JP3545127B2 - Inspection method of bottle with handle - Google Patents

Inspection method of bottle with handle Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3545127B2
JP3545127B2 JP08597996A JP8597996A JP3545127B2 JP 3545127 B2 JP3545127 B2 JP 3545127B2 JP 08597996 A JP08597996 A JP 08597996A JP 8597996 A JP8597996 A JP 8597996A JP 3545127 B2 JP3545127 B2 JP 3545127B2
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bottle
handle
entangled
tip
image
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JPH09250913A (en
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拓也 鮫島
一雄 野村
勇 志喜屋
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Plastics Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、把手ボトルの把手部の絡み状態を光学的な手段を用いて非接触で検査する検査方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
把手付ボトルの製造において、把手とボトル本体の絡み状態、密着程度は製品品質の良否に深く関係する。特に、握り部とその握り部から横方向に突出した嵌着部とを有する把手を、前記嵌着部先端の係止部が型内面に露出するように、予めボトル成形用型にセットした状態で、ボトル成形用型内でブロー成形するとともにボトル壁を前記嵌着部先端に絡み付けて前記係止部に食い込ませて、把手を取り付けてなる把手付ボトルの場合、把手とボトル本体の絡み状態が悪いと把手はずれの原因となる。従って、検査員はあらかじめ不良品の限度見本を記憶した後、コンベアにて搬送される把手付ボトルの絡み状態を全数目視にて検査を行っている。しかし検査基準の統一化が困難であった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記の点に鑑みて為されたもので、その目的とするところは、把手付ボトルの把手部絡み状態を定量化し且つ高速に検査することにより、良品と不良品の識別を確実に行う手法を提供するものである。しかして、確実な識別を行うには、不良品を良品と判断することがないのはいうまでもなく、良品を不良品と判断する確率が極めて小さいことが必要とされる。これで初めて、製品品質への信頼性が確保されると同時に、生産歩留りの向上を図ることが可能となる。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の要旨とするところは、握り部とその握り部から横方向に突出した嵌着部とを有する把手を、前記嵌着部先端の係止部が型内面に露出するように、予めボトル成形用型にセットした状態で、ボトル成形用型内でブロー成形するとともにボトル壁を前記嵌着部先端に絡み付けて前記係止部に食い込ませて、把手を取り付けてなる把手付ボトルの検査方法において、把手付ボトルに把手の側面から光線を照射して上記嵌着部先端の係止部に絡み付いたボトル壁の食い込み部分および/または、上記嵌着部先端に絡み付いたボトル壁の絡み付き部分に関する情報を画像として取り出し、この画像情報をコンピュータ内で処理して特性値を算出し、この特性値と予め設定した判定基準の特性値とを対比することを特徴とする把手付ボトルの検査方法に存する。
【0005】
【実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を、具体的な実施例に従って、以下詳細に説明する。
図1は、本発明を実施するための装置構成の概念図であり、図2は、撮像機構の概念図である。また、図3は、画像処理の説明図である。
【0006】
図示の実施例において、全体のボトル検査装置は、選別機構(1)、撮像機構(2)および画像処理機構(3)によって構成される。また、選別機構(1)は、検体装置(11)および排出装置(12)を含み、画像処理機構(3)は演算装置(31)、表示装置(32)および記憶装置(33)を含む。
各機構の作用の概要について述べると、選別機構(1)では、これに供給されたボトルのうち良品のみを取得し、不良品を排出する。また、この良否の判定には、撮像機構(2)と画像処理機構(3)が関与するが、まず、撮像機構(2)は、選別機構(1)に供給された検体ボトルから、上記判定に必要な情報を画像として取出し、この画像情報を画像処理機構(3)に提供する。一方、画像処理機構(3)は、入力された画像情報に必要な処理を加えて上記判定を行い、その結果を排出指令として出力する。しかして、前記の選別機構(1)における不良品の排出は、この排出指令に基いて行われる。
【0007】
本発明において、画像情報を取り出すために用いる撮像機構(2)は、画像処理に適した形式の情報を取得できるものであれば、特に制限はない。しかして、撮像機構は、通常、図2に示すように、照明装置(21)および撮像装置(22)から構成される。照明装置(21)は、把手付ボトルの絡み具合の的確な評価を可能にするため、所定の部位が適当な明るさとなるように、検体ボトルに把手の側面方向から光線を照射するもので、具体的には高周波蛍光灯による照明装置、またはストロボなどの閃光による照明装置が用いられる。撮像装置(22)は、通常、図示のように、検体ボトルを挟んで照明装置(21)とは反対側に位置し、上記所定の部位における把手およびボトル壁に関する情報を、画像として取り出すもので、一般的にはCCDカメラを用いるが、撮像管(光電子放出型、光導電効果型等)を使用した特殊な撮像装置も使用可能である。この種の撮像装置(22)により取り出される画像情報は、撮像機構(2)内でA/D変換してデジタル信号の形で画像処理機構(3)に入力するのが普通である。
