JP3556156B2 - Piping laying method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pipe laying method, and more particularly, to a so-called turning method of connecting a bypass pipe or a new pipe to an existing pipe.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a bypass pipe or a new pipe is provided in the middle of an existing pipe through which a fluid such as gas flows, an opening for branching and taking out is provided in the existing pipe to which the pipes are connected.
Conventionally, when an opening for taking out a branch (hereinafter, referred to as a branch opening) is formed in an existing pipeline, for example, when a branch opening is formed on the upper peripheral surface of an existing pipeline, the branch opening is formed at a branch opening formation position. A split joint is mounted, an adapter for mounting a drilling machine is attached to the split joint, and the drilling machine is set on the adapter. When the drilling machine is set, the hole saw is advanced toward the branch opening to perform drilling.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a type of branch extraction, there is a branch having the same area in addition to a branch having a smaller diameter than the existing pipeline. The latter branch having the same area is a type in which a branch opening having the same area as the diameter of the existing pipeline is perforated in order to make the flow rate of the existing pipeline equal to that of the branch side.
In the case of branching in the same area, the drilling method differs depending on the material of the existing pipeline. When a polyethylene pipe or the like is used, it is possible to use a drilling machine having a single hole saw that can form a branch opening having the same diameter as the existing pipeline. This is because, in the case of a polyethylene pipe, the branch joint and the existing pipeline can be fused, and it is sufficient that there is a margin for fusion.
However, when the existing pipeline is a metal pipe such as a cast iron pipe, a drilling machine having a hole saw having the above-mentioned diameter cannot be used by regulation. For this reason, in order to provide a branch opening having an area corresponding to the diameter of the existing pipeline, it is necessary to form a plurality of openings in the laying direction of the existing pipeline using a drilling machine having a hole saw having a size smaller than the diameter. Or, in order to pierce with a hole saw having the same diameter, the joints between the joints attached to the branch opening forming position and the pipe axial end face of the joint and the peripheral surface of the existing pipeline are welded to each other and the joint. And the existing pipeline are integrated with each other to maintain the strength of the tubular body and prevent leakage from the inside.
In the latter method, it is necessary not only to move the drilling adapter equipped with the drilling machine in the laying direction of the existing pipeline according to the drilling position, but also to make the work to match the drilling position in the laying direction. Become. For this reason, the number of man-hours including the attachment and detachment of the perforated adapter is increased. Further, since it is necessary to weld the joint, a nondestructive inspection is also required in addition to the welding work, so that the number of working steps cannot be denied, which may lead to an increase in processing cost.
When a bypass pipe or a new pipe is formed by using a branch pipe, the flow may be performed without stopping the flow of fluid such as gas flowing in the existing pipe. For this reason, when connecting the branch pipes, the gas is usually supplied until both ends of the cutoff section of the existing pipe line corresponding to the section where the bypass pipe and the new pipe line are laid, including drilling work, are cut off. It is important that leakage does not occur. However, as described above, even when the joint portion provided for attaching the drilling machine and the existing pipeline are integrated by welding to seal the inside, replacement work such as removal and attachment of the drilling adapter is performed. In this case, even if strict attention is paid, if the perforated adapter is released from the peripheral surface of the existing pipeline, it becomes difficult to prevent the gas from leaking from the released portion.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a drilling operation without moving an adapter used for drilling in the direction in which an existing pipeline is laid, in view of the above-described problem in forming a conventional branch opening. An object of the present invention is to provide a pipe laying method capable of reliably preventing leakage during work.
[0005]
In order to achieve this object, an invention according to claim 1 is a sheet material feeding device used for feeding out a sheet material stored in a cassette, wherein the sheet material feeding device is capable of abutting against the sheet material and in a feeding direction. A rotatable roller, a rotatable rotating shaft in which the roller is mounted at the center in the axial direction, and driving means for driving the rotating shaft located at an end side of the roller in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The rotation shaft is made of resin, and the vicinity of both ends of the roller and the vicinity of the driving means are supported by a support member in the axial direction, and the support member is provided at least on the sheet material side in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft. It is characterized in that it has a bearing surface at a position where it can receive a pressure acting from the shaft.
