JP3532665B2 - Apparatus and method for determining abnormal condition of coke oven carbonization chamber - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a coke oven carbonization chamber abnormal condition measuring device for accurately measuring the extrusion resistance of a coke oven extruder to monitor abnormal conditions such as carbon adhesion and wall damage in the carbonization chamber. And the measuring method thereof.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, coke is produced by heating and dry-coiling coal charged in a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, and then extruding it to the outside and cooling it. In the chamber, carbon generated along with the dry distillation of coal adheres to the furnace wall, and if the adhesion gradually progresses by repeated work, the operation of extruding the dry-stored coke cake will be hindered. In other words, the extrusion resistance (torque on the electric motor side) becomes large, and in a case of extreme difficulty, a situation of clogging may occur, and in some cases, the brick wall surface of the furnace may be significantly damaged. If the extrusion work is forcibly continued with excessive torque in a state where the furnace wall surface is damaged, the operation will be clogged or damaged and the operation must be temporarily stopped. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent such a situation from occurring.

On the other hand, the extrusion torque is greatly influenced by the properties of the material charged into the carbonization chamber and the dry state of the furnace. Therefore, accurate measurement of the resistance (torque) value when the coke cake is extruded in the carbonization chamber is an important item for determining the condition of the furnace wall and the condition of operation.

As a method for obtaining the load torque value of a coke oven extruder by measuring the load current, a method for measuring "primary voltage and primary current" has already been disclosed (for example, "Coke Circular" Vol. 40). No. 3 (1991) 168
~ P. 170). In this method, a secondary output is obtained using a load measuring device, the rotation speed of the electric motor is further input, and the differential value thereof is replaced with acceleration torque to obtain the load torque value. The load measuring device referred to here is one that inputs the primary current and the primary voltage, and also inputs the acceleration load and the internal loss of the electric motor in advance as a constant or a function depending on the time from the start, and calculates the motor torque by calculation. is there.

[0005]

However, the method of measuring the primary voltage and the primary current of the extrusion electric motor of the above-mentioned extruder has the following drawbacks. That is, (1) In order to obtain the secondary output, it is necessary to separately set the load measuring device and obtain the secondary output from the primary voltage and primary current values. (2) The load measuring device calculates the internal loss of the motor to obtain the secondary output. The constant used in this calculation is a method of setting an assumed constant value, and the accuracy is limited. (3) In addition, the primary current can detect large load fluctuations such as when the ram starts, but when the extrusion ram enters the constant speed region and after the central part of the carbonization chamber, it can detect the extrusion load fluctuations with sufficient sensitivity. The / N ratio cannot be obtained (Fig. 6). Therefore, it does not have a function as an abnormality detection method inside the carbonization chamber. From the above, there are space and cost drawbacks associated with setting the load measuring device.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and enables easy and inexpensive installation in a conventional extruder, and by measuring the extrusion resistance with high accuracy. An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and a determination method for accurately determining an abnormal situation in a coke oven carbonization chamber.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is directed to a rotor current (hereinafter referred to as a secondary current) of a winding type induction motor which is generally used as an extrusion motor of an extruder. This means that the output torque (absolute value of the load torque) of the electric motor is calculated by detecting the rotation speed of the electric motor and the extrusion resistance is measured with high accuracy.

That is, according to the present invention, in an extruder in which a coke chamber coke is moved by using an induction motor, a detector for detecting a ram position of the extruder, and a measuring device for measuring the rotation speed of the induction motor, A measuring device for measuring a secondary current during coke extrusion of the induction motor, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a device for determining an abnormal situation in a coke oven carbonization chamber, which is configured by a calculation device that receives signals from these devices and calculates an extrusion torque.
Further, the present invention detects the ram position of the extruder that pushes and moves the coke chamber coke, measures the rotation speed of the induction motor that moves the extruder and the secondary current during coke push, and calculates these values. Extruder torque is input to the device, and the peak value of the torque in it (the maximum value in the torque fluctuation transition, not the maximum value from the start of extrusion to the completion of extrusion, is called the peak) and the extruder correlated with it The present invention provides a method for determining an abnormal condition in a coke oven carbonization chamber, which is characterized by determining an abnormal state in the carbonization chamber from the position. In addition, while detecting the ram position of the extruder that moves the coke in the coke chamber or the time from the start of extrusion, the rotation speed of the induction motor that moves the extrusion ram and the secondary current during coke extrusion are measured, and these values When the input torque is input to the arithmetic unit to obtain the extrusion torque, the secondary current pulsates in a certain cycle, and as a result, the calculated torque also pulsates, the cycle of these pulsations is extracted and carbonized by the cycle. It is intended to provide a method for detecting a carbonization chamber abnormality at each position of ram movement in a room.

