JP3544179B2 - Weaving method of high density fabric - Google Patents

Weaving method of high density fabric Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3544179B2
JP3544179B2 JP2001008958A JP2001008958A JP3544179B2 JP 3544179 B2 JP3544179 B2 JP 3544179B2 JP 2001008958 A JP2001008958 A JP 2001008958A JP 2001008958 A JP2001008958 A JP 2001008958A JP 3544179 B2 JP3544179 B2 JP 3544179B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
weaving
density
reed
woven fabric
dtex
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JP2001008958A
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JP2002220760A (en
Inventor
守 北村
薫 伴
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2001008958A priority Critical patent/JP3544179B2/en
Priority to US10/044,233 priority patent/US6832633B2/en
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  • Auxiliary Weaving Apparatuses, Weavers' Tools, And Shuttles (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は自動車用安全装置の一つであるエアバッグ用織物に適した織物の製織法に関し、更に詳しくは、必要な機械的特性を保持しつつ、生産効率を向上させる製織法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、自動車安全部品の一つとしてのエアバックは乗員の安全意識の向上に伴い、急速に装着率が向上している。エアバックは自動車の衝突事故の際、衝撃をセンサーが感知し、インフレーターから高温、高圧のガスを発生させ、このガスによってエアバックを急激に展開させ、乗員保護に役立つものである。
【0003】
従来、エアバックにはクロロプレン、クロルスルフォン化オレフィン、シリコーンなどの合成ゴムが塗布された基布が、耐熱性、空気遮断性(通気度)、難燃性の目的から使用されていた。
【0004】
しかしながら、これらのコーティング基布は基布重量の増加、柔軟性の低下、製造コストの増加 、リサイクル不可のため、エアバック用基布に使用するには不具合な点が多かった。現在でも一部で使用されているシリコーンコーティング基布は上記不具合点がかなり改善されてはきたが、まだ満足できるものではない。
【0005】
そこで、最近はコーティングを施さないノンコートエアバック用基布が主流になっており、軽量化、 良好な収納性、低通気度化のために様々な提案がなされている。この中で、単糸繊度を細くし軽量、コンパクト化、低通気性を実現してきている。
【0006】
このような現状において、高密度織物を製織する場合、生産性を向上させようと製織速度を上げることが検討される場合、製織速度を上げると単糸繊度が細くなる傾向にある現在、繊維間及び筬との摩擦で糸の損傷が大きくなり基布物性に大きく影響するようになる。このような問題に対応できる製織方法については、良い製織方法が見出されていない。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の方法では解決できていない製織速度を上げたときの繊維の損傷を抑え停台トラブルを減少させるエアバックに適した高密度織物の製織法を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための手段、即ち本発明の第1は、製織時の筬の繊維充填率を下(式1)で定義し、該筬の繊維充填率の値を110以下として製織することを特徴とする高密度織物の製織法であり、
【数3】

Figure 0003544179
N:筬1羽に入れる糸の本数(本)
D:経糸の太さ(dtex)
ρ:繊維の密度(g/cm
α:筬空隙率 (%)
L:筬羽数 (本/cm)
その第2は、筬の繊維充填率の値が100以下である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法であり、その第3は、筬の繊維充填率の値が90以下である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法であり、その第4は、筬の繊維充填率の値が80以下である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法であり、その第5は、高密度織物のカバーファクターが2000〜2500である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法であり、(尚、カバーファクターは、下式2で求められる。)
【0009】
【数4】
Figure 0003544179
A:経糸の太さ (dtex)
B:緯糸の太さ (dtex)
W1:経密度 (本/in.)
W2:緯密度 (本/in.)
