JP3561297B2 - Pneumatic radial tire - Google Patents

Pneumatic radial tire Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3561297B2
JP3561297B2 JP20201594A JP20201594A JP3561297B2 JP 3561297 B2 JP3561297 B2 JP 3561297B2 JP 20201594 A JP20201594 A JP 20201594A JP 20201594 A JP20201594 A JP 20201594A JP 3561297 B2 JP3561297 B2 JP 3561297B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
sipe
sipes
tire
land
opening
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP20201594A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPH0858317A (en
Inventor
博司 中村
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toyo Tire Corp
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Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd filed Critical Toyo Tire and Rubber Co Ltd
Priority to JP20201594A priority Critical patent/JP3561297B2/en
Publication of JPH0858317A publication Critical patent/JPH0858317A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C11/00Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
    • B60C11/03Tread patterns
    • B60C11/12Tread patterns characterised by the use of narrow slits or incisions, e.g. sipes

Description

【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は空気入りラジアルタイヤ、特に重荷重用空気入りタイヤにおいて、一般良好路上における高速走行時のタイヤの耐偏摩耗性と耐ウェット性能の改善に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から空気入りラジアルタイヤは、リブパターンにせよブロックパターンにせよ、複数の縦溝によって区分された複数の周方向にのびる陸部において生じる偏摩耗、特に陸部の縦溝との隣接でその縦溝に沿って生じるリバーウェアを改善するために、耐湿潤路走行性の改善も含めて、横向きで踏面部と溝壁とにそれぞれ開口するサイプを、タイヤ周方向にわたって、間隔をおいて多数配列する構成がとられてきた。
【0003】
即ち、耐偏摩耗性と耐ウェット性を同時に改善するために、タイヤ幅方向に延びるサイプを溝壁に多数配列することによって、すべりによる摩擦エネルギーを小さくしてリブ或はブロックにおけるタイヤ幅方向端部の摩耗を防ぎ、サイプがない場合に発生することの多いタイヤ周方向に連なるいわゆるリバーウェアといわれる偏摩耗を防止し、陸部の幅方向端部の周方向すべりに対する抵抗を落し、追従性を高め、またサイプのエッジ効果によって湿潤路走行性能を確保した。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、耐偏摩耗性を確保するためにはこのサイプの間隔はかなり細かくする必要があるが、サイプの間隔をかなり細かくした場合、耐偏摩耗性は向上するものの、サイプ間の小領域における剛性が小さくなり過ぎ、サイプ間の小領域が摩耗耐久性を与えている陸部の面積としては有効に働かず、耐摩耗性が低下すると共に、外力に対して弱く、チッピングやカケ、クラックの発生原因となっていた。
【0005】
一方、耐ウェット性に対してはこの種のサイプは元来補助的なものであり、また陸部側面部の上部に形成されることが多いため摩耗の進行につれて機能し難くなる。一般に、耐ウェット性は、縦溝と横溝の断面積の大きさに基づく接地面からの排水性が重要な効果をもっているが、横溝が消滅したり、縦溝が浅くなって接地面からの排水性が小さくなると湿潤路走行性能も低下する。
