion
article
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JPH09124807A (en
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明憲 江部
哲 西山
潔 緒方
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Nissin Electric Co Ltd
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Nissin Electric Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、食品、医薬品、医療用器具等の包装材、包装容器等や、これらに利用できる基材等の物品であって、高分子材料からなり、ガスバリア性を有する物品及びその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
例えば食品、医薬品、医療用器具等を包装するために広く用いられているポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル樹脂等からなる包装材は、ガスバリア性が比較的低い。例えば酸素(O)ガスや水蒸気(HO)が包装材を透過する場合、包装内容物が酸化したり、湿ったりする恐れがあり、例えば二酸化炭素(CO)ガスが包装材を透過する場合、炭酸飲料等が封入された包装容器から飲料中の二酸化炭素ガスが外部へ抜ける恐れがある。
【0003】
包装材や包装容器の厚みを大きくすることで、ある程度ガスバリア性を高めることができるが、包装材や包装容器の用途、コスト低減化の要請等により厚みを小さくせざるを得ない場合もある。
そこで、包装材、包装容器等のガスバリア性を高めるため、包装材、包装容器等表面にアルミニウム(Al)等の金属膜やシリコン酸化物、アルミニウム酸化物等のセラミック膜等を蒸着形成することが行われている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、金属膜を形成した包装用物品は、透明性が失われるため、包装用物品としての商品価値が下がる。また、包装用物品にて包装した状態のまま電子レンジ加熱できないという欠点も有する。そこで、現在主流となっているのは前記の透明性を有するシリコン酸化物、アルミニウム酸化物等のセラミック膜を形成した包装用物品であるが、この包装用物品は、例えばフィルム状等のものの場合、該包装用物品が屈曲するとセラミック膜にクラックが入り易く、これによりバリア性が著しく低下する。
【0005】
そこで本発明は、透明性に優れるとともに、屈曲してもガスバリア性の劣化が生じない高ガスバリア性高分子物品及びその製造方法を提供することを課題とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記課題を解決するために本発明は、高分子材料からなる物品の表面部分に、不活性ガス(ヘリウム(He)ガス、ネオン(Ne)ガス、アルゴン(Ar)ガス、クリプトン(Kr)ガス、キセノン(Xe)ガス等)、水素(H 2 )ガスから選ばれた少なくとも一種のガスのイオンを照射することで形成されたガスバリア性を有する改質層を有することを特徴とする高ガスバリア性高分子物品、及びその製造方法であって、高分子材料からなる物品の表面部分に、不活性ガス、水素ガスから選ばれた少なくとも一種のガスのイオンを照射してガスバリア性を有する改質層を形成することを特徴とする高ガスバリア性高分子物品の製造方法を提供する。
【0007】
前記高分子材料からなる物品としては、包装材、包装容器等や、これらに利用できる基材等を例示できる。
前記高分子物品の材質は、包装材として一般に用いられているポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂等を挙げることができ、特に限定されない。また、物品形状も、フィルム状、袋状、各種容器の形状等を挙げることができ、特に限定されない。
【0008】
前記イオン照射におけるイオン加速エネルギは、イオン種及び物品材質等によって異なるが、200eV〜100keV程度、好ましくは200eV〜10keV程度とすることが考えられる。また、イオン照射量も、イオン種及び物品材質等によって異なるが、1×1013ions/cm〜1×1020ions/cm程度、好ましくは1×1014ions/cm〜1×1017ions/cm程度とすることが考えられる。
【0009】
イオン加速エネルギとイオン照射量の組み合わせとしては、イオン加速エネルギが200eV〜100keV程度でイオン照射量が1×1013ions/cm〜1×1020ions/cm程度、より好ましくは、イオン加速エネルギが200eV〜10keV程度で、イオン照射量が1×1014ions/cm〜1×1017ions/cm程度を例示できる。
【0010】