その第6は、高密度織物の用途がエアバック用である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法である。
【0010】
ここで本発明のエアバッグに適した高密度織物の製織方法について特徴を詳細に説明すると、製織時の筬の繊維充填率(式1)の値が110以下で製織することが必要である。
【数5】
Figure 0003544179
ここで規定している繊維充填率は、筬羽内で幅方向に繊維を並べてマルチフィラメント断面を円形と仮定した時の幅方向で充填率を規定したものである。筬羽間に繊維が密に入ると繊維間の摩擦が大きくなりマルチフィラメントの単糸が損傷しやすくなる。また、製織速度を上げるとマルチフィラメント単糸の損傷が大きくなったり、単糸の絡みが強くなり基布物性が低下する。この場合、繊維充填率をコントロールすることにより製織時の損傷を低減し、単糸切れ等によるトラブルでの停台回数を減少し生産効率を向上することができる。繊維充填率は、110%以下にすることが必要であり、好ましくは100%以下にすると良く、さらに好ましくは90%以下である。高密度織物を製織するには、筬密度が高くなり、繊維充填率が、110%以上の条件下で製織されているケースも多く、コントロールされていない。繊維充填率を小さくするためには、筬羽の空隙率が問題となる。筬羽の空隙率は、45%以上で70%未満が好適範囲であり、更に好ましくは、50%以上で65%未満が好適である。オサ羽の空隙率が45%未満になると高密度織物において、繊維充填率が大きくなり経糸繊維に損傷をきたし毛羽の発生により製織時、トラブルによる停台回数が大きくなる。また、基布強度も低下するようになり好ましくない。筬の空隙率を70%より大きくすると筬打ち込みによる緯糸の損傷が大きくなり基布強度が低下するので好ましくない。製織速度が大きくなると停台回数も増加し、繊維充填率の最適化が必要となる。製織速度増加による停台回数増加は、単糸の太さが小さくなるほど影響を受けやすく大きくなる。
【0011】
本発明に用いられる熱可塑性繊維の沸水収縮率は、5〜15%で有ることが必要である。沸水収縮率が、5%より小さいと低通気度が得られず、15%より大きいと収縮後の織物の厚さが厚くなりコンパクト性を損ねることとなり良くない。沸水収縮率の値は、5〜15%程度の物を用いるのが好ましいが、さらに好ましくは、8〜12%である。
【0012】
本発明における加熱処理温度は特に規定するものではなく、通常100〜200℃で実施する、好ましくは、160℃以下で処理をするのが低通気性を得るのにはよい。処理は、ヒートセッター、沸水バス等特に規定はしないが、縦及び横のオーバーフィードが、2〜15%程度可能な加工機を用いることができる。
【0013】
製織の仕方としては特に限定するものではないが、基布物性の均一性を勘案すると平織りが良く、織機は、エアージェットルーム、レピアルーム、ウオータージェットルーム等特に限定するものでない。
【0014】
本発明におけるエアバッグを構成する熱可塑性繊維としては、特に素材を限定するものではないが、特にナイロン6、ナイロン66、ナイロン46、ナイロン12、等の脂肪族ポイアミド繊維、ポリエチレンテレフタレートやポリブチレンテレフタレートなどのホモポリエステルが使用されるが特に限定するものではない。ただし、経済性や耐衝撃性を勘案するとナイロン66、ナイロン46、ナイロン6、が特に好ましい。また、これらの合成繊維には原糸製造工程や後加工工程での工程通過性を向上させるために、各種添加剤を含有または付与していても何ら問題はない。例えば、酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、平滑剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤等である。
【0015】
また、使用する原糸の総繊度および単糸繊度は総繊度が100〜550dtex、単糸繊度が6dtex以下が好ましい。更に好ましくは総繊度200dtex〜470dtex、単糸繊度4.4dtex以下である。ここで、総繊度が100dtex未満場合にはその部分での引張強力及び引裂強力が不足し、550dtexを超える場合には織物の柔軟性が損なわれ、収納性にとって不利になる。単糸繊度が6dtexを超える場合には、これも織物の柔軟性が損なわれ、収納性にとって不利になる。
【0016】
また、原糸は実質的に無撚あるいは甘撚が好ましく、更に好ましくは無撚が使用される。これは低単糸繊度糸を使用して低通気度織物を得ようとした場合、撚りを加えると単糸の拡がりを阻害し、低通気度化が困難になるためである。
【0017】
【実施例】
次に実施例により、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。なお、実施例中の物性は下記の方法で測定した。
【0018】
織密度:JIS L1096 6.6
【0019】
強度、伸度:JIS L1096
【0020】
通気度:JIS L1096
【0021】
沸水収縮率:JIS L1013 熱水収縮率B法 100℃
【0022】
停台回数:10日間製織した時の停台回数を24時間に換算した。(回/24時間)
実施例1〜実施例4及び比較例1〜比較例3
経糸に無撚の470dtex/72f(単糸繊度6.5dtex)、沸水収縮率=6.5%、緯糸には無撚の470dtex/72f、沸水収縮率=6.5%を、空隙率が、60%、50%、45%、40%、70%で筬羽数=10.0羽/cmの筬で製織後、沸水にて収縮加工し、140℃で乾燥仕上げし経密度54本/in、緯密度54本/inのノンコートエアバッグ用織物を得た。
このエアバッグ用織物の物性評価結果を表1に示す。
【0023】
【表1】
Figure 0003544179
【0024】
実施例5〜実施例8及び比較例4〜比較例6
経糸に無撚の350dtex/108f(単糸繊度3.2dtex)沸水収縮率=9.5%1種類、緯糸は無撚の350dtex/108f、沸水収縮率=9.5%を、空隙率が、45%、50%、60%、40%、70%で筬羽数=11.5羽/cmの筬で製織後平織にて製織後、90℃の温水で収縮加工し、140℃で乾燥セット仕上げし経密度63本/in、緯密度63本/inのノンコートエアバッグ織物を得た。このエアバッグ織物の物性評価結果を表2に示す。
【0025】
【表2】
Figure 0003544179
【0026】
表1、2から明らかなように、本発明の製織方法が製織速度を上げた時強度物性の低下することなく低通気性エアバック基布として適していることが判る。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、エアバッグ用織物として必要な機械的特性を保持しつつ、低通気性高密度エアバッグ用織物を効率良く生産する方法を提供することができる。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for weaving a fabric suitable for a fabric for an airbag, which is one of safety devices for automobiles, and more particularly to a weaving method for improving production efficiency while maintaining necessary mechanical properties.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the mounting rate of airbags as one of automobile safety components has been rapidly increasing with an increase in occupant safety awareness. The airbag is used to detect the impact of a car collision and generate high-temperature, high-pressure gas from the inflator. This gas rapidly deploys the airbag, which helps protect the occupants.
