JP3525644B2 - Power supply device, power generation device, electronic device, power supply method, and control method for power supply device - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process such as a timing device using the output of an AC power generator such as an electromagnetic generator driven to rotate by a rotary weight to generate power or a piezoelectric element vibrating to generate power. The present invention relates to an electronic device, a power generation device, and a power supply device that can operate the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a small and portable electronic device such as a wristwatch device, a portable electronic device has been devised in which a power generator is built in to eliminate replacement of a battery or to eliminate the battery itself. It has been put to practical use.
FIG. 13 shows a schematic configuration of a wristwatch device 10 incorporating the power generator 1 as an example. In this portable electronic device (wristwatch device) 10, a rotary weight 13 that makes a turning motion in the case of the wristwatch device, a train wheel mechanism 18 that transmits the rotary motion of the rotary weight 13 to an electromagnetic generator, and an electromagnetic generator. 1
2 includes a rotor 14 and a stator 15, and when the two-pole magnetized disk-shaped rotor 14 rotates, an electromotive force is generated in the output coil 19 of the stator 15,
AC output can be taken out. Further, the portable electronic device 10 rectifies the alternating current output from the power generation device 1 and stores the electric power in the large-capacity capacitor 5, and a processing device operated by the electric power from the power supply device 20. 6 is provided. Therefore, the processing device 6 can be continuously operated without a battery,
It is an electronic device that can use the processing device anytime and anywhere and can eliminate the problems associated with battery disposal.

[0003]

Since the electric power supplied from the power generator 1 of this battery device is AC power, it charges the large-capacity capacitor 5 and the operating power of the processing device 6 having an IC or the like. In order to do so, it is necessary to rectify and convert to DC power. Therefore, the power supply device 20 includes the rectifier circuit 2 that performs full-wave rectification by connecting the plurality of diodes 3 to the bridge. When silicon diodes are used as these diodes 3, a forward voltage Vf of about 0.5 to 0.6 V is generated with respect to the forward current If, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the output power W2 obtained by rectifying the power W1 supplied from the power generation device 1 by the rectifier circuit 2 is as follows in consideration of the loss of the forward voltage Vf of the diode forming the rectifier circuit 2.

W2 = ηc × W1 (1) ηc = V2 / (V2 + 2 × Vf) (2) where ηc is the rectification efficiency during charging and V2 is the output voltage, which is shown in FIG. Large capacitors 5
Corresponding to the charging voltage of.

The operating voltage of the processing device 6 is, for example, 0.9 to 1.0 V, because low voltage driving of ICs and the like is progressing.
It is possible to start with a degree. Therefore, the voltage of the large-capacity capacitor 5 is selected to be about 1.5 to 2V, whereas the forward voltage V of about 0.5 to 0.6V is selected.
Considering f, the rectification efficiency ηc becomes a value of 0.6 or less. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the forward voltage Vf in order to improve the rectification efficiency ηc.

On the other hand, in the case of half-wave rectification, one diode can form a rectification circuit. Therefore, the forward voltage V
The loss due to f is small, and a rectification efficiency ηc of 0.7 or more can be obtained when a diode having the same forward voltage Vf as that described above is used. However, in the case of half-wave rectification, only one of the two components of AC power can be obtained as DC power. Therefore, the power that can be output from the power supply device is reduced. Therefore, the power that can be output from the power supply device decreases.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device which has a high rectification efficiency and can obtain a large output power. In addition to the mode that can rectify the power supplied to the input terminal with high efficiency and provide it to the output terminal, the power supply also has the mode that can boost rectify according to the operable voltage of the processing device connected to the output terminal. It is also an object to provide an apparatus and a control method thereof. Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply device and a control method thereof that can select a mode in which a larger power can be output even when the voltage at the output end increases.
Further, another object of the present invention is to provide a power generation device that can efficiently output power from a power generator using the power supply device of the present invention. In particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply device and a power generation device that can efficiently rectify electric power from a small-sized generator such as a portable type that cannot obtain stable output and output the electric power as stable electric power. And by mounting such a highly efficient power generator together with the processing device,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a portable electronic device that can be used anytime and anywhere without changing batteries.

[0008]

In the present invention, two means for carrying out half-wave rectification to store the electric power are provided, and each of the two AC components of the AC power is half-wave rectified and then combined. As a result, the loss due to the forward voltage of the diode is reduced, and moreover, electric power can be output more efficiently than full-wave rectification. That is, the power supply apparatus of the present invention includes an input terminal to which AC power is input, and a first rectifying unit that half-wave rectifies the first AC component of the AC power to charge the first power storage unit. A second rectifying unit that half-wave rectifies the second AC component of the AC power to charge the second power storage unit, and an output terminal connected to at least one of the first and second power storage units. A power supply device having
It has auxiliary storage means for transferring electric charges from the second storage means to the first storage means. Further, the power supply method of the present invention performs half-wave rectification on the first AC component of AC power to generate the first AC component.
Charging the second AC component of the AC power by half-wave rectifying the second AC component to charge the second power storage unit, and transferring the electric charge from the second power storage unit to the first power storage unit, The first
The electric power stored in the power storage means is output. In the power supply device of the present invention, the first AC power
Half-wave rectifying the AC component of to charge the first power storage means, and half-wave rectifying the second AC component to charge the second power storage means,
Electric power stored in the first and second power storage means can be output. Since each of the first and second power storage means is charged with electric power that is half-wave rectified through one diode, the loss due to the forward voltage of the diode is reduced to about half of full-wave rectification. In addition, since the first and second AC components of the AC power are half-wave rectified and charged in the first and second power storage units, the power stored in the first and second power storage units is output. By doing so, both components of AC power can be rectified and output, and power larger than full-wave rectification can be output efficiently.

It is also possible to perform switching in accordance with the frequency of AC power, half-wave rectify each AC component, and charge one storage means. However, it is difficult to perform switching control in a power generation device that generates power by movement of a user or kinetic energy in the natural world because the frequency is not constant. Moreover, when the frequency is high, the loss due to switching also increases. On the other hand, in the power supply device and the power supply method of the present invention, since the respective alternating current components are charged in the first and second power storage means, the switching operation according to the frequency of the alternating current is not performed. Further, both AC components can be half-wave rectified and stored in the storage means. Therefore, control according to the frequency is not necessary, and the power supply device can be inexpensively downsized with a simple configuration. Further, since the loss due to switching is small, it is possible to efficiently charge the storage means with AC power.

In order to supply the electric power charged in each of the first and second power storage means from the output end, the power of one power storage means, for example, the second power storage means, is supplied to the first power storage means at an appropriate timing. A method of transferring and first charging the first power storage means and then outputting from the output end, or connecting the output ends to the first and second power storage means at appropriate timings, and charging the power stored in each power storage means There is a way to output. In order to transfer the electric power of the second power storage means to the first power storage means, an auxiliary power storage means for transferring the electric charge from the second power storage means to the first power storage means connected to the output terminal can be used. . Further, the power supply device of the present invention is the second
When the charging voltage of the electric storage means is higher than the charging voltage of the first electric storage means, the electric storage device is provided with connection means capable of transferring electric power by switching the connection of the auxiliary electric storage means. This can prevent the outflow of electric charges from the first power storage unit.

Further, in the power supply apparatus of the present invention, the output end is connected to the first storage means, and the charging voltage of the second storage means is higher than the charging voltage of the first storage means. It is characterized by having a connecting means for disconnecting the second power storage means from the input end and connecting the second power storage means in parallel with the first power storage means. Thereby, the electric power of the second power storage unit can be transferred to the first power storage unit.

Further, the power supply device of the present invention is characterized by further comprising connecting means for connecting the output terminal to the one having a higher charging voltage of the first and second power storage means. Further, in order to prevent power fluctuation when switching the connection to the first and second power storage means, it is desirable to provide an auxiliary power storage means connected in parallel with the output end. Further, the power supply device of the present invention is characterized in that the connecting means and the auxiliary storage means are connected via a resistance component.

