JP3518747B2 - Float type selective water intake equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a float-type selective water intake facility in which the intake water depth can be arbitrarily selected.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, the summer water temperature stratification of a dam lake is shown in FIG.
As shown in 5, it is divided into a surface water layer with a high water temperature (about 2 to 5 m depth), a thermocline (about 3 to 10 m depth) where the water temperature changes rapidly, and a deep water layer with a low water temperature. To be done.

At the time of water intake for irrigation, it is necessary to take water from a surface water layer having a high water temperature and discharge it in order to secure a water temperature suitable for growth of agricultural products (about 30 °).

When muddy water containing fine clay silt (feldspar, paraffin, etc.) flows into a dam lake due to heavy rain or flood, the muddy water stays in the thermocline for a long period of time, and the silt gradually forms a deep water layer. Since it settles on the bottom of the lake, turbid water may be released several weeks to months after heavy rains and floods, so it is necessary to take in and release water from a clear surface layer.

Further, recently, for the purpose of water quality conservation, it has become necessary to take in and discharge a density current of the same water temperature level as the river upstream of the dam lake. In this case, water is taken from the thermocline or directly below it. Need to be released.

Therefore, when the conventional selective intake facility is used, the intake depth is selected by forming intakes of different depths in multiple steps on the dam dam and opening / closing the gate of each intake. Alternatively, a cylinder or a semi-cylindrical gate that can be moved up and down with a telescope fixed to the bottom or a dam has been proposed to take water from the required water depth.

[0007]

However, since the water level in the dam lake constantly fluctuates, it is necessary to automatically follow the change and effectively withdraw water from the surface layer, the thermocline, or immediately below it and release it. There is a problem that there are many complicated operations.
Furthermore, installing a new selective intake facility on an existing dam not only involves major changes in civil engineering, but also requires temporary suspension of discharge, and sometimes dam lakes to be dry, which makes construction difficult. There is.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to automatically follow the fluctuation of the water level and effectively take water, and to reduce the amount of interaction with the civil engineering structure to the minimum. It is intended to provide a float type selective intake facility that can be simplified.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a float, which moves up and down according to the water level, with respect to an intake formed in a dam, and a lift attached to the float. A float type selective water intake facility is provided, which is provided with an underwater float that can be raised and lowered with a water shield curtain that can shield the surrounding area and the lower side of the water intake. is there.

According to the present invention, when a submersible float is moved up and down by an elevator for a float that moves up and down according to the water level, the water shielding curtain provided on the submersible float shields the periphery and the lower side of the intake port, and the water is Only the gap between the upper side of the impermeable curtain and the float flows into the impermeable curtain and the water is taken from the intake port. Therefore, for example, if the underwater float is moved up and down by the elevator so that the gap between the upper side of the impermeable curtain and the float is located in the surface water layer, only the surface water layer can be taken from the water inlet. In addition, when the upper side of the impermeable curtain is positioned within the thermocline,
The surface water layer and the thermocline can be simultaneously taken in from the intake, and if the upper side of the impermeable curtain is positioned in the deep water layer (that is, the impermeable curtain is lowered to the bottom), Water can be taken from all layers.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the underwater float comprises:
If the upper and lower impermeable curtains are arranged in a multi-tiered structure so as to maintain a predetermined interval and the lower end of the upper impermeable curtain overlaps with the upper end of the lower impermeable curtain, the number of steps can be reduced even in dam lakes with different water depths. It can be easily applied just by changing it.

According to claim 3, the underwater float is
If the structure is such that the water curtains are connected between the upper and lower submerged floats so that they are arranged in multiple stages to maintain a predetermined interval, it is easy to apply even by changing the number of stages even in a dam lake with different water depths. it can.

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, among the underwater floats provided in the upper and lower stages, the underwater float on the upper stage side and the underwater float on the lower stage side can be raised and lowered independently by an elevator, and the underwater float on the upper stage side and the lower stage If an impermeable curtain is not provided between each of the underwater floats on the side of the underwater float on the side, between each underwater float on the boundary of the underwater float on the upper side and the underwater float on the lower side When the submersible floats at each stage are moved up and down by the elevator so that the gap is located at or immediately below the thermocline, only the thermocline or just below it can take water from the water inlet.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a water thermometer for measuring the water temperature in the water depth direction is provided on the dam near the water intake, and the underwater float is controlled so that water can be taken from the same water temperature level as the upstream inflow water temperature. Can be

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, a turbidimeter for measuring the turbidity in the water depth direction is provided on the dam near the intake, and the underwater float is controlled to rise and fall according to the turbidity. it can.

According to a seventh aspect, the underwater float comprises:
It can be made of a metal box having a buoyancy material filled inside.

According to claim 8, the underwater float comprises:
It can be made of a rubber tube having air injected therein.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the impermeable curtain is
It may be made of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin having flexibility, or cloth.