[0003]
Conventionally, a base fabric coated with a synthetic rubber such as chloroprene, chlorsulfonated olefin, or silicone has been used for an airbag for the purpose of heat resistance, air barrier properties (air permeability), and flame retardancy.
[0004]
However, these coated base fabrics have many disadvantages when used as airbag base fabrics because the weight of the base fabric is increased, the flexibility is reduced, the production cost is increased, and recycling is not possible. Even though some of the silicone-coated base fabrics which are still used at present have considerably improved the above-mentioned problems, they are still not satisfactory.
[0005]
In recent years, non-coated airbag base fabrics without coating have become mainstream, and various proposals have been made for weight reduction, good storage properties, and low air permeability. Among them, the single fiber fineness has been reduced to realize light weight, compactness, and low air permeability.
[0006]
Under these circumstances, when weaving high-density woven fabrics, if it is considered to increase the weaving speed in order to improve productivity, increasing the weaving speed tends to make the single yarn fineness smaller. In addition, the damage to the yarn due to friction with the reed greatly increases the physical properties of the base fabric. No good weaving method has been found for a weaving method that can cope with such a problem.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a weaving method of a high-density woven fabric suitable for an airbag that suppresses fiber damage when the weaving speed is increased, which cannot be solved by the above-described conventional method, and reduces troubles caused by stopping.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for solving the above-mentioned problems, that is, a first aspect of the present invention is to define the fiber filling factor of a reed at the time of weaving by the following (formula 1) and perform weaving with the value of the fiber filling factor of the reed being 110 or less. It is a weaving method of high-density fabric characterized by the
[Equation 3]
Figure 0003544179
N: Number of threads to put in one reed (number)
D: Warp thickness (dtex)
ρ: fiber density (g / cm 3 )
α: Reed porosity (%)
L: Number of reeds (book / cm)
The second aspect is the method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the value of the fiber filling rate of the reed is 100 or less, and the third aspect is that the value of the fiber filling rate of the reed is 90 or less. The fourth method is the method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the value of the fiber filling factor of the reed is 80 or less. The weaving method for a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the woven fabric has a cover factor of 2000 to 2500 (the cover factor is obtained by the following equation 2).