These first and second power storage means are the first
And, in the state of being charged by the second rectifying means, they are connected in series with each other. Therefore, it is difficult to measure the charging voltage of each power storage unit. Therefore, in the power supply device of the present invention, the connection means is configured to have the first charging voltage of the first power storage means and the first and second charging voltages.
The storage means is provided with a comparison means for comparing the combined voltage connected in series with the second charging voltage obtained by resistance division. Further, the second charging voltage is a voltage obtained by unevenly dividing the combined voltage. Therefore, the result equivalent to comparing the first and second charging voltages is obtained. If you divide the combined voltage using two equal resistors,
The result is equivalent to a direct comparison of the first and second charging voltages. Further, the resistances are unevenly divided to obtain a comparison result with a bias. When the charge is transferred from the second power storage unit to the first power storage unit, the bias is provided so that the charge transfer efficiency is higher and the transfer frequency can be reduced. Further, even when the output terminals are switched and connected to the first and second power storage means, it is possible to reduce the connection switching frequency by providing the bias.

Further, the power supply apparatus of the present invention is provided with a first mode in which the output end is connected in parallel to at least one of the first and second power storage means, a so-called W (double) half-wave rectification mode. , A connection means having a second mode for connecting the first and second power storage means in series to the output end, a so-called boost rectification mode. Furthermore, the connection means is configured to detect the voltage at the input terminal (input voltage).
Is smaller than a predetermined value, the second mode is selected. Thereby, it is possible to obtain a high voltage output capable of operating the processing device. Further, the power supply device of the present invention is characterized in that the connection means selects the second mode when the voltage at the output end is higher than a predetermined value. As a result, the voltage at the output end (output voltage)
When the voltage exceeds the predetermined value and the boost rectification can output electric power, the second mode can be selected.

According to the control method of the power supply device of the present invention, the first AC component of the input AC power is half-wave rectified to charge the first storage means and the second AC component is half-wave rectified. Second
The method for controlling an electric power supply device for charging the electric storage means, and supplying the electric power stored in the first and second electric storage means to the output end, comprising the following steps. Further, when the power supply circuit is controlled using a microcomputer or the like, it can be provided by a computer-readable medium such as a ROM storing software including the following steps. 1. A first step of connecting the output end to at least one of the first and second power storage means in parallel. 2. A second step of connecting the first and second power storage means in series to the output end.

[0016]

[0017]

[0018]

To provide a power generation device having high rectification efficiency and large output power by connecting a power generation means capable of supplying AC power of a rotary type or a vibration type to the input end of the power supply device of the present invention. You can Therefore, by adopting the power supply device of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and stably supply power to the processing device connected to the output end thereof. Therefore, by mounting the power generation device of the present invention together with the processing device, it is possible to provide an electronic device suitable for carrying, which can exhibit the functions of the processing device such as the timing device anytime and anywhere.

[0020]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[First Embodiment] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an outline of an electronic device such as a wristwatch device including the power generator according to the present invention. The electronic device 10 of the present example includes a power generation device 1 and a power supply device 20 that rectifies the AC power input from the power generation device 1 and supplies the rectified AC power to a processing device 6 such as a timekeeping process. The processing device 6 may of course be provided with functions such as a radio, a pager or a personal computer in addition to the timekeeping processing such as driving the clock section and performing alarm processing. Also,
The power generator 1 includes a rotary electromagnetic generator capable of converting the kinetic energy of the rotary weight into electric energy as described above with reference to FIG. 13, and a power generator that vibrates a piezoelectric element to generate power. A device capable of supplying AC power, such as a device, can be connected. The power generation device 1, the power supply device 20, the processing device 6 and the like are arranged so as to overlap each other in a plane, and the overall size of the electronic device is reduced.

The power supply device 20 of the present embodiment has the first and second power supply units for rectifying the AC power from the power generation device 1 input to the input end 21 and supplying the rectified AC power from the output end 22 to the processing device 6.
The rectifier circuits 23 and 24 of FIG. Each of the rectifier circuits 23 and 24 includes a diode 2 that performs half-wave rectification.
5 and 26, and first and second capacitors 27 that store the power rectified by the diodes 25 and 26.
And 28. The diode 25 of the first rectifier circuit 23 has the input terminal 21 on the side of the grounded potential Vdd.
a through the first condenser 27 and the other terminal 21b
Are connected so that the direction of the current flowing toward is the forward direction. Therefore, the first AC component on the negative side of the voltage Vdd is half-wave rectified and charged in the first capacitor 27. On the other hand, the diode 26 of the second rectifier circuit 24 is connected to the second capacitor 2 from the terminal 21b on the opposite side.
The direction in which the current flows through the terminal 21a on the ground side via 8 is the forward direction, and the voltage V
The second AC component on the plus side of dd is half-wave rectified and charged. In the power supply device 20 of the present example, the diodes 25 and 26 of the first and second rectifier circuits 23 and 24 are connected to the input terminal 21a on the side of the ground potential Vdd. Therefore, the respective rectifier circuits 23 and 2
In the four first and second capacitors 27 and 28, the negative pole side of the first capacitor 27 and the positive pole side of the second capacitor are both connected to the input terminal 21b side. Of course, the connection positions of the diodes 25 and 26 are not limited to this example, and the diodes 25 and 26 may be connected to the input terminal 21b side, or the diodes 25 and 26 may be connected to different input terminals. It may be connected to the side of 21a or 21b.

Since the power supply device 20 of this embodiment is provided with the first and second rectifying circuits 23 and 24 as described above, the first and second AC components of AC power are generated by the diode 25 or 26. Each is rectified and the capacitors 27 and 28 are charged. Therefore, since the electric power charged in each capacitor 27 and 28 is the electric power rectified by one diode 25 or 26,
The loss of the forward voltage Vf due to the diode 25 or 26 can be reduced to almost half of the full-wave rectification shown in FIG. 13, and the rectification efficiency ηc can be improved. Furthermore, in the normal half-wave rectification, only the power of one of the first and second AC components is output, whereas the power supply circuit 20 of the present example uses the capacitor 2
Electric power in which the first and second AC components are rectified can be stored in 7 and 28. Therefore, the power supply device 20 of the present example outputs the electric power of the capacitors 27 and 28 from the output end 22 so that the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are output.
It is possible to supply both electric power of the AC component of the above to the processing device 6, and it is possible to efficiently supply electric power larger than full-wave rectification. In the wristwatch device 10 of this example, the high-voltage side Vdd is grounded to serve as a reference voltage. Therefore, in the following, the low voltage side is referred to as the output voltage, and the voltage values are all shown as absolute values for simplicity.

In the power supply device 20 of this example, the output end 22 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor 27, and the power charged in the second capacitor 28 is transferred to the first capacitor 27, The electric power charged in the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 can be output.
Therefore, the power supply device 20 of the present example includes a transfer capacitor 29 that transfers power from the second capacitor 28 to the first capacitor 27, and a connection circuit 30 that switches the connection of the transfer capacitor 29. . Connection circuit 30
Are switches SW11, SW12, SW21 and SW22 for switching the connection of the transfer capacitor 29,
A control circuit 31 that outputs a plurality of pulse signals φc1, φa, and φb in a preset cycle; a connection switching circuit 32 that generates control signals φ1 and φ2 that control the switches SW11 to SW22 by these pulse signals; Charging voltage V of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28
A comparison circuit 33 for comparing s1 and Vs2 is provided.