[0019]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 6 show a float type selective water intake equipment of a first embodiment using an underwater float made of a metal box filled with a buoyancy material.

A dam dam 1 is provided with an intake tower 2 which is pentagonal in plan view and bulges toward the dam lake (upstream ... outward), and an intake port 2a is formed in the lower part of the intake tower 2. At the same time, dust such as driftwood is collected in front of the water intake tower 2.
A bar screen 3 is attached to prevent entry into a.

The dam 1 is provided with a pair of H-shaped steel guide rails 4 extending vertically at both sides of the water intake tower 2 (see FIG. 6 (a)).

In front of the water intake tower 2, a float 5 and an underwater float 6 (AE) having a pentagonal shape in plan view are arranged so as to surround the outer surface of the water intake tower 2 with a predetermined gap. As shown in FIG. 6B, each of the floats 5 and 6 (AE) has an outer shell 7 made of a metal (for example, stainless steel) box, and a buoyant material (for example, urethane foam) is provided inside the outer shell 7. ) 8 is filled. The relationship of buoyancy between the float 5 and the underwater float 6 (AE) will be described later.

Outer shell 7 of each float 5, 6 (A to E)
As shown in FIG. 6 (a), both end portions 7 a of the roller are opposed to the respective guide rails 4, and a roller substrate 10 is attached to each of the both end portions 7 a via a rubber cushion material 9. , The roller substrate 10 has each float 5,
6 (A to E) a main roller 11 for receiving a front load F due to a wave acting on the guide rail 4 (A, B) and a side roller for receiving a side load S on a side surface of the guide rail 4. And 12 are provided. In addition, 11a is a sub roller for receiving a rear load.

The rollers 11 and 12 have a function of receiving the weights F and S described above, a function of positioning both end portions 7a of the outer shell 7 with respect to the guide rails 4, and both end portions 7a of the outer shell 7. It has a function of guiding the user to smoothly move up and down along the guide rail 4.

The cushion material 9 is made up of the floats 5, 6
The front load F acting on (A to E) is absorbed to prevent the main roller 11, the guide rail 4, and the dam 1 from being damaged, and may be provided as necessary.

As shown in FIG. 5, the uppermost float 5 is provided with a bulge 5a having a circular shape in a plan view at the center and both sides thereof, and an electric winch (elevator) is provided above each bulge 5a. 15 are installed respectively. Although not specifically shown, electric power is supplied to the winch 15 from above the dam 1 by a cap tire cable, and the length of the cap tire cable is adjusted by a cap tire reel.

In the underwater floats 6 (A to E), the underwater float 6A is at the uppermost side, the underwater float 6E is at the lowermost side, and the underwater floats 6B, 6C, 6D are arranged between them, respectively. On the outer peripheral surface of the float 6 (A to E), as shown in FIG. 4, water-impervious curtains 16 (A to E) made of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin having flexibility or cloth are respectively hung,
A guide fitting 17 having a through hole is attached to an appropriate position on the inner peripheral surface of the underwater float 6 (A to E).

Then, one end of the guide rope 19 wound around the sheave (guide roller) 18 attached to the lower part of the uppermost float 5 is penetrated into the through hole of the guide metal fitting 17 of each underwater float 6 (AE). Then, while being locked to the anchor block 20 on the bottom of the lake, a weight 21 is attached to the other end of the guide rope 19, and the weight 21 pulls the guide rope 19 to be substantially vertical in the water. It is possible to prevent the positional deviation of the floats 5 and 6 (A to E) due to the weight F and the side weight S. At the bottom of the float 5, the sheave 18
It is also possible to suspend the water-impervious curtain 16F having a length that covers the above.

The wire rope 22 hung from the winch 15 is connected to the upper part of the uppermost underwater float 6A, while the lower part of the underwater float 6A and the upper part of the underwater float 6B, the lower part of the underwater float 6B and the underwater float. 6C upper part, underwater float 6C lower part and underwater float 6D upper part, underwater float 6D lower part and underwater float 6
The upper part of E, the lower part of the underwater float 6E, and the anchor block 20 on the lake bottom are respectively connected by a chain 23 (A
~ E) connect.

Then, when the wire rope 22 is wound up by the winch 15 (see FIG. 4A), the chains 23 (A to D) are extended and the underwater floats 6 (A).
~ D) is pulled up and held at a predetermined water depth position, and when the wire rope 22 is loosened and lowered by the winch 15 (see Fig. 4 (b)), the chain 23 (A ~
D) is slackened so that each underwater float 6 (A to D) is overlapped and held on the lowermost underwater float 6E.