To detect the ram position of the extruder, it is possible to directly measure by a laser range finder, a moving distance of the ram beam, etc., a contact rotary type position detecting method such as a rotary encoder, or a motor shaft. It is also possible to use an indirect calculation method such as measuring the rotational speed and calculating the moving distance of the ram. Further, the time, that is, the elapsed time from the start of extrusion of the extruder may be detected. This is because the approximate position of the ram in the carbonization chamber can be determined by the elapsed time from the start of extrusion. The time elapsed from the start of extrusion can be detected by a method of directly measuring the time, but it can also be read from a chart such as an electric current recorder or a rotational speed recorder.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, the ram position of an extruder is directly or indirectly measured, or the time elapsed from the start of extrusion is measured, and the secondary current is measured instead of the primary current. The motor's output torque (absolute value of load torque) is calculated by detecting the rotation speed of the motor along with the change in the secondary current, so the load torque of the motor during extrusion, which was difficult to measure with the conventional primary current. Can be accurately captured, and a more accurate extrusion resistance can be obtained, whereby the degree of carbon adhesion in the carbonization chamber can be accurately determined.

[0011]

EXAMPLE FIG. 2 schematically shows a coke oven equipped with a coke extruder, and mainly comprises a coal car 1, a carbonization chamber 2,
An extruding ram 3 provided so as to be reciprocally slidable in the carbonization chamber 2, a ram head 4 attached to the tip of the extruding ram 3, an extruder 5 provided so as to be engaged with the extruding ram 3,
A heat storage chamber 6 provided below the carbonization chamber 2, a coke guide wheel 7 and a coke fire extinguisher 8 provided at the downstream end of the carbonization chamber 2.
It consists of

In the operation of this coke oven, the carbonization chamber 2
The coal charged therein softens, melts, solidifies, and shrinks into coke 9 by dry distillation for 10 or more hours. The coke 9 is extruded by the ram head 4 of the extruding ram 3 that engages with the extruder 5, and is discharged from the carbonization chamber 2 to the coke extinguisher 8 through the coke guide wheel 7.

Next, a method of operating the coke extruder according to the present invention will be described with reference to the block diagram shown in FIG. A rack 1 for reciprocating sliding is provided on the upper edge of the extrusion ram 3.
1 is provided, and the driving pinion 12 is meshed with this. This drive pinion 12 is an electric motor 1 for an extruder.
3 is driven. Further, a rotation speed detector 14 for detecting the rotation speed of the extruder electric motor 13 is connected to the drive pinion 12. Further, an extruder motor control board 17 is connected to the extruder motor 13 via a motor power source side wiring 15 and a motor secondary wiring 16. The push-out electric motor control board 17 is connected to the arithmetic unit 19 via the electric motor secondary current detector 18,
Further, the rotation speed detector 14 and the push-out ram position detector (for example, laser range finder) 20 are further connected to the arithmetic unit 19, and torque (load) at the output shaft of the electric motor at a specific push-out ram position is loaded. Absolute value of torque)
Are measured by the arithmetic unit 19. The ram position detector 20 may be replaced with a timer, and the abnormal position of the carbonization chamber can be measured by measuring the time elapsed from the start of extrusion. The electric motor secondary current detector 18 may be installed at any position before and after the electric motor control panel 17 as long as the value of the electric current flowing through the rotor can be measured. As a concrete method, the electric current detector is incorporated in the wiring. Alternatively, as a simpler method, a clamp type meter that can measure the current value by sandwiching the wiring of the secondary circuit connected to the rotor from the outside may be used.

