JP3525171B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of incinerators that can be incinerated at high temperatures to reduce the generation of harmful gases.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Today, it is regarded as a problem that harmful dioxin is contained in exhaust gas when incinerating wastes from homes, hospitals, schools and the like. It has been confirmed that the generation of such harmful substances is reduced by high temperature combustion under sufficient oxygen supply. However, such high temperature incineration is easy to achieve in a large incinerator, but is difficult in a medium to small incinerator.

[0003]

For this reason, medium- and small-sized incinerators cannot be used because they cannot be used due to the fact that they cannot clear the strict emission standards for dioxins. There remains a problem such as having to resort to a privately owned processing company, and there is a problem to be solved by the present invention.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances in order to solve these problems, and the invention of claim 1 comprises a burner and a blower. In an incinerator comprising a primary combustion chamber for forcibly burning the input combustion products, and a secondary combustion chamber for recombusting the combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber,
The flow path of the combustion gas from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber has a flow path diameter smaller than that of any of the primary and secondary combustion chambers, and a ventilation small hole for the combustion gas to pass through the small flow path. And the ventilation passage is provided.
Is a cylinder formed between the primary combustion chamber and the secondary combustion chamber.
-Shaped through hole, and the ventilation means is incorporated in the through hole.
It is an incinerator characterized by having a bottomed cylinder . And by doing so, the generation of high-speed vortex of the combustion gas passing through the ventilation means is prompted, even small incinerator is promoted complete combustion of the combustion gas, it is possible to suppress dioxin, further the Of the combustion gas
It can contribute to the generation of a higher-speed vortex flow. The invention according to claim 2, in claim 1, bottomed tubular body is a incinerator, wherein a diameter is formed by stacking sequentially a plurality of different cylinder, By doing so, the combustion The gas sequentially passes through the stacked cylinders from the outer side to the inner side, which can contribute to the generation of further high-speed vortex flow of the combustion gas. Claim 3
The invention of claim 1, in claim 1 , is an incinerator characterized in that the bottomed tubular body is configured by spirally winding a plate-like body having a vent hole, and in such a case, a multilayer structure is provided. The bottomed cylindrical body can be manufactured easily, and the diameter of the secondary combustion chamber on the upper side can be increased, so that the generation efficiency of the high-speed vortex can be further improved.

[0005]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the drawing,
Reference numeral 1 denotes a pressure incineration type incinerator. The incinerator 1 has a primary combustion chamber 2 in which waste (combustion material) is input and burned, and combustion gas burned and gasified by the primary combustion chamber 2. Is further provided with a secondary combustion chamber 3 for further burning the same, a tertiary combustion chamber 4, and a chimney 5 for discharging exhaust gas generated in the tertiary combustion chamber 4 to the outside in order from the lower side. The partition plate 6 for partitioning the chamber 2 and the secondary combustion chamber 3 is provided with a tubular passage 7 having a small diameter cylindrical shape, and the tubular passage 7 is provided with a through cylinder body 14 for combustion gas, which will be described later. .
In addition, 8 is a fireproof wall.

The primary combustion chamber 2 has a combustion material inlet 9 and a residue outlet 10 for taking out combustion residues, which are provided with upper and lower doors, respectively, and further, the air pressure-fed by the blower 11 is primarily burned. Air supply pipe 1 to supply to chamber 2
2. A burner 13 for burning the primary combustion chamber 2 is provided,
In the primary combustion chamber 2, the waste that has been injected through the injection port 9 receives an injection-like flame emitted from the burner 13 in an air-pressurized state and is combusted under pressure. Incidentally, although the air supply pipe 12 may be arranged at, for example, a substantially central position of the primary combustion chamber in a plan view, it is arranged at the peripheral portion in the present embodiment. That is, the ventilation passage 11 a from the blower 11 is piped in the first combustion chamber 2, but the air chamber 1 is provided on the inner circumference of the fireproof wall 8 of the first combustion chamber 2.
1b is formed in a tubular shape and is connected to the lower side of the air chamber 11 so as to communicate therewith. At the upper end of the air chamber 11b, there is an air supply pipe 1 which faces in the vertical direction with an appropriate space in the circumferential direction.
The upper ends of the two are connected for communication. A plurality of air supply holes 12a are formed in the air supply pipe 12 so as to face one side in the circumferential direction. Further, in the present embodiment, the air supplied from the blower 11 is supplied to the air chamber 11b, rises while being heated here, and is forcibly supplied from the air supply hole 12a of the air supply pipe 12. However, in that case, the air resistance is set to 20%.