The comparison circuit 33 of this example comprises a comparator 34 for comparing the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27 and the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28,
The output signal φv is supplied as a control signal for the connection switching circuit 32. The charging voltage Vs1 is input to the inverting input of the comparator 34, and the voltage obtained by dividing the voltage across the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 by the resistors R1 and R2 is input to the non-inverting input. As described above, in the power supply device 20 of this example, the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are used.
Are connected in series, and the second capacitor 28
In order to directly measure the charging voltage Vs2 of, a complicated circuit is required. Therefore, in this example, the charging voltage Vs1
By comparing the average voltage of Vs2 and Vs2 with the charging voltage Vs1, the same result as directly comparing the charging voltages Vs2 and Vs1 is obtained. Also, according to this method, by providing a difference in the values of the resistors R1 and R2 that divide the sum of the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2 by resistance division, it is possible to set an appropriate bias when comparing the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2. Is. Therefore, by starting the switching operation of the transfer capacitor 29 after the charging voltage Vs2 becomes appropriately higher than the charging voltage Vs1, it is possible to efficiently transfer the charge from the transfer capacitor 29 to the first capacitor 27. .

The comparison circuit 33 of the present example further includes a switch SW41 capable of turning on / off a circuit for sampling the voltage across the capacitors 27 and 28, and a circuit for supplying the output voltage of the first capacitor 27 as an operating power source for the comparator 34. A switch SW42 that can turn on and off is provided. These switches SW41 and SW42 are
Sampling signal φc that becomes high level periodically for a short time
It is turned on by 1 and the comparison circuit 33
It is designed to minimize the power consumed by the.

The connection switching circuit 32 of this example is a comparison circuit 33.
Comparator output φv and pulse signals φa and φ
From b, a control signal φ1 for controlling the switches SW11 and SW12 for connecting the transfer capacitor 29 to the first capacitor 27 side, and a switch SW21 for connecting the transfer capacitor 29 to the second capacitor 28 side.
A control signal φ2 for controlling SW22 and SW22 is generated.
The connection switching circuit 32 of this example includes a D-type flip-flop (D-FF) 35 and an AND gate 3 that outputs a pulse signal φb as a control signal φ2 by the non-inverted output Q.
6 and an OR gate 37 for outputting the inverted output Q (bar) or the pulse signal φa as the control signal φ1. The comparator output φv is input to the data input D of the D-FF 35, and the sampling signal φc1 is input to the clock input CL. Comparator output φ
v becomes high level when the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 becomes higher than the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27. Therefore, at the time of sampling, the charging voltage Vs2
Becomes larger than the charging voltage Vs1, the AND gate 36
Is turned on and the pulse signal φb is supplied as the control signal φ2. At the same time, the inverted output Q (bar) input to the OR gate 37 becomes low level, so that the control signal φ1 maintained at high level is controlled by the pulse signal φa.

The operation of the power supply circuit 20 of this example will be described with reference to the flow chart shown in FIG. 2 and the timing chart shown in FIG. In the power supply circuit 20 of this example, as shown in the flowchart of FIG.
At T1, the comparison circuit 33 compares the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27 and the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28, and when the charging voltage Vs2 becomes higher than the charging voltage Vs1, the transfer capacitor 29 is used in step ST2. The electric power of the second capacitor 28 is transferred to the first capacitor 27. On the other hand, charging power Vs
When 2 does not reach the charging power Vs1, step ST3
No transfer takes place in the first and second capacitors 27 and 28, respectively.
Is charged by. When the charging voltages Vs2 and Vs1 are compared in step ST1, as described above,
A bias may be provided, and the transfer may be performed after the charging voltage V2 rises to such an extent that the transfer can be performed efficiently.

As described above, in the power supply device 20 of this example, the first capacitor 27 is connected to the output end 22, and the power of the second capacitor 28 is transferred to this capacitor 27. . Therefore, it is not necessary to adopt capacitors having the same capacity as the first and second capacitors 27 and 28, the first capacitor 27 having a large capacity is used as the main capacitor, and the second capacitor 28 is the sub capacitor. A small capacity can be adopted as. If the capacity of the second capacitor 28 is small, the charging voltage Vs2 is likely to rise and power can be efficiently transferred. Further, if the capacity of the first capacitor 27 is large, the charging voltage Vs1 does not fluctuate much even if the transfer capacitor 29 is connected, and the output terminal 2
2 can supply a stable voltage. Further, since the charging voltage Vs1 does not rise with respect to the voltage of the transfer capacitor 29, the transfer efficiency can be kept high.

In order to realize such control, the power supply device 20 of this example is provided with control signals as shown in the timing chart of FIG. The pulse signals .phi.a and .phi.b are pulse signals for switching the connection of the transfer capacitors in which one of them is turned on while the other is turned off, and are not turned on at the same time. The pulse signal φc1 is a sampling signal, and periodically goes high. When the power generator 1 starts power generation at time t1 with some power remaining in the first capacitor 27, which is the main capacitor, the first and second capacitors
The alternating current components are rectified by the rectifier circuits 23 and 24, and the capacitors 27 and 28 are charged. Since the capacity of the second capacitor 28 is smaller than that of the first capacitor 27, the charging voltage Vs2 rises sharply.

When the sampling signal φc1 is turned on at the time t2, the charging voltage Vs2 has not reached Vs1, and therefore the comparator output φv of the comparison circuit 33 remains held at the low level. Therefore, the connection switching circuit 32
, The AND gate 36 is off and the control signal φ2 is at low level. On the other hand, the OR gate 37 outputs the high-level control signal φ1. Therefore, the transfer capacitor 29 is held in a state of being connected to the first capacitor 27 side, and electric power is not transferred from the second capacitor 28. Of course, the control signals φ1 and φ2
May be inverted, and the transfer capacitor 29 may be held while being connected to the second capacitor 28 side.

When the next sampling signal φc1 is supplied at time t3 and the charging voltage Vs2 exceeds Vs1 at this time, the comparator output φv becomes high level. Therefore, the D-FF 35 outputs the comparator output φv according to the sampling signal φc1 input to the clock input CL.
Is latched, and the non-inverted output Q becomes high level and the inverted output Q (bar) becomes low level at time t4. As a result, the pulse signal φa is output from the OR gate 37 as the control signal φ1 and the control signal φ1 becomes low level. Therefore, the switches SW11 and SW12 are turned off, and the transfer capacitor 29 is separated from the first capacitor 27. On the other hand, the AND gate also opens at time t4, the pulse signal φb appears at time t5, and the control signal φ2 becomes high level. Therefore, the switches SW21 and SW
22 is turned on, and the transfer capacitor 29 is connected to the second capacitor 28. Since the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 is higher than the voltage Vs1 of the transfer capacitor 29, the transfer capacitor 29 is charged by the second capacitor 28. When the pulse signal φb becomes low level at time t6, the control signal φ2 also becomes low level and the switch SW
21 and SW22 are turned off. Therefore, the transfer capacitor 29 is separated from the second capacitor 28. Further, since the pulse signal φa goes high at time t7, the control signal φ1 goes high.
Therefore, the switches SW11 and SW12 are turned on, and the transfer capacitor 29 is connected to the first capacitor 27 side. The transfer capacitor 29 is the second capacitor 2
Since it is charged to the voltage Vs2 by 8, the charge of the transfer capacitor 29 is transferred to the first capacitor 27 by being connected to the first capacitor 27 side. By repeating such an operation, the charge of the second capacitor 28 can be transferred to the first capacitor 27.

At time t8, the next sampling signal φc1 is output. Even at this stage, since the charging voltage Vs2 is higher than Vs1, the comparator output φv becomes a high level and D-
It is latched by FF35. Since the output signal φv is at the high level, the output of the D-FF 35 does not change. Therefore, power transfer using the transfer capacitor 29 continues. If the charging voltage Vs2 is lower than the charging voltage Vs1 when the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2 are sampled by the sampling signal φc1 at time t9, the comparator output φv becomes a low level. Therefore, D-FF3
5 latches this by the sampling signal φc1,
The output is inverted at time t10. As a result, the AND gate 36 is closed and the OR gate 37 outputs a high level signal. Therefore, the transfer capacitor 29 is
The state of being connected to the side of the capacitor 28 is maintained, and the power transfer is completed.

