JP3733869B2 - High density fabric for airbags - Google Patents

High density fabric for airbags Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3733869B2
JP3733869B2 JP2001121435A JP2001121435A JP3733869B2 JP 3733869 B2 JP3733869 B2 JP 3733869B2 JP 2001121435 A JP2001121435 A JP 2001121435A JP 2001121435 A JP2001121435 A JP 2001121435A JP 3733869 B2 JP3733869 B2 JP 3733869B2
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Prior art keywords
kpa
fabric
air permeability
density
density fabric
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JP2001121435A
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JP2002317343A (en
Inventor
守 北村
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Toyobo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2001121435A priority Critical patent/JP3733869B2/en
Priority to US10/044,233 priority patent/US6832633B2/en
Priority to CNB021078823A priority patent/CN100400341C/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は自動車用安全装置の一つであるエアバッグ用織物に適したものであり、更に詳しくは、必要な機械的特性を保持しつつ、高圧時の通気度特性の高い低通気度を有するエアバック用高密度織物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、自動車安全部品の一つとしてのエアバックは乗員の安全意識の向上に伴い、急速に装着率が向上している。エアバックは自動車の衝突事故の際、衝撃をセンサーが感知し、インフレーターから高温、高圧のガスを発生させ、このガスによってエアバックを急激に展開させ、乗員保護に役立つものである。
【0003】
従来、エアバックにはクロロプレン、クロルスルフォン化オレフィン、シリコーンなどの合成ゴムが塗布された基布が、耐熱性、空気遮断性(通気度)、難燃性の目的から使用されていた。
【0004】
しかしながら、これらのコーテイング基布は基布重量の増加、柔軟性の低下、製造コストの増加 、リサイクルが難しいのため、エアバック用基布に使用するには不具合な点が多かった。現在でも一部で使用されているシリコンコーテイング基布は上記不具合点がかなり改善されてはきたが、まだ満足できるものではない。
【0005】
そこで、最近はコーテイングを施さないノンコートエアバック用基布が主流になっており、軽量で良好な収納性と低通気度化のために様々な提案がなされている。このような現状において、ノンコートエアバック基布では、更なる軽量で低通気度をそなえた基布が求められている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記従来の方法では解決できていない軽量で安定した織物強度物性と高圧下での通気度性能の大きい低通気性織物を得ることによりエアバッグに適した高密度織物を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するための手段、すなわち、本発明の第1は、沸水収縮率8〜12%のナイロン66マルチフィラメントを用いた織物を沸水収縮加工後乾燥セットした織物であって、経糸と緯糸のクリンプ率差が4%以上であり、50kPa差圧下における通気度が2.5L/cm/min.以下であり、式1で求められる通気度指数(50kPa)が1.2以上であることを特徴とするエアバック用高密度織物であり、
通気度指数(50kPa)
=(Log(Q(55kPa))−Log(Q(45kPa)))/(Log55−Log45)…(式1)
Q(55kPa):55kPa差圧における通気度 (l/cm/min)
Q(45kPa):45kPa差圧における通気度 (l/cm/min)
その第2は、通気度指数(50kPa)が1.3以上である請求項1に記載のエアバッグ用高密度織物であり、その第3は、製織前の原糸の交絡度が10〜30コ/mである請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載のエアバッグ用高密度織物であり、その第4は、高密度織物における(式2)で求められるカバーファクターが、1800〜2400である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のエアバック用高密度織物であり、
カバーファクタ−=√(経糸繊度 dtex)x(経糸密度 本/inch)+√(緯糸繊度 dtex)x(緯糸密度 本/inch) …(式2)
その第5は、高密度織物の経糸又は緯糸の交絡度が8コ/m以下である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のエアバック用高密度織物である。
【0008】
ここで本発明のエアバッグに適した高密度織物の特徴を詳細に説明すると、織物を構成する経糸及び緯糸のクリンプ率の差は4%以上であり、好ましくは5%以上であり、更に好ましくは6%以上である。クリンプ率の差が4%未満であると高圧下での通気度性能が大きくする事ができず好ましくない。分解糸の交絡度が経糸および/または緯糸において8コ/m以下が好ましく、より好ましくは6コ/m以下である。分解糸の交絡度が8コ/mを超えると通気度が高くなり良くない。
【0009】
本発明における50kPa差圧下における通気度は、2.5L/cm2/min.以下であり、好ましくは、2L/cm2/min.以下であり、更に好ましくは1.5L/cm2/min.以下である。50kPa差圧下での通気度が2.5L/cm2/min.を超えると展開時物性が良くない。
【0010】
