JP3517494B2 - Polyester multifilament yarn, method for producing the same, and mixed fiber yarn - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polyester multi-filament yarn having substantially no difference in shade dyeing property in spite of having thick and thin spots in the length direction, a method for producing the same, and the polyester multi-filament yarn. The present invention relates to a polyester-based mixed yarn as one component.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Polyester multifilament yarns having alternating thick and small portions in the longitudinal direction are well known as thick and thin yarns or partially undrawn yarns. Generally, this multifilament yarn is produced by incompletely drawing a polyester undrawn yarn at a low draw ratio to form a thick portion of the undrawn portion and a detail of the drawn portion. Therefore, the degree of orientation or the degree of crystallinity is significantly different between the thick part and the detail, and when this yarn is dyed, a difference in dark and light dyeing appears. Also, because of this manufacturing method,
There is a so-called neck where the filament diameter changes rapidly at the boundary between the thick part and the detail. Since the boundary area between the thick part and the detailed part is extremely clear, the distinction between the dark part and the light part by dyeing is also clear.

Further, a spontaneously stretched yarn having a hot water shrinkage ratio or a dry heat shrinkage ratio of 0% or less is well known. Among them, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-25932 discloses in the fiber axial direction. Spontaneous stretch yarns having thorns are disclosed. Since this spontaneously stretched yarn has the same thick and thin spots as the conventional thick and thin yarn, it has a difference in dyeing property between the thick part and the detail, and when dyed, it has a natural appearance of a heathered or marbling tone. Is characterized by.

However, in order to obtain a more natural appearance, it is preferable to use those which have thick and thin spots and have substantially no difference in dyeing property as seen in many natural fibers. Fibers have not been obtained so far, and the sick and thin yarns and spontaneously stretched yarns having thick and thin spots do not show a natural appearance.

Therefore, the above-mentioned thick and thin yarn and the mixed filament yarn of the spontaneously stretched yarn having the thick and thin spots and the other yarn can improve the bulkiness and the like, but still give a natural appearance. I couldn't do that.

Various proposals have also been made for mixed fiber yarns composed of two or more kinds of yarns having different dyeing properties. Among these, there are substantially shade dyes having thick and thin spots in the length direction. There is no mixed yarn composed of yarns with no difference in stickiness. Therefore, even though the yarn may have a heathered appearance due to the difference in dyeing between yarns, it is still insufficient in terms of natural appearance. It was

On the other hand, as for the method of relaxing and heat treating the polyester multifilament yarn, for example, the polyester multifilament yarn obtained by high-speed spinning is
%-Relaxation heat treatment in a relaxation state of 3% or more
No. 12 publication.

However, even if a polyester multifilament yarn that is simply spun at high speed is subjected to a relaxation heat treatment, a relaxation heat treatment yarn that has thick and fine unevenness in the length direction and does not have a neck portion in the boundary region between the thick portion and the detail is obtained. It is not obtained, and there is no such description in the above publication. Further, the relaxed heat treated yarn obtained has a minute crimp intermittently in the length direction, and the yarn form and its effect are completely different from those of the object of the present invention, and a spontaneously elongated yarn is obtained. There is no suggestion.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 37-7919 discloses that a polyester multifilament yarn having a birefringence of 44 × 10 ⁻³ and a substantially amorphous shape (crystallinity 0%) is shrunk by 50% in a water bath. An example in which a spontaneously stretched yarn is obtained is shown. However, this method does not form thick and thin spots in the length direction of the yarn. Further, in this method, it takes 5 minutes in a water bath to shrink the multifilament yarn by 50%, which is problematic in terms of productivity, additional equipment such as a water bath, and cost. For this reason, the present inventors have conducted various studies on a method of performing a relaxation heat treatment (shrinkage treatment) using a non-contact type heater instead of shrinking the polyester multifilament yarn equivalent to that in the above-described embodiment in a water bath. It was not possible to obtain spontaneously stretched yarn.

Further, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-46167,
JP-A-49-133620, JP-A-5-214628, JP-A-6-200439, JP-A-6-346321 and the like describe a method for producing a spontaneously stretchable yarn that does not use a water bath during relaxation heat treatment. It is disclosed. However, in these methods, a polyester multifilament yarn is drawn and then subjected to a relaxation heat treatment, and a spontaneously elongated yarn cannot be obtained only by the relaxation heat treatment. Furthermore, except for the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-25932, the multi-filament yarn has no thick spots.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above situation, the present invention has a conventional method of forming thick and thin spots in the length direction of a yarn, and the degree of orientation or crystallinity of a thick portion and a detail. Unlike sick and thin yarns or spontaneously stretched yarns, which have different dyeing properties due to the difference in dyeing, there is virtually no difference in shade dyeing properties even though they have thick and thin patches in the length direction, and a natural appearance is obtained by weaving and knitting. It is an object of the present invention to provide a polyester multi-filament yarn which is a woven or knitted fabric excellent in bulkiness and feeling, a method for producing the same, and a mixed fiber yarn.

