JP3537433B1 - Fixed high magnification switching microscope - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 Provided is a fixed high-magnification switching microscope that can be switched to a fixed high magnification as required while having a normal variable magnification and does not become dark even at a high magnification. SOLUTION: A prism (reflection means) 14 having a fixed high magnification second optical axis B bypassing the variable power optical system and capable of moving in and out of the first optical axis A is used to change the observation optical path itself as necessary. From the first optical axis for variable normal magnification to the second for fixed high magnification
When switching to the optical axis, a clear magnified image with high magnification and high resolution can be obtained. In addition, when two illumination systems L1 and L2 are provided and a fixed high-magnification visual field is observed, both illumination systems are used. Because it illuminates, it does not darken even at high magnification.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 【Technical field】

The present invention relates to a fixed high-magnification switching type microscope, particularly for medical use, and it is possible to switch from a state of observation at a normal variable magnification to a fixed high magnification as required. Things.

[Background Art]

2. Description of the Related Art At a medical site, a microscope used for surgery is a stereoscopic (substantial) microscope capable of stereoscopically observing an affected part. That is, the two beams of light reflected from the affected part are guided to two pupils of the doctor via the objective optical system, the variable power optical system, and the eyepiece optical system. Then, the doctor stretches his / her hand while enlarging the affected part in the field of view as necessary by using the variable power optical system (zoom) while observing the eyepiece optical system with his eyes. To take appropriate measures.

[Patent Document 1] JP-A-7-113959

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION [Problems to be solved by the invention]

[0003] However, such a conventional microscope has a variable magnification optical system, so that there is a limit to a magnification at which an affected part can be observed with a clear resolution. That is, there is a limit to the magnification by the variable power optical system (about 25 times), and when the magnification is further increased, the observed image becomes blurred. Therefore, there are limitations in the surgical operations that can be performed with a conventional microscope, for example, microvessels (approximately 100 microns in diameter) that rescue cut fingers.
, Or surgical operation on cultured tissue created by biotechnology could not be performed.

Therefore, in recent years, there has been a demand for a microscope capable of performing high-resolution observation without blurring an image even at a high magnification exceeding the normal magnification. If a high-magnification, high-resolution dedicated microscope is manufactured without the variable magnification optical system only for micro operation, the microscope itself must be replaced when normal magnification is required for the whole observation. Impractical.

The present invention has been made in response to such a demand, and it is possible to switch to a fixed high magnification as required while providing a normal variable magnification. The present invention provides a fixed high-magnification switching microscope that does not have to be.

[Means for Solving the Problems]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, at least a variable-magnification optical system and an eyepiece optical system are arranged on a pair of first optical axes for variable normal magnification passing through one objective optical system, respectively. A pair of fixed high-magnification second optical axes bypassing the variable power optical system between the objective optical system and the variable power optical system; A fixed high-magnification switching type microscope, wherein a reflecting means for totally reflecting the light beam passing through the second optical axis side is disposed in and out, and a first illumination system for illuminating a field of view with a variable normal magnification; It has a second illumination system for illuminating a fixed high-magnification field of view, irradiating only illumination light from the first illumination system during variable normal magnification observation, and illuminating light from the first and second illumination systems during fixed high-magnification observation. Both illumination lights are irradiated.

【The invention's effect】

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a second optical axis for fixed high magnification which bypasses the variable power optical system, and the reflection means which can be put in and out of the first optical axis allows observation as required. In order to switch the optical path itself from the first optical axis for variable normal magnification to the second optical axis for fixed high magnification, a clear magnified image with high magnification and high resolution is obtained, and two illumination systems are provided. When observing a fixed high-magnification field of view, the light is illuminated by both illumination systems.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the illumination light from the second illumination system is irradiated from an oblique direction with respect to the focal position of the objective optical system, and the irradiation position moves on the first optical system. Move together.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the illumination light from the second illumination system that illuminates the fixed high magnification field of view moves integrally with the objective optical system. Even when the light is irradiated obliquely, the focus position of the objective optical system can always be continuously illuminated in the same state.

According to a third aspect of the invention, the illumination light from the first illumination system and the second illumination system is applied to the focal position of the objective optical system from oblique directions opposite to each other.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the focal position of the objective optical system can be illuminated by the illumination light of the first illumination system and the illumination light of the second illumination system from diagonally opposite directions. In addition, it is possible to illuminate a minute portion observed at a high magnification without unevenness.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
A description will be given based on FIG. The microscope according to this embodiment is used as a surgical microscope that can be viewed stereoscopically. This microscope has a first optical axis A substantially along the vertical direction, and observes the affected part T from directly above.