【0006】
この発明の目的は、陸部の幅方向端部において生じる偏摩耗を防止すると共に、湿潤路走行性能の低下を防止することができる空気入りラジアルタイヤを提供する点にある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
偏摩耗の防止には前述の如く、サイプで囲まれた小領域における周方向へのすべりに対する追従性が重要な役割をなす。この偏摩耗はトレッドへの垂直負荷による陸部踏面部の幅方向の運動が周方向へのすべりに対する摩擦係数をその運動量に応じて下げるためにすべりが多くなり、即ち摩擦エネルギーが増大し、その端部が他よりも選択的に摩耗せしめられて生じるものである。
【0008】
従ってサイプ間隔は小さい程良い様に思えるが、サイプの間隔を従来の様に例えば5〜8mmの如くかなり細かくした場合、サイプ間の小領域における剛性が小さくなり過ぎ、サイプ間の小領域が摩耗耐久性を与えている陸部の面積としては有効に働かず、耐摩耗性が低下すると共に、外力に対して弱く、チッピングやカケ、クラックの発生原因となることは前述の通りである。
【0009】
しかるに、試験の結果によれば、サイプ間隔は、ある程度以下では偏摩耗抑制効果はそれ程変わらなくなることがわかった。これは路面の表面から伝えられる周方向力が、小領域のブロックについては6面中4面が陸部で固定されているから、表面の面積が小さい程下部にまで充分伝わらないためである。従って、この周方向力を下部にまで充分伝える様にすることが重要で、そのためにはサイプの下部で間隔を上部より小さくする必要があることが分かった。また湿潤路走行性能の低下も、従来サイプでは溝底部に近づくほど幅が小さくなることが多いから、溝深さの減少に相俟って一層顕著になる。
【0010】
上記の知見により、この発明は、タイヤ円周方向にほぼ直線状にのびる複数の縦溝によって区分される複数の陸部を有する空気入りタイヤにおいて、前記陸部側面部の溝壁に、陸部表面とその側面部に開口し当該陸部表面から溝底に向かって延びる上部サイプを間隔をおいて多数配置し、さらにこれらの上部サイプ間の領域内に、溝壁にその途中から開口し、当該開口上端部が該上部サイプ間の領域内に入り込み、その位置から溝底に向かって延びる下部サイプを多数配置する構成を採用した。
【0011】
上部サイプと下部サイプの溝壁における開口長さについては、特に限定されないが、それぞれ縦溝深さのほぼ1/2とすることが望ましい。これは、両者のサイプによるタイヤ特性をともにうまく引き出すためには、サイプの最大長さが溝深さ以下の範囲に限られている中では、長くとる方が有利だからである。
【0012】
下部サイプは、陸部側面部の溝壁において、当該開口上端部が上部サイプ間の領域内に入り込む構成であれば採用することができ、その意味では、下部サイプが上部サイプ間に交互に入り込む構成だけでなく、上部サイプ間の領域内に下部サイプが複数配置して入り込む構成でも採用することができる。
【0013】
下部サイプの奥行きも、特に限定されず、開口上端部と開口下端部側のいずれも同一としてもよいし、異ならしめても差支えない。但し、開口上端部程浅く開口下端部ほど深くすることが一層望ましい。
【0014】
【作用】
本発明によれば、陸部側面部の溝壁に、陸部表面と側面部に開口し当該陸部表面開口端から溝底に向かって延びる上部サイプを間隔をおいて多数配置し、さらにこれらの上部サイプ間の領域内に、溝壁にその途中から開口し、当該開口上端部が該上部サイプ間の領域内に入り込み、開口下端部が溝底に向かって延びる下部サイプを多数配置した空気入りラジアルタイヤであるので、上部サイプ間の領域内に入り込んだこの下部サイプの存在が、上部サイプと下部サイプの間で非連続的ではあるが重なりを生ぜしめ、その部分のサイプ間隔は小さくなり、また比較的表面に近い位置にあることもあり、このことにより、路面の表面からの周方向力が上部サイプによるブロックの底まで伝わりやすく、陸部周方向端の周方向への追従性が増大し、偏摩耗に対する抵抗が向上する。
【0015】
また、下部サイプの作用で、上部サイプの間隔を例えば上部サイプのみが設置されたときの寸法10〜15mm程度にとることができるので、上部サイプは従来の様に不必要にサイプ間隔を狭くする必要もないので、チッピングやカケ、クラックの発生も防止することができる。
【0016】
また摩耗の進行につれて下部サイプが表面に出現するために、摩耗終期に至るまで良好なウェット性能を発揮する。特に、下部サイプはその奥行を開口上端部程浅く開口下端部側ほど深くする構成を採用すると、摩耗進行期で幅の広いサイプが踏面部に漸次現れてウェット性能を確保する。また、上部サイプ間の領域内に下部サイプを多数配置して入り込む構成を採用しても、摩耗進行期でサイプの数が増えるため、良好なウェット性能を発揮する。
【0017】