As described above, in the power supply device 20 of the present example, both of the two AC components are half-wave rectified, and the power is charged in the capacitors 27 and 28, respectively. Therefore, the loss of the forward voltage of the rectifying diode can be reduced to almost half of the full-wave rectification. Also,
Since the forward voltage of the rectifying diode can be reduced, it is possible to use a silicon diode as a rectifying element that can suppress the leakage loss with a small reverse leakage current even if the forward voltage is somewhat high. The power supply device 20 can be provided.

Further, since both of the alternating current components are charged in the separate capacitors 27 and 28, it is not necessary to switch the switch depending on the alternating current component, and the respective alternating current components are stored in the capacitors without switching operation. can do. Furthermore, the power supply device 20 of the present example can charge the capacitors 27 and 28 with the AC power even if the frequency of the AC power fluctuates.
Therefore, it is possible to efficiently rectify and charge the capacitor even with electric power from an AC generator that is mounted on a portable electronic device and cannot obtain a stable frequency. As described above, in the power supply device 20 of the present example, alternating current can be efficiently rectified regardless of the frequency, and power loss due to switching or the like can be prevented, so that the power is supplied to the input terminal 21. The AC power can be efficiently stored in the capacitors 27 and 28. A rectification method in which both of the two AC components are separately half-wave rectified and the individual capacitors are charged will be hereinafter referred to as W (double) half-wave rectification.

In the power supply device 20 of this embodiment, the power charged in the second capacitor 28 can be further transferred to the first capacitor 27 via the transfer capacitor 29. Therefore, the electric power charged in the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 can be output from the output end 22. Therefore, the power supply device 2 of this example
By using 0, it is possible to output electric power larger than full-wave rectification with high efficiency, and by combining it with the power generation device 1, it is possible to provide a power generation device with high power supply efficiency. In addition, the power supply device 20 of this example can efficiently supply the input AC power to the processing device 6 at the output end, charge the first capacitor 27, and generate the power generation device 1
When no electric power is supplied from the device, the processing device can be operated with the electric power discharged from the first capacitor 27. Furthermore, when the voltage is consumed in the processing device 6 and the voltage of the first capacitor 27 drops, power is also supplied from the second capacitor 28 side to the processing device 6 or the first capacitor 27 by using the transfer capacitor 29. It is also possible to supply. Therefore, it is possible to provide the power generation device 1 capable of converting kinetic energy of the user or the natural world into electric energy by using the rotary weight or the like. Further, by mounting the power supply device 20 and the processing device 6 of the present example, it is possible to provide the electronic device 10 suitable for carrying, which can exhibit its function anytime and anywhere.

[Second Embodiment] FIG. 4 shows an outline of an electronic device 10 equipped with a different power supply device 20 according to the present invention. In the electronic device 10 of the present example, a large-capacity capacitor 9 capable of accumulating a larger amount of power is connected to an output end 22 of a power supply device 20, and the output voltage thereof is stepped up or down by a voltage control device 8 to process a processing circuit. 6
Can be supplied to. Therefore, if the output voltage V2 of the output end 22 is equal to or higher than the predetermined value V0, the voltage V2
0 can be boosted by the voltage control device 8 and supplied to the processing device 6 at a voltage that can be operated, and the processing device 6 can be started even when the electromotive voltage of the power generation device 1 is low. Further, the electronic device 10 of the present example has a startup diode 7a in series with the large-capacity capacitor 9 so that the predetermined voltage can be supplied to the voltage controller 8 even when the large-capacity capacitor 9 is not charged, and the diode 7a. A switch 7b that bypasses is connected. The bypass switch 7b is controlled by a control circuit 7c that monitors the charging voltage of the large-capacity capacitor 9 and the voltage input to the voltage control device 8. The bypass switch 7b is a diode until the charging voltage of the large-capacity capacitor 9 reaches a predetermined value. The voltage V0 for start is secured by the forward voltage of 7a, and if the charging voltage of the large-capacity capacitor 9 becomes high, the diode 7a is bypassed by the switch 7b to process the charged power without loss due to the forward voltage of the diode 7a. The device 6 can be supplied. The start-up system for starting the processing device while charging the large-capacity capacitor 9 is
It can be configured using circuit elements such as resistors and capacitors.

Since the voltage control device 8 also has a step-down function, if the large-capacity capacitor 9 is charged and the voltage becomes high, the voltage control device 8 steps down the voltage to achieve the processing device 6.
To prevent the wasteful consumption of the electric power of the large-capacity capacitor 9. Further, by lowering the voltage, the upper limit of the charging voltage of the large-capacity capacitor 9 can be increased, and the electric power that can be stored in the large-capacity capacitor 9 can be increased.

The power supply device 20 of the present example is provided with the first rectifier circuit 23 and the second rectifier circuit 24 as in the above example, and the electric power accumulated in the second capacitor 28 is first
Transfer capacitor 2 for transfer to the capacitor 27 of
9 is used. Therefore, the same parts as those of the power supply apparatus described above are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The connection circuit 30 of this example includes switches SW11, SW12, SW21 for switching the connection of the transfer capacitor 29.
In addition to SW2 and SW22, a switch SW31 for connecting the first capacitor 27 and the second capacitor 28 to the output end 22 in series and in parallel is provided.
Further, the switches SW12 and SW22 for switching the transfer capacitor 29 are turned on at the same time so that the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 can be connected to the output end 22 in series.

The connection circuit 30 of this example controls the connection switching of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 by the control circuit 3.
It can be performed by the start signal φs output from 1. Therefore, the control circuit 31 has the input terminal 21
Input voltage V1 and the output voltage V2 of the output end 22 are input. The connection circuit 30 includes a serial / parallel switching circuit 40 that switches the signals supplied to the switches SW11 to SW31 by the start signal φs. The serial / parallel switching circuit 40 of this example outputs the pulse signal φa to the switch SW1.
1 and SW12, and an OR gate 41 for supplying it as a control signal φ1 and a pulse signal φb to the switch SW21.
AND gate 4 for supplying as control signal φ21 of
2, and the pulse signal φb is the control signal φ of the switch SW22.
22 and the control signal φ3 of the switch SW31 by inverting the start signal φs.
Inverter 44 for outputting as. A start signal φs is applied to these OR gates 41 and 43.
Is input, and the inverted start signal φs is input to the AND gate 42. Therefore, when the start signal φs is at the high level, the serial-parallel switching circuit 40 outputs the high-level control signals φ1 and φ22 and the low-level control signals φ21 and φ3. For this reason,
The first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are connected to the output terminal 2
2 is connected in series, and the voltage input to the input end 21 is doubled and output from the output end 22. Therefore, the power supply device 20 of this example performs boost rectification when the start signal φs is at a high level, and outputs the power to the output terminal 2.
2 to the large-capacity capacitor 9.

On the other hand, when the start signal φs is at low level, the control signal φ3 is at high level, so that the switch SW3
1 turns on. Therefore, the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are connected in parallel to the output terminal 22. Further, the pulse signal φa is output as the control signal φ1, and the pulse signal φa is output as the control signals φ21 and φ22.
b is output. Therefore, like the power supply device 20 described above, the second capacitor 28 to the first capacitor 27
Power is transferred to. Therefore, the power supply device 20 of this example
In (1), when the start signal φs is at a low level, W half-wave rectification can be performed and the electric power can be supplied from the output end 22 to the large capacity capacitor 8.