The first optical axis A passes through an objective optical system composed of one objective lens 1 so that the objective lens 1
Above, is divided into two in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 and FIG. The rear side of the objective lens 1 has a cut shape in order to avoid interference with an illumination system described later (see FIG. 4). Then, on a first optical axis A divided into two, a variable power optical system including four lenses 2, an imaging lens 3, a beam splitter 4, an eyepiece optical system including a variable lens barrel 5 and an eyepiece unit 6. Is arranged.

The lens 2 of the variable power optical system is composed of two lenses in one set, and the magnification is changed by moving them closer and farther apart. In this embodiment, the magnification can be changed in the range of 4 to 24 times by the variable power optical system. The upper end of the first optical axis A is bent rightward by the beam splitter 4 to the front side to reach the eyepiece optical system. Since the optical structure in the eyepiece optical system is well known, the description is omitted.

Above the beam splitter 4, another beam splitter 7 is disposed, and the light beam split by the lower beam splitter 4 is passed through an imaging lens 8 and a magnifying lens 9 to a counter eyepiece for an assistant. Leading to the optical system. The opposing eyepiece optical system also includes a variable lens barrel 10 and an eyepiece 11. Further, a prism 12 is disposed further above the upper beam splitter 7,
By this prism 12, the upper beam splitter 7
Are reflected to the rear side and can be recorded by the television camera 13.

A prism 14 is provided between the objective lens 1 and the lens 2 of the variable power optical system as a reflecting means which can be moved in and out of the first optical axis A by a well-known slide mechanism. Incidentally, the prism 14 may be a mirror. The prism 14 reflects the light beam reflected from the affected part T at a right angle toward the rear side, and the variable magnification optical system is bypassed to the rear side between the prism 14 and the beam splitter 4. Thus, the second optical axis B for fixed high magnification is formed.

The second optical axis B is connected to the eyepiece 6 of the eyepiece optical system.
The shape of the microscope does not protrude to the front side (the eyepiece optical system side) because it is detoured to the side opposite to the direction of, and the doctor shifts his eyes slightly from the eyepiece 6 and checks the affected part T with the naked eye. In this case, the microscope shape does not become an obstacle, and visual observation is advantageous.

On the second optical axis B, an imaging lens 15,
A magnifying lens 16, a prism 17, a magnifying lens 18, and a prism 19 are arranged in this order, and the upper beam splitter 4
To the first optical axis A. The second for this fixed high magnification
By the optical element arranged on the optical axis B, magnification of 50 times and high resolution can be performed.

Below the microscope, there are provided a first illumination system L1 for illuminating a wide visual field E having a variable normal magnification, and a second illumination system L2 for illuminating a narrow visual field e having a fixed high magnification. The first illumination system L1 includes a fiber 2 guided from a light source.
It is composed of zero, two lenses 21 and one mirror 22, and can irradiate the affected part T obliquely with illumination light having a predetermined spread from the rear side.

The second illumination system L2 includes a fiber 23 guided from a light source, two lenses 24, and three mirrors 2.
5, 26 and 27, and can irradiate the parallel illumination light obliquely to the diseased part T from the front side. Second
In the illumination system L2, the space between the mirror 25 and the mirror 26 is vertical illumination light parallel to the first optical axis A, and the space between the mirror 26 and the mirror 27 is horizontal illumination light perpendicular to the first optical axis A.

Below the two mirrors 26 and 27, a first
A cover glass 28 through which the optical axis A passes is provided.
The cover glass 28 and the two mirrors 2
6, 27 are integrally formed by a bracket (not shown)
It is connected to the objective lens 1. Therefore, the objective lens 1
When the mirror moves up and down along the first optical axis A for focusing, the mirrors 26 and 27 and the cover glass 28 also move up and down by the same stroke (see FIG. 3).

According to the present embodiment, the prism 14 as the reflecting means is removed from the first optical axis A, so that the affected part T
Is reflected along the first optical axis A to the eyepiece 6 of the eyepiece optical system, and the doctor looking at the eyepiece 6
Observation can be performed while changing the magnification of the visual field E of the normal magnification. At this time, only the illumination light from the first illumination system L1 is irradiated on the affected part T.