なお、摩耗進行期で、上部サイプと下部サイプが同時に踏面部表面に出現する際は、サイプ間隔が小さくなるが、この時期では、すでに縦溝や横溝の溝深さも浅くなっているため、サイプ間の小領域においてチッピングやカケ等が生じることも少ない。
【0018】
【実施例】
図1はこの発明に係る空気入りラジアルタイヤの一実施例を示すトレッド部の概略パターン図、図2は同要部拡大斜視図である。
【0019】
図において、1はタイヤ踏面部2において円周方向にほぼ直線状にのびる複数の縦溝、3は縦溝1、1によって区分される陸部、4は陸部3の側面部を構成する溝壁である。また5はショルダー接地端、6は溝底、TCはタイヤセンター、SIはサイプ間隔を示している。なお、1aはセンター側縦溝、1bはショルダー側縦溝である。
【0020】
7は陸部3側面部の溝壁4に形成した上部サイプである。上部サイプ7は、陸部3表面と側面部の溝壁4にそれぞれ開口し当該陸部3の開口端8から溝底6に向かって延びており、タイヤ周方向に間隔をおいて多数配置されている。
【0021】
9は溝壁4の途中から開口する様に形成された下部サイプである。下部サイプ9はその開口上端部9aが上部サイプ7、7間の領域10内に入り込んでおり、開口下端部9bが溝底6に向かって延びている。本実施例では、図示のとおり、下部サイプ9の奥行きを開口上端部9a側ほど浅く開口下端部9b側ほど深くしている。図3は溝壁4における上部サイプ7と下部サイプ9の配置状態を示す本実施例の概念図であり、本実施例では、同図に示す様に、上部サイプ7と下部サイプ9がタイヤ周方向に1本ずつ交互に繰り返す配置状態となっており、溝壁4の途中で、非連続的ではあるが、いわば重なり部11をなしている。
【0022】
図4はこの発明に係る空気入りラジアルタイヤの他実施例を示すトレッド部の要部拡大斜視図、図5は同溝壁における上部サイプ7と下部サイプ9の配置状態を示す概念図である。この実施例では、複数の下部サイプ9の開口上端部9aが上部サイプ7、7間の領域10内に入り込んでいるものである。また、下部サイプ9の奥行きは、前記実施例と同様に、開口上端部9a側ほど浅く開口下端部9b側ほど深くしている。
【0023】
次に、図1に示す表面形状を有し、表1に示す条件のサイプを陸部に形成したタイヤサイズ10.00R20 14PR、リムサイズ7.00×20、内圧
7.5〜8Kg/cmであるラジアルタイヤを試作し、これをトラックの前輪に装着して、定積の90〜100%荷重条件下で舗装率100%の良路を走行させ、耐偏摩耗性能及びウェット性能を評価した。また比較のため、上部サイプのみが形成された従来タイヤについても評価した。表中のサイプの設計条件は、表1の概略図に掲げる図8〜図10に示した通りである。図8〜図10中、寸法の単位はmmである。なお、図9と図10において、上部サイプ7及び下部サイプ9の溝壁開口部における長さは、各々、溝深さの1/2+サイプの重なりの1/2にとってある。
【0024】
表中、サイプの型式で1段式とは上部サイプのみ形成のタイヤであり、2段式とは上部サイプ及び下部サイプを有する本発明のタイヤを示している。なお、いずれのタイヤも4本縦溝のリブパターンのタイヤであり、また実施例1〜3タイヤは上部サイプと下部サイプが交互に配列したタイヤ、実施例4は上部サイプ間に下部サイプが2本形成された図4に示すタイヤ、実施例5は下部サイプの奥行が上端と下端とで同じ奥行のタイヤである。
【0025】
耐偏摩耗性能は、5万Km走行後の車両前輪装着タイヤについて、図6に示す様に、偏摩耗幅bと偏摩耗深さhの積で表される偏摩耗量Sを測定し、比較例1の偏摩耗量Sを100として指数表示している。指数値が小さいほど耐偏摩耗性が良好であることを示す。なお図7は上部サイプのみ形成した比較例タイヤについて(比較例1及び2を含む)、耐偏摩耗性をサイプ間隔との関係において示している。
【0026】
ウェット性能、すなわち湿潤路走行性能は、陸部が縦溝の深さの60%摩耗時点で、湿潤路を速度40km/hで走行し、急制動したときの停車までの距離(制動距離)を比較例1を100として指数表示した。表1にその結果を示す。指数値が小さいほど湿潤路走行性能が良好であることを示している。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 0003561297
【0028】
図7より、上部サイプのみ形成したタイヤの場合、サイプ間隔が11.3mm以上では効果が小さいが、一方で10mm以下にサイプ間隔を設定しても耐偏摩耗性の効果はさほど変わらないことが認められた。むしろ、サイプ間隔が狭くなるに伴い、チッピングやカケ、クラックが発生していた(比較例2)。
【0029】
これに対して上部サイプと下部サイプを形成した本実施例タイヤの場合では、表1に示す様に、耐偏摩耗性能に改善がみられ、しかもチッピングやカケ、クラックの発生がみられなかった。
【0030】