【0008】
このようにして、把手の側面方向から照明されたボトルの映像が、画像情報として取り出されるのだが、撮像すべき所定の部位の選定は、把手付ボトルの絡み状態の的確な評価を行うために重要であり、把手の上部嵌着部近辺および下部嵌着部近辺の一方または双方が選ばれる。通常は、上下両嵌着部近辺を同時に撮像するために、2つの撮像装置(22)が上下に配置される。もちろん、把手とボトルの組み合わせによっては、一方の嵌着部近辺を撮像するだけで適確な評価が可能な場合もある。さらに、嵌着部近辺のうちでも、製品の良否に直接影響するような部位を選んで撮像することが重要である。
本発明は、把手の嵌着部およびその先端の係止部並びに握り部先端が形成する空間へのボトル壁の食い込み具合、特にボトル壁が係止部を越える辺りから嵌着部に沿うに至るまでの部分(以下、「絡み付いたボトル壁の係止部への食い込み部分」という)の形状と、および/または、上下嵌着部および握り部中央が形成する空間におけるボトル壁の絡み付き具合、特にボトル壁が嵌着部から離れる辺りから握り部と平行になるまでの部分(以下、「嵌着部先端に絡み付いたボトル壁の絡み付き部分」という)の形状と、落下テストの結果との相関が極めて深いという知見を得て完成したものである。
【0009】
把手付ボトルの絡み状態の的確な評価を行うためには、撮像位置すなわち撮像時の検体ボトル(10)の位置は、常に一定になるように関連装置を準備することが必要である。例えば、図示するように、把手の握り部は、通常、ボトルの中心線を含む平面上に位置しているので、この平面(以下、半截面という)に対して垂直な平面上に検体ボトルを載置し、半截面と垂直な方向から光線を照射し、撮像を行うことができるように、照明装置(21)、撮像装置(22)および検体装置(11)を設置するのがよい。もちろん、撮像位置まで検体ボトルが移動するような検体装置を使用する場合は、適宜ボトル検出センサー(図示せず)を配備し、検体ボトルが確実に撮像位置に来たときに、撮像を行うようにすることができる。そのような場合、通常、図1に示すように、上記ボトル検出センサーの検出信号を演算装置(31)が確認後、該演算装置(31)が発生する撮像信号を受けた撮像装置(22)が電子シャッターを切って静止画像を得る。しかし、センサーの検出信号を受けて撮像装置のシャッターを切るまでに所定の撮像位置から外れてしまう場合は、照明装置(21)にストロボを使用しボトル検出センサーに同期して発光させるようにすることもできる。
【0010】
次に、本発明方法においては、A/D変換してデジタル信号の形で入力された画像情報を、まず画像処理機構(3)内の記憶装置(33)に記憶し、同時に表示装置(32)上に画像として表示する。次いで、この画像情報から製品の良否判定のための、いわゆる絡み状態を示す特性値を算出し、判定基準との対比を行い、排出指令を出力するが、これらの操作を行う画像処理機構としては、コンピュータが使用される。
【0011】
しかして、上記の絡み状態を示す特性値は、既述の通り、一つは、把手の嵌着部およびその先端の係止部並びに握り部先端が形成する空間へのボトル壁の食い込み具合、特に絡み付いたボトル壁の係止部への食い込み部分の形状を表す特性値であり、他の一つは、上下嵌着部および握り部中央が形成する空間におけるボトル壁の絡み付き具合、特に嵌着部先端に絡み付いたボトル壁の絡み付き部分の形状を表す特性値である。前者は、水平線に対するボトル壁の食い込み部分の傾斜角度として算出し、後者は、設定された測定区画内のボトル壁の絡み付き部分の面積として算出される。これらの特性値は、上下両嵌着部についてそれぞれ傾斜角度および面積が算出可能であるので、論理的には4つの特性値があり得る。しかし、実用的には、それらのうちの1または2の特性値を利用するだけで十分である。
【0012】
以下、このような特性値の算出の態様を、図3に基いて説明する。
図3(a)は、上部の嵌着部における、水平線に対するボトル壁の食い込み部分の傾斜角度を算出する態様を示し、図3(b)は、下部の嵌着部における、設定された測定区画内のボトル壁の絡み付き部分の面積を算出する態様を示す。
【0013】
図3(a)に示す画像において、まず位置決めのための基準線(以下「位置決めツール」という)を、撮像装置毎に独立に設定する。位置決めツールは、左右方向(#1)および上下方向(#2)に各々1本設定し、得られた画像の微妙な位置ずれ量を計算し、後記する測定線の位置を所定の位置となる様に補正するもので、より正確に且つ安定して計測することを可能とするものである。このツールは、得られた画像の中でコントラストのより鮮明な箇所に設定するほうがよく、本発明では、把手の握り部または嵌着部と交差するように設定した。取り込んだ画像の微妙な位置ずれが計測上問題とならない場合は、省略してもよく、また左右方向(#1)または上下方向(#2)の、どちらか一方のみを使用してもよい。
【0014】
食い込み部分の傾斜角度を算出する場合、まず画像上で基準点および測定線を設定するが、基準点としては、通常、前記位置決めツール(#1)と把手の握り部(1031)との交点が選ばれ、以後座標はこの点を基準として決定する。また、測定線としては、予め定められた座標を有する両端点を結ぶ直線が選ばれる。測定線は、計測したい箇所に複数本設定し、各測定線上に並ぶ各画素におけるデジタル信号の階調変化から、ボトル壁の食い込み部分の輪郭線(1011)との交点を決定する。しかして、各測定線上の交点の座標データを基に、算術演算により直線近似後、水平線に対するボトル壁の食い込み部分の傾斜角度(以下、「食い込み角度」という)θを算出する。測定線の本数は、角度の要求精度に応じて決めればよい。図示の場合は、実行時間の短縮をはかるため、2本の測定線(#3、#4)を設定した。この場合、食い込み角度θは、次式によって算出することができる。
【数1】
θ = tan−1[(x2 −x1 )/(y2 −y1 )]
(式中、x1 : 測定線#3上の交点(a点)のx座標
y1 : 測定線#3上の交点(a点)のy座標
x2 : 測定線#4上の交点(b点)のx座標
y2 : 測定線#4上の交点(b点)のy座標