イオン加速エネルギ及びイオン照射量についてこのような下限値を設けたのは、これより小さい値ではイオン照射による効果が十分に得られないからであり、このような上限値を設けたのは、これより大きい値では物品に与える熱的損傷が大きくなり、基体が黒変する等、損傷し易いからである。
本発明の高ガスバリア性高分子物品及びその製造方法によると、前記改質層が酸素ガス、二酸化炭素ガス、水蒸気等のガスを透過させ難いため、全体としてこれらのガスを通過させ難い高分子物品が得られる。これは、前記改質層は、イオン照射により物品材質の化学結合状態、結晶性及び配向性が変化して緻密な構造を有するためと考えられる。なお、ガスバリア性の程度は、物品材質とその厚み、イオン種、イオン照射エネルギ及びイオン照射量を適宜、選択、調整して所望のものにすればよい。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。
図1は、本発明に係る高ガスバリア性高分子物品の1例の拡大断面図である。この高分子物品Sは、ここではシート状基材であり、表面部分に、不活性ガス(ヘリウム(He)ガス、ネオン(Ne)ガス、アルゴン(Ar)ガス、クリプトン(Kr)ガス、キセノン(Xe)ガス)、水素ガスから選ばれた少なくとも一種のガスのイオンを照射して形成された改質層S1を有している。そして改質層S1が高ガスバリア性を有するため、全体として高ガスバリア性を有する。
【0012】
また、図2は図1に示す高ガスバリア性高分子物品の製造に用いることができるイオン照射装置である。
この装置は、真空容器1を有し、容器1内には被処理高分子物品Sを支持するホルダ2が設置され、ホルダ2に対向する位置にはイオン源3が設置されている。また、ホルダ2付近にはイオン電流測定器4が設置され、ホルダ2前方にはシャッター5が設置されている。さらに、容器1には排気装置11が付設されて、容器1内を所定の真空度にすることができる。
【0013】
この装置を用いて本発明方法を実施するにあたっては、まず被処理物品Sを図示しない搬送装置を用いて容器1内に搬入し、ホルダ2に支持させた後、排気装置11の運転にて容器1内を所定の真空度にする。また、当初シャッター5は閉じた状態にしておく。次いで、イオン源3に不活性ガス、水素ガスから選ばれた少なくとも一種のガスを導入してイオン化させ、該イオンをホルダ2に向けて照射し、この間イオン電流測定器4により照射イオン数を測定する。そして、所定の照射イオン数が得られた時点でシャッター5を開けて物品Sへの該イオンの照射を開始し、所定時間照射後、さらにシャッター5を閉じてイオン源3を停止することでイオン照射を終了する。
【0014】
このとき、イオン加速エネルギは200eV〜100keV、好ましくは200eV〜10keVとし、イオン照射量は1×1013ions/cm〜1×1020ions/cm、好ましくは1×1014ions/cm〜1×1017ions/cmとする。
このようにして、図1に示すように、表面部分にイオン照射による改質層S1を有する高分子物品Sが得られる。
【0015】
次に、図2の装置を用いて図1に示す高ガスバリア性高分子物品を製造した具体的実施例について説明する。
厚さ12μmのポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)からなるフィルム状被処理物品Sを容器1内に搬入し、ホルダ2に支持させた後、容器1内を1×10−4Pa以下の真空度にした。またシャッター5は閉じた状態とした。次いで、イオン源3にアルゴン(Ar)ガスを導入し、イオン化させ、該イオンを1000eVの加速エネルギでホルダ2に向けて照射した。そして、イオン電流測定器4により測定されるイオン照射量が、1×1014ions/cmとなった時点でシャッター5を開けて物品SへのArイオン照射を開始し、これを10秒間継続した。このようにして表面部分にArイオン照射による改質層S1を有する高ガスバリア性高分子物品Sを得た。また、イオン照射量を1×1015ions/cm、1×1016ions/cm又は5×1016ions/cmとした点を除き、他は同様にして、さらに3個の物品を得た。
【0016】
次いで、前記本発明実施例により得られた高ガスバリア性高分子物品及びイオン照射を行う前の未処理の高分子物品について、酸素ガス及び水蒸気の透過量をそれぞれJIS K7126B法及びJIS K7129B法により測定した。
結果を表1に示す。
【0017】
【表1】

Figure 0003562065
【0018】
また、前記本発明実施例において、Arイオン照射時のイオン照射量を1×1016ions/cmとし、イオン加速エネルギを200eV〜20keVに変化させて得られた高ガスバリア性高分子物品についても、それぞれ同様にして酸素ガス透過量及び水蒸気透過量を測定した。
結果を表2に示す。
【0019】
【表2】
Figure 0003562065
【0020】