また表1より、比較例1に比して実施例タイヤはウェット性能の改善が認められる。またサイプの重なりの寸法が大きくなる程ウェット性能が向上している。また上部サイプ間に下部サイプが2本形成された実施例4のタイヤでは、サイプ間隔がほぼ同じ実施例1に比較して少し劣るも、比較例1に対し優れた性能を示している。
【0031】
また下部サイプの奥行を上端より下端の方で深くした場合、サイプ配列が同一であり、下部サイプの上端の奥行が同一である実施例5のタイヤに比して実施例3のタイヤは偏摩耗、湿潤路走行性能とも良好である。
【0032】
ところで、この発明は上記も実施例に限定されるものではない。例えば上記実施例はリブパターンのタイヤであるが、横溝を有するブロックパターンであっても適用可能である。また下部サイプの配置も必ずしも上部サイプ間の領域の中間である必要はなく、一方の上部サイプの方に偏って配置しても差支えない。またこの種のサイプは、上記実施例ではタイヤ踏面部のすべての陸部側面部の溝壁にに形成しているが、一部の陸部側面部の溝壁でもよい。好ましくは、偏摩耗の発生しやすいショルダー側の陸部側面部の溝壁に形成することが適切である。
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上通り、この発明は、陸部側面部の溝壁に、陸部表面と側面部に開口し当該陸部表面から溝底に向かって延びる上部サイプを間隔をおいて多数配置し、さらにこれらの上部サイプ間の領域内に、溝壁にその途中から開口し、当該開口上端部が該上部サイプ間の領域内に入り込み、その位置から溝底に向かって延びる下部サイプを多数配置した空気入りラジアルタイヤであるので、陸部表面のタイヤ回転軸方向両端において生じる偏摩耗、特にリバーウェアを有効に防止することができ、しかも湿潤路走行性能も向上することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明に係る空気入りラジアルタイヤの一実施例を示すトレッド部の概略パターン図である。
【図2】同要部拡大斜視図である。
【図3】同上部サイプと下部サイプの配置状態を示す概念図である。
【図4】この発明に係る空気入りラジアルタイヤの他実施例を示すトレッド部の要部拡大斜視図である。
【図5】同上部サイプと下部サイプの配置状態を示す概念図である。
【図6】偏摩耗状態を示す要部拡大斜視図である。
【図7】偏摩耗指数とサイプ間隔との関係を示す関係図である。
【図8】従来のサイプを有する要部概略拡大斜視図である。
【図9】上部サイプと下部サイプが交互に繰り返す本発明に係る実施例のサイプを有する要部概略拡大斜視図である。
【図10】上部サイプ間に2本の下部サイプが形成された本発明に係る他実施例のサイプを有する要部概略拡大斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 縦溝
1a センター側縦溝
1b ショルダー側縦溝
2 タイヤ踏面部
3 陸部
4 溝壁
5 ショルダー接地端
6 溝底
7 上部サイプ
8 側面部開口端
9 下部サイプ
9a 開口上端部
9b 開口下端部
10 領域
11 重なり部[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an improvement in uneven wear resistance and wet resistance of a pneumatic radial tire, particularly a heavy-load pneumatic tire, at high speed running on a generally good road.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a pneumatic radial tire, whether a rib pattern or a block pattern, has uneven wear caused in a plurality of circumferentially extending land portions divided by a plurality of vertical grooves, particularly in the vicinity of a land portion adjacent to a vertical groove. In order to improve the riverware that occurs along the grooves, a large number of sipes that open sideways to the tread and groove walls are arranged at intervals along the tire circumferential direction, including improvement in wet road resistance. Has been adopted.