Each of the above water-impervious curtains 16 (AE) is suspended from each underwater float 6 (AE) when each underwater float 6 (AE) is held at a predetermined water depth position. In this state, the lower end of the impermeable curtain 16 on the upper side overlaps with the upper end of the impermeable curtain 16 on the lower side from the outside, and the suspending length is set so as to shield the gap. At the same time, when the underwater floats 6 (A to E) are overlapped and held on the lowermost underwater float 6E, they are overlapped in the thickness direction. In addition, the water shield curtain 16E of the lowermost underwater float 6E
The bottom edge of the water is bent along the bottom of the lake, and the impermeable curtain 16
The lower side of E (the lower side of the intake port 2a) is blocked.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the waterproof rubbers 24 are sewn on both ends of the respective water shield curtains 16 (A to E), and the respective waterproof rubbers are applied to the dam 1. It is bent along with to shield the surroundings of the impermeable curtains 16 (A to E) (around the intake port 2a).

A weight 25 made of a short link chain is attached to the lower end of each water shield curtain 16 (A to E) to prevent the water shield curtain 16 (A to E) from rolling up due to waves. ing.

A recess 6a as shown in FIG. 6 (b) is formed in the upper portion of each of the underwater floats 6 (A-E), and the lower portion of the chain 23 (A-D) is formed in the bottom of the recess 6a. And a shock absorber (or dashpot) 26 is attached to the lower part of each of the underwater floats 6 (A to E).
The upper portion of the chain 23 (A to F) is connected to. The shock absorber 26 is for absorbing a shock to a wave and preventing the water impermeable curtain 16 (A to E) from swinging, and may be attached as necessary.

The recess 6a is formed in each of the underwater floats 6
When (A to E) are overlapped and held on the lowermost underwater float 6E, each chain 23 (A to D) and the shock absorber 26 are housed, and each underwater float 6 (A to E). This is to ensure that they overlap without gaps. The chain 23 (A to D) is placed in the recess 6a.
Since the slackened chain 23 (A to D) is stored, the water shield curtain 16 (A to E) is not likely to be damaged.

Here, the float 5 and the underwater float 6
The relationship of buoyancy with (AE) is that each underwater float 6 (A-E)
The specific gravity of D) including the impermeable curtain 16 (A to D) is
When set near 1, the underwater floats 6 (A to D) do not have a buoyancy force that allows them to float (raise) by themselves, and the chain 23
The buoyancy is set so that the weight (A to E) or the like gently sinks (falls).

Further, the specific gravity of the lowermost underwater float 6E including the water shield curtain 16E and the like is set to be smaller than 1, and the underwater float 6E floats (rises) by itself, and each underwater float 6 (A to The buoyancy is set so that (E) does not sink (fall) even if it overlaps with the upper side (see FIG. 4B).

Further, the float 5 is set to have a buoyancy so that it floats on the water surface L and does not sink (fall) even when the underwater floats 6 (AE) are pulled up (FIG. 4).
(See (a)).

A water intake operation method of the float type selective water intake equipment of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.

During normal operation or during non-operation during heavy rain / flood, by loosening the wire rope 22 with the winch 15 (see FIG. 4 (b)), the chains 23 (A to D) are slackened and each underwater float 6 is slackened. (A to D) are in a state of being overlapped and held on the lowermost underwater float 6E (see FIG. 2). Therefore, each impermeable curtain 16 (A to D)
Is lowered and the uppermost underwater float 6A is located in the deep water layer, so that it is possible to take water from all layers above the water blocking curtain 16 (A to D).

On the other hand, at the time of water intake for irrigation or operation immediately after heavy rain / flood, the wire rope 22 is wound up by the winch 15 (see FIG. 4 (a)). First, the uppermost underwater float 6A. Is pulled up by the wire rope 22, the next underwater float 6B is pulled up through the chain 23A, and similarly, the underwater float 6 is pulled through the chain 23 (B, C).
(C, D) are sequentially pulled up and held at a predetermined water depth position.

At this time, the gaps between the impermeable curtains 16 are impervious to water, the lower side of the lowermost impermeable curtain 16E is impervious to the lake bottom, and both sides of each impermeable curtain 16 (A to E) are stopped. Since it is blocked by the rubber 24 for water, each waterproof curtain 16
In (A to E), the lower side and both sides of the water intake 2a will be blocked, and the gap 27 between the upper side of the uppermost waterproof curtain 16A and the lower side of the float 5 is located in the water surface layer. Because
Only the surface water layer is exposed from the gap 27 to each water-permeable curtain 16 (A-
E), and the water can be taken in through the water intake port 2a (see FIG. 1 ... The water blocking curtains 16 (A to D) are shown in a perspective manner).