[0006]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the pipe laying method according to the first aspect, a fluid flowing in the existing pipeline among the branch outlet side shutter devices to which pipelines other than the existing pipeline are connected. This is characterized in that the shutter device located on the upstream side in the flow direction is opened after grinding, so that the purging fluid flows into a pipe other than the existing pipe.
[0008]
According to a third aspect of the invention, the pipe laying method according to claim 1, upper Symbol blocking device is characterized in that it is leaving or removable to the existing conduit.
[0009]
In the first aspect of the present invention, since the shutter device in each of the branch outlets are provided, the leakage at the time of replacement of the various working devices are minimized.
In addition, since the drilling device can be displaceably supported in the pipe laying direction and the circumferential direction in the drilling adapter attached to the branch outlet, it is necessary to repeatedly move the drilling device when forming an opening smaller than the diameter. There is no, thereby reducing the number of work steps.
In addition, the perforated branch opening is used as an introduction port of the grinding device and the blocking device. In particular, the support rod of the bag used as the blocking device abuts against the inner edge of the branch opening, so that in addition to positioning, the bag holding and holding portion can be used. Therefore, the bag can be supported by the support rod of the bag itself.
[0010]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, by opening and closing the shutter device provided in the drilling adapter, the purging fluid can be poured into a pipe other than the existing pipe, so that the existing pipe can be installed separately from the existing pipe. There is no need to configure a conduit for guiding the fluid for purging to a conduit other than the conduit.
[0012]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the shutoff device can be either left or taken out of the existing pipeline, if it is left, it can function as a sector valve in the existing pipeline. It is no longer necessary to prepare the above, so that the cost can be reduced.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the illustrated examples.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a state in which a branch portion forming adapter corresponding to a perforated adapter used in a pipe laying method according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on an existing pipeline.
In the figure, the branch portion forming adapter 1 has a size that can cover the entire circumferential direction of the existing pipeline 2 and can form a closed space S with the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipeline 2 in the covered state. The upper frame 1A and the lower frame 1A 'having a symmetrical structure that is divided into two parts in the circumferential direction with a diameter passing through the center of the cross section of the existing pipeline 2 as a boundary.
In the upper frame 1A and the lower frame 1A 'constituting the branch portion forming adapter 1, the flanges 1A1 and 1A1' provided on the dividing surface are joined together by fastening or the like (for convenience, the fastening points are shown by dashed lines in FIG. 1). ) To be integrated and attached to the existing pipeline 2. As a result, since the branch portion forming adapter 1 is assembled only by fastening the upper and lower frames 1A and 1A ', unlike the welding operation, the number of steps is reduced and a special process such as a non-destructive inspection is not required. Can be.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, the branch portion forming adapter 1 mounted on the existing pipeline 2 has an annular convex portion 2A formed on the existing pipeline 2 in advance formed on the upper frame 1A and the lower frame 1A ′. By being fitted into the recess, the existing pipeline 2 is mounted in a state where movement in the laying direction is prevented.
[0015]
The upper frame 1A and the lower frame 1A 'of the branch portion forming adapter 1 are integrally provided with branch outlets 1A2 and 1A2' having an opening communicating with the closed space S. Further, the branch outlet 1A2 The shutter devices 3 and 3 'that can open and close the openings are provided closer to the closed space S than the openings 1A2'.
The shutter devices 3 and 3 'include a sealing box member 3A and 3A' attached to the inner surfaces of the upper frame 1A and the lower frame 1A ', and a sliding rod inserted through the walls of the sealing box members 3A and 3A'. 3B, 3B 'and shutter bodies 3C, 3C' attached to one axial end of the sliding rods 3B, 3B '.
The sealing box members 3A, 3A 'are members for shielding the openings of the branch outlets 1A2, 1A2' and the closed space S. The position facing the branch outlets 1A2, 1A2 'is the same as the closed space S. Communication openings 3A1 and 3A1 'are formed to communicate with the outlets 1A2 and 1A2'.