[0009]
(Equation 4)
Figure 0003544179
A: Warp thickness (dtex)
B: Weft thickness (dtex)
W1: density (book / in.)
W2: Weft density (book / in.)
The sixth aspect is the method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the use of the high-density woven fabric is for an airbag.
[0010]
Here, the features of the method for weaving a high-density woven fabric suitable for the airbag of the present invention will be described in detail. It is necessary that the fiber is filled at a fiber filling factor (formula 1) of 110 or less at the time of weaving.
(Equation 5)
Figure 0003544179
The fiber filling rate defined here is a value in which the filling rate is defined in the width direction when the fibers are arranged in the width direction in the reed wing and the cross section of the multifilament is assumed to be circular. When the fibers enter the space between the reeds, the friction between the fibers increases, and the single yarn of the multifilament is easily damaged. In addition, when the weaving speed is increased, the damage of the multifilament single yarn is increased, or the single yarn is entangled to deteriorate the physical properties of the base fabric. In this case, by controlling the fiber filling rate, damage during weaving can be reduced, and the number of stops due to troubles such as single yarn breakage can be reduced, thereby improving production efficiency. The fiber filling rate needs to be 110% or less, preferably 100% or less, and more preferably 90% or less. In order to weave a high-density woven fabric, the reed density increases and the fiber filling rate is often woven under a condition of 110% or more, and is not controlled. In order to reduce the fiber filling rate, the porosity of the reed dent becomes a problem. The porosity of the reed dent is preferably 45% or more and less than 70%, more preferably 50% or more and less than 65%. If the porosity of the wings is less than 45%, in a high-density woven fabric, the fiber filling rate increases, causing damage to the warp fibers, and the occurrence of fluff increases the number of stops due to troubles during weaving. In addition, the strength of the base fabric also decreases, which is not preferable. If the porosity of the reed is larger than 70%, the damage to the weft due to the reed driving is increased, and the strength of the base cloth is undesirably reduced. As the weaving speed increases, the number of stops increases, and the fiber filling rate needs to be optimized. An increase in the number of stops due to an increase in the weaving speed is more susceptible to and increases as the thickness of the single yarn decreases.
[0011]
The boiling water shrinkage of the thermoplastic fiber used in the present invention needs to be 5 to 15%. If the boiling water shrinkage is less than 5%, a low air permeability cannot be obtained, and if it is more than 15%, the thickness of the woven fabric after shrinkage becomes large and compactness is impaired, which is not good. The value of the boiling water shrinkage is preferably about 5 to 15%, more preferably 8 to 12%.
[0012]
The heat treatment temperature in the present invention is not particularly limited, and the heat treatment is usually carried out at 100 to 200 ° C, preferably at 160 ° C or less, in order to obtain low air permeability. The treatment is not particularly limited, such as a heat setter, a boiling water bath, or the like, but a processing machine capable of vertical and horizontal overfeed of about 2 to 15% can be used.
[0013]
The method of weaving is not particularly limited, but plain weaving is preferable in consideration of the uniformity of the properties of the base fabric, and the loom is not particularly limited, such as an air jet room, a rapier room, and a water jet room.
[0014]
The thermoplastic fiber constituting the airbag in the present invention is not particularly limited to a material, but is preferably an aliphatic poamide fiber such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 46, nylon 12, polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate. Such a homopolyester is used, but is not particularly limited. However, in consideration of economy and impact resistance, nylon 66, nylon 46, and nylon 6 are particularly preferable. In addition, there is no problem even if these synthetic fibers contain or add various additives in order to improve the processability in the yarn production process and the post-processing process. For example, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, leveling agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants and the like.
[0015]
Further, the total fineness and single yarn fineness of the raw yarn used are preferably 100 to 550 dtex in total fineness and 6 dtex or less in single yarn fineness. More preferably, the total fineness is 200 dtex to 470 dtex, and the single yarn fineness is 4.4 dtex or less. Here, if the total fineness is less than 100 dtex, the tensile strength and tear strength at that portion are insufficient, and if it exceeds 550 dtex, the flexibility of the woven fabric is impaired, which is disadvantageous for storage. If the single-fiber fineness exceeds 6 dtex, this also impairs the flexibility of the woven fabric, which is disadvantageous for storability.