In this way, the float 5 moves up and down in accordance with the water level, and the gap 27 between the upper side of the uppermost impermeable curtain 16A and the lower side of the float 5 is always located in the surface water layer. At the time of water intake, not only the surface water layer with a high water temperature can be accurately taken out and discharged, but also only the surface water layer that has been clarified after heavy rain or flooding can be accurately taken out and released. In addition, the uppermost impermeable curtain 16A
When the upper side of the is located in the thermocline, the water flows from the surface layer and the thermocline into the impermeable curtains 16 (A to E), and the surface layer and the thermocline simultaneously from the intake 2a. You will be able to take water.

Basically, the float 5 to which the winch 15 is attached and the underwater float 6 (AE) having the impermeable curtain 16 (AE) may be provided, so that the structure is simple. The cost is low and the intake 2a of the existing dam 1
Since it can be installed afterwards, installation costs can be reduced.

In particular, the water level of the dam lake constantly fluctuates, but the float 5 automatically follows the change, and from the surface layer portion (including the thermocline or directly below it in the third embodiment described later). It can effectively take in water and discharge it.

Furthermore, when newly installing the selective intake facility of the present embodiment in an existing dam, there is no need to temporarily stop the discharge or dry the dam lake, while continuing the normal discharge. Since construction is possible, it becomes possible to simplify the construction by minimizing the amount of interaction with the civil engineering structure.

Further, the underwater floats 6 provided in the upper and lower stages
By overlapping each of the impermeable curtains 16 (A to E) of (A to E) in the vertical direction, it is possible to easily apply it even by changing the number of steps even in a dam lake with a different water depth, so the installation cost can be reduced. .

Further, since the underwater floats 6 (AE) are made of a metal box having the buoyancy material 8 filled therein, a compressor such as a rubber tube is not required,
Since it is possible to provide the chain 23 (AE) that connects the multi-stage underwater floats 6 (AE) to each other and the recess 6a that is the storage chamber of the shock absorber 26, the water shield curtain 16 (AE) is damaged. Since there is no danger of attaching it and the float function can be maintained even if it is damaged by driftwood, etc., it is advantageous in terms of strength and safety and maintenance is easy.

Furthermore, the impermeable curtain 16 (A to E)
Is made of synthetic rubber or synthetic resin having flexibility, or is made of cloth, so that it is lightweight and easy to install, and the underwater floats 6 (A to E) can be easily raised and lowered, and the cost can be reduced. . The impermeable curtain 16 (A to E) may be made of metal.

FIGS. 7 to 11 show a float type selective water intake equipment of a second embodiment using an underwater float made of a rubber tube into which air is injected. The parts having the same configurations and operations as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In front of the water intake tower 2 of the dam dam 1, the underwater float 5 and the underwater float 30 (AE) which are semi-annular in plan view and surround the outer surface of the water intake tower 2 with a predetermined gap.
And are arranged. Similar to the first embodiment, the float 5 has an outer shell 7 made of a metal (for example, stainless steel) box filled with a buoyant material (for example, urethane foam) 8.

Further, the underwater floats 30 (A to E) are made of a rubber tube in which air is injected, as shown in FIG. 11 (b). Float 5 and underwater float 3
The relationship of buoyancy with 0 (AE) will be described later.

Similar to the first embodiment, the float 5 is opposed to the guide rails 4 (A, B), and both ends 7a of the outer shell 7 have a rubber cushion material 9 at both ends.
A roller substrate 10 is attached through the roller substrate 10, and the roller substrate 10 is provided with a main roller 11, a sub roller 11a, and a side roller 12.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11A, the underwater floats 30 (A to E) are each underwater float 30 (A to E).
Both end portions 30a of E) are the guide rails 4 (A, B).
The roller substrate 10 is attached to each of the opposite ends 30a of the roller substrate 10, and the roller substrate 10 is provided with a main roller 11 and a side roller 12.

The underwater float 30 (A to E) is 30
The underwater float of A is the uppermost side, the underwater float of 30E is the lowermost side, and the underwater floats 30B, 30C, 3 in between.
0D is arranged, and each underwater float 30
As shown in FIG. 9, water shield curtains 16 (A, B) are respectively hung on the lower surfaces of (AE), and guides are provided at appropriate positions on the inner peripheral surface of the underwater floats 6 (AE). The metal fitting 17 is attached.

Then, one end of a guide rope 19 wound around a sheave (guide roller) 18 attached to the lower part of the uppermost float 5 is passed through the through hole of the guide fitting 17 of each underwater float 30 (AE). The anchor rope 20 on the bottom of the lake
Attach the weight 21 to the other end of the
By pulling the guide rope 19 in the water so that it becomes almost vertical, when the front load F and the side load S shift the positions of the floats 5 and 30 (A to E) or when the air is removed as described later. To prevent extreme deformation. At the bottom of the float 5, the sheave 18
It is also possible to suspend the water-impervious curtain 16F having a length that covers the above.