これらの結果、イオン照射量及びイオン加速エネルギについては、前記範囲内でこれらの値を大きくするほど、得られる高ガスバリア性高分子物品の酸素ガス及び水蒸気に対するバリア性が高くなったことが分かる。
次に、前記本発明実施例において、イオン加速エネルギを1000eV、イオン照射量を5×1016ions/cmとして得られた高ガスバリア性高分子物品、及び同じPETからなる物品上に膜厚50nmの3酸化2シリコン(Si)膜を真空蒸着法により形成したものの両者について、屈曲試験(ゲルボ試験(ASTM−E−392−74))により50回屈曲させ、その前後の酸素ガス及び水蒸気の透過量をそれぞれ前記と同様の方法で測定した。
【0021】
結果を表3に示す。
【0022】
【表3】
Figure 0003562065
【0023】
この結果、本発明実施例による高ガスバリア性高分子物品では、50回屈曲後も酸素ガス及び水蒸気に対する高いバリア性を維持したが、表面に3酸化2シリコン膜を形成した高分子物品では、50回屈曲によりガスバリア性が著しく低下したことが分かる。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明方法によると、透明性に優れるとともに、屈曲してもガスバリア性の劣化が生じない高ガスバリア性高分子物品及びその製造方法を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る高ガスバリア性高分子物品の1例の一部の拡大断面図である。
【図2】本発明に係る高ガスバリア性高分子物品の製造に用いることができるイオン照射装置の概略構成を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 真空容器
11 排気装置
2 ホルダ
3 イオン源
4 イオン電流測定器
5 シャッター
S 高分子材料物品
S1 ガスバリア性を有する改質層[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to articles such as packaging materials and packaging containers for foods, medicines, medical instruments, and the like, and substrates and the like that can be used for them, and to articles made of a polymer material and having gas barrier properties, and a method for producing the same. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a packaging material made of a polyester resin such as a polypropylene resin, a polyethylene resin, or a polyethylene terephthalate, which is widely used for packaging foods, pharmaceuticals, medical instruments, and the like, has relatively low gas barrier properties. For example, when oxygen (O 2 ) gas or water vapor (H 2 O) permeates the packaging material, the contents of the package may be oxidized or wet. For example, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas may permeate the packaging material. In this case, carbon dioxide gas in the beverage may escape from the packaging container in which the carbonated beverage or the like is enclosed.
[0003]
By increasing the thickness of the packaging material or the packaging container, the gas barrier property can be improved to some extent. However, there are cases where the thickness has to be reduced due to the use of the packaging material or the packaging container, a request for cost reduction, or the like.