[0003]
That is, in order to simultaneously improve uneven wear resistance and wet resistance, a large number of sipes extending in the tire width direction are arranged on the groove wall, so that frictional energy due to slip is reduced and the end of the rib or block in the tire width direction is reduced. Prevents uneven wear, preventing so-called river wear, which often occurs in the tire circumferential direction when there is no sipe, and reduces resistance to circumferential slip at the end of the land in the width direction and follows And sipe edge effect to ensure wet road running performance.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to ensure uneven wear resistance, the sipe spacing needs to be considerably small.If the sipe spacing is significantly reduced, uneven wear resistance is improved, but rigidity in a small area between sipe is improved. Is too small and the small area between sipes does not work effectively as an area of the land where wear resistance is given, and the wear resistance is reduced, and it is weak against external force, causing chipping, chipping and cracking Was the cause.
[0005]
On the other hand, with regard to wet resistance, this type of sipe is originally auxiliary, and is often formed on the upper part of the side surface of the land, so that it becomes difficult to function as wear progresses. In general, drainage from the tread based on the size of the cross-sectional area of the vertical and horizontal grooves has an important effect on wet resistance, but drainage from the tread due to disappearance of the horizontal grooves and shallow vertical grooves. When the performance is reduced, the wet road running performance also decreases.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic radial tire that can prevent uneven wear occurring at an end portion in a width direction of a land portion and prevent deterioration of wet road running performance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As described above, the ability to follow the circumferential slip in a small area surrounded by the sipe plays an important role in preventing uneven wear. This uneven wear increases slip because the widthwise movement of the land tread portion due to the vertical load on the tread lowers the coefficient of friction against circumferential slip according to the momentum, that is, the slip energy increases, It results from the edges being worn more selectively than others.
[0008]
Therefore, the smaller the sipe interval seems to be better, but if the sipe interval is considerably reduced as in the past, for example, 5 to 8 mm, the rigidity in the small area between the sipe becomes too small, and the small area between the sipe becomes worn. As described above, it does not work effectively as the area of the land portion providing durability, reduces wear resistance, is weak against external force, and causes chipping, chipping, and cracking.
[0009]
However, according to the test results, it was found that the uneven wear suppressing effect did not change so much when the sipe interval was less than a certain level. This is because the circumferential force transmitted from the surface of the road surface is not sufficiently transmitted to the lower portion as the surface area is smaller because four out of six surfaces of the small area block are fixed at the land portion. Therefore, it was important to sufficiently transmit this circumferential force to the lower part, and it was found that the spacing at the lower part of the sipe had to be smaller than that at the upper part. Also, the decrease in wet road running performance becomes more remarkable in conjunction with the decrease in the groove depth because the width of the conventional sipes becomes smaller as it approaches the groove bottom.
[0010]
According to the above findings, the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire having a plurality of land portions divided by a plurality of longitudinal grooves extending substantially linearly in the tire circumferential direction, wherein a land wall is provided on a groove wall of the land portion side portion. A large number of upper sipes that are open to the surface and the side surface thereof and extend from the land surface to the groove bottom are arranged at intervals, and further, in an area between these upper sipes, open to the groove wall from the middle thereof, A configuration is adopted in which the upper end of the opening enters the region between the upper sipes, and a number of lower sipes extending from the position toward the groove bottom are arranged.
[0011]
The lengths of the openings in the groove walls of the upper sipe and the lower sipe are not particularly limited, but are preferably set to approximately ほ ぼ of the vertical groove depth. This is because, in order to effectively bring out the tire characteristics of both sipes, it is advantageous to increase the length, as long as the maximum length of the sipe is limited to the range not more than the groove depth.
[0012]
The lower sipe can be adopted as long as the upper end of the opening enters the region between the upper sipe in the groove wall of the land side surface, and in that sense, the lower sipe alternately enters between the upper sipe. Not only the configuration, but also a configuration in which a plurality of lower sipes are arranged and inserted into a region between the upper sipes can be adopted.