The sliding rods 3B, 3B 'are such that one end in the axial direction is located within the sealing box members 3A, 3A' with respect to the walls of the sealing box members 3A, 3A ', and the other end in the axial direction is the upper frame 1A, It penetrates the wall of the lower frame 1A 'and projects outside.
[0016]
The shutter bodies 3C, 3C 'are provided at one axial end of sliding rods 3B, 3B' located in the sealing box members 3A, 3A '. That is, the shutter bodies 3C and 3C 'open and close the communication openings 3A1 and 3A1' formed on the bottom surfaces of the sealing box members 3A and 3A 'to open the closed space S and the branch outlets 1A2 and 1A2'. A member for controlling the state of communication between the sliding rods 3B and 3B 'in accordance with the rotation direction of the sliding rods 3B and 3B' by fastening one end of the sliding rods 3B and 3B 'in the axial direction. The communication openings 3A1 and 3A1 'are opened and closed according to the movement direction to switch the communication between the closed space S and the branch outlets 1A2 and 1A2'. I have.
[0017]
As will be described later, the shutter body 3C has a size that can cover the branch opening on the existing pipeline 2 side that is exposed from the communication openings 3A1 and 3A1 ′.
The branch openings exposed from the communication openings 3A1 and 3A1 'are configured such that those having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the existing pipeline 2 are continuously formed in the circumferential direction and the laying direction, and the shutter bodies 3C and 3C'. Is designed to cover a plurality of branch openings formed in the existing pipeline 2 so that communication between the closed space S and the branch outlets 1A2, 1A2 'can be cut off.
[0018]
In order to form the branch opening P1 with respect to the peripheral surface of the existing pipeline 2, a punching device 4 (see FIG. 4) can be attached to the branch outlet 1A2 of the upper frame 1A.
In FIG. 4, a punching device 4 is a device that is detachably provided at the opening end of the branch outlet 1A2 through fastening or the like, and can form a branch opening having an inner diameter that is half the diameter of the existing pipeline 2. It has a hole saw 4A. The hole saw 4 </ b> A can advance and retreat in the radial direction of the existing pipeline 2 via a feed mechanism (not shown), and can form a branch opening by advancing toward the existing pipeline 2.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a bypass pipe corresponding to a pipe other than the existing pipe 2 (for convenience, (Indicated by the symbol B) is laid between both ends of the cutoff section of the existing pipeline 2. In FIG. 3, since the bypass pipe B is not yet connected, the existence of the bypass pipe B is indicated by a two-dot chain line.
(1) The branch portion forming adapter 1 is provided at both ends of the cutoff section of the existing pipeline 2, that is, at a position where a branch opening for connecting the bypass pipe B is formed.
The branch portion forming adapter 1 forms an enclosed space S (see FIGS. 1 and 2) inside by covering the outer circumference of the existing pipeline 2 by fastening the upper frame 1A and the lower frame 1A '.
FIG. 3 shows this state. At this time, the shutter device 3 (for convenience, in the drawings used in the following description, the shutter main body 3C shown in FIG. 2 is denoted by reference numeral 3 as a shutter device) is closed.
Each end of the bypass pipe B is connected to the branch outlets 1A2 'of the lower frame 1A' of the adapter 1 for forming a branch located at both ends of the cutoff section of the existing pipeline 2. The bypass pipe B is introduced into a path to be bypassed after a pressure resistance / airtightness test is completed in advance, and each end is connected to the branch outlet 1A2 '. Since the shutter device 3 'on the lower frame 1A' side where the bypass pipe B is connected is closed, the inflow of gas from the existing pipeline 2 is prevented.
[0020]
(2) A branch opening is formed in the existing pipeline 2.