The wire rope 22 hung from the winch 15 is connected to the upper part of the uppermost underwater float 30A, while the lower part of the underwater float 30A and the upper part of the underwater float 30B, the lower part of the underwater float 30B and the underwater float 30A. The upper part of 30C, the lower part of the underwater float 30C and the upper part of the underwater float 30D, the lower part of the underwater float 30D and the upper part of the underwater float 30E, the lower part of the underwater float 30E and the anchor block 20 of the lake bottom, respectively, the chain 23 of a predetermined length ( A to E) are connected.

Then, when the wire rope 22 is wound up by the winch 15 (see FIG. 9A), the chains 23 (A to D) are extended and the respective underwater floats 30 are stretched.
(A to D) are pulled up and held at predetermined water depth positions, and when the wire rope 22 is loosened and lowered by the winch 15 (see FIG. 9B), the chain 23 (A
~ D) is loosened so that each of the underwater floats 30 (A to D) is overlapped and held on the lowermost underwater float 30E.

In each of the underwater floats 30 (A to E),
As shown in FIG. 7, air is independently controlled from the air tank 31 installed on the dam 1 via the air pipes 32 (AE).

Here, the float 5 and the underwater float 3
The relationship of buoyancy with 0 (AE) is that each underwater float 30
The specific gravity including the water-impervious curtains 16 (A to D) of (A to D) is set to around 1 when the air is supplied to the maximum, and each of the underwater floats 30 (A to D) floats itself ( There is no buoyancy only for ascending, and the buoyancy is set so that the weight of the chain 23 (A to E) or the like gently sinks (descends). In addition, the underwater float 30B between the uppermost underwater float 30A and the lowermost underwater float 30E.
30D can be made to be less susceptible to the influence of water flow by discharging all the air and making it flat (see FIG. 9B).

The specific gravity of the lowermost underwater float 30E including the water shield curtain 16E and the like is set to be smaller than 1, and the underwater float 30E floats (rises) by itself and each underwater float 6 (A to The buoyancy is set so that (E) does not sink (descend) even when it is overlaid (see FIG. 9B).

A water intake operation method of the float type selective water intake equipment of the second embodiment configured as described above will be described.

During normal operation or during non-operation during heavy rain / flood, the winch 15 is used to loosen the wire rope 22 and
Underwater floats 30A to 30D, especially underwater floats 30B
By discharging the air of ~ 30D (see Fig. 9 (b)), the chains 23 (A to D) are loosened and the underwater floats 30 (A to D) are overlapped on the lowermost underwater float 30E. And is held (see FIG. 8).
Therefore, since each of the impermeable curtains 16 (A to D) is lowered to the maximum and the uppermost underwater float 30A is located in the deep water layer, water can be taken from all layers above the impermeable curtain 16 (A to D). become.

On the other hand, at the time of water intake for irrigation or operation immediately after heavy rain / flood, the wire rope 22 is wound by the winch 15 and the underwater float 30A is used.
˜30D, especially by supplying air to the underwater floats 30B to 30D (see FIG. 9 (b)), the uppermost underwater float 30A is first pulled up by the wire rope 22 and then the next through the chain 23A. The underwater float 30B is pulled up, and similarly, the chain 23
The underwater floats 30 (C, D) are sequentially pulled up via (B, C) and are held at a predetermined water depth position (see FIG. 7 ... The seepage curtains 30 (A to D) are transparent). Diagrammatically). The uppermost underwater float 30
Positioning A is performed by adjusting the winding amount of the wire rope 22 and the supply amount of air while being read by the position detection sensor.

At this time, the gap between the respective water-impervious curtains 16 is impervious to water, the lower side of the lowermost water-impervious curtain 16E is impervious to the lake bottom, and both sides of each impermeable curtain 16 (A to E) are stopped. Since it is blocked by the rubber 24 for water, each waterproof curtain 16
In (A to E), the lower side and both sides of the water intake 2a will be blocked, and the gap 27 between the upper side of the uppermost waterproof curtain 16A and the lower side of the float 5 is located in the water surface layer. Because
Only the water in the surface water layer passes through the gaps 27 to the respective impermeable curtains 16 (A
To E), water can be taken in from the water intake port 2a.

The submersible floats 30 (A to E) are made of a rubber tube having air injected therein, and therefore easily follow fluctuations of the floating body caused by waves, and a cushion for absorbing an impact load at the joint with the dam 1. Since it does not require a structure and is lightweight, installation work is easy.

12 and 13 show the float type selective water intake equipment of the third embodiment. The parts having the same configurations and operations as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Six submersible floats 35 (A to F) are arranged in the present embodiment, but five submersible floats 35 (A to F) are arranged as in the other embodiments.
It may be an individual piece, or may be made of a metal box as in the first embodiment or a rubber tube as in the second embodiment.