5 and 6 show the output power Wd when the W half-wave rectification is performed and the output power Wu when the boost rectification is performed with respect to the voltage V2 at the output end. Further, the output power Wa when the full-wave rectification is performed and the output power Wh when the half-wave rectification is performed are also shown together. Figure 5
FIG. 6 shows changes in the output power obtained when the rotating weight 13 that drives the electromagnetic generator 12 has large movements and the turning angle of the rotating weight 13 is large. FIG.
The change in output power obtained when the turning angle of 3 is small is shown. As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the electric power Wd obtained by the W half-wave rectification is larger than the electric power Wa obtained by the full-wave rectification and the electric power Wh obtained by the half-wave rectification in the entire region. Therefore, by adopting the W half-wave rectification by adopting the power supply device 20 of the present example, it is possible to efficiently rectify the power supplied from the power generation device 1 and obtain a large output power.

On the other hand, electric power Wu obtained by step-up rectification
Comparing with, it can be seen that when the movement is large and small, higher output can be obtained by performing the step-up rectification when the voltage exceeds the predetermined voltage. 2 when output power increases
This is because the secondary charging device is charged and the output voltage V2 becomes high. Therefore, in order to supply power more efficiently to this, it is desirable that the voltage obtained after rectification is high. That is, in the case of performing boost rectification, the charging voltage of each capacitor connected in series in the rectifying circuit becomes low, so the charging efficiency becomes high, and even if the output voltage becomes high, the loss due to the forward voltage of the diode is subtracted. This is because the output power can be increased. Therefore, in this example, when the charging voltage of the large-capacity capacitor 9 exceeds a certain level and further charging is performed, it is suitable to perform boost rectification in the power supply device 20.

When the input voltage V1 at the input terminal 21 is low, it is necessary for the processing device 6 to start using the forward voltage of the start-up diode 7a connected in series to the large capacity capacitor 9. The voltage control device 8 can be supplied with a voltage equal to or higher than the appropriate voltage V0. Therefore, the power supply device 20 boosts the voltage to V0 or more and outputs the voltage to the output terminal 22.
It is possible to start the processing device 6 early by supplying from the above. Therefore, in the power supply device 20 of the present example, as shown in the flowchart in FIG. 7, boost rectification is performed when the input voltage V1 is low, and W half-wave rectification is performed when the input voltage V1 is high. When the output voltage V2 increases, the boost rectification is performed again. First, in step ST11, the input voltage V1 is set to the first reference voltage V0.
Compare with 1. The first reference voltage V01 is a voltage that can ensure the minimum voltage V0 of the voltage control device 8 as the output voltage V2. Therefore, the input voltage V1 is the first reference voltage V
When it is lower than 01, the process proceeds to step ST13 in order to increase the output voltage, the start signal φs is set to high level, and boost rectification is performed. On the other hand, when the input voltage V1 is equal to or higher than the first reference voltage V01, the output voltage V2 is further compared with the second reference voltage V02 in step ST12. The second reference voltage V02 is a reference voltage that switches the rectification method from W half-wave rectification to boost rectification in order to output a larger output power W2 with respect to the output voltage V2, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. The optimum value of the reference voltage V02 varies depending on the magnitude of the movement of the power generator 1, but in this example, an average voltage is set as the reference voltage V02.
In step ST12, the output voltage V2 is the reference voltage V
If it is 02 or more, boost rectification is performed again in step ST13. If the input voltage V1 exceeds the reference voltage V01 and the output voltage V2 does not reach the reference voltage V02, W half-wave rectification that can efficiently rectify and output electric power is performed in step ST14. The control for switching between the mode for performing the W half-wave rectification (mode 1) and the mode for performing the step-up rectification (mode 2) is performed by a control circuit such as a logic circuit or a control mechanism such as a microprocessor controlled by a microprogram. It can be realized by preparing 31. Further, the control program can be provided by being stored in a medium readable by a control mechanism such as a ROM. Further, the value of the reference voltage V01 or V02 can be adjusted by rewriting the data set in the ROM or the like, and can be determined in consideration of the application of the electronic device or individual difference.

FIG. 8 shows pulse signals supplied from the control circuit 31 of the power supply device 20 of this example and control signals generated by the serial / parallel switching circuit 40 from these pulse signals. Initial time t when the power generation device 1 starts power generation
11, the input voltage V1 obtained from the power generator 1
Is low. Therefore, the start signal φs is at a high level, and the serial-parallel switching circuit 40 outputs a high-level control signal φs.
1 and φ22 and low level control signals φ21 and φ
3 and the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are connected in series. Therefore, the power supply device 20
Has a circuit configuration for performing boost rectification, and the input voltage V1 is boosted to about twice and output. Therefore, the input voltage V1
Output voltage V2 higher than that of the input voltage V
Even if 1 is low, a high voltage with respect to the voltage control device 8, for example,
A voltage exceeding the reference voltage V0 can be supplied, and the processing device 6 can be brought into an operating state (immediate start state). However, in the step-up rectification in which the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are connected in series, a loss due to the forward voltage of both the diodes 25 and 26 occurs, so the rectification efficiency is the same as that of the conventional one described with reference to FIG. It is almost the same as the voltage control device.

At time t12, the input voltage V1 changes to the reference voltage V
When 01 is exceeded, the start signal φs supplied from the control circuit 31 becomes low level. Therefore, the control signal φ3 becomes high level and the switch SW31 is turned on. As a result, the first capacitor 27 is connected in parallel to the output end 22, and the second capacitor 28 shifts to the W half-wave rectification mode in which electric power is transferred via the transfer capacitor 29. The serial / parallel switching circuit 40 outputs the pulse signal φa as the control signal φ1 and the pulse signal φb as the control signal φb.
21 and φ22. Therefore, in the same procedure as described above with reference to FIG.
The electric power is transferred from 8 to the first capacitor 27 via the transfer capacitor 29.

When electric power is supplied from the output terminal 22 to the large-capacity capacitor 9 by W half-wave rectification and charging proceeds, time t1
3, the charging voltage exceeds the reference voltage V02. As described above, the power supply device 20 of the present example sets the start signal φs to the high level again at this point to start boost rectification. As a result, an appropriate output voltage V2 for the voltage of the large capacity capacitor 9 can be secured, so that the large capacity capacitor 9 having an increased voltage can be charged more efficiently.

As described above, in the power supply device 20 of this embodiment, in addition to the W half-wave rectification that can rectify and efficiently supply AC power, the first and second rectifying circuits 23 and 23 that perform W half-wave rectification and 24 is used to perform boosting rectification. When W half-wave rectification is performed, it is possible to obtain a higher output than when full-wave or half-wave rectification is performed as shown in FIGS. In particular, when supplying power to the processing device or supplying power to a charging device such as a large-capacity capacitor that has not been charged, it is possible to supply more power than the boost rectification. Further, since the power supply device 20 of the present example is also capable of step-up rectification, it boosts the voltage when the input voltage is low to secure the output voltage, and switches to the step-up rectification when the output voltage becomes high to output a wide output. A large amount of power can be output from the power generation device 1 over the voltage range. Therefore, similarly to the above example, by supplying the electric power from the power generation device 1 via the power supply device 20 of the present example, it is possible to configure a power generation device that can efficiently supply power, and the processing By mounting the electronic device 10 together with the device 6, it is possible to provide an electronic device 10 suitable for carrying, which can perform its function anytime and anywhere.

[Third Embodiment] FIG. 9 shows an outline of an electronic device 10 equipped with a different power supply device 20 according to the present invention. In the electronic device 10 of this example, a power generation device 1 similar to the power generation device shown in FIG. 13 is connected to an input end 21 of a power supply device 20, and a processing device 6 having a timekeeping function or the like is provided at an output end 22. It is connected. The power supply device 20 includes a first rectifier circuit 23 and a second rectifier circuit 24, and can store respective AC components in the first and second capacitors 27 and 28. Similarly, the W half-wave rectification can be performed.
Therefore, the same parts as those of the power supply device of the above-described example are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the power supply device 20 of this example, instead of transferring the power stored in the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 to one of the capacitors, the output terminal 22 is provided on the side of the capacitor having the higher charging voltage. It can be connected to the power output. For this reason, the power supply device 20 of the present example has the connection circuit 3 that switches the connection of the output end 22.
It has 0. The connection circuit 30 of this example has a function of switching the connection of the output end 22, and the switches SW11, SW12, SW21, and SW22 for that purpose are as follows.
The switch arrangement for switching and connecting the transfer capacitors to the respective capacitors 27 or 28 described with reference to FIG. 1 or 4 can be used as it is. In addition, the power supply device 20 of the present example includes the first and second
The capacitors 27 and 28 are connected in series to the output end 22 so that boost rectification is possible. Therefore, the switch SW31 similar to that described in FIG.
Are arranged.