FIG. 4 shows a state in which a branch opening is formed. In FIG. 4, a branch outlet on the side opposite to the side to which the bypass pipe B is to be connected among the branch outlets in each branch portion forming adapter 1 is shown. A perforation device 4 is attached to the mouth 1A2. The drilling device 4 can change the center of drilling in the direction in which the existing pipeline 2 is laid by the support base 5 provided at the branch outlet 1A2. As a configuration for changing the drilling center in the laying direction of the existing pipeline 2, although not shown, a rotating disk positioned so that the rotation center and the drilling center are eccentric, or the drilling device 4 slides in the laying direction. A slider table or the like that can be used is used.
The drilling device 4 can form a plurality of branch openings along the circumferential direction of the existing pipeline 2 by allowing the adapter 1 for forming a branch portion to rotate in the circumferential direction of the existing pipeline 2. A plurality of branch openings can be pierced along the laying direction by changing the center of piercing in the laying direction of the existing pipeline 2.
FIG. 7 shows an example of a branch opening punched by the punching device 4. The branch openings shown in FIG. 7 include a plurality of branch openings P1D formed in the circumferential direction and a branch opening formed along the laying direction. P1H is partially overlapped with each other. In particular, the branch opening P1H perforated in the laying direction is used when a support member of the blocking device 6 described later is inserted.
[0021]
(3) After the perforation, the chips remaining in the existing pipeline 2 are removed and the inner surface of the existing pipeline is ground and finished.
FIG. 5 shows this state. In FIG. 5, at the branch outlet 1A2 to which the punch 4 was attached at the time of punching, when the punch 4 was removed, the shutter device 3 was closed, and then the branch outlet was opened. The grinding device 6 is attached to 1A2. Although not shown in detail, the grinding device 6 includes a rotary grinding blade 6 </ b> A for rough cutting and semi-finishing that comes into contact with the inner surface of the existing pipeline 2, and finishes the inner surface of the existing pipeline 2 while rotating.
[0022]
After the grinding is completed, when the grinding device 6 is removed from the branch outlet 1A2 to close the shutter device 3 and the shutter device 3 'on the lower frame 1A' side is kept closed, the shutoff described later is performed. Before the device 7 is loaded, the bypass pipes B are connected to the branch outlets 1A2 ′, which are the planned connection positions. FIG. 6 shows a state in which the bias tubes B are actually connected by solid lines.
When the bypass pipe B is connected, among the shutter devices 3 'on the lower frame 1A' side, the shutter device 3 'located on the upstream side in the gas flow direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6 may be opened. .
When the shutter device 3 ′ is opened, gas from the existing pipeline 2 flows into the bypass pipeline B. For this reason, by providing an openable / closable opening in a part of the bypass conduit B on the downstream side in the gas flow direction, the opening is opened and the gas flowing into the bypass conduit B allows the gas to flow into the bypass conduit B. Can be purged and replaced with gas only. The connection of the bypass pipe B is not limited to after the grinding, but may be after the shut-off device 7 described later is loaded and before the existing pipe is cut.
[0023]
(4) After the grinding, when the grinding device 6 is removed from the branch outlet 1A2, the shutter device 3 is closed, the shutter device 3 is opened again from this state, and the blocking device 7 is inserted into the existing pipeline 2. You.
FIG. 6 shows this state, in which the shut-off device 7 is constituted by an inflatable bag which faces the gas flowing through the existing pipeline 2 and which is a support rod 7A to which the bag is attached. When the inflation fluid is introduced from the inside, the fluid expands and comes into close contact with the inner surface of the existing pipeline 2.
FIG. 7 shows an installation state of the shut-off device 7 inside the existing pipeline 2. As shown in FIG. 7A, the bag of the shut-off device 7 resists the flow pressure of the gas indicated by the arrow. Thus, an inflation pressure capable of standing upright inside the existing pipeline 2 is applied. FIG. 4B shows the positional relationship between the branch opening and the blocking device 7. As described above, among the branch openings, the branch openings P1D that are circumferentially adjacent to each other are provided in the bag insertion portion of the blocking device 7. The branch opening P1H corresponds to the insertion portion of the support rod 7A.
The blocking device 7 inserted into the existing pipeline 2 through each branch opening is positioned by the support rod 7A hitting the edge of the branch opening, and is expanded at that position.