Reference numeral 21 is a host computer system, which stores the measurement results of the arithmetic unit 19 and the data of the equipment and operation of the coke oven, and can supply comparison data to the measured arithmetic results. ing. Reference numeral 22 denotes a data collecting recorder for displaying (recording) the result obtained by the arithmetic unit 19.

The arithmetic unit 19 takes in the measured values as described above and continuously calculates the load torque, and the difference between the torque peak value or the average value in the data of the calculation results is calculated in advance. When the set value is exceeded, a system can be set to give an alarm. The data of the present and past calculation results are stored in the connected host computer. Further, it is possible to compare the difference with the past data to the arithmetic unit 19 and output an alarm signal when the difference exceeds a preset value even in part. Further, it has a function of continuously displaying and printing the stored data and a data transmission function with the host computer system 21. In addition, the host computer system 21 has a function of transmitting data to and from an arithmetic unit, a function of storing data among arithmetic results, and a function of transmitting data necessary for operation such as a kiln chamber kiln number in advance to the arithmetic unit during measurement. Have.

The power for pushing and moving the pushing ram of the present invention uses a winding type induction motor, but in the conventional method of measuring the load torque based on only the primary current value in this induction motor, it is not related to the load torque. Since a separate load measuring device is required to include the current, the secondary current depends on the secondary circuit voltage that is almost determined by the load torque.
A value linked with the load torque flows. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a highly accurate load torque by calculating the secondary current, the rotation speed, and the resistance value of the motor secondary circuit, and performing the following calculation.

The torque "T" at the output shaft of this electric motor is obtained by the following equation (1). T = {(0.95 × m) / Ns} × {(1 ₂ ² × R ₂ ) / S} (1) where, Ns: Synchronous rotation speed N of the motor: Operating rotation speed S of the motor : Rotational slip of electric motor [(Synchronous rotation speed Ns of electric motor
- operation of the motor rotational speed N) / motor synchronous speed Ns] 1 _2: secondary current R _2: an electric resistance of the secondary circuit m: the motor phase number above formula (1), at the output shaft of the electric motor The torque can be continuously measured by an electric method.

The secondary current is induced by electromagnetic induction, but when the load is high with respect to the force that rotates the winding rotor, the rotation speed of the rotor is slow and the actual rotation speed does not increase and is high. It is a frequency, that is, a short cycle. When the load is low, the rotation speed is close to the synchronous rotation speed, and the current fluctuates in a long cycle. As described above, the secondary current changes depending on the magnitude of the work applied to the motor, and this change can also detect an abnormality in the carbonization chamber.

Since the torque obtained from the current of the induction motor appears as the sum of the acceleration torque and the load torque during acceleration, it is necessary to reduce the acceleration torque in order to obtain the correct load torque. Therefore, the rotation signal of the electric motor is taken in, the differential operation of the speed is obtained, and the acceleration torque is obtained. Furthermore, subtract the acceleration torque from the calculated torque,
The required load torque is calculated in the calculation device.

Specific examples of the present invention are shown below. 3 to 5 show the results of a coke oven having a furnace height of 6.5 m, a furnace width of 430 mm and a furnace length of 15.8 m. In this case, the arithmetic unit 19 has a calculation period of 100 ms, and
The result of having implemented based on the block diagram shown in FIG. In each of these figures, the horizontal axis represents the position of the extrusion ram. Here, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes in the secondary current, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing changes in the motor rotation speed, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing changes in the torque calculation value obtained by the arithmetic unit 19.
For comparison, FIG. 6 shows the result of measuring the primary current in comparison with FIG.

In these figures, the portion A is the period in which the extrusion ram head 4 starts from the kiln opening on the extruder 5 side and is compressing the coke cake in the carbonization chamber, that is, the rotation speed of the electric motor increases and the secondary The current reaches the peak point.
Further, as is clear from FIG. 5, this section is assumed to be a period in which the pushing torque gradually increases.