但し、x座標、y座標は、各々水平方向、垂直方向の座標である。)
【0015】
なお、この食い込み角度θは、大きいほど良く食い込んで把手がはずれにくくなる傾向にある。従って、予め良品の限度となる食い込み角度θを、基準食い込み角度θ0 として記憶装置にインプットしておき、θとθ0 とを対比してθ<θ0 を不良品と判定することができる。
【0016】
絡み付き部分の面積を算出する場合、まず画像上で基準点および測定区画を設定するが、図3(b)に示すように、基準点としては、通常、前記位置決めツール(#1)と把手の握り部(1031)との交点(前記食い込み角度の算定の際の基準点とは必ずしも一致しない。)が選ばれ、以後座標はこの点を基準として決定する。また、測定区画としては、予め定められた座標を有する所定の図形が選ばれる。図示の場合は、嵌着部(1032)先端に絡み付いたボトル壁の絡み付き部分の外側近傍に設定された、所定の3角形の測定区画(#5)が選ばれた。しかして、該区画内のボトル壁の絡み付き部分の面積の算出には、前記食い込み角度の場合と同様、測定線の利用が便利である。この場合は、上記測定線をX軸に平行に等間隔でn本設定し、各測定線の起点(所定の図形との外側交点)からボトル壁の輪郭線(1012)との交点までの距離(画素数)li の合計で求めることができる。すなわち、ボトル壁の絡み付き部分の面積Sは、次式によって算出することができる。
【数2】

Figure 0003545127
なお、測定線がx軸に平行に設定できない場合は、起点座標およびボトル壁の輪郭線との交点座標から、各々の長さ(l1 ,l2 ,...ln )を算出し、合計して面積を求めることもできる。
【0017】
本例では、ボトル壁の絡み付き部分の面積として、測定区画#5内でボトル壁の輪郭線(1012)よりも外側の面積Sを採用しているが、この場合、Sが小さいほど良く絡み付いて把手がはずれにくくなる傾向がある。従って、予め良品の限度となる面積Sを基準面積S0 として記憶装置にインプットしておき、SとS0 とを対比して、S>S0 を不良品と判定することができる。
なお、ボトル壁の絡み付き部分の面積として、測定区画#5内でボトル壁の輪郭線(1012)よりも内側の面積ΔSを採用してもよく、この場合、面積ΔSが大きいほど好ましいので、良品限度の面積ΔSを基準面積ΔS0 をインプットしておき、ΔS<ΔS0 を不良品と判定することができる。
【0018】
本発明においては、位置決めツールおよび測定線上では、例えば256階調に変換されたデータを用いて、ツールまたは線上に並ぶ画素のデジタル信号のみを微分処理して、信号の変化量を計算し、この値に閾値を設定して目的とする座標を検出する方法を採用し、照明装置の照度の経時変化に対しても安定して検出する様配慮することが好ましい。しかし、照明が安定しており、計測上問題となるような外乱による影響が少ない場合は、二値化処理により交点座標を求めることも可能である。
【0019】
前記のように、算出された角度θや面積Sは、図1においては、画像処理機構(3)内部の記憶装置(33)にインプットされている、予め設定した判定基準θ0 やS0 と対比され、合否判定が行われる。しかして、不良品と判定した時に、画像処理機構(3)は、ボトル排出指令を出力するものである。一方、出力されたボトル排出指令をうけた選別機構(1)は、不良品ボトル検出センサーにてボトルを検出後、排出装置(12)を作動させこれを排出する。この排出装置は、検査後のどの位置に配置しても良い。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
把手付ボトルの把手絡み状態の検査には、これまで目視による全数検査が採用されており、個人差や熟練度の違い、また検査中は常に同じ姿勢を取り続けることに起因して、検査員の検査基準が時間とともに変化して不良品を見逃すことが避けられなかった。しかし本発明により自動検査が可能となり検査レベルの統一、時間的基準の変化が解消された。
【0021】
把手付ボトルの把手絡み状態を数値化することにより良品と不良品の判定レベルが明確となった。これにより不良品と判定された製品は自動的に排出される。把手付ボトルの把手絡み状態の数値化が可能となれば、その値を例えば記憶装置(33)にて保存、監視することにより、製造装置の故障予知が可能となり、点検、保守等の素早い対応が可能となる。よって、製品の歩留まりが向上し、設備保全に費やす費用の低減がはかれる。
【0022】
従来の画像処理装置は、二値化処理が基本であった。この場合、照明装置(21)の照度が時間とともに減衰することから、頻繁に閾値に変更などを操作する必要があった。本発明では、画像処理機構(3)は多値化レベルの処理を基本としており、そのため外乱の影響を受けにくく、長期間安定した動作が可能となり、信頼性の高い検査装置が実現できた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明を実施するための装置構成の概念図である。
【図2】同上における撮像機構の概念図である。
【図3】本発明における画像処理の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 選別機構
10 検体ボトル
101 ボトル壁
1011、1012 輪郭線
103 把手
1031 握り部
1032 嵌着部
1033 係止部
11 検体装置
12 排出装置
2 撮像機構
21 照明装置
22 撮像装置
3 画像処理機構
31 演算装置
32 表示装置
33 記憶装置
#1 左右方向の位置決めツール
#2 上下方向の位置決めツール
#3、#4 測定線