[0024]
(5) Both ends of the cutoff section in the existing pipeline 2 are cut by the cutoff device 7.
FIG. 8 shows this state, in which the cutting position 2C of the existing pipeline 2 is cut by a cutter (not shown). When the existing pipeline 2 is cut, even if the cut-off position 7C of the existing pipeline 2 is opened by the shutoff device 7, a state in which gas does not leak is maintained.
[0025]
(6) When the cutting position 2C in the existing pipeline 2 is sealed by a cap or welding, the blocking device 7 is taken out from the existing pipeline 2.
FIG. 9 shows this state. When the shutoff device 7 is taken out from the branch outlet 1A2, the shutter device 3 is closed.
[0026]
(7) When the blocking device 7 is removed from the branch outlet 1A2, the branch outlet 1A2 is shielded by the plug 8 and then the shutter device 3 on the lower frame 1A 'side opposite to the branch outlet 1A2. 'Is released.
FIG. 10 shows this state. Since the cutting position in the existing pipeline 2 and the branch outlet 1A2 of the upper frame 1A are both sealed, gas from the existing pipeline 2 flows through the bypass pipeline B. The air flows into the existing pipeline 2 on the rear side of the cutoff section via the flow path.
[0027]
According to the present embodiment, since the bypass pipeline B can be used as a new pipeline, simultaneous construction can be performed so that the bypass pipeline and the new pipeline are shared.
In addition, since the shutter device 3 provided in the branch portion forming adapters 1 and 1 'has the same function as the open / close valve, the open / close valve (see FIGS. There is no need to dare to provide a member denoted by reference numeral V in FIG. Thereby, the number of parts can be reduced.
[0028]
On the other hand, as described above, the shutoff device 7 not only enables the erecting pressure to rise up inside the existing pipeline 2 against the flow pressure of the gas by the inflation pressure, but also uses, for example, a support structure shown in FIG. Is also possible.
In FIG. 11, an extendable leg 7B is provided at the tip of a support rod 7A to which the bag of the shutoff device 7 is attached, and the leg 7B is formed on the peripheral surface of the existing pipeline 2. It has a habit of fitting into the engaged hole 2P.
In this configuration, the tip of the support rod 7A inserted into the existing pipeline 2 from the branch opening contracts when the leg 7B abuts against the inner surface of the existing pipeline 2, thereby preventing the bag from being inserted. There is no.
On the other hand, when the leg 7B enters the engagement hole 2P by its own habit, the leg 7B is hooked on the existing pipeline 2 and is stopped. Thus, even when the flow pressure indicated by the arrow acts on the bag, the bag can be maintained upright against the flow pressure.
Further, in this configuration, since the support rod 7A is in a cantilever support state by fitting the leg portion 7B into the engagement hole 2P, in order to further increase the support rigidity, the branch opening indicated by a symbol PS in FIG. The form of forming the branch opening may be set so that the edge of the opening can contact the rear portion of the support rod 7A. According to this, since both ends supporting the support rod 7A are supported by the engagement hole 2P and the rim of the branch opening, the support strength of the shut-off device 7 against the in-pipe pressure is increased, and the upright state is more effectively maintained. Can be done.
[0029]
On the other hand, the blocking device 7 shown in FIG. 6 can be left in the existing pipeline 2. Such a use state corresponds to a case where heat conversion is performed in an existing pipeline, and for example, it can be used as a sector valve in the existing pipeline. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to prepare a sector valve at the time of gas replacement in the pipeline when calorie conversion or the like is performed.
[0030]
According to the first aspect of the invention, since the shutter device in each of the branch outlets are provided, the leakage at the time of replacement of the various working devices are minimized.
In addition, since the drilling device can be displaceably supported in the pipe laying direction and the circumferential direction in the drilling adapter attached to the branch outlet, it is necessary to repeatedly move the drilling device when forming an opening smaller than the diameter. There is no, thereby reducing the number of work steps.
In addition, the perforated branch opening is used as an introduction port of the grinding device and the blocking device. In particular, the support rod of the bag used as the blocking device abuts against the inner edge of the branch opening, so that in addition to positioning, the bag holding and holding portion can be used. Therefore, the bag can be supported by the support rod of the bag itself.