In order to control these switches SW11 to SW31, the connection circuit 30 of this example includes a control circuit 31 that outputs several pulse signals, a charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor, and a second capacitor. A comparison circuit 33 that compares the charging voltage Vs2, a connection switching circuit 32 that switches the connection of the output terminal 22, and a serial-parallel switching circuit 40 that switches the series and parallel connection of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28. Is equipped with. The input voltage V1 is input to the control circuit 31 of this example, and based on this value,
A start signal φs for controlling the connection of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 with the logic as shown in FIG.
Is output. Further, from the control circuit 31, the first clock signal φc1 for instructing the timing of sampling
And a second clock signal φc2 for generating a control signal for operating the switch in combination with the first clock signal φc1 is output and supplied to the comparison circuit 33 and the connection switching circuit 32.

The comparison circuit 33 of this example is similar to the circuit described based on FIG. 1, and the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 obtained by resistance division of the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27 is obtained. And the result is obtained as the output signal φv of the comparator 34. In the comparison circuit 33 of this example, the comparator 34
Is obtained from the same point as the output terminal 22, that is, from the output side of the first or second capacitor 27 or 28, and a stable power source is used for the comparator 34.
Is working.

The connection switching circuit 32 latches the comparator output signal φv and, based on the result, combines the first and second clock signals φc1 and φc2 to switch the connection method of the output end 22 from the signals φ1 ′ and φ.
2'can be generated. Therefore, two D-FFs 35a and 35b are used. DF
The comparator output signal φv is connected to the data input D and the first clock signal φc1 is connected to the clock input CL at F35a. Therefore, the clock signal φc1
The result of the output signal φv is latched at the timing of and output from the non-inverted output Q and the inverted output Q (bar). To the second D-FF 35b, the non-inverted output Q of the first D-FF 35a is connected to the data input D, and the second clock signal φc2 is connected to the clock input CL. The second clock signal φc2 is the first clock signal φ
This signal is delayed in timing from c1 and is the second DF
The same output as the output of the first D-FF 35a is delayed and output from the non-inverted output Q and the inverted output Q (bar) of the F35b.

The connection switching circuit 32 of the present example further includes the first
And an AND gate 38b for taking the AND of the non-inverted outputs Q of the second D-FFs 35a and 35b and outputting a connection switching signal φ2 ', and the first and second D-FFs 35.
AND gate 38a for taking the AND of the inverted outputs Q (bar) of a and 35b and outputting the signal φ1 ′ for connection switching.
Is equipped with. The comparator output signal φv becomes high level when the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor becomes higher than the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor. Therefore, from the connection switching circuit 32 of this example, when the charging voltage Vs2 becomes higher than the charging voltage Vs1, the signal φ1 ′ becomes low level at the timing of the clock signal φc1 and then the signal φ2 ′ at the timing of the clock signal φc2. Becomes a high level. When the charging voltage Vs1 becomes higher than the charging voltage Vs2, conversely, the signal φ is generated at the timing of the clock signal φc1.
2'becomes low level, and then the signal .phi.1 'becomes high level at the timing of the clock signal .phi.c2. Therefore, the signals corresponding to the switching pulse signals φa and φb described above with reference to FIG. 1 or 4 can be obtained from the signal φv which is the comparison result.

The serial / parallel switching circuit 40 of this example has the same configuration as the circuit shown in FIG. 4, and has an OR gate 41 for supplying a signal φ1 ′ to the switches SW11 and SW12 as a control signal φ1. Switch the signal φ2 'to S
An AND gate 42 for supplying as a control signal φ21 of W21, an add gate 43 for supplying a signal φ2 ′ as a control signal φ22 of the switch SW22, and further, a start signal φs is inverted to form a control signal φ3 of the switch SW31. An inverter 44 for outputting is provided. Similarly, the start signal φs is input to the OR gates 41 and 43, and the inverted start signal φs is input to the AND gate 42. Therefore, the serial-parallel switching circuit 40 of the present example outputs the control signals in response to the start signal φs in the same process as the above example.

FIG. 10 shows the state of each control signal in the power supply device 20 of this example using a timing chart. First, at time t21, the input voltage V1 is low, and sufficient electric power is not stored in any of the capacitors 27 and 28. Therefore, the processing device 6 is in the immediate start mode in which the operation can be started immediately after the power generation device 1 generates power, and the start signal φs is at a high level. Therefore, the parallel-parallel switching circuit 40 outputs the high-level control signals φ1 and φ22 and the low-level control signals φ21 and φ3, and the capacitors 27 and 28 are connected in series to perform boost rectification. Therefore, as the output voltage V2, the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2
Therefore, the voltage necessary for operating the processing device 6 can be secured.

At time t22, when the electromotive voltage of the generator 1 rises and the input voltage V1 exceeds the reference voltage V01, the immediate start mode is released and the start signal φs becomes low level. As a result, the control signal φ3 becomes low level, the switch SW31 is turned on, and the W half-wave rectification is started. At this stage, the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2 of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are almost equal. Therefore, in this example, in order to obtain the charging voltage Vs2, the ratio of R1 and R2 to be resistance-divided is made different, and the charging voltage Vs2 is biased.
The comparator output φv at the time of the previous sampling is set to the low level. Therefore, at time t22, the signal φ1 ′ is at high level and φ2 ′ is at low level. As a result, the control signal φ1 goes high, the control signals φ21 and φ22 go low, and the switch SW1
1 and SW12 turn on, and switches SW21 and S
W22 is turned off. Therefore, the output end 22 is connected to the side of the first capacitor 27, and electric power is output via the first capacitor 27. On the other hand, the second capacitor 28
Is separated from the output end 22, so that one of the AC components is charged with the power half-wave rectified, and the charging power Vs2 rises.

When the sampling clock signal φc1 goes high at time t23, the comparison circuit 33 compares the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2. When the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 is higher than the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27, the comparator output φ
v goes high. Therefore, the D-FF 35a latches the clock signal φc1 at the falling edge (time t24), and the outputs Q and Q (bar) are inverted. As a result, the signal φ1 ′ goes low and the control signal φ1 output from the serial-parallel switching circuit 40 goes low. Therefore,
The output terminal 22 has the first and second capacitors 27 and 2
It becomes the state separated from both of 8.

When the second clock signal φc2 is turned on at time t25, the output of the preceding D-FF 35a is latched by the D-FF 35b at the fall. As a result, the signal φ2 ′ goes high, and the high-level control signals φ21 and φ22 are output through the serial-parallel switching circuit 40.
Therefore, the switches SW21 and SW22 are turned on, and the output end 22 is connected to the second capacitor 28 side. Therefore, electric power is supplied from the output end 22 through the second capacitor 28. Since the first capacitor 27 is separated from the output end 22, it is charged by the power obtained by half-wave rectifying one of the AC components, and the charging power Vs1 rises. At time t26 of the next sampling timing,
Since the magnitude relationship between the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2 has not changed, the comparator output φv becomes a high level, which is latched to control signals φ1 and φ21, φ similar to the above.
22 is continuously output.