本発明における50kPa差圧下における通気度指数は、1.2以上が好ましく、より好ましくは1.3以上であり、さらに好ましくは1.5以上であり、特に1.8以上が好ましい。1.2未満では、エアバックの展開時高圧下で乗員への衝撃を低下させることが不充分となるため好ましくない。
【0011】
原糸の交絡度は、10〜30個/mが好ましく、より好ましくは、15〜25コ/mである。交絡度が、10コ/m未満であると毛羽の発生で製織効率が低下し毛羽による欠点が多くなり品位が低下するので好ましくない。また、交絡度が、30コ/mより大きくなると製織後の織物を構成する糸の残留交絡度が大きくなり低通気性が得られなくなり、また、強度低下の原因になり好ましくない。
【0012】
本発明におけるカバーファクターは、1800〜2400である事が好ましい、更に好ましくは、1900〜2300である。カバーファクターが、1800未満であると低通気度が得られず良くない、カバーファクターが、2400を超えると製織時のトラブルが多くなり生産性が低下して好ましくない。
【0013】
本発明に用いられる熱可塑性繊維の沸水収縮率は、8〜12%で有ることが必要である。沸水収縮率が、8%より小さいと低通気度が得られず、12%より大きいと収縮後の織物の厚さが厚くなりコンパクト性を損ねることとなり良くない。本発明における加熱処理温度は特に規定するものではなく、通常100〜200℃で実施する、好ましくは、160℃以下で処理をするのが低通気性を得るのにはよい。処理は、ヒートセッター、沸水バス等特に規定はしないが、縦及び横のオーバーフィードが、0〜15%程度可能な加工機を用いることができる。沸水加工時のオーバーフィードは、乾燥セット時のオーバーフィードの3倍以上であり、好ましくは5倍以上であり、更に好ましくは、10倍以上である。沸水加工は、必ずしも沸水を用いる必要は無く70〜100℃の温水を用いることができる。
【0014】
製織の仕方としては特に限定するものではないが、基布物性の均一性を勘案すると平織りが良く、織機は、エアージェットルーム、レピアルーム、ウオータージェットルーム等特に限定するものでない。
【0015】
本発明におけるエアバッグを構成する熱可塑性繊維としては、ナイロン66が使用される。また、この合成繊維には原糸製造工程や後加工工程での工程通過性を向上させるために、各種添加剤を含有または付与していても何ら問題はない。例えば、酸化防止剤、熱安定剤、平滑剤、帯電防止剤、難燃剤等である。
【0016】
また、使用する原糸の総繊度および単糸繊度は総繊度が100〜550dtex、単糸繊度が6dtex以下が良い。好ましくは総繊度150dtex〜470dtex、単糸繊度4.4dtex以下である。更に好ましくは、総繊度200dtex〜400dtex、単糸繊度3.3dtex以下である。すなわち、総繊度が100dtex未満場合にはその部分での引張強力及び引裂強力が不足し、550dtexを超える場合には織物の柔軟性が損なわれ、収納性にとって不利になる。単糸繊度が6dtexを超える場合には、これも織物の柔軟性が損なわれ、収納性にとって不利になる。
【0017】
[実施例]
以下実施例により、本発明を更に詳しく説明する。なお、実施例中の物性は下記の方法で測定した。
【0018】
クリンプ率:JIS L1096 6.7 B法
【0019】
交絡度:原糸及び分解糸の交絡度は、荷重(式2)を加えた糸で針の移動量により交絡間距離を測定し1メートルにある交絡数を計算により求めた。
荷重(g)=0.045xマルチフィラメントの繊度(dtex)…(式2)
【0020】
沸水収縮率:JIS L1013 熱水収縮率B法 100℃
【0021】
織密度:JIS L1096 6.6
【0022】
強度及び伸度:JIS L1096 6.12 A法
【0023】
引き裂き強力:JIS L1096 6.15 A−1法
【0024】
実施例1〜実施例3及び比較例1〜比較例2
経糸及び緯糸に表1に示す物性の原糸350dtex/108f(単糸繊度3.3dtex)を平織にてウオータージェットルームで製織後、沸水にて収縮加工し、130℃で乾燥仕上げし経密度60本/in、緯密度60本/inのノンコートエアバッグ織物を得た。このエアバッグ織物の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0025】
【表1】

Figure 0003733869
【0026】
実施例4〜実施例5及び比較例3〜比較例5
経糸及び緯糸に表2に示す物性の原糸350dtex/72f(単糸繊度4.9dtex)を平織にてウオータージェットルームで製織後、沸水にて収縮加工し、150℃で乾燥セット仕上げし、経密度62本/in、緯密度62本/inのノンコートエアバッグ織物を得た。このエアバッグ織物の評価結果を表2に示す。
【0027】
【表2】
Figure 0003733869
【0028】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、エアバッグ用織物として必要な軽量で安定した織物強度物性と高圧下で通気度性能の大きい低通気性織物を得られ、エアバッグに適した高密度織物が提供出来る。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is suitable for airbag fabrics, which are one of safety devices for automobiles. More specifically, the present invention has low air permeability with high air permeability characteristics at high pressure while maintaining necessary mechanical characteristics. The present invention relates to a high-density fabric for air bags.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the installation rate of an air bag as one of automobile safety parts has been rapidly improved with the improvement of safety awareness of passengers. Airbags are useful for protecting passengers by detecting high-pressure, high-pressure gas from an inflator when a car crash occurs, and then rapidly deploying the air bag with this gas.