Therefore, in order to enhance the gas barrier property of the packaging material, the packaging container, and the like, a metal film such as aluminum (Al) or a ceramic film such as a silicon oxide or an aluminum oxide is formed by vapor deposition on the surface of the packaging material, the packaging container, or the like. Is being done.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the packaging article on which the metal film is formed loses transparency, so that the commercial value of the packaging article decreases. It also has the disadvantage that it cannot be heated in a microwave oven while being packaged in a packaging article. Therefore, what is currently the mainstream is a packaging article formed with a ceramic film such as the above-mentioned transparent silicon oxide or aluminum oxide, and this packaging article is, for example, a film-shaped article. When the packaging article is bent, cracks are liable to be formed in the ceramic film, whereby the barrier property is significantly reduced.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a high gas barrier polymer article which is excellent in transparency and does not cause deterioration of gas barrier properties even when bent, and a method for producing the same.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides an inert gas (helium (He) gas, neon (Ne) gas, argon (Ar) gas, krypton (Kr) gas, High gas barrier properties, characterized by having a modified layer having gas barrier properties formed by irradiating ions of at least one gas selected from xenon (Xe) gas and hydrogen (H 2 ) gas. A molecular article, and a method for producing the same, wherein a surface layer of an article made of a polymer material is irradiated with ions of at least one gas selected from an inert gas and a hydrogen gas to form a modified layer having a gas barrier property. Provided is a method for producing a high gas barrier polymer article characterized by being formed.
[0007]
Examples of the article made of the polymer material include a packaging material, a packaging container and the like, and a substrate and the like which can be used for these.
The material of the polymer article can be, for example, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, vinyl chloride resin, polystyrene resin, polyester resin, etc., which are generally used as a packaging material, and is not particularly limited. In addition, the shape of the article is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a film shape, a bag shape, and shapes of various containers.
[0008]
The ion acceleration energy in the ion irradiation varies depending on the ion species and the material of the article, but may be about 200 eV to 100 keV, preferably about 200 eV to 10 keV. The ion irradiation amount also varies depending on the ion species, the material of the article, and the like, but is about 1 × 10 13 ions / cm 2 to 1 × 10 20 ions / cm 2 , and preferably 1 × 10 14 ions / cm 2 to 1 × 10 ions. It can be considered to be about 17 ions / cm 2 .
[0009]
As a combination of the ion acceleration energy and the ion irradiation amount, the ion acceleration energy is about 200 eV to 100 keV, and the ion irradiation amount is about 1 × 10 13 ions / cm 2 to 1 × 10 20 ions / cm 2 , and more preferably, the ion acceleration is The energy is about 200 eV to 10 keV, and the ion irradiation amount is about 1 × 10 14 ions / cm 2 to 1 × 10 17 ions / cm 2 .
[0010]
Such lower limits are set for the ion acceleration energy and the ion irradiation amount because the effect of ion irradiation cannot be sufficiently obtained with smaller values. If the value is larger, thermal damage to the article is increased, and the article is easily damaged such as blackening of the substrate.
According to the high gas barrier polymer article and the method for producing the same of the present invention, since the modified layer hardly allows gas such as oxygen gas, carbon dioxide gas, and water vapor to pass therethrough, the polymer article hardly allows these gases to pass as a whole. Is obtained. This is presumably because the modified layer changes the chemical bonding state, crystallinity, and orientation of the material of the article due to ion irradiation, and has a dense structure. The degree of gas barrier properties may be set to a desired value by appropriately selecting and adjusting the material and thickness of the article, the ion species, the ion irradiation energy, and the ion irradiation amount.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one example of the high gas barrier polymer article according to the present invention. Here, the polymer article S is a sheet-like substrate, and an inert gas (helium (He) gas, neon (Ne) gas, argon (Ar) gas, krypton (Kr) gas, xenon ( Xe) gas) , and has a reformed layer S1 formed by irradiating ions of at least one gas selected from hydrogen gas. Since the reformed layer S1 has a high gas barrier property, it has a high gas barrier property as a whole.
[0012]
FIG. 2 shows an ion irradiation apparatus that can be used for manufacturing the high gas barrier polymer article shown in FIG.
This apparatus has a vacuum vessel 1, a holder 2 for supporting a polymer article S to be processed is installed in the vessel 1, and an ion source 3 is installed at a position facing the holder 2. An ion current measuring device 4 is installed near the holder 2, and a shutter 5 is installed in front of the holder 2. Further, the container 1 is provided with an exhaust device 11 so that the inside of the container 1 can be kept at a predetermined degree of vacuum.