The underwater float 35 (A to F) is
The underwater float of A is the uppermost side, the underwater float of 35F is the lowermost side, and the underwater floats 35B, 35C, 3 are in between.
5D and 35E are arranged respectively, and 35A to 35A
C constitutes an underwater float on the upper side, and 35D to 35F constitute an underwater float on the lower side.

The lower part of the underwater float 35A and the upper part of the underwater float 35B, the lower part of the underwater float 35B and the upper part of the underwater float 35C, the lower part of the underwater float 35C and the upper part of the underwater float 35D, the lower part of the underwater float 35D and the underwater float. 35E top, underwater float 35E
Lower part of water and upper part of underwater float 35F, underwater float 35
The lower portion of F and the anchor block 20 are connected by chains 23 (A to F) each having a predetermined length. Only the chains 23A and 23C are set to be several times longer (see FIG. 1).
3 (c) (d)).

Further, the water shield curtains 36A, which are slackened outward between the underwater float 35A and the underwater float 35B and between the underwater float 35B and the underwater float 35C,
36B and connect underwater float 35
Between D and underwater float 35E, and underwater float 35E
The lower part of the water tank and the underwater float 35F are connected by water shield curtains 36C and 36D which are loosened to the outside. In addition,
The lower end of the impermeable curtain 36E of the lowermost underwater float 35F is bent along the lake bottom.

As a result, the underwater float 35A on the upper stage side
.. 35C and the lower-side underwater floats 35D to 35F, there is no water-blocking curtain between the underwater floats 35C and 35D.

The water shield curtains 36 (A to E) are bent outward (upstream side), and weights 25 made of short link chains are attached to the lower ends of the water shield curtains 36 (A). ~ E) does not get inside due to waves.

The winch 15 is provided with a speed reducer 15b driven by a motor 15a so that electromagnetic clutches 15c, 15
Drums 15e and 15f that can be rotated alternately by switching d
And the wire rope 22A hung from the upper-stage drum 15e is the sheave 18 of the underwater float 35A.
A and the sheave 18B of the float 5 are hung and connected to the upper part of the underwater float 35C, while the lower drum 15 is connected.
The wire rope 22B hung from f is the sheave 18C of the underwater float 35D and the sheave 18D of the float 5.
It hangs around and is connected to the upper part of the underwater float 35F.

Each drum 15e of the winch 15 is
When each of the wire ropes 22A and 22B is wound up by 15f (see FIG. 13A), the chain 23 (A to
E) is extended and each underwater float 35 (A to F) is pulled up and held at a predetermined water depth position, and
When the wire ropes 22A and 22B are loosened and lowered by the drums 15e and 15f of the winch 15 (see FIG. 13).
(See (b)), the chains 23 (A to E) are loosened, and the underwater floats 35 (A to E) are overlapped and held on the lowermost underwater float 36F.

Further, the wire rope 22B is wound up by the lower drum 15f and the upper drum 15e.
When the wire rope 22A is further wound up from the state of FIG. 13 (c) to the state of FIG. 13 (d), the upper stage underwater floats 35A to 35C and the lower stage underwater float 3
The gap 27 between each of the underwater floats 35C and 35D on the border with 5D to 35F comes to be located in the thermocline.

A water intake operation method of the float type selective water intake equipment of the third embodiment configured as described above will be described.

When not operating normally or during heavy rain / flood, the wire rope 2 is moved by the drums 15e and 15f of the winch 15.
By loosening and lowering 2A and 22B (see FIG. 13 (b)), the chains 23 (A to E) are loosened and the underwater floats 35 (A to E) overlap each other on the lowermost underwater float 35F. It will be held. Therefore,
Since each of the impermeable curtains 36 (A-E) is lowered to the lowest level and the uppermost underwater float 35A is located in the deep water layer, water can be taken from all layers above the impermeable curtain 36 (A-E). .

On the other hand, at the time of water intake for irrigation or operation immediately after heavy rain / flood, the drum 15 of the winch 15 is used.
By winding the wire ropes 22A and 22B with e and 15f (see FIG. 13C), the chain 23
(A to E) are pulled up and the underwater floats 35 (A to
F) is maintained at a predetermined water depth position, and the gap 27 between the upper side of the uppermost impermeable curtain 36A and the lower side of the float 5 is located in the surface water layer, so only the surface water layer shields each of the gaps 27 from each other. The water flows into the water curtain 36 (A to F) and water can be taken from the water intake port 2a.

Further, at the time of water intake for water quality conservation, the upper side drum 15e further winds the wire rope 22A from the state shown in FIG. 13C to the state shown in FIG. Each underwater float 3 at the boundary between 35C and the lower side underwater floats 35D to 35F
Since the gap 27 between 5C and 35D is located in the thermocline, only the thermocline or just below it as intermediate water intake flows into the respective impervious curtains 36 (A to F) through the gap 27 to take water. Water can be taken from the mouth 2a.