As shown in the drawing, the cylindrical flow path 7 has a diameter smaller than that of any of the primary and secondary combustion chambers 2 and 3, and the disposition position thereof is separated by an air supply pipe 12 and a combustion material charging port. Although it is located at a position deviating to the side opposite to 9,
A through cylinder body 14 is incorporated in the. In the present embodiment, the through-cylinder body 14 is made of a stainless steel material having excellent heat resistance, and is a spiral cylinder using a so-called punching plate (plate-shaped body) in which a plurality of ventilation small holes 14a are vertically and horizontally formed. It is formed into a shape. That is, the through-cylinder body 14 includes the plate-shaped body 14b having the plurality of ventilation small holes 14a formed therein,
It has an inverted truncated cone shape that is wound in a spiral tube shape with the side having a small diameter, and the bottom surface having the small diameter is covered with a plate-like body 14b in which a ventilation hole 14a is formed, but the ceiling surface is It is open without covering. Further, the through cylinder body 14 is
The diameter of the bottom surface side is smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular flow path 7, and the diameter of the portion near the ceiling is the same diameter as the diameter of the tubular flow passage 7. It is configured so that it can be fitted and incorporated into the air flow path 7. Then, the combustion gas generated in the first combustion chamber 2 passes through the vent holes 14a of the through cylinder body 14.
It is adapted to be supplied to the second combustion chamber 3 through the.

A plurality of (four in the present embodiment) air inlet windows 3a are opened on the side wall forming the second combustion chamber 3, and the outside air can be taken in through the air inlet windows 3a. Is the second combustion chamber 3 facing the air inlet window 3a.
A guide plate 3b that guides the flow of the inflowing air in the circumferential direction is provided upright from the bottom inside of the chamber so that the inside of the second combustion chamber 3 cannot be directly seen through the air inflow window 3a. ing.

On the other hand, the diameter of the third combustion chamber 4 is smaller than that of the second combustion chamber 3, but the flow passage 15 from the second combustion chamber 3 to the third combustion chamber 4 is further smaller in diameter. . The third combustion chamber 4 is further provided with an outside air introduction pipe 16 and a burner 17 for introducing the outside air pressure-fed from the blower 11 for further combusting.

In the embodiment of the present invention constructed as described above, a combustion product is introduced into the primary combustion chamber 2 and the blower 11 is introduced.
The air is supplied by the burner 13, and the burners 13 and 17 are ignited for combustion. First, in the primary combustion chamber 2, the air is supplied by the blower 11 and the injection flame by the burner 13 is received in a pressurized state. Combustion products are combusted.
At this time, in the primary combustion chamber 2, a pressurized swirl-like combustion flow is generated in association with the supply from the air supply pipe 12, and a part of the combustion gas passes through the tubular flow path 7 to cause the secondary combustion. It is supplied to the chamber 3. When the combustion gas passes through the tubular flow passage 7, the combustion gas in a pressurized (high pressure) vortex state passes through the ventilation small holes 14a formed in the through cylinder body 14, 7 has a small diameter, and the passage from the high pressure atmosphere of the primary combustion chamber 2 to the low pressure atmosphere of the secondary combustion chamber 3 and the passage from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side of the passage cylinder 14 results in the ventilation small holes. The passing velocity of the combustion gas of 14a passes through as a violent vortex with an accelerated velocity. As a result, the passage of the combustion gas is concentrated in the through-cylinder body 14 and the temperature thereof rises by itself, and the high temperature and agitation of the combustion gas are greatly promoted, and the high temperature homogenization of the gas components is achieved while the secondary combustion is achieved. It reaches the combustion chamber 3.
Then, in the secondary combustion chamber 3, the outside air is introduced from the air inflow window 3a in response to the intense swirl generated by the passage of the through cylinder body 14, and the introduced outside air is taken into the intense swirl and homogenized at high temperature. The combustion gas is well mixed with the generated combustion gas, whereby the combustion gas is supplied with oxygen at all times and high temperature reburning is efficiently performed. For this reason,
The combustion gas is subjected to a combustion decomposition action that is closer to complete combustion, thereby promoting the thermal decomposition of a hardly combustible substance such as dioxin.

Moreover, in this structure, the primary combustion chamber 2
Since the pressurizing combustion gas from the inside of the through-cylinder body 14 having the ventilation small holes 14a through which it passes through to the secondary combustion chamber 3 is formed by a spiral cylinder body having a small diameter on the primary combustion chamber side, The passage cylinder body 14 can be easily created, and the passage cylinder body 14 can be set in the tubular flow passage 7 only by inserting the passage cylinder body 7 into the tubular passage 7 from the upper side. It will be easy.