[0013]
The depth of the lower sipe is not particularly limited either. Both the upper end of the opening and the lower end of the opening may be the same or may be different. However, it is more desirable to make it shallower toward the upper end of the opening and deeper toward the lower end of the opening.
[0014]
[Action]
According to the present invention, on the groove wall of the land side surface portion, a large number of upper sipes that are open to the land surface and the side surface portion and extend from the land surface surface open end toward the groove bottom are arranged at intervals, and furthermore, In the area between the upper sipe, the air in which a large number of lower sipe are arranged in the groove wall, the upper end of the opening enters the area between the upper sipe, and the lower end of the opening extends toward the groove bottom. Because it is a radial tire, the presence of this lower sipe in the area between the upper sipe causes a discontinuous but overlapping overlap between the upper sipe and the lower sipe, which reduces the sipe spacing in that area. In addition, there is also a position relatively close to the surface, which makes it easier for the circumferential force from the road surface to be transmitted to the bottom of the block by the upper sipe, and the followability in the circumferential direction of the land circumferential end is improved. Increase, Resistance to abrasion is improved.
[0015]
In addition, by the action of the lower sipe, the interval between the upper sipe can be set to, for example, about 10 to 15 mm when only the upper sipe is installed. Therefore, the upper sipe unnecessarily narrows the sipe interval as in the related art. Since there is no need, generation of chipping, chipping, and cracking can be prevented.
[0016]
In addition, since the lower sipe appears on the surface as wear progresses, good wet performance is exhibited until the end of wear. In particular, if the lower sipe is configured such that its depth is shallower toward the upper end of the opening and deeper toward the lower end of the opening, a wide sipe gradually appears on the tread surface during the advancing wear period to secure wet performance. Further, even if a configuration in which a number of lower sipes are arranged and inserted into the region between the upper sipes is adopted, the number of sipes increases in the advanced wear period, so that good wet performance is exhibited.
[0017]
When the upper sipe and the lower sipe appear on the tread surface at the same time during the progress of wear, the sipe interval becomes smaller, but at this time, the depth of the vertical and horizontal grooves is already small, so the sipe Chipping, chipping, and the like are less likely to occur in a small area between them.
[0018]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a schematic pattern diagram of a tread portion showing an embodiment of a pneumatic radial tire according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the essential portion.
[0019]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a plurality of longitudinal grooves extending substantially linearly in the circumferential direction on the tire tread portion 2, reference numeral 3 denotes a land portion divided by the longitudinal grooves 1, 1 and reference numeral 4 denotes a groove constituting a side surface portion of the land portion 3. Wall. Reference numeral 5 denotes a shoulder contact end, 6 denotes a groove bottom, TC denotes a tire center, and SI denotes a sipe interval. In addition, 1a is a center side vertical groove, 1b is a shoulder side vertical groove.
[0020]
Reference numeral 7 denotes an upper sipe formed on the groove wall 4 on the side surface of the land 3. The upper sipe 7 is opened on the surface of the land portion 3 and the groove wall 4 of the side surface portion, and extends from the opening end 8 of the land portion 3 toward the groove bottom 6, and is arranged in large numbers at intervals in the tire circumferential direction. ing.
[0021]
9 is a lower sipe formed so as to open from the middle of the groove wall 4. The lower sipe 9 has an upper end 9a of the opening entering the region 10 between the upper sipe 7, 7 and a lower end 9b of the opening extends toward the groove bottom 6. In this embodiment, as shown, the depth of the lower sipe 9 is shallower toward the upper end 9a of the opening and deeper toward the lower end 9b of the opening. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of the present embodiment showing the arrangement of the upper sipe 7 and the lower sipe 9 in the groove wall 4. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The arrangement is repeated alternately one by one in the direction. In the middle of the groove wall 4, a discontinuous but overlapping part 11 is formed.
[0022]
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a tread portion showing another embodiment of the pneumatic radial tire according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an arrangement state of an upper sipe 7 and a lower sipe 9 on the groove wall. In this embodiment, the upper ends 9a of the openings of the plurality of lower sipes 9 enter the region 10 between the upper sipes 7,7. The depth of the lower sipe 9 is shallower toward the upper end 9a of the opening and deeper toward the lower end 9b, as in the previous embodiment.