#5 測定区画[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an inspection method for non-contact inspection of the entangled state of a handle portion of a handle bottle using optical means.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In manufacturing a bottle with a handle, the entangled state of the handle and the bottle main body and the degree of close contact are deeply related to the quality of the product. In particular, a state in which a handle having a grip portion and a fitting portion projecting laterally from the grip portion is set in the bottle molding die in advance so that the locking portion at the tip of the fitting portion is exposed on the inner surface of the die. Then, in the case of a bottle with a handle, which is formed by blow molding in a bottle forming mold and entangled with the bottle wall at the tip of the fitting portion so as to bite into the locking portion, the handle is attached to the bottle main body. If the condition is poor, the handle may be detached. Therefore, the inspector memorizes the limit sample of the defective product in advance, and then visually inspects the entangled state of the bottle with handle conveyed by the conveyor. However, it was difficult to unify inspection standards.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to quantify a handle entangled state of a handle-equipped bottle and inspect it at a high speed to reliably discriminate non-defective products from defective products. It provides a method to be performed. Therefore, in order to perform reliable identification, it is necessary that the probability of determining a non-defective product as a defective product is extremely small, not to mention that a defective product is not determined to be a non-defective product. For the first time, it is possible to ensure the reliability of the product quality and to improve the production yield.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention resides in that a handle having a grip portion and a fitting portion projecting laterally from the grip portion is previously bottled such that the locking portion at the tip of the fitting portion is exposed on the inner surface of the mold. In the state where the bottle is set in the molding die, the bottle is blow molded in the bottle molding die, and the bottle wall is entangled with the tip of the fitting portion so as to bite into the locking portion. In the method, a light beam is radiated to the bottle with a handle from the side of the handle, and the biting portion of the bottle wall entangled with the locking portion at the tip of the fitting portion and / or the entangled portion of the bottle wall tangled with the tip of the fitting portion. picking out a as an image, calculating a characteristic value by processing the image information in the computer, the inspection of the bottle with a handle, characterized by comparing the characteristic values of the criteria previously set this property value It resides in the law.