In addition, since the through-cylinder body 14 has a spiral shape, the plate-like bodies 14b are arranged in a laminated manner with a space therebetween, so that the combustion gas passes through the through-cylinder body 14 while the outer plate When passing through the ventilation small holes 14a of the plate-shaped body 14b, when passing through the ventilation small holes 14b of the plate-like body inside thereof, it is sequentially passed through the ventilation small holes 14a that are biased to the upper side of the passing position. It will be done towards the plate-shaped body of
Generation of a further high-speed vortex is promoted, which contributes to further complete combustion. Incidentally, in the present embodiment, the secondary combustion chamber 3 is further provided with an external air introduction pipe 16 forcibly introducing the external air and a tertiary combustion chamber 4 provided with a burner 17 for forcible combustion, and forced pressurization combustion is provided. Since the combustion gas is decomposed by combustion, the forced combustion for complete combustion can be performed, and the generation of dioxins can be further reduced.

Further, as the through-cylinder body 14, since the bottom surface on the side of the primary combustion chamber 2 is covered, the inflow of combustion gas from the primary combustion chamber 2 into the through-cylinder body 14 is the same as the side surface on the bottom surface. This prevents a large amount of inflow from the bottom surface and impairs the generation of high-speed vortices. On the other hand, as a result of being open on the secondary combustion chamber 3 side, the passing cylinder body 1
There is an advantage that the combustion gas that has passed through the four blades can be smoothly moved to the secondary combustion chamber 3 side, and the generated high speed vortex can be prevented from being slowed down by giving resistance.

Further, paying attention to the first combustion chamber 2, the first combustion chamber 2 has an air chamber 11b on the inner circumference of the refractory wall 8.
Since the fireproof wall 8 is formed, since the air chamber 11b exists as a single heat insulating layer and its temperature rise is suppressed, the temperature of the outer surface of the fireproof wall 8 can be lowered. The outside air supplied to the first combustion chamber 2 is the air chamber 1
The one heated by 1b will be supplied,
It is possible to avoid the problem that the temperature in the first combustion chamber 2 is lowered by the outside air supply, as compared with the case where the outside air is directly supplied. Moreover, since the air supplied from the air supply pipe 12 is directed in the same direction, the air supplied from the pipe 12 promotes the formation of a spiral in the first combustion chamber 2, and the spiral is formed. Since the combustion gas is supplied to the through-cylinder body 14, the combustion gas is integrated and the efficiency of combustion is further enhanced.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment, and the passing cylinder body constituting the ventilation means is limited to the spiral cylinder shape as shown in FIG. 6 (X). However, as shown in FIG. 7 (Y), a plurality of laminated cylindrical bodies can be formed. Further, as shown in FIG. 7 (Z), a single cylindrical body can be configured. Most preferred.

In the first embodiment, the external air is forcibly taken in the second combustion chamber 3, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, sufficient air supply in the first combustion chamber 2 is possible. If it is possible to implement it, it can be implemented without forming an air inlet window. For that purpose, as in the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 to 10,
The air supply amount in the primary combustion chamber 2 should be increased. That is, in this one, the outside air (air) is introduced into the primary combustion chamber 2 by a plurality of blowers (here, three), and a plurality of corresponding outside air introduction pipes 18 are provided.
If the outside air is in the excessive supply state, the introduction of the outside air into the second combustion chamber 3 becomes unnecessary, and the combustion gas passing through the 14 through cylinders can be swirled at a higher speed. In this case, since a large amount of oxygen is already contained in the high temperature combustion gas passing through the through-cylinder body 14, combustion by outside air introduction as in the case of introducing outside air in the second combustion chamber 3 Although it hardly affects the efficiency, the temperature drop can be prevented, and even in the case of a large amount of combustion, it can be dealt with. Regarding the drawing code of the second embodiment, the drawing code having the same drawing code as that of the first embodiment is the same although the shape and the like are different, and the details thereof are omitted.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an incinerator showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view of the incinerator.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the incinerator with the burner portion cut away.

5 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.

6 (X), (Y), and (Z) are examples of the through-cylinder body.

FIG. 7 is a front view of an incinerator showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway side view of the incinerator.

FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway enlarged view of the incinerator.

FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view of a second combustion chamber portion of the incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 incinerator 2 Primary combustion chamber 3 Secondary combustion chamber 7 ventilation channels 14 through cylinder 14a vent hole

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Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A primary combustion chamber that is equipped with a burner and a blower, and that compulsorily combusts an input combustion product, and a secondary combustion chamber that recombusts the combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber. In the incinerator, the flow path of the combustion gas from the primary combustion chamber to the secondary combustion chamber has a flow path diameter smaller than that of any of the primary and secondary combustion chambers, and the combustion gas passes through the small flow path. A ventilation means having a ventilation small hole for forming the ventilation passage is provided , and the ventilation passage has a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber.
A cylindrical through hole formed between the
An incinerator characterized by a bottomed cylindrical body incorporated in the through hole . 2. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the bottomed cylindrical body is formed by laminating a plurality of cylindrical bodies having different diameters in sequence. 3. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the bottomed tubular body is formed by spirally winding a plate-shaped body having a vent hole.