[0013]
In carrying out the method of the present invention using this apparatus, first, the article to be processed S is loaded into the container 1 using a transport device (not shown), and is supported by the holder 2, and then the container is operated by the exhaust device 11. The inside of 1 is set to a predetermined degree of vacuum. The shutter 5 is initially closed. Next, at least one kind of gas selected from an inert gas and a hydrogen gas is introduced into the ion source 3 to be ionized, and the ions are irradiated toward the holder 2, and the number of irradiated ions is measured by the ion current measuring device 4 during this time. I do. When the predetermined number of irradiated ions is obtained, the shutter 5 is opened to start irradiating the article S with the ions, and after irradiating for a predetermined time, the shutter 5 is further closed and the ion source 3 is stopped to stop the ion source 3. The irradiation ends.
[0014]
At this time, the ion acceleration energy is 200 eV to 100 keV, preferably 200 eV to 10 keV, and the ion irradiation dose is 1 × 10 13 ions / cm 2 to 1 × 10 20 ions / cm 2 , preferably 1 × 10 14 ions / cm 2. 11 × 10 17 ions / cm 2 .
In this way, as shown in FIG. 1, a polymer article S having a modified layer S1 on the surface by ion irradiation is obtained.
[0015]
Next, a specific example in which the high gas barrier polymer article shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured using the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
A film-shaped article S made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) having a thickness of 12 μm was carried into the container 1 and supported by the holder 2, and then the inside of the container 1 was evacuated to a degree of vacuum of 1 × 10 −4 Pa or less. The shutter 5 was closed. Next, an argon (Ar) gas was introduced into the ion source 3 for ionization, and the ions were irradiated toward the holder 2 at an acceleration energy of 1000 eV. Then, when the ion irradiation amount measured by the ion current measuring device 4 becomes 1 × 10 14 ions / cm 2 , the shutter 5 is opened to start Ar ion irradiation on the article S, and this is continued for 10 seconds. did. Thus, a high gas barrier polymer article S having a modified layer S1 on the surface portion by Ar ion irradiation was obtained. In addition, except that the ion irradiation dose was set to 1 × 10 15 ions / cm 2 , 1 × 10 16 ions / cm 2 or 5 × 10 16 ions / cm 2 , the same procedure was repeated except for the further three articles. Obtained.
[0016]
Next, for the high gas barrier polymer article obtained according to the embodiment of the present invention and the untreated polymer article before ion irradiation, the permeation amounts of oxygen gas and water vapor were measured by JIS K7126B method and JIS K7129B method, respectively. did.
Table 1 shows the results.
[0017]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003562065
[0018]
Further, in the above-described embodiment of the present invention, a high gas barrier polymer article obtained by changing the ion irradiation amount during Ar ion irradiation to 1 × 10 16 ions / cm 2 and changing the ion acceleration energy to 200 eV to 20 keV is also used. The oxygen gas permeation amount and the water vapor permeation amount were measured in the same manner.
Table 2 shows the results.
[0019]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003562065
[0020]
From these results, it can be seen that as the ion irradiation amount and the ion acceleration energy are increased within the above ranges, the obtained high gas barrier polymer article has higher barrier properties against oxygen gas and water vapor.
Next, in the embodiment of the present invention, a high gas barrier polymer article obtained with an ion acceleration energy of 1000 eV and an ion irradiation amount of 5 × 10 16 ions / cm 2 , and an article made of the same PET and having a film thickness of 50 nm The two silicon dioxide (Si 2 O 3 ) films formed by the vacuum deposition method were bent 50 times by a bending test (Gelbo test (ASTM-E-392-74)), and the oxygen gas and The water vapor transmission rate was measured in the same manner as described above.
[0021]
Table 3 shows the results.