[0005]
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below according to specific examples.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus configuration for implementing the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an imaging mechanism. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the image processing.
[0006]
In the illustrated embodiment, the entire bottle inspection apparatus includes a sorting mechanism (1), an imaging mechanism (2), and an image processing mechanism (3). Further, the sorting mechanism (1) includes a sample device (11) and a discharge device (12), and the image processing mechanism (3) includes a computing device (31), a display device (32), and a storage device (33).
Describing the outline of the operation of each mechanism, the sorting mechanism (1) acquires only good products from the bottles supplied thereto and discharges defective products. In addition, the imaging mechanism (2) and the image processing mechanism (3) are involved in the quality determination. First, the imaging mechanism (2) performs the above-described determination from the sample bottle supplied to the sorting mechanism (1). The information necessary for the image processing is extracted as an image, and this image information is provided to the image processing mechanism (3). On the other hand, the image processing mechanism (3) performs the above determination by adding necessary processing to the input image information, and outputs the result as a discharge command. The discharge of defective products in the sorting mechanism (1) is performed based on this discharge command.
[0007]
In the present invention, the imaging mechanism (2) used for extracting image information is not particularly limited as long as it can acquire information in a format suitable for image processing. Thus, the imaging mechanism usually includes an illumination device (21) and an imaging device (22), as shown in FIG. The illuminating device (21) irradiates the sample bottle with a light beam from the side of the handle so that a predetermined portion has appropriate brightness in order to enable accurate evaluation of the degree of entanglement of the bottle with handle. Specifically, a lighting device using a high-frequency fluorescent lamp or a lighting device using a flash such as a strobe is used. The imaging device (22) is usually located on the opposite side of the illumination device (21) across the sample bottle as shown in the figure, and extracts information regarding the handle and the bottle wall at the above-described predetermined portion as an image. Although a CCD camera is generally used, a special image pickup device using an image pickup tube (photoelectron emission type, photoconductive effect type, etc.) can also be used. Image information taken out by this type of imaging device (22) is usually A / D converted in the imaging mechanism (2) and input to the image processing mechanism (3) in the form of a digital signal.
[0008]
In this way, the image of the bottle illuminated from the side of the handle is extracted as image information.However, the selection of a predetermined part to be imaged is performed in order to accurately evaluate the entangled state of the bottle with the handle. Importantly, one or both of the vicinity of the upper fitting and the lower fitting of the handle is selected. Normally, two imaging devices (22) are arranged vertically in order to simultaneously image the vicinity of the upper and lower fitting portions. Of course, depending on the combination of the handle and the bottle, accurate evaluation may be possible only by imaging the vicinity of one of the fitting portions. Further, it is important to select and image an area in the vicinity of the fitting portion that directly affects the quality of the product.
The present invention relates to a state in which a bottle wall bites into a space formed by a fitting portion of a handle and a leading end thereof, and a tip portion of a grip portion, and particularly from a region where the bottle wall exceeds the locking portion to a position along the fitting portion. (Hereinafter referred to as “entangled portion of the bottle wall in the locking portion”), and / or how the bottle wall is entangled in the space formed by the upper and lower fitting portions and the center of the grip portion, particularly The correlation between the shape of the part from where the bottle wall separates from the fitting part to becoming parallel to the grip part (hereinafter referred to as the “entangled part of the bottle wall tangled at the tip of the fitting part”) and the result of the drop test is It was completed with the knowledge that it was extremely deep.