[0031]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, by opening and closing the shutter device provided in the perforated adapter, it is possible to flow the purging fluid into a pipeline other than the existing pipeline. Separately, it is not necessary to configure a pipeline for guiding the fluid for purging to a pipeline other than the existing pipeline, and the configuration can be simplified.
[0033]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the shutoff device used at the time of shutoff such as at the time of perforation can be used for another purpose, so that it is not necessary to newly prepare parts for other purposes, Work costs can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a state in which a branch portion forming adapter used in a branch opening forming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is mounted on an existing pipeline.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the branch portion forming adapter shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state before perforation using the branch portion forming adapter shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state at the time of perforation using the branch portion forming adapter shown in FIG. 1;
5 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state at the time of grinding after the end of the drilling operation shown in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a state in which an existing pipeline is shut off using the branch portion forming adapter shown in FIG. 1;
7A and 7B are diagrams for explaining a positional relationship between a perforated branch opening and a blocking device, wherein FIG. 7A is a side view, and FIG. 7B is an arrow in a direction indicated by reference numeral (B) in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a cut state of a cutoff section of an existing pipeline.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the blocking device is taken out of an existing pipeline.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which a fluid is introduced into a pipeline other than an existing pipeline.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a modification of the shut-off device used in the shut-off state shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 1 Adapter for forming a branch portion corresponding to a perforated adapter 1A Upper frame 1A 'Lower frame 1A2, 1A2' Branch outlet 2 Existing pipeline 2P Engagement hole 3, 3 'Shutter device 3A, 3A' for leg of blocking device Stop box members 3B, 3B 'Sliding rods 3C, 3C' Shutter body 4 Drilling device 4A Hole saw 6 Grinding device 7 Breaker 7A Support rod 7B Leg 8 Plug plug B Bypass pipe

Claims (3)

A method for perforating a branch opening having substantially the same diameter as the existing pipeline in a part of a section where the existing pipeline is laid, and connecting a bypass pipeline or a new pipeline to the perforated portion,
When installed at both ends of the cutoff section of the existing pipeline, a closed space is formed between the closed pipeline and the outer peripheral surface of the existing pipeline, and branches to positions facing the circumferential direction of the existing pipeline in the closed space. With a take-out port, using a perforated adapter incorporating a shutter device that controls the communication state between the branch take-out port and the closed space,
Connecting a pipe other than the existing pipe to one of the branch outlets,
At the branch outlet on the side opposite to the branch outlet on the side where the pipelines other than the existing pipeline are connected, a drilling device and a grinding device used after the drilling are attached in the working order,
A plurality of branch openings are formed along the circumferential direction and the laying direction by mounting the drilling device in a state where the drilling device is displaceably supported in the circumferential direction and the laying direction of the existing pipeline in the drilling adapter, and
After grinding, in order to seal both ends of the blocking section in the existing pipeline, an inflatable bag provided with a gas introduction member as a support rod is provided, and a positional relationship in which the support rod abuts on the inner edge of the branch opening is set. the shut-off device provided with a support structure that is inserted into the existing conduit from the branch outlet side of the grinding device is mounted,
When each of the ends of the cutoff section in the existing pipeline is divided and sealed, and the blocking device is removed from the branch outlet, pipes other than the existing pipeline are provided after the shielding of the branch outlet is completed. A pipe laying method, characterized in that a shutter device on a branch outlet side to which a path is connected is opened to introduce a fluid from an existing pipe into the pipe. In the pipe laying method according to claim 1,
By opening after grinding the shutter device located on the upstream side in the flow direction of the fluid flowing in the existing pipeline, among the shutter devices on the branch outlet side to which the pipelines other than the existing pipeline are connected, A pipe laying method characterized by flowing a purging fluid into a pipe other than an existing pipe. In the pipe laying method according to claim 1,
Upper Symbol blocking device, pipe laying method, characterized in that leaving or be taken out into the existing conduit.

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