Next, for example, when performing the operation of the finest part in the joining operation of microvessels having a diameter of about 100 microns, the prism 14 is placed on the first optical axis A and reflected from the affected part T. The guided light beam is guided to the second optical axis B side. By the optical element arranged on the second optical axis B, 5
Since the magnification is as high as 0 times, microsurgical operations such as suturing microvessels with fine threads can be performed reliably. Further, since the variable power optical system is not provided on the second optical axis B, a clear and high-resolution observation image without unevenness can be obtained.

When switching to the second optical axis B for the fixed high magnification, the second illumination system L2 is also turned on, so that the diseased part T can be illuminated by being superimposed on the illumination light of the first illumination system L1. Therefore, the field of view e does not become dark even at a high magnification.

Further, the second illumination system L2 includes two mirrors 2
6 and 27 move up and down together with the objective lens 1,
Even though the illumination light of the illumination system L2 is thinly and obliquely emitted, it is possible to always illuminate the affected part T that matches the focal position of the objective lens 1 in the same state.

Further, since the affected part T can be illuminated from the diagonal directions facing each other with the illumination light of the first illumination system L1 and the illumination light of the second illumination system L2, a minute affected part observed at a high magnification can be illuminated. T can be evenly illuminated. Inactive

Although the magnifying lenses 16 and 18 arranged on the second optical axis B side are those having a magnification of 50 times, these magnifying lenses 16 and 18 are interchangeable and have other magnifications (for example, If the magnification is 30 times or 40 times, it can be replaced with another magnifying lens.

[Industrial applicability]

According to the present invention, the observation optical path itself can be switched from the first optical axis for the variable normal magnification to the second optical axis for the fixed high magnification, if necessary. In addition, when a clear magnified image is obtained and two illumination systems are provided, and a fixed high-magnification visual field is observed, the illumination is performed by both illumination systems. Therefore, it is possible to join microvessels (approximately 100 microns in diameter) and perform surgical operations on cultured tissues created by biotechnology, which were impossible with conventional microscopes. The horizons of the territory are broadly presented, resulting in a large demand for renewal or renewal of conventional treatment devices, for example in the medical device field, contributing to the development of the industry. It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the medical field, but can be widely used in research fields, manufacturing fields, inspection fields, and the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

[0029]

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a microscope showing a state in which a first optical axis having a variable normal magnification is used.

FIG. 2 is a structural view of a microscope showing a state in which a second optical axis for fixed high magnification is used.

FIG. 3 is a structural diagram showing a state in which a mirror of a second illumination system moves up and down integrally with an objective lens.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the shape of an objective lens.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a normal enlarged field of view and a high magnification enlarged field of view.

[Explanation of symbols]

[0030] 1 Objective lens (objective optical system) 2 Lens (magnification optical system) 5 Variable lens barrel (eyepiece optical system) 6 Eyepiece (eyepiece optical system) 14 prism (reflection means) A First optical axis B Second optical axis E Normal magnification field of view e High magnification field of view S stroke T affected area L1 First illumination system L2 Second illumination system

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A variable magnification optical system and an eyepiece optical system are respectively arranged at least on a pair of first optical axes for variable normal magnification passing through one objective optical system, and between the objective optical system and the eyepiece optical system. Forming a pair of second optical axes for fixed high magnification bypassing the variable power optics, and disposing the light beam passing through the objective optical system on the first optical axis between the objective optical system and the variable power optical system. A fixed high-magnification switching type microscope, wherein a reflecting means for total reflection toward two optical axes is arranged so as to be freely taken in and out, wherein a first illumination system for illuminating a field of view of variable normal magnification and a fixed high-magnification field of view are provided. It has a second illumination system for illuminating, and irradiates only illumination light from the first illumination system during variable normal magnification observation, and irradiates both illumination light from the first illumination system and the second illumination system during fixed high magnification observation. A fixed high-magnification switching microscope characterized by being made to work. 2. The fixed high-magnification switching microscope according to claim 1, wherein the illumination light from the second illumination system is irradiated from an oblique direction with respect to the focal position of the objective optical system, and the irradiation position is set to the first position. A fixed high-magnification switching type microscope, which moves integrally with an objective optical system that moves on the optics. 3. The fixed high-magnification switching microscope according to claim 1, wherein the illumination light from the first illumination system and the illumination light from the second illumination system are mutually shifted with respect to the focal position of the objective optical system. A fixed high-magnification switchable microscope characterized in that light is irradiated from an oblique direction facing the same.