When the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27 is equal to or higher than the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 at the next sampling timing at time t27, the comparator output φv remains at the low level.
Therefore, at time t28, the D-FF 35a latches the comparator output φv and the outputs Q and Q (bar) are inverted. Therefore, the control signals φ21 and φ22 become low level, the switches SW21 and SW22 are turned off, and the output end 22 is disconnected from the second capacitor 28. Then, at time t29, the second clock signal φc2
Becomes high level, this causes the D-FF 35b to latch the output of the preceding D-FF 35a, and to output Q and Q
(Bar) is reversed. Therefore, the control signal φ1 goes high, the switches SW11 and SW12 are turned on, and the output end 22 is connected to the side of the first capacitor 27 where the charging voltage Vs1 has risen.

In this way, the power supply device 20 of this example
, The output terminal 22 is connected to the higher voltage of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28, which are charged with the half-wave rectified electric power, respectively, and is stored in the respective capacitors 27 and 28. The electric power can be supplied from the output end 22 to the processing device 6. Further, as can be seen from the timing chart shown in FIG. 10, the output terminal 22 is connected to the capacitors 27 and 28 so that the current does not flow from the side of the capacitor having the higher charging voltage toward the capacitor having the lower charging voltage. After disconnecting from once, it is connected to the other capacitor. Therefore, during this period, the auxiliary capacitor 49 is provided at the output end 22 so that the processing device 6 can be continuously supplied with electric power.
Are connected in parallel so that electric power can be supplied to the processing device 6 from the auxiliary capacitor 49. Further, since electric charges are temporarily stored in the auxiliary capacitor 49, the auxiliary capacitor 49 also has the ability to reduce the voltage difference when switching from a capacitor having a lowered voltage to a capacitor having a higher voltage. Further, in the power supply device 20 of this example, the output end 22
A resistor 48 is connected in series to the above, and this also alleviates a sudden change in voltage and enables stable power supply to the processing device 6. Further, the power supply device 2 of this example
At 0, the first and second capacitors 27 and 28 are equivalent in circuit, and it is possible to increase their respective capacities and increase the total charging capacity of the power supply device 20. Of course, it is possible to reduce the capacity of either one of the capacitors.

As described above, the power supply device 20 of this example is
W half-wave rectification is possible as in the power supply device described above, and the capacitors 27 and 28 are charged with electric power with less loss due to the forward voltage of the diode, so that the rectification efficiency can be increased. Then, the respective capacitors 27 and 28 are charged with electric power of each component of the alternating current, and the electric power can be supplied from the output end 22 to the processing device 6, so that it is possible to output electric power higher than full-wave rectification. Become. Therefore, by using the power supply device 20 of the present example, it is possible to provide a power generation device with high power supply efficiency as in the above example, and also to efficiently convert living energy and natural energy into electric power. It is possible to provide an electronic device that can exert its function anytime and anywhere.

[Fourth Embodiment] FIG. 11 shows an electronic device 10 equipped with a different power supply device 20 according to the present invention.
Is shown. Also in the electronic device 10 of this example, the power generation device 1 similar to the power generation device shown in FIG. 13 is connected to the input end 21 of the power supply device 20, and the processing device 6 having a timing function or the like is connected to the output end 22. Has been done. Further, the power supply device 20 of this example also includes a first rectifier circuit 23 and a second rectifier circuit 24, and the first and second capacitors 27 are provided.
It is possible to store respective AC components in and 28. Therefore, W half-wave rectification can be performed similarly to the above power supply device. It should be noted that parts that are common to the power supply device and the like of the above-described example are assigned the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

In the power supply device 20 of this example, the output end 22 is connected to the first capacitor 27, and the second capacitor 28 is connected in parallel to the first capacitor 27 so that the second capacitor 28 is connected to the second capacitor 28. The charged power can be transferred to the first capacitor 27. For this reason, the power supply device 20 of the present example includes the connection circuit 30 that can disconnect the second capacitor 28 from the second rectifier circuit 24 and connect the second capacitor 28 in parallel with the first capacitor 27. The connection circuit 30 of this example is substantially the same as the connection circuit of the above-described example, and includes switches SW11 and SW12 for connecting the second capacitor 28 to the first capacitor 27 side, and the second capacitor 28. Switches SW21 and SW22 for connecting to the second rectifier circuit 24, and a control circuit 31 for outputting a clock signal for controlling these switches.
And control signals φ1 and φ2 for controlling the switch
And a comparison circuit 33 for comparing the charging voltages Vs1 and Vs2 of the first and second capacitors 27 and 28. The configuration of the comparison circuit 33 is similar to that of the above-described example, and the comparison result is supplied to the connection switching circuit 32 as the comparator output φv.

The connection switching circuit 32 of this example latches the comparator output φv with the clock signal φc1 and outputs the output signals Q and Q (bar) until it is reset with the second clock signal φc2 connected to the reset input. D to output
-FF35. And D-FF
The non-inverting output Q of the switch 35 is used as the control signal φ1 for the switch SW
11 and SW12, and the inverted output Q (bar) is output as the control signal φ2 to the switches SW21 and SW.
22 are supplied. Therefore, as shown in the timing chart of FIG. 12, when the clock signal φc1 is sampled at the time t31, the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 becomes higher than the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27. If so, the high-level comparator output φv is output. As a result, at time t32, the signal φv is latched by the D-FF 35 at the fall of the clock signal φc1, and the high-level control signal φ1 and the low-level control signal φ2 are output. Therefore, the switch SW
11 and SW12 turn on, and SW21 and SW22
Turns off. Therefore, the second capacitor 28 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor 27. At this time, since the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor 28 is higher than the charging voltage Vs1 of the first capacitor 27, charges are transferred from the second capacitor 28 to the first capacitor 27 side. When the second clock signal φc2 is input and falls at time t33, the D-FF 35 is reset,
The control signal φ1 goes low and the control signal φ2 goes high. Therefore, the second capacitor 28 is connected to the second rectifier circuit 24 side, and the W half-wave rectification is started.
As described above, also in the power supply device 20 of the present example, it is possible to reduce the influence of the loss of the forward voltage due to the diode as in the above-described example, and the AC power is supplied to the first and second AC power sources with high rectification efficiency. It can be stored in capacitors 27 and 28. Then, the electric power stored in the respective capacitors 27 and 28 can be supplied to the processing device 6 from the output end 22 by transferring the electric power to the first capacitor 27 as described above.

In the power supply device 20 of this example, the second
Since the capacitor 28 itself is separated from the rectifier circuit and can be connected to the first capacitor 27, the transfer capacitor is unnecessary. Also, the output end 22 is the first
Since it is still connected to the capacitor 27, it is not necessary to provide an auxiliary capacitor also on the output end 22 side. Therefore, the W half-wave rectification is possible with a simple and inexpensive structure, and the small electronic device 10 capable of supplying the electric power charged in the capacitors 27 and 28 from the output end 22 to the processing device 6 can be realized. . However, in the power supply device 20 of this example, the circuit of the second capacitor 28 is directly switched and connected to the side of the first capacitor.
Therefore, the second capacitor 28 is replaced by the first capacitor 27.
While the battery is being charged, the power rectified by the second rectifier circuit 24 cannot be stored, and the output power is slightly reduced.
Therefore, in the power supply device 20 of the present example, the second capacitor 28 is forcibly forced by the second clock φc2.
Is returned to the side of the second rectifier circuit 24 so that the rectified power can be stored in the second capacitor 28. Therefore, it is desirable to transfer the charge from the second capacitor 28 to the first capacitor 27 in a short time, and for that purpose, the charging voltage Vs2 of the second capacitor is set to the first value.
It is desirable to keep the voltage sufficiently higher than the charging voltage Vs1 of the capacitor. Therefore, in the power supply device 20 of this example, the capacity of the second capacitor 28 is made sufficiently smaller than that of the first capacitor 27 so that the power transfer speed can be increased. Further, since the first capacitor 27 serves as the main capacitor in the power supply device 20 of this example, it is desirable that the first capacitor 27 has a sufficient capacity to continuously supply power to the processing device 6.