[0023]
Next, a sipe having the surface shape shown in FIG. 1 and a sipe under the conditions shown in Table 1 was formed on the land portion at a tire size of 10.00R20 14PR, a rim size of 7.00 × 20, and an internal pressure of 7.5 to 8 kg / cm 2 . A prototype radial tire was mounted on the front wheel of a truck, and was run on a good road with a pavement ratio of 100% under a constant load of 90 to 100% to evaluate the uneven wear resistance and wet performance. For comparison, a conventional tire having only the upper sipe was also evaluated. The design conditions of the sipes in the table are as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the unit of the dimension is mm. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the lengths of the upper sipe 7 and the lower sipe 9 at the groove wall openings are each に と っ て of the groove depth + 1 / of the overlap of the sipe.
[0024]
In the table, the single-stage type indicates a tire having only an upper sipe, and the two-stage type indicates a tire of the present invention having an upper sipe and a lower sipe. Each of the tires was a tire having a rib pattern of four longitudinal grooves, Examples 1 to 3 were tires in which upper sipe and lower sipe were alternately arranged, and Example 4 had two lower sipe between upper sipe. The tire formed as shown in FIG. 4 and Example 5 is a tire in which the lower sipe has the same depth at the upper end and the lower end.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 6, the uneven wear resistance was measured by measuring the uneven wear amount S expressed by the product of the uneven wear width b and the uneven wear depth h of the tire mounted on the front wheel of the vehicle after traveling 50,000 km. The uneven wear amount S of Example 1 is shown as an index with 100 being set. The smaller the index value, the better the uneven wear resistance. FIG. 7 shows the uneven wear resistance of the comparative tire in which only the upper sipe was formed (including Comparative Examples 1 and 2) in relation to the sipe interval.
[0026]
The wet performance, that is, wet road running performance, is the distance to the stop (braking distance) when the land portion travels on a wet road at a speed of 40 km / h at the time of wear of 60% of the depth of the flute and suddenly brakes. The index was indicated as an index with Comparative Example 1 being 100. Table 1 shows the results. The smaller the index value, the better the wet road running performance.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003561297
[0028]
According to FIG. 7, in the case of a tire formed only with the upper sipe, the effect is small when the sipe interval is 11.3 mm or more, but the effect of uneven wear resistance is not significantly changed even when the sipe interval is set to 10 mm or less. Admitted. Rather, chipping, chipping, and cracking occurred as the sipe interval became narrower (Comparative Example 2).
[0029]
On the other hand, in the case of the tire of the present example having the upper sipe and the lower sipe, as shown in Table 1, the uneven wear resistance was improved, and no chipping, chipping, or cracking was observed. .
[0030]
In addition, from Table 1, it is recognized that the tire of the example has an improved wet performance as compared with the tire of the comparative example 1. In addition, the wet performance is improved as the size of the sipe overlap increases. Further, the tire of Example 4 in which two lower sipes were formed between the upper sipes showed slightly superior performance to that of Comparative Example 1 although slightly inferior to Example 1 in which the sipe intervals were almost the same.
[0031]
When the depth of the lower sipe is made deeper at the lower end than at the upper end, the tire of Example 3 has uneven wear compared to the tire of Example 5 in which the sipe arrangement is the same and the depth of the upper end of the lower sipe is the same. And wet road running performance.
[0032]
Incidentally, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, the above-described embodiment is a tire having a rib pattern, but may be applied to a block pattern having a lateral groove. Also, the lower sipe need not necessarily be located in the middle of the region between the upper sipe, and may be biased toward one upper sipe. In addition, in this embodiment, the sipe of this type is formed on the groove walls of all the land side surface portions of the tire tread portion, but may be formed on some of the land side surface groove walls. Preferably, it is appropriate to form it on the groove wall of the land side surface portion on the shoulder side where uneven wear easily occurs.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention arranges a large number of upper sipes, which are open to the land surface and the side surface and extend from the land surface to the groove bottom, at intervals on the groove wall of the land side surface, and furthermore, A pneumatic radial in which a plurality of lower sipes are arranged in the region between the upper sipes, and the upper end of the opening enters the region between the upper sipes and extends from the position toward the groove bottom. Since it is a tire, uneven wear, particularly river wear, occurring at both ends of the land portion surface in the tire rotation axis direction can be effectively prevented, and the wet road running performance can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic pattern diagram of a tread portion showing one embodiment of a pneumatic radial tire according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of the main part.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing an arrangement state of an upper sipe and a lower sipe.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of a tread portion showing another embodiment of the pneumatic radial tire according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an arrangement state of an upper sipe and a lower sipe.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part showing an uneven wear state.