The portion B shows the state in which the entire coke cake has started to move and is passing over the grid of the coke guide 7. The peak point b indicates the final point of compression of the coke cake, and immediately thereafter, the coke cake 9 slides on the inner wall of the carbonization chamber and starts moving, so that the current drops. On the other hand, as for the pushing torque, the maximum value b ′ appears at the beginning of this section.
This maximum load torque value reflects the frictional force with the wall surface over the entire length of the carbonization chamber. If the torque value is high, the wall surface is severely damaged or the surface condition is not smooth immediately after repair. Can be considered.

Furthermore, by comparing the transition of this maximum value in the same kiln with past data, it is possible to judge the situation in the kiln. The average value of some past data or a management range is set based on it, and the maximum value measured by comparison with the reference value can be evaluated. If the maximum value is high, improve the condition of carbonization to increase the shrinkage rate of coke lumps so that the kiln can be operated easily, or check the condition of the bricks in the kiln to repair them. FIG. 4 shows that the rotation speed of the electric motor is increasing due to notch switching (acceleration).

The portion C shows the state in which the coke cake has dropped into the coke fire extinguisher 9 through the guide car lattice. The coke cake becomes a certain mass and is gradually falling, and the secondary current and the motor output torque fluctuate in the cycle. In addition, since the amount of extruded coke cake is gradually decreasing, the current is also gradually decreasing. In addition, fluctuations in the motor output torque appear sensitively depending on the state of the kiln.
A low peak point c is recognized in the secondary current value of FIG. 3 and a peak c ′ is also seen in the extrusion torque value at the corresponding position, but in this example, the collapse of the coke cake near the kiln midpoint or the state of the kiln is It is a little worse (large carbon adhesion) and the torque is increased.

The portion D shows a state in which the tip of the extrusion ram is passing through the guide lattice, and shows a constant extrusion resistance regardless of the state in the kiln. It should be noted that in the latter half of this section, the stopping brake starts to operate, and therefore the current increases.

In this way, by measuring the motor output torques of the portions B and C and monitoring the peak value after starting the extrusion ram, it is possible to judge the abnormal state in the kiln and the dry distillation state. Also, in this case, by comparing the maximum resistance value of each kiln with the previous value, it becomes easier to judge the state of the kiln, and abnormal behavior in the kiln can be judged by monitoring the behavior of the extrusion resistance value. Will also be possible. Furthermore, it is possible to grasp the progress of the abnormal state of the kiln by collecting data for a long time.

Similarly, the waveform of the secondary current is shown in FIG. 7, but FIG. 7 (a) shows a normal kiln with few abnormalities in the carbonization chamber. Figure (b) shows an abnormal kiln with a damaged inner wall of the carbonization chamber.
In the waveform of (a), a high torque is applied to start and accelerate the extrusion ram for about 4 m in the first half. In this section, the pulsation is no longer visible because the secondary resistance value is switched to a higher value to suppress the starting current and output a high torque. A stable cycle of about 6 seconds to 2.1 seconds is shown. In the latter half of the middle stage, coke drops outside the furnace and the load on the ram is lightened, and the effect of reducing the load on the electric motor can be seen. On the other hand, in the waveform of FIG. 7B, the absolute value of the secondary current value is high from the first half, but the pulsation cycle is short. The carbonization chamber from which the data in Fig. (B) was collected was a carbonization chamber in which the lower bricks from the guide car from the central part were damaged and the thermal spray repair was performed the day before. Immediately after repairing the thermal spray, the surface is not familiar
Although the tendency for extrusion resistance to rise has been understood from the past,
If there is a factor that causes a great resistance when the ram that pushes out the coke lumps passes like this kiln, a particularly high load is applied, but a high load is also applied from the pulsation cycle in this secondary current chart. Can be heard. In this way, it is possible to detect the abnormality of the carbonization chamber not from the absolute value of the secondary current value but from the cycle.