[0003]
Conventionally, a base fabric coated with a synthetic rubber such as chloroprene, chlorosulfonated olefin, or silicone has been used for the purpose of heat resistance, air barrier property (air permeability), and flame retardancy.
[0004]
However, since these coating base fabrics have increased base weight, reduced flexibility, increased manufacturing costs, and are difficult to recycle, there are many problems in using them for air bag base fabrics. Although the silicon coating base fabric used in some parts has improved the above-mentioned defects considerably, it is still not satisfactory.
[0005]
In recent years, therefore, non-coated airbag base fabrics that have not been coated have become mainstream, and various proposals have been made for light weight, good storage, and low air permeability. Under such circumstances, there is a demand for a non-coated airbag base fabric that is further lightweight and has a low air permeability.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a high-density fabric suitable for an air bag by obtaining a light and stable fabric strength physical property that cannot be solved by the above-mentioned conventional methods and a low breathability fabric having a large air permeability under high pressure.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Means for solving the above-mentioned problem, that is, the first aspect of the present invention is a woven fabric obtained by drying and setting a woven fabric using nylon 66 multifilament having a boiling water shrinkage rate of 8 to 12% after boiling water shrinkage processing. The crimp rate difference is 4% or more, and the air permeability under a differential pressure of 50 kPa is 2.5 L / cm 2 / min. It is a high-density fabric for an air bag, wherein the air permeability index (50 kPa) obtained by Formula 1 is 1.2 or more,
Air permeability index (50kPa)
= (Log (Q (55 kPa))-Log (Q (45 kPa))) / (Log55-Log45) (Formula 1)
Q (55 kPa): Air permeability at 55 kPa differential pressure (l / cm 2 / min)
Q (45 kPa): Air permeability at a differential pressure of 45 kPa (l / cm 2 / min)
The second is a high-density fabric for an air bag according to claim 1, wherein the air permeability index (50 kPa) is 1.3 or more, and the third is an entanglement degree of the raw yarn before weaving of 10 to 30 The high-density fabric for airbags according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the cover factor determined by (Expression 2) in the high-density fabric is 1800 to 2400. It is the high-density fabric for airbags in any one of Claims 1-3,
Cover factor− = √ (warp fineness dtex) × (warp density book / inch) + √ (weft fineness dtex) × (weft density book / inch) (Formula 2)
The 5th is the high-density fabric for airbags in any one of Claims 1-4 whose entanglement degree of the warp or weft of a high-density fabric is 8 co / m or less.