[0016]
The raw yarn is preferably substantially non-twisted or sweet-twisted, and more preferably non-twisted. This is because, when trying to obtain a low-permeability woven fabric using a low-filament single-filament yarn, twisting impairs the spread of the single yarn, making it difficult to reduce the air permeability.
[0017]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. The physical properties in the examples were measured by the following methods.
[0018]
Weaving density: JIS L1096 6.6
[0019]
Strength, elongation: JIS L1096
[0020]
Air permeability: JIS L1096
[0021]
Boiling water shrinkage: JIS L1013 Hot water shrinkage B method 100 ° C
[0022]
Number of stops: The number of stops when weaving for 10 days was converted to 24 hours. (Times / 24 hours)
Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3
The warp has a non-twisted 470 dtex / 72f (single fiber fineness of 6.5 dtex), boiling water shrinkage = 6.5%, and the weft has a non-twisted 470 dtex / 72f, boiling water shrinkage = 6.5%, and the porosity. After weaving with 60%, 50%, 45%, 40%, and 70% reeds with the number of reeds = 10.0 birds / cm, shrink-treated with boiling water, dried at 140 ° C, finished with a density of 54 / in. A woven fabric for a non-coated airbag having a weft density of 54 strands / in was obtained.
Table 1 shows the physical property evaluation results of the airbag fabric.
[0023]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003544179
[0024]
Examples 5 to 8 and Comparative Examples 4 to 6
The warp has no twist of 350 dtex / 108f (single yarn fineness of 3.2 dtex) boiling water shrinkage = 9.5%, and the weft has no twist of 350 dtex / 108f, boiling water shrinkage = 9.5%, and the porosity is 45%, 50%, 60%, 40%, 70%, weaving with a reed with the number of reeds = 11.5 birds / cm, weaving with plain weave, shrinking with warm water at 90 ° C, and drying at 140 ° C After finishing, a non-coated airbag fabric having a warp density of 63 wires / in and a weft density of 63 wires / in was obtained. Table 2 shows the physical property evaluation results of this airbag fabric.
[0025]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003544179
[0026]
As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the weaving method of the present invention is suitable as a low-breathable airbag base fabric without a decrease in strength properties when the weaving speed is increased.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention can provide a method for efficiently producing a low-permeability, high-density airbag fabric while maintaining the mechanical properties required for an airbag fabric.

Claims (6)

製織時の筬の繊維充填率を下(式1)で定義し、該筬の繊維充填率の値を110以下として製織することを特徴とする高密度織物の製織法。
Figure 0003544179
N:筬1羽に入れる糸の本数(本)
D:経糸の太さ(dtex)
ρ:繊維の密度(g/cm
α:筬空隙率 (%)
L:筬羽数 (本/cm)
A weaving method for a high-density woven fabric, wherein the fiber filling rate of a reed at the time of weaving is defined by the following (formula 1), and the value of the fiber filling rate of the reed is 110 or less.
Figure 0003544179
N: Number of threads to put in one reed
D: Warp thickness (dtex)
ρ: fiber density (g / cm 3 )
α: Reed porosity (%)
L: Number of reeds (book / cm)
筬の繊維充填率の値が100以下である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法。The method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the reed has a fiber filling factor of 100 or less. 筬の繊維充填率の値が90以下である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法。The method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the reed has a fiber filling factor of 90 or less. 筬の繊維充填率の値が80以下である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法。The method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the reed has a fiber filling factor of 80 or less. 高密度織物のカバーファクターが2000〜2500の請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法。尚、カバーファクターは、下式2で求められる。
Figure 0003544179
A:経糸の太さ (dtex)
B:緯糸の太さ (dtex)
W1:経密度 (本/in.)
W2:緯密度 (本/in.)
The method for weaving a high-density woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein the high-density woven fabric has a cover factor of 2000 to 2500. Note that the cover factor is obtained by the following equation (2).
Figure 0003544179
A: Warp thickness (dtex)
B: Weft thickness (dtex)
W1: density (book / in.)
W2: Weft density (book / in.)
高密度織物の用途がエアバック用である請求項1記載の高密度織物の製織法。The method for weaving a high-density fabric according to claim 1, wherein the use of the high-density fabric is for an airbag.
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