FIG. 7 is a relationship diagram showing a relationship between an uneven wear index and a sipe interval.
FIG. 8 is a schematic enlarged perspective view of a main part having a conventional sipe.
FIG. 9 is a schematic enlarged perspective view of a main part having a sipe according to an embodiment of the present invention in which an upper sipe and a lower sipe are alternately repeated.
FIG. 10 is a schematic enlarged perspective view of a main part having a sipe according to another embodiment of the present invention in which two lower sipes are formed between upper sipes.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical groove 1a Center side vertical groove 1b Shoulder side vertical groove 2 Tire tread part 3 Land part 4 Groove wall 5 Shoulder grounding end 6 Groove bottom 7 Upper sipes 8 Side opening end 9 Lower sipes 9a Opening upper end 9b Opening lower end 10 Area 11 Overlap

Claims (2)

タイヤ円周方向に直線状にのびる複数の縦溝によって区分される複数の陸部を有する空気入りタイヤにおいて、前記陸部側面部の溝壁に、陸部表面と側面部に開口し当該陸部表面の開口端から溝底に向かって延びる上部サイプを間隔をおいて多数配置し、さらにこれらの上部サイプ間の領域内に、溝壁にその途中から開口し、当該開口上端部が該上部サイプ間の領域内に入り込み、開口下端部が溝底に向かって延びる下部サイプを多数配置したことを特徴とする空気入りラジアルタイヤ。A plurality of pneumatic tire having a land portion is divided by a plurality of longitudinal grooves extending in a straight line shape in the tire circumferential direction, a groove wall of the land portion side surface portion, the opening and the land on the side portion land portion surface A large number of upper sipes extending from the open end of the part surface toward the groove bottom are arranged at intervals, and further, in the region between these upper sipes, an opening is formed in the groove wall from the middle thereof, and the upper end of the opening is the upper part of the upper part. A pneumatic radial tire, wherein a number of lower sipes are disposed in a region between sipes and an opening lower end extends toward a groove bottom. 下部サイプの奥行きが開口上端部ほど浅く開口下端部ほど深くした請求項1記載の空気入りラジアルタイヤ。A pneumatic radial tire according to claim 1 Symbol placement depth of the lower sipe is deep as shallow open bottom end the more open top end.
JP20201594A 1994-08-26 1994-08-26 Pneumatic radial tire Expired - Fee Related JP3561297B2 (en)

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JP2000309207A (en) * 1999-04-26 2000-11-07 Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd Pneumatic tire
FR2805215B1 (en) 2000-02-17 2002-10-25 Michelin Soc Tech TIRE TREAD AND MOLD SCULPTURE
JP4157346B2 (en) * 2002-09-11 2008-10-01 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP5109459B2 (en) * 2007-04-26 2012-12-26 横浜ゴム株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP5098485B2 (en) * 2007-07-25 2012-12-12 横浜ゴム株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP4748810B2 (en) * 2007-09-05 2011-08-17 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP4711314B2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2011-06-29 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP4812039B2 (en) * 2007-10-01 2011-11-09 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
JP4496254B2 (en) * 2008-01-15 2010-07-07 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 Pneumatic tire
EP2679409B1 (en) * 2011-02-25 2018-05-02 Kabushiki Kaisha Bridgestone Pneumatic tire
JP5902506B2 (en) * 2011-02-25 2016-04-13 株式会社ブリヂストン Pneumatic tire
JP5797914B2 (en) * 2011-03-16 2015-10-21 株式会社ブリヂストン Pneumatic tire
JP2019093916A (en) * 2017-11-22 2019-06-20 Toyo Tire株式会社 Pneumatic tire
KR102326889B1 (en) * 2020-03-30 2021-11-17 넥센타이어 주식회사 Pneumatic vehicle tire

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