[0008]
Here, the characteristics of the high-density fabric suitable for the airbag of the present invention will be described in detail. The difference in the crimp ratio between the warp and the weft constituting the fabric is 4% or more, preferably 5% or more, more preferably Is 6% or more. If the difference in the crimp ratio is less than 4%, the air permeability performance under high pressure cannot be increased, which is not preferable. The entanglement degree of the decomposed yarn is preferably 8 co / m or less, more preferably 6 co / m or less in the warp and / or the weft. When the entanglement degree of the decomposed yarn exceeds 8 k / m, the air permeability becomes high, which is not good.
[0009]
The air permeability under a differential pressure of 50 kPa in the present invention is 2.5 L / cm 2 / min. Or less, preferably 2 L / cm 2 / min. Or less, more preferably 1.5 L / cm 2 / min. Or less. . If the air permeability under a differential pressure of 50kPa exceeds 2.5L / cm2 / min., The physical properties at the time of deployment are not good.
[0010]
In the present invention, the air permeability index under a differential pressure of 50 kPa is preferably 1.2 or more, more preferably 1.3 or more, still more preferably 1.5 or more, and particularly preferably 1.8 or more. If it is less than 1.2, it is not preferable to reduce the impact on the occupant under high pressure when the airbag is deployed.
[0011]
The entanglement degree of the raw yarn is preferably 10-30 pieces / m, and more preferably 15-25 co / m. If the degree of entanglement is less than 10 k / m, the weaving efficiency is lowered due to the generation of fuzz, and defects due to the fuzz increase, resulting in a decrease in quality. On the other hand, if the entanglement degree is greater than 30 co / m, the residual entanglement degree of the yarns constituting the woven fabric after weaving becomes large, and low air permeability cannot be obtained, and this causes a decrease in strength, which is not preferable.
[0012]
The cover factor in the present invention is preferably 1800 to 2400, more preferably 1900 to 2300. If the cover factor is less than 1800, low air permeability cannot be obtained, which is not good. If the cover factor exceeds 2400, troubles during weaving increase and productivity is lowered.
[0013]
The boiling water shrinkage of the thermoplastic fiber used in the present invention needs to be 8 to 12%. If the boiling water shrinkage rate is less than 8%, a low air permeability cannot be obtained. If the boiling water shrinkage rate is more than 12%, the thickness of the woven fabric after shrinkage becomes thick and the compactness is deteriorated. The heat treatment temperature in the present invention is not particularly specified, and it is usually carried out at 100 to 200 ° C., preferably at 160 ° C. or less for obtaining low air permeability. The treatment is not particularly defined, such as a heat setter or a boiling water bath, but a processing machine capable of about 0 to 15% of vertical and horizontal overfeed can be used. The overfeed at the time of boiling water processing is at least 3 times, preferably at least 5 times, more preferably at least 10 times the overfeed at the time of drying set. In boiling water processing, it is not always necessary to use boiling water, and hot water of 70 to 100 ° C. can be used.
[0014]
The weaving method is not particularly limited, but considering the uniformity of the physical properties of the base fabric, plain weaving is good, and the loom is not particularly limited, such as an air jet loom, a rapier room, or a water jet loom.
[0015]
Nylon 66 is used as the thermoplastic fiber constituting the airbag in the present invention. Moreover, in order to improve the process passability in the raw yarn manufacturing process and the post-processing process, there is no problem even if various additives are contained or added to this synthetic fiber. For example, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, smoothing agents, antistatic agents, flame retardants and the like.
[0016]
The total fineness and single yarn fineness of the raw yarn to be used are preferably 100 to 550 dtex, and the single yarn fineness is 6 dtex or less. Preferably, the total fineness is 150 dtex to 470 dtex, and the single yarn fineness is 4.4 dtex or less. More preferably, the total fineness is 200 dtex to 400 dtex, and the single yarn fineness is 3.3 dtex or less. That is, when the total fineness is less than 100 dtex, the tensile strength and tear strength at that portion are insufficient, and when it exceeds 550 dtex, the flexibility of the fabric is impaired, which is disadvantageous for storage. If the single yarn fineness exceeds 6 dtex, this also impairs the flexibility of the woven fabric, which is disadvantageous for storage.
[0017]
[Example]
The following examples further illustrate the present invention. In addition, the physical property in an Example was measured with the following method.