[0009]
In order to accurately evaluate the entangled state of the bottle with handle, it is necessary to prepare the related apparatus so that the imaging position, that is, the position of the sample bottle (10) at the time of imaging is always constant. For example, as shown in the figure, the grip portion of the handle is usually located on a plane including the center line of the bottle. Therefore, the sample bottle is placed on a plane perpendicular to this plane (hereinafter, referred to as a half section). It is preferable to install an illumination device (21), an imaging device (22), and a sample device (11) so that the device can be mounted, irradiated with light rays in a direction perpendicular to the half-section plane, and can perform imaging. Of course, when using a sample device in which the sample bottle moves to the imaging position, a bottle detection sensor (not shown) is appropriately provided, and imaging is performed when the sample bottle is surely at the imaging position. Can be In such a case, usually, as shown in FIG. 1, after the arithmetic unit (31) confirms the detection signal of the bottle detection sensor, the imaging unit (22) receiving the image signal generated by the arithmetic unit (31) Releases the electronic shutter to obtain a still image. However, if the camera deviates from a predetermined imaging position by receiving the detection signal of the sensor before the shutter of the imaging device is released, the illumination device (21) uses a strobe to emit light in synchronization with the bottle detection sensor. You can also.
[0010]
Next, in the method of the present invention, the image information input in the form of a digital signal after A / D conversion is first stored in the storage device (33) in the image processing mechanism (3), and at the same time, the display device (32) is stored. ) Display as image above. Next, from the image information, a characteristic value indicating a so-called entangled state for calculating the quality of the product is calculated, compared with a determination criterion, and a discharge command is output. As an image processing mechanism for performing these operations, , Computer is used.
[0011]
However, as described above, one of the characteristic values indicating the entangled state is how the bottle wall bites into the space formed by the fitting portion of the handle and the locking portion at the tip and the tip of the grip portion, In particular, it is a characteristic value representing the shape of the entangled portion of the entangled bottle wall into the locking portion, and the other is a entangled condition of the bottle wall in the space formed by the upper and lower fitting portions and the center of the grip portion, particularly It is a characteristic value representing the shape of the entangled portion of the bottle wall entangled at the tip of the part. The former is calculated as the inclination angle of the biting portion of the bottle wall with respect to the horizontal line, and the latter is calculated as the area of the entangled portion of the bottle wall in the set measurement section. As these characteristic values, the inclination angle and the area can be calculated for both the upper and lower fitting portions, respectively, there are logically four characteristic values. However, in practice, it is sufficient to use one or two of these characteristic values.
[0012]
Hereinafter, the manner of calculating such a characteristic value will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3A shows a mode of calculating an inclination angle of a biting portion of a bottle wall with respect to a horizontal line in an upper fitting portion, and FIG. 3B shows a set measurement section in a lower fitting portion. 4 shows a mode of calculating the area of the entangled portion of the bottle wall in the inside.
[0013]
In the image shown in FIG. 3A, first, a reference line for positioning (hereinafter, referred to as a “positioning tool”) is set independently for each imaging device. One positioning tool is set in each of the left-right direction (# 1) and the up-down direction (# 2), and a fine displacement amount of the obtained image is calculated, and the position of a measurement line described later becomes a predetermined position. Thus, the measurement can be performed more accurately and stably. It is better to set this tool at a place where the contrast is clearer in the obtained image. In the present invention, the tool is set so as to intersect with the grip portion or the fitting portion of the handle. If the slight displacement of the captured image does not cause a problem in measurement, it may be omitted, or only one of the horizontal direction (# 1) and the vertical direction (# 2) may be used.
[0014]
When calculating the inclination angle of the biting portion, first, a reference point and a measurement line are set on the image. As the reference point, the intersection between the positioning tool (# 1) and the grip (1031) of the handle is usually used. After that, the coordinates are determined based on this point. A straight line connecting both end points having predetermined coordinates is selected as the measurement line. A plurality of measurement lines are set at a position to be measured, and an intersection with the contour line (1011) of the biting portion of the bottle wall is determined from a gradation change of the digital signal in each pixel arranged on each measurement line. Then, based on the coordinate data of the intersection on each measurement line, after approximating a straight line by arithmetic operation, the inclination angle θ of the biting portion of the bottle wall with respect to the horizontal line (hereinafter referred to as “biting angle”) θ is calculated. The number of measurement lines may be determined according to the required accuracy of the angle. In the case shown in the figure, two measurement lines (# 3 and # 4) are set in order to shorten the execution time. In this case, the bite angle θ can be calculated by the following equation.
(Equation 1)
θ = tan −1 [(x2−x1) / (y2−y1)]
(Where x1: x-coordinate of intersection (point a) on measurement line # 3) y: y-coordinate of intersection (point a) on measurement line # 3 x: intersection of intersection (point b) on measurement line # 4 x-coordinate y2: y-coordinate of the intersection (point b) on measurement line # 4, where x-coordinate and y-coordinate are horizontal and vertical coordinates, respectively.)