As described above, the power supply device of the present invention is a vibration type power generation device using a piezoelectric element, or a power generation device of FIG.
It is possible to efficiently rectify AC power supplied from a rotary electromagnetic power generator including the rotor and stator shown in Fig. 1, and to rectify and output both components of AC power. Is possible. Therefore, the electric power generated by the power generation device can be supplied to the processing device and the charging device such as the large-capacity capacitor with a small loss. Therefore, by mounting the power supply device or the power generation device of the present invention together with the processing device, the power generation device supplies power even to an electronic device that does not generate stable electromotive force by capturing the power of the user. Power can be effectively utilized. Therefore, it is possible to provide an electronic device capable of continuously operating the processing device for a long time in various environments without a battery. The electronic device of the present invention is
The present invention is not limited to the wristwatch device described above, and can be used as other portable or vehicle-mounted electronic devices, and can realize electronic devices that can exhibit the function of the processing device anytime and anywhere. For example, the present invention, in addition to the electronic device having the clock function described in the above example,
Pager, telephone, radio, hearing aid, pedometer, calculator,
An electronic device can be configured by mounting together with various processing devices that operate by consuming electric power, such as an information terminal such as an electronic notebook, an IC card, and a radio receiver.

It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned some circuit examples. For example, the connection circuits described in each example can be applied to other examples, and can be appropriately combined depending on the use or purpose of the electronic device in which the power supply device is mounted, or the function of the processing device. Is possible. Further, it is of course possible to adopt another circuit having the same function or program control. It is also possible to use a bipolar or unipolar transistor switch as each switch, and various variations are possible such as providing an electric power supply device in the form of an IC or mounting it on the same semiconductor substrate together with a processing device. .

[0068]

As described above, in the power supply device of the present invention, the components of AC power are half-wave rectified and once charged in a storage means such as a capacitor, and a transfer capacitor is used. Alternatively, the capacitor is directly connected to collect power in one of the power storage means so that the power of the power storage means can be output from the output end. Alternatively, the connection of the output end is switched to each power storage means so that electric power can be output. Therefore, the loss due to the forward voltage Vf of the diode can be reduced to about half-wave rectification, and high rectification efficiency can be obtained. Together with this, it is possible to rectify and output both AC components, as in full-wave rectification. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a power supply device having high rectification efficiency and capable of outputting electric power equal to or higher than full-wave rectification. Therefore, the power supply device of the present invention can be used to efficiently charge the charging device with the power from the small power generator built into the wristwatch device or the like, and to supply the power to the processing device. Further, by mounting the power generation device of the present invention together with the processing device and the charging device, it is possible to provide an electronic device suitable for a portable type capable of continuously operating the processing device under various environments. Regardless of
It is possible to provide an electronic device that allows the functions of the processing device to be fully exerted at any time and anywhere.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device including a power supply device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control method of the power supply device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing a control signal for operating a switch included in the power supply device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device including a power supply device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a graph showing the power that can be output from the power supply device shown in FIG. 4 against the output voltage, and is shown together with another rectification method.

6 is a graph showing the power that can be output from the power supply device shown in FIG. 4 against the output voltage, and is a diagram that shows the power that can be output when the turning angle of the rotary weight of the power generator is small.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a control method of the power supply device shown in FIG.

8 is a timing chart showing control signals and the like for operating switches included in the power supply device shown in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device including a power supply device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a timing chart showing control signals and the like for operating switches that form the power supply device shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electronic device including a power supply device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a timing chart showing control signals and the like for operating switches that form the power supply apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a wristwatch device including a conventional power generation device, which is a diagram including an electromagnetic rotary power generation device including a rotor and a stator.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the characteristics of the forward voltage of a diode.

[Explanation of symbols]

1.-Power generator 5-Large-capacity capacitor 6-Processing device 7a-Startup diode 7b-Bypass switch 7c-Startup control circuit 10-Portable electronic device 12-Electromagnetic generator 13- -Rotating weight 20-Power supply device 21-Input terminal 22-Output terminal 23-First rectifier circuit 24-Second rectifier circuit 25-First diode 26-Second diode 27 -First capacitor 28-Second capacitor 29-Transfer capacitor 30-Connection circuit 31-Control circuit 32-Connection switching circuit 33-Comparison circuit 34-Comparator 35-Flip-flop 40 ..Sequential parallel switching circuits SW11, SW12, SW21, SW22, SW31
・ Switch for switching connection of capacitors Vs1, Vs2 ・ ・ Charge voltage R1, R2 of capacitor ・ ・ Resistance for detecting charge voltage

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G04G 1/00 G04C 10/00 H02M 3/07 H02M 7/00

Claims (14)

(57) [Claims] 1. An input terminal to which AC power is input, a first rectifying unit that half-wave rectifies a first AC component of the AC power to charge a first storage unit, and a first rectifying unit of the AC power. in the power supply device having a second rectifier means for charging the second alternating component in the half-wave rectified by the second power storage unit, and an output connected to at least one of said first and second storage means there are, rolling a charge to the first storage means from said second storage means
An electric power supply device having an auxiliary power storage means for transmitting the electric power. 2. The second electric storage means according to claim 1.
Is higher than the charging voltage of the first storage means
Power by switching the connection of the auxiliary power storage means
Characterized by having a connection means capable of transferring force
Power supply equipment. 3. The output terminal according to claim 1, wherein the output terminal is the first terminal.
Of the second power storage means connected to the first power storage means.
The charging voltage is higher than the charging voltage of the first storage means.
The second storage means is disconnected from the input end when
And a connecting means connected in parallel with the first power storage means.
A power supply device characterized by the above. 4. The first and second elements according to claim 1.
Connect the output terminal to the one with the higher charging voltage of the storage means
A power supply device comprising a connecting means. 5. The connection means and the connection device according to claim 4,
Check that the auxiliary storage means is connected via the resistance component.
Characteristic power supply device. 6. The odor according to claim 2, 3 or 4.
And the connection means is configured to perform the first charging of the first power storage means.
The voltage and the first and second power storage means are connected in series.
The second charging voltage obtained by resistance division of the combined voltage
Power characterized by comprising a comparison means for comparing
Supply device. 7. The second charging voltage according to claim 6,
Is a voltage obtained by unevenly dividing the combined voltage.
A power supply device characterized by the above. 8. The first and second elements according to claim 1.
The output end in parallel with at least one of the storage means of
A first mode for connection and the first and second power storage hands
A second mode in which a stage is connected in series to the output
Power supply device characterized by having a connecting means provided
Place 9. The connecting means according to claim 8,
When the voltage at the input terminal is lower than a predetermined value, the second mode
A power supply device characterized by selecting a mode. 10. The connecting means according to claim 8,
When the voltage at the output end is higher than a predetermined value, the second
A power supply device characterized by selecting a mode. 11. A power supply device according to claim 1, and a power generation means capable of supplying the AC power to the input end.
A power generation device characterized by: 12. A power supply device according to claim 1, a power generation unit capable of supplying the AC power to the input end, and a processing device operated by the DC power from the output end.
An electronic device comprising: 13. A half-wave rectifier for a first AC component of AC power.
Then, the first power storage means is charged and the second AC power is exchanged.
Current component is half-wave rectified to charge the second power storage means,
Transfer the electric charge from the second storage means to the first storage means,
Outputting the electric power stored in the first power storage means
Characteristic power supply method. 14. A first AC component of input AC power.
Half-wave rectified to charge the first power storage means and generate a second alternating current
Half-wave rectified by half-wave to charge the second storage means,
And the electric power stored in the second power storage means is supplied to the output end.
Method for controlling a power supply device, which includes the following steps:
A method for controlling a power supply device, comprising: 1. At least one of the first and second power storage means
A first step of connecting the outputs of the crabs in parallel. 2. The first and second power storage means are connected in series to the output end.
Second step of connecting to.