[0022]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003562065
[0023]
As a result, the high gas barrier polymer article according to the example of the present invention maintained high barrier properties against oxygen gas and water vapor even after bending 50 times. It can be seen that the gas barrier properties significantly decreased due to the bending.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to provide a high gas barrier polymer article which is excellent in transparency and does not cause deterioration of gas barrier properties even when bent, and a method for producing the same.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of one example of a high gas barrier polymer article according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an ion irradiation apparatus that can be used for manufacturing the high gas barrier polymer article according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vacuum container 11 Exhaust device 2 Holder 3 Ion source 4 Ion current measuring device 5 Shutter S Polymer material article S1 Modified layer having gas barrier properties

Claims (6)

高分子材料からなる物品の表面部分に、ヘリウムガス、ネオンガス、アルゴンガス、クリプトンガス、キセノンガス、水素ガスから選ばれた少なくとも一種のガスのイオンを照射することで形成されたガスバリア性を有する改質層を有することを特徴とする高ガスバリア性高分子物品。A gas barrier property formed by irradiating the surface of an article made of a polymer material with ions of at least one gas selected from helium gas, neon gas, argon gas, krypton gas, xenon gas, and hydrogen gas. A high gas barrier polymer article having a porous layer . 前記イオン照射におけるイオン加速エネルギを200eV〜100keVとし、イオン照射量を1×1013ions/cm2 〜1×1020ions/cm2 とする請求項1記載の高ガスバリア性高分子物品。 2. The high gas barrier polymer article according to claim 1, wherein the ion acceleration energy in the ion irradiation is 200 eV to 100 keV, and the ion irradiation amount is 1 × 10 13 ions / cm 2 to 1 × 10 20 ions / cm 2 . 前記イオン照射におけるイオン加速エネルギを200eV〜10keVとし、イオン照射量を1×10The ion acceleration energy in the ion irradiation is 200 eV to 10 keV, and the ion irradiation amount is 1 × 10 1414 ions/cmions / cm 2 Two 〜1×10~ 1 × 10 1717 ions/cmions / cm 2 Two とする請求項1記載の高ガスバリア性高分子物品。The high gas barrier polymer article according to claim 1, wherein 高分子材料からなる物品の表面部分に、ヘリウムガス、ネオンガス、アルゴンガス、クリプトンガス、キセノンガス、水素ガスから選ばれた少なくとも一種のガスのイオンを照射してガスバリア性を有する改質層を形成することを特徴とする高ガスバリア性高分子物品の製造方法。A modified layer having gas barrier properties is formed by irradiating ions of at least one gas selected from helium gas, neon gas, argon gas, krypton gas, xenon gas, and hydrogen gas onto the surface of an article made of a polymer material. A method for producing a high gas barrier polymer article, comprising: 前記イオン照射におけるイオン加速エネルギを200eV〜100keVとし、イオン照射量を1×10The ion acceleration energy in the ion irradiation is 200 eV to 100 keV, and the ion irradiation amount is 1 × 10 1313 ions/cmions / cm 2 Two 〜1×10~ 1 × 10 2020 ions/cmions / cm 2 Two とする請求項4記載の高ガスバリア性高分子物品の製造方法。The method for producing a high gas barrier polymer article according to claim 4, wherein 前記イオン照射におけるイオン加速エネルギを200eV〜10keVとし、イオン照射量を1×10The ion acceleration energy in the ion irradiation is 200 eV to 10 keV, and the ion irradiation amount is 1 × 10 1414 ions/cmions / cm 2 Two 〜1×10~ 1 × 10 1717 ions/cmions / cm 2 Two とする請求項4記載の高ガスバリア性高分子物品の製造方法。The method for producing a high gas barrier polymer article according to claim 4, wherein
JP28132095A 1995-10-30 1995-10-30 High gas barrier polymer article and method for producing the same Expired - Fee Related JP3562065B2 (en)

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