[0018]
Crimp rate: JIS L1096 6.7 Method B [0019]
Degree of entanglement: The degree of entanglement between the original yarn and the decomposed yarn was obtained by calculating the number of entanglements in 1 meter by measuring the distance between the entanglements by the amount of movement of the needle with the load (formula 2).
Load (g) = 0.045x Multifilament fineness (dtex) (Equation 2)
[0020]
Boiling water shrinkage: JIS L1013 Hot water shrinkage B method 100 ° C
[0021]
Woven density: JIS L1096 6.6
[0022]
Strength and elongation: JIS L1096 6.12 Method A [0023]
Tearing strength: JIS L1096 6.15 Method A-1 [0024]
Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2
For warp and weft, the original yarn 350dtex / 108f (single yarn fineness 3.3dtex) with physical properties shown in Table 1 is weaved in a plain weave in a water jet loom, shrink-processed in boiling water, dried at 130 ° C and finished with a warp density of 60 A non-coated airbag fabric having a line / in and a weft density of 60 / in was obtained. The evaluation results of this airbag fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003733869
[0026]
Examples 4 to 5 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5
For warp and weft, the original yarn 350dtex / 72f (single yarn fineness 4.9dtex) with physical properties shown in Table 2 is weaved in a plain weave in the water jet loom, shrunk with boiling water, and dried and set at 150 ° C. A non-coated airbag fabric having a density of 62 / in and a weft density of 62 / in was obtained. The evaluation results of this airbag fabric are shown in Table 2.
[0027]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003733869
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, a lightweight and stable fabric strength physical property required as an airbag fabric and a low breathability fabric having a high air permeability under high pressure can be obtained, and a high density fabric suitable for an airbag can be provided.

Claims (5)

沸水収縮率8〜12%のナイロン66マルチフィラメントを用いた織物を沸水収縮加工後乾燥セットした織物であって、経糸と緯糸のクリンプ率差が4%以上であり、50kPa差圧下における通気度が2.5L/cm/min.以下であり、式1で求められる通気度指数(50kPa)が1.2以上であることを特徴とするエアバック用高密度織物。
通気度指数(50kPa)
=(Log(Q(55kPa))−Log(Q(45kPa)))/(Log55−Log45)…(式1)
Q(55kPa):55kPa差圧における通気度 (l/cm/min)
Q(45kPa):45kPa差圧における通気度 (l/cm/min)
A woven fabric using a nylon 66 multifilament having a boiling water shrinkage of 8-12% and a drying set after boiling water shrinkage processing. 2.5 L / cm 2 / min. A high-density fabric for an air bag, wherein the air permeability index (50 kPa) obtained by Formula 1 is 1.2 or more.
Air permeability index (50kPa)
= (Log (Q (55 kPa))-Log (Q (45 kPa))) / (Log55-Log45) (Formula 1)
Q (55 kPa): Air permeability at 55 kPa differential pressure (l / cm 2 / min)
Q (45 kPa): Air permeability at a differential pressure of 45 kPa (l / cm 2 / min)
通気度指数(50kPa)が1.3以上である請求項1記載のエアバッグ用高密度織物。The high-density fabric for an air bag according to claim 1, wherein the air permeability index (50 kPa) is 1.3 or more. 製織前の原糸の交絡度が10〜30コ/mである請求項1〜2のいずれかに記載のエアバッグ用高密度織物。The high density fabric for an air bag according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the entanglement degree of the raw yarn before weaving is 10 to 30 k / m. 高密度織物における(式2)で求められるカバーファクターが、1800〜2400である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載のエアバック用高密度織物。
カバーファクタ−=√(経糸繊度 dtex)x(経糸密度 本/inch)+√(緯糸繊度 dtex)x(緯糸密度 本/inch) …(式2)
The cover factor calculated | required by (Formula 2) in a high-density fabric is 1800-2400, The high-density fabric for airbags in any one of Claims 1-3.
Cover factor− = √ (warp fineness dtex) × (warp density book / inch) + √ (weft fineness dtex) × (weft density book / inch) (Formula 2)
高密度織物の経糸又は緯糸の交絡度が8コ/m以下である請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のエアバック用高密度織物。The high-density fabric for airbag according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the entanglement degree of the warp or weft of the high-density fabric is 8 co / m or less.
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