JP3536935B2 - Heating element for stair melting - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating element for melting snow on a staircase, which is installed at a step of a staircase such as a building entrance in a snowfall area. By installing the heating element, snow and ice formation at the step portion can be prevented, and personal injury due to slipping, falling down, etc. can be prevented.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The step portion of a structure having a staircase at the entrance of a building constructed in a snowfall area becomes very slippery during snowfall or icing, and personal injury due to stepping over or falling down is stopped. Not at present.

As a method for solving this problem, Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 01-60388 discloses a method in which a heat insulating material is first placed on a step for the purpose of increasing the snow melting efficiency, and the entire surface of the heating element is electrically insulated thereon. It proposes to attach a snowmelt sheet to the stairs with a structure in which heating elements covered with a waterproof sheet are placed one on top of the other. In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 04-12181, the heating element is covered with a rubber elastic body, and is integrally formed into a sheet to form a staircase snowmelt mat. There has been proposed a device in which a heating element is positioned at a step portion of a stair, and a cutout portion is provided in advance so as to have a shape without the heating element at a rising portion of the stair.

[0004] In the above two inventions, no consideration is given to a method for dealing with a case where the tread portion of the stair step portion is worn or cracks or other damages caused by long-term walking use. Sometimes the heating elements must be completely replaced. In order to avoid electric leakage and electric shock due to damage of the protective layer due to abrasion, etc., it is preferable to use a conventional method in which the protective layer is not used.
No. 388 is characterized in that the voltage applied to the heating element is 30V.

In Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 58-94704, a heating element is formed in an L-shape, and the outside thereof is covered with a thermosetting resin reinforced with glass fibers formed into an L-shape as a protective layer and integrated. Shape is proposed. In this case, the glass fiber reinforced thermosetting resin corresponding to the tread of the step portion,
Since wear resistance is superior, wear due to walking is generally small, but wear occurs during long-term use, and in that case, it is necessary to completely replace the heater element together with the heating element. In addition, a material having a high surface hardness generally has a drawback that it is slippery, and thus is difficult to use.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional heating element for snow melting installed on the step portion of the stairs, the protective layer on the tread surface is worn or cracked by walking and cannot be used as a heating element. In this case, there is a disadvantage that the entire device including the heating element must be replaced.

[0007]

In order to compensate for this drawback, the side of the heating element which is to be the tread surface of the coating layer is made up of two layers with an intermediate layer interposed therebetween, and the outermost layer has good slip resistance. In some cases, it is made of a coating material having an appropriate elasticity, and when damage such as abrasion with time or cracks occurs due to walking, only the surface layer can be peeled and replaced very easily.

That is, the present invention relates to a stepwise snow melting heating element comprising a planar heating element coated with an electrically insulating coating and a protective layer covering both the front and back surfaces, wherein the protective layer on the tread side of the heating element is formed by a second step. The first protective layer and the second protective layer are two layers, and there is no slip between the two layers between the two layers, but the average particle diameter is 1 to facilitate the separation.
0-3000 μm scattered layer of granular material or multiple
Metal, plastic, wood plate with unevenness or
Provide a heating element for stairs snow melting , characterized by providing an intermediate layer that is a film or sheet formed by applying an adhesive on the front and back.
Is what you do .

Specifically, for example, a planar heating element has an electrically insulating coating formed of a rubber or fiber reinforced rubber asphalt sheet on the front and back, and the rubber or rubber on the side facing the tread of the stair step portion. An intermediate layer in which inorganic particles of 10 to 3000 μm are scattered is formed on the surface of the asphalt sheet, and a rubber or rubber asphalt sheet is further laminated on this intermediate layer and pressed. In this way, when the uppermost layer serving as the tread is worn out by walking or is damaged such as a crack, only the upper layer can be easily separated from the heating element body and replaced with the intermediate layer as a boundary. it can. Therefore, the heating element can be used for a long time.

The intermediate layer is a first and second protective layer, that is, a layer in which the lower layer and the upper layer do not slip with each other but are easy to peel off. Alternatively, a metal plate having a large number of irregularities on the front and back, a thin plate made of wood, or the like, or a plastic film or a sheet having an adhesive applied to both front and back surfaces can be used, and the same effect as the above-described layer can be obtained. Can demonstrate.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which a heating element for snow melting on a staircase according to the present invention is installed on a stair. The sheet heating elements 11 are individually arranged on the upper surface of the step ST, and are continuously bound by a lead wire for energization. I have. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the heating element of the present invention installed on the stairs, showing a state in which a plurality of strip-shaped heating elements 11 cover a main area of the step ST surface. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the planar heating element 11, which is a planar heating element 12 having an electrically insulating coating and first and second protective layers 6, 7 for protecting and waterproofing the heating element. Shows a heating element. FIG. 4 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of the heating element for stepping snow melting according to the present invention installed on the step ST, showing two types of intermediate layers 8, and an inorganic particulate material 8 a on the first protective layer 6. A layer in which the intermediate layer 8 made of a thin plate (plate-like material) 8b made of metal, plastic, or wood having irregularities on the front and back sides and a second protective layer 7 on the top and bottom surfaces is superposed is shown.

The heating element 12 incorporated in the heating element for stepping snow melting according to the present invention having the above structure is, for example, a semiconductive paint applied on a plastic sheet or film having a high insulation resistance value as a base material. Heating element 12 provided with electrodes 2 and insulating coating 5 on the semi-conductive sheet 1 or carbon black or metal powder mixed in a synthetic resin in advance, and this is formed into a film or sheet. The planar heating element 12 in which an electrode and an insulating coating are provided on a molded product, or a woven or non-woven fabric made of carbon fiber and the electrode and the insulating coating are provided thereon is given.