[0015]
The larger the bite angle θ, the better the bite is, and the handle is less likely to come off. Therefore, the bite angle θ, which is the limit of non-defective products, is previously input to the storage device as the reference bite angle θ0, and θ <θ0 can be determined as a defective product by comparing θ with θ0.
[0016]
When calculating the area of the entangled portion, first, a reference point and a measurement section are set on the image. As shown in FIG. 3B, the reference point is usually set to the positioning tool (# 1) and the handle. A point of intersection with the grip portion (1031) (which does not always coincide with the reference point for calculating the bite angle) is selected, and thereafter, the coordinates are determined based on this point. Also, a predetermined figure having predetermined coordinates is selected as the measurement section. In the illustrated case, a predetermined triangular measurement section (# 5) set near the outside of the entangled portion of the bottle wall entangled with the tip of the fitting portion (1032) was selected. Therefore, in calculating the area of the entangled portion of the bottle wall in the compartment, it is convenient to use the measurement line as in the case of the bite angle. In this case, n measurement lines are set at equal intervals in parallel with the X-axis, and the distance from the starting point of each measurement line (outside intersection with a predetermined figure) to the intersection with the contour line (1012) of the bottle wall. (The number of pixels) can be obtained by the sum of li. That is, the area S of the entangled portion of the bottle wall can be calculated by the following equation.
(Equation 2)
Figure 0003545127
If the measurement line cannot be set parallel to the x-axis, the lengths (11, 12,... Ln) are calculated from the starting point coordinates and the intersection coordinates with the outline of the bottle wall, and the total is calculated. The area can also be determined.
[0017]
In this example, the area S outside the contour line (1012) of the bottle wall in the measurement section # 5 is adopted as the area of the entangled portion of the bottle wall. In this case, the smaller the S, the better the entanglement. The handle tends to be difficult to come off. Therefore, the area S, which is the limit of non-defective products, is input to the storage device as the reference area S0, and S> S0 can be determined as a defective product by comparing S with S0.
As the area of the entangled portion of the bottle wall, an area ΔS inside the contour line (1012) of the bottle wall in the measurement section # 5 may be adopted. In this case, the larger the area ΔS is, the better, The reference area ΔS0 is input as the limit area ΔS, and ΔS <ΔS0 can be determined as a defective product.
[0018]
In the present invention, on the positioning tool and the measurement line, for example, using the data converted into 256 gradations, only the digital signal of the pixel arranged on the tool or the line is differentiated, and the change amount of the signal is calculated. It is preferable to adopt a method of detecting a target coordinate by setting a threshold value, and to take care to stably detect the temporal change of the illuminance of the illumination device. However, when the illumination is stable and the influence of disturbance which causes a problem in measurement is small, the coordinates of the intersection can be obtained by binarization processing.
[0019]
As described above, in FIG. 1, the calculated angle θ and area S are compared with predetermined determination criteria θ0 and S0 input to the storage device (33) inside the image processing mechanism (3). , A pass / fail decision is made. When it is determined that the product is defective, the image processing mechanism (3) outputs a bottle discharge command. On the other hand, the sorting mechanism (1) receiving the output bottle discharging command detects the bottle by the defective bottle detecting sensor and then operates the discharging device (12) to discharge the bottle. This discharge device may be arranged at any position after the inspection.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
Inspection of the handle-entangled state of a bottle with a handle has been performed by visual inspection, and due to differences between individuals and skill levels, and the fact that the inspector always keeps the same posture during the inspection, the inspector's It was inevitable that inspection standards would change over time and miss defective products. However, according to the present invention, the automatic inspection is enabled, and the inspection level is unified, and the change of the time reference is eliminated.
[0021]
By quantifying the handle entanglement state of the bottle with a handle, the judgment level of non-defective and defective products became clear. As a result, a product determined to be defective is automatically discharged. If the entangled state of the bottle with a handle can be quantified, the value can be stored and monitored, for example, in the storage device (33), so that the failure of the manufacturing apparatus can be predicted, and quick response such as inspection and maintenance can be performed. Becomes possible. As a result, the yield of products is improved, and the cost for equipment maintenance is reduced.