In the first and second embodiments, the lower end of the upper water-impervious curtain 16 is overlapped with the upper end of the lower water-impervious curtain 16, but as in the third embodiment.
It may be a structure in which the impermeable curtain 36 is connected between the upper and lower underwater floats 35. In this case, the impermeable curtain 36
If it is provided on the outside (upstream side) (see FIG. 14 (c)), the weights 25 need to be attached respectively, but if provided on the inside (see FIG. 14 (b)), the weights 25 need to be attached respectively. Absent. Further, as shown in FIG. 14A, the water shield curtain 36 connecting the upper and lower underwater floats 6, 30 and 35 may be formed in a bellows shape.

If the impermeable curtains 36 are connected as described above, the construction cost can be reduced because it can be easily applied to the dam lakes having different water depths only by changing the number of steps, as in the overlapping method.

In each of the above embodiments, the water intake 2a
A water thermometer that measures the water temperature in the depth direction is installed on the nearby dam 1, and the underwater floats 6, 30, and 35 are controlled up and down so that water can be taken from the same water temperature level as the upstream inflow water temperature. The layer of water can be taken and discharged.

Further, a turbidity meter for measuring the turbidity in the water depth direction is provided on the dam 1 near the water intake 2a, and the underwater floats 6, 30, 35 are controlled up and down according to the turbidity to remove the turbidity. It is also possible to take the water in the layer that does not exist and discharge it.

[0086]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, when an underwater float is moved up and down by a float elevator which moves up and down according to the water level, the water shield curtain provided in the underwater float surrounds the intake port. Since the water is blocked on the lower side and the lower side, the water flows into the waterproof curtain only through the gap between the upper side of the waterproof curtain and the float, and is taken from the intake port. It is possible to accurately ingest and release only high surface water layers, and also to accurately inject and release only clear surface water layers after heavy rains and floods have ended. In addition, basically, it is sufficient to provide a float with an elevator and an underwater float with a water-blocking curtain, so the structure is simple and the cost is low, and it can be retrofitted to the intake of an existing dam. Since it can be installed, installation costs can be reduced.

In particular, the water level of the dam lake constantly fluctuates, but the float can automatically follow the change and effectively take in water from the surface layer and discharge it.

Further, when a selective water intake facility is newly installed in an existing dam, there is no need to temporarily stop the discharge or dry the dam lake, and construction can be performed while continuing the normal discharge. Therefore, the construction work can be simplified by minimizing the interaction with the civil engineering structure.

If the underwater floats are provided in a multi-tiered manner so as to maintain a predetermined distance, and the lower end of the upper water-impervious curtain overlaps the upper end of the lower water-impervious curtain (claim 2), Installation costs can be reduced because it can be easily applied to dam lakes with different water depths by simply changing the number of steps.

If the underwater floats are provided in a multi-tiered manner so as to maintain a predetermined interval, and the impermeable curtains are connected between the upper and lower submerged floats (claim 3), the number of stages is different even in a dam lake with different water depths. It can be applied simply by changing the, so the installation work cost can be reduced.

Among the underwater floats provided in the upper and lower stages, the underwater float on the upper stage side and the underwater float on the lower stage side can be independently moved up and down by an elevator, and each of the boundaries between the underwater float on the upper stage side and the underwater float on the lower stage side If the underwater float is not provided with a water blocking curtain (claim 4), the gap between the underwater floats at the boundary between the upper subwater float and the lower subwater float is a thermocline or immediately below it. As the submersible float at each stage is moved up and down with the elevator, only the thermocline or just under it can be taken in from the intake, so when taking water for water quality conservation, only the thermocline or its lower part can be taken. It becomes possible to take water accurately and discharge it.

If a water thermometer for measuring the water temperature in the water depth direction is provided on the dam near the water intake and the underwater float is controlled to move up and down so that water can be taken from the same water temperature level as the upstream inflow water temperature (claim 5), Water in a layer having the same temperature as the upstream inflow water temperature can be taken and discharged.

If a turbidimeter for measuring the turbidity in the water depth direction is provided on the weir near the intake and the underwater float is controlled to rise and fall in accordance with this turbidity (claim 6), a turbid-free layer The water can be taken and discharged.

If the underwater float is made of a metal box filled with a buoyancy material (Claim 7), a compressor such as a rubber tube is not required, and a chain or the like for connecting multistage underwater floats to each other is not required. Since the storage room can be provided, there is no risk of damaging the water-blocking curtain, and the float function can be maintained even if it is damaged by driftwood, etc. Therefore, strength safety and maintenance are easy.