In the equipment that the inventors have verified, it was found that when the cycle becomes 1.3 seconds or less, the wall surface has a length of about 1 m and the skin is damaged and the load is increased by 30% of the normal kiln. It was Further, it was found that when the time was 1.0 second or less, there was unevenness of about 10 m due to the swelling of the repair material on the previous day.

The present invention is caused by the difference between the motor rating and the load level applied to it, and cannot be standardized by the absolute value of the cycle or frequency, but it should be verified in each actual motor. Therefore, it was confirmed that it can be utilized as a carbonization chamber abnormality determination detection technology.

[0030]

As described above in detail, in the present invention, the secondary current of the wire wound induction motor is measured, and the rotation speed of the motor is also detected to output torque of the motor (absolute value of load torque). Is calculated, the fluctuation of the load torque of the electric motor can be accurately captured, the extrusion resistance can be measured over the entire length of the furnace except the electrical transition period, and the coke oven charcoal chamber It is possible to accurately determine the carbon adhesion state, furnace wall damage state, and carbonization state. Further, since this abnormal situation determination device does not require any special modification to the conventional coke extruder and can be easily installed as it is, it has a remarkable effect such as low equipment cost.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an abnormal situation determination device for a coke oven carbonization chamber according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial sectional view schematically showing a coke oven.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change in secondary current.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in motor rotation speed.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in calculated torque value obtained by the arithmetic device.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a change in primary current.

FIG. 7A is a diagram showing a change in secondary current in a normal kiln;
(B) is a figure which shows the change of the secondary current in an abnormal kiln.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Charging car 2 ... Carbonization chamber 3 ... Extrusion ram 4 ... Ramhead 5 ... Extruder 6 ... Heat storage room 7 ... Coke guide car 8 ... Coke fire extinguisher 9 ... Coke 11 ... Rack for reciprocating sliding 12 ... Drive pinion 13 ... Electric motor for extruder 14 ... Rotation speed detector 15 ... Wiring for motor power supply 16 ... Secondary wiring of electric motor 17 ... Extrusion motor control panel 18 ... Secondary current detector of electric motor 19 ... Arithmetic device 20 ... Extrusion ram position detector 21 ... Host computer system 22 ... Recorder for data collection

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Shinichiro Chiba, 12 Nakamachi, Muroran City, Hokkaido, Nittetsu North Kaido Control System Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masaki Fukunaga 12 Nakamachi, Muroran City, Hokkaido Inside the North Sea Steel Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-3-146589 (JP, A) JP-A-247483 (JP, A) JP-A-52 -21002 (JP, A) JP 3-105196 (JP, A) JP 58-210991 (JP, A) JP 57-90088 (JP, A) JP 8-151580 (JP, A) ) JP-A-8-53676 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10B 41/00-41/08 C10B 33/08-33/10

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. An extruder for moving a coke chamber coke using an induction motor, a detector for detecting a ram position of the extruder or a time from the start of extrusion, and a measuring device for measuring a rotation speed of the induction motor. And a measuring device for measuring a secondary current when the coke is pushed out of the induction motor, and a coke device for calculating a pushing torque by receiving signals from these devices. Device for determining abnormal conditions in the furnace carbonization chamber. 2. The ram position of the extruder for extruding and moving the coking chamber coke or the time from the start of extrusion is detected, and the rotation speed of the induction motor for moving the extruder and the secondary current during coke extrusion are measured, These values are input to the arithmetic unit to obtain the extrusion torque, and the abnormal state of the coke oven carbonization chamber is characterized by determining the abnormal state in the carbonization chamber from the peak value of the torque in it and the position of the extruder correlated with it. How to judge the situation. 3. A ram position of an extruder for extruding and moving coking chamber coke or a time from the start of extrusion is detected, and the number of revolutions of an induction motor for moving the extruding ram and a secondary current during coke extrusion are measured, These values are input to the arithmetic device to obtain the extrusion torque, and the measured secondary current and / or the calculated torque waveform analysis is used to extract the cycle of the pulsation of the secondary current and / or the calculated torque. A method for determining an abnormal condition in a coke oven carbonization chamber, which detects an abnormality in the carbonization chamber at each position of ram movement in the carbonization chamber according to a cycle.