[0022]
Conventional image processing apparatuses are based on binarization processing. In this case, since the illuminance of the illumination device (21) attenuates with time, it has been necessary to frequently change the threshold value. In the present invention, the image processing mechanism (3) is based on multi-level processing, so that it is less susceptible to disturbances, can operate stably for a long period of time, and has realized a highly reliable inspection apparatus.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus configuration for implementing the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of the imaging mechanism in the above.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of image processing in the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sorting mechanism 10 Sample bottle 101 Bottle wall 1011 and 1012 Contour line 103 Handle 1031 Grip part 1032 Fitting part 1033 Locking part 11 Sample device 12 Ejection device 2 Imaging mechanism 21 Illumination device 22 Imaging device 3 Image processing mechanism 31 Arithmetic device 32 Display device 33 Storage device # 1 Horizontal positioning tool # 2 Vertical positioning tool # 3, # 4 Measurement line # 5 Measurement section

Claims (3)

握り部とその握り部から横方向に突出した嵌着部とを有する把手を、前記嵌着部先端の係止部が型内面に露出するように、予めボトル成形用型にセットした状態で、ボトル成形用型内でブロー成形するとともにボトル壁を前記嵌着部先端に絡み付けて前記係止部に食い込ませて、把手を取り付けてなる把手付ボトルの検査方法において、把手付ボトルに把手の側面から光線を照射して上記嵌着部先端の係止部に絡み付いたボトル壁の食い込み部分および/または、上記嵌着部先端に絡み付いたボトル壁の絡み付き部分に関する情報を画像として取り出し、この画像情報をコンピュータ内で処理して特性値を算出し、この特性値と予め設定した判定基準の特性値とを対比することを特徴とする把手付ボトルの検査方法。A handle having a grip portion and a fitting portion projecting laterally from the grip portion, in a state where the grip portion at the tip of the fitting portion is exposed on the inner surface of the mold, and is set in a bottle molding die in advance, In the method for inspecting a bottle with a handle, which is formed by blow molding in a bottle forming mold and entangled with the bottle wall at the tip of the fitting portion so as to bite into the locking portion, a handle is attached to the bottle with a handle. By irradiating a light beam from the side, information on the biting portion of the bottle wall entangled with the locking portion at the tip of the fitting portion and / or information on the entangled portion of the bottle wall tangled with the tip of the fitting portion is extracted as an image. A method for inspecting a bottle with a handle, comprising: calculating a characteristic value by processing information in a computer ; and comparing the characteristic value with a characteristic value of a predetermined criterion . 画像情報の処理が、取り出した画像上で、絡み付いたボトル壁の係止部への食い込み部分に対して測定線を設定し、該測定線と前記食い込み部分の輪郭線との交点を決定し、ボトル壁の食い込み角度を算出して行なわれ、該食い込み角度を予め設定した基準食い込み角度と対比することを特徴とする請求項1記載の把手付ボトルの検査方法。The processing of the image information, on the extracted image, set a measurement line for the biting portion of the entangled bottle wall to the locking portion, determine the intersection of the measurement line and the contour line of the biting portion, 2. The method for inspecting a bottle with a handle according to claim 1, wherein the inspection is performed by calculating a biting angle of the bottle wall, and comparing the biting angle with a preset reference biting angle. 画像情報の処理が、取り出した画像上で、嵌着部先端に絡み付いたボトル壁の絡み付き部分の外側近傍に測定区画を設定し、該測定区画内の前記絡み付き部分の面積を算出して行なわれ、該面積を予め設定した基準面積と対比することを特徴とする請求項1記載の把手付ボトルの検査方法。The processing of the image information is performed by setting a measurement section on the taken-out image near the outside of the entangled portion of the bottle wall entangled with the tip of the fitting portion and calculating the area of the entangled portion in the measurement section. 2. The method for inspecting a bottle with a handle according to claim 1, wherein said area is compared with a predetermined reference area.
JP08597996A 1996-03-15 1996-03-15 Inspection method of bottle with handle Expired - Lifetime JP3545127B2 (en)

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JP5179312B2 (en) * 2008-09-30 2013-04-10 大王製紙株式会社 Handle film inspection method for packaging bag of thin paper storage box assembly and handle film inspection apparatus for packaging bag of thin paper storage box assembly
CN108519325B (en) * 2018-05-07 2023-08-04 河北工业大学 A method and device for studying the relationship between friction coefficient and contact area between hands and objects
CN111426697A (en) * 2020-05-09 2020-07-17 北京妙想科技有限公司 Body defect visual inspection device
CN116147539B (en) * 2023-03-31 2023-10-17 山东曦伴机电技术服务有限公司 Novel measuring method and device for straightness of gas cylinder

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