When the underwater float is made of a rubber tube having air injected therein (claim 8), it is easy to follow fluctuations of the floating body caused by waves, and a cushion structure for absorbing an impact load is not required at the joint with the dam. Since it is lightweight, installation work is easy.

If the impermeable curtain is made of flexible synthetic rubber or synthetic resin or cloth (claim 9), it is light in weight, so that the installation work is easy and the underwater float can be easily moved up and down. , The cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a float type selective water intake facility according to a first embodiment in operation.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the float type selective water intake facility when it is not in operation.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view for explaining the structure of a float type selective intake facility.

FIG. 4 is a float-type selective water intake facility, in which (a) is a side sectional view during operation and (b) is a side sectional view during non-operation.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the float.

FIG. 6 (a) is a plan sectional view of an end portion of each float,
(B) is a side sectional view of a main part of each float.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the float type selective water intake facility of the second embodiment during operation.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the float type selective water intake facility when it is not in operation.

FIG. 9 is a float type selective water intake facility, in which (a) is a side sectional view during operation and (b) is a side sectional view during non-operation.

FIG. 10 is a plan view of the float.

FIG. 11 (a) is a plan cross-sectional view of an end portion of each float,
(B) is a side sectional view of a main part of the underwater float.

FIG. 12 is a float-type selective water intake facility according to the third embodiment, (a) is a front view of a main part, and (b) is a plan view of a winch.

FIG. 13 is a float type selective water intake facility, where (a) is a side sectional view, (b) is a side sectional view when not in operation, (c) is a side sectional view when operating, and (d) is during intermediate water intake. FIG.

14 (a) to 14 (c) are side views showing examples of water-impervious curtains.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a summer water temperature stratification of a dam lake.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 dam 2a water intake 4 guide rails 5 floats 6 (A, B) Underwater float 7 outer shell 8 buoyancy material 15 winch (elevator) 16 (A to E) Impermeable curtain 22 wire rope 23 (A to E) chains 27 Gap 30 (AE) underwater float 31 air tank 35 (A to F) Underwater float 36 (A to F) Impermeable curtain

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masami Sakamoto 1282-1 Higashiogawa, Ogawa-machi, Shimomashiro-gun, Kumamoto Prefecture (72) Inventor Yoichi Makinouchi 5-9-127 Hodakubo, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto (72) Inventor Matsumuro Yasushi 3-6-3 Higashiaikawa, Kurume-shi, Fukuoka (72) Inventor Akihiko Tanabe 1-10-13, Chuo-cho, Nakatsu-shi, Oita Inventor Hiroyuki Kimura 4-6-51, Higashi-machi, Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto (72) Invention Person Shigeru Suzuki 2-2-4 Kasumi Narashino City, Chiba Prefecture (72) Inventor Kazuyuki Kusunoki 2-12-11 Koshigoe, Kamakura City Kanagawa Prefecture (72) Tadao Ito 5-18 Nitto Town Kawachinagano City, Osaka Prefecture (56) ) Reference Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-131457 (JP, A) Jitsukai Hira 2-23018 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-5775 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB) Name) E02B 7/20

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A float that moves up and down according to the water level is provided at an intake formed in the dam, and an underwater float that can be raised and lowered by an elevator attached to the float is provided. A float-type selective intake facility, which is equipped with a water-blocking curtain that can block water around and around the mouth. 2. The underwater float is provided in a multi-tiered manner so as to maintain a predetermined interval, and the lower end of the upper water-blocking curtain overlaps the upper end of the lower water-blocking curtain. Float type selective intake facility described. 3. The float type selective water intake equipment according to claim 1, wherein the underwater floats are provided in a multi-tiered manner so as to maintain a predetermined interval, and a water blocking curtain is connected between the upper and lower underwater floats. . 4. An underwater float on the upper stage side and an underwater float on the lower stage side can be independently lifted and lowered by an elevator among the underwater floats provided in the upper and lower stages, and the underwater float on the upper stage side and the underwater float on the lower stage side The float-type selective intake facility according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein a water shield curtain is not provided between each of the underwater floats on the boundary of. 5. The water thermometer for measuring the water temperature in the water depth direction is provided on the weir near the intake, and the underwater float is controlled so that water can be taken from the same water temperature level as the upstream inflow water temperature. The float type selective intake facility according to any one of 4 above. 6. The turbidity meter for measuring the turbidity in the water depth direction is provided on the dam near the intake, and the underwater float is controlled to rise and fall according to the turbidity. Float type selective water intake facility described in. 7. The float-type selective water intake facility according to claim 1, wherein the underwater float is made of a metal box having a buoyancy material filled therein. 8. The float type selective water intake equipment according to claim 1, wherein the underwater float is made of a rubber tube having air injected therein. 9. The float type selective water intake equipment according to claim 1, wherein the water shield curtain is made of flexible synthetic rubber or synthetic resin, or cloth.