In the heating element 12 described above, in particular, a material in which conductive metal particles such as carbon black or copper are filled in a polyolefin resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene to impart semiconductivity is used. The heating element 12 having the semiconductive sheet 1 formed into a sheet or a film by using a simple processing machine has a so-called PTC characteristic whose electric resistance value has a positive temperature coefficient. With the start of the heating and the accompanying temperature rise, the electrical resistance of the element increases, and the self-suppressing action of heat generation acts.
This is particularly preferable because the temperature can be easily controlled during heating.

The electrode 2 provided on the planar heating element 12
As a material of the tape-shaped metal foil or copper, braided metal wire such as aluminum, any of the twisted wire can be used, it is preferable to use a twisted wire from the ease of coupling with the lead wire for electricity .

As the electric insulating coating 5 constituting the planar heating element 12, a thermoplastic resin or synthetic rubber processed into a sheet or film can be used.
It is preferable to use a synthetic resin or carbon fiber which constitutes the heat generating element and a material exhibiting good adhesiveness when coating the element with the carbon fiber.

The heating element 11 of the present invention comprises
The first protective layer 6 and the second protective layer 7 are further formed on the sheet heating element 12 having As a material constituting these protective layers, synthetic rubber, asphalt and a mixture of both, or a mixture of the mixture and an inorganic powdery material are preferable. Furthermore, what is processed into a so-called composite material sheet or film in which the above-mentioned material and a fibrous material are combined can also be used as the protective layer.

A feature of the present invention is that the protective layer on the tread side of the heating element installed on the stair step ST is formed by the first protective layer 6.
(A lower layer) and a second protective layer 7 (an upper layer), and an intermediate layer 8 is formed between the two layers to facilitate the separation of the upper layer.

As described above, the second protective layer (upper layer) 7
It is easy to replace the member with a replacement member when the member is worn or when damage is caused by cracks or the like. However, it is preferable that both layers are made of the same material. It is more preferable that the surface layer is formed by mixing rubber or plastic chip-like pulverized material, wood, inorganic material, or other granular material so as not to exhibit properties.
When the second protective layer 7 is made of a material different from that of the first protective layer 6, for example, a cement mortar layer having a rough tread surface is also suitable.

The thickness of the coating for forming the second protective layer 7 is preferably as large as possible in consideration of the life until replacement by pedestrian wear or damage. A thickness of 3 to 10 mm is preferable because it gives a pedestrian an uncomfortable feeling on the stairs and makes walking unstable.

The intermediate layer 8 provided between the first protective layer 6 and the second protective layer 7 facilitates separation of the first layer and the second layer, but also has a function of preventing lateral displacement between them. Layer. The intermediate layer 8 has an average particle size of 10 to 3000 μm,
Preferably, it is formed by sprinkling crushed powder (granular material) 8a made of an inorganic material at an appropriate density on the surface of the first protective layer 6. Second
The protective layer 7 is formed by overlapping the intermediate layer 8 and bonding them under pressure. By doing so, the crushed powder penetrates both the first protective layer 6 and the second protective layer 7, and it becomes as if a large number of clamps are driven between the two, so that the above function is exhibited. As other materials that can be used for the intermediate layer 8, plate-like materials made of metal or plastic having a large number of irregularities on the front and back surfaces, plastic films and sheet-like materials coated with an adhesive on the front and back surfaces have the same function. Can be used as shown. When the second protective layer 7 is a cement mortar layer, the intermediate layer 8
A metal plate having irregularities or a plastic sheet coated with an adhesive is suitable.

[0021]

The use of the heating element for melting snow on a staircase according to the present invention as described above can prevent snow accumulation and ice formation on the step portion of the staircase structure in a snowfall area. In addition to preventing personal injury, wear of the upper protective layer of the tread due to frequent walking,
In the event of damage, only the tread-side second protective layer 7 of the heating element can be replaced very easily without replacing the entire heating element. It is economical because it can be used, and it is effective because the range of choice of materials for the tread requiring slip prevention can be expanded.

[0022]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a state in which a heating element for melting snow on a staircase according to the present invention is installed on a staircase.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a snow melting heating element of the present invention installed on a staircase.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a sheet heating element.

FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of two different examples of the snow melting heating element of the present invention installed on a staircase.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 semiconductive sheet 2 electrodes 3 Caulking metal fittings for connecting to the conducting wire 4a Lead wire for current supply 4b Main line for electricity 5 Electrical insulation coating 6 First protective layer 7 Peelable second protective layer 8 Middle class 8a Powdery substance forming intermediate layer 8b Plate-like object having irregularities forming intermediate layer ST Stair Step

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ identification code FI H05B 3/14 H05B 3/34 3/34 E04F 11/08 (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H05B 3/20 310 E01C 11/26 E04F 11/02 E04F 11/16 E04H 9/16 H05B 3/14 H05B 3/34

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A planar heating element provided with an electrically insulating coating,
In a heating element for step snow melting which comprises a protective layer covering both the front and back surfaces, the protective layer on the tread side of the heating element is composed of two layers, a first protective layer and a second protective layer. No slippage but average particle size of 10-3000μ to facilitate peeling
m with a scattered layer of granular material or gold with many irregularities on the front and back
Adhesive on genus, plastic, wood plate or front and back
A heating element for stairs snow melting , comprising an intermediate layer which is a film or sheet formed by coating . 2. The semi-conductive sheet according to claim 1, wherein the planar heating element is a sheet or film formed from a mixture obtained by kneading carbon black in a thermoplastic polymer.
The heating element for melting snow on the stairs as described. 3. The heating element according to claim 1 , wherein the second protective layer is a rubber or rubber asphalt layer. 4. The heating element for stepping snow melting according to claim 1 , wherein the second protective layer is a cement mortar layer.