[0012]

The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of earnest research to solve the above-mentioned problems.

That is, the present invention has the following configuration.

(1) A yarn made of filament having alternating thick and fine parts in the length direction and having no neck portion in the boundary region between the thick and fine parts, and having a substantially dark and light shade. polyester multifilament yarns, characterized in that dyeing sex differences rather name and a spontaneous extensible.

(2) A polyester obtained by fluid entanglement treatment of the polyester multifilament yarn according to (1) above and a yarn having a higher shrinkage than the polyester multifilament yarn and a breaking elongation of 50% or less. System mixed yarn.

(3) When the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn having a crystallinity of 5 to 25%, which is spun at a spinning speed V satisfying the following formula, is subjected to a relaxation heat treatment, the crystallinity of the relaxed heat treated yarn obtained is 10 A method for producing a polyester multi-filament yarn, which comprises subjecting a relaxation heat treatment to a content of ~ 45%.

5 × D × d + 2600 ≦ V ≦ 5 × D × d + 3300 where D: total fineness of polyester multifilament yarn (denier) d: single yarn fineness of polyester multifilament yarn (denier) V: polyester multifilament yarn Spinning speed (m
/ Min)

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in detail below.

First, the polyester multifilament yarn of the first invention will be described. The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention is composed of filaments having thick portions and small portions alternately in the length direction and having no neck portion in the boundary region between the thick portions and the small portions. . In the present invention, the neck portion does not exist in the boundary region between the thick portion and the fine portion means that when the side surface is observed with a microscope at a magnification such that the diameter of the filament forming the multifilament yarn is 3 mm or more, The case where the part where is changed cannot be confirmed. Further, the cycle of the thick portion and the detail is not particularly limited, but it is preferably in the range of several tens of μm to several tens of cm in order to give a natural uneven feeling to the woven or knitted fabric. For the same reason, it is preferable that the diameter ratio between the thick portion and the small portion is about 1.2 to 2.5.

FIG. 1 is a partial side view showing an embodiment of the present invention, in which a thick portion 1a and a fine portion 1b are alternately present in the length direction of the filament and a boundary region between the thick portion and the fine portion. Has no neck where the filament diameter changes rapidly. Therefore, although it is possible to confirm the presence of the thick part and the details of the filament, it is difficult to clearly determine the boundary area between them, and in this respect, this is a completely new polyester multi-filament yarn.

FIG. 2 is a partial side view of a conventional thick and thin yarn, in which a neck portion 3 having a sharply changed filament diameter is present in the boundary region between the thick portion 2a and the fine portion 2b. The greatest feature of the present invention is that the boundary region between the thick portion 1a and the fine portion 1b is unclear, which makes it possible for the first time to obtain a woven or knitted fabric having no difference in light and shade dyeability.

In the filament which constitutes the thick thin yarn such as the conventional thick and thin yarn, the thick portion 2a of the unstretched portion and the detail 2b of the stretched portion are mixed as described above. The difference in the dyeing property occurs due to the difference in the degree of orientation or crystallinity, and when dyed, the effect of heathering or marbling appears. This is clear because the boundary area between the two becomes the neck portion 3 in which the filament diameter changes rapidly, and each thick portion and each detail have certain characteristics. It is effective in the case of the texture of Kasuri.

However, it is general that natural fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, etc., which have thick and thin spots, but do not seem to have a difference in density dyeing property, which is one of the major characteristics of natural fibers. In addition, Fig. 2 shows an example in which the phase of the thick part and the phase of the detailed part are aligned between filaments. Even if the phase becomes random, the difference in gray tint will be reduced, but if dyed, it will be a heavier tone. Is inevitable.

The present inventors have examined the reason why even though natural fibers have thick and thin spots, the difference in dyeing density is so uniform that they cannot be visually judged, and as a result, natural fibers have a fiber diameter in the longitudinal direction. It is continuously changing, and although there are thick parts and details, it is presumed that the boundary area between the two is unclear. Actually, there may be a difference in shade between the thick part and the detail, but the dyeing property changes continuously from the thick part to the detail or from the detail to the thick part.
In addition, it is presumed that such filaments are bundled to form one yarn, so that it is not possible to confirm the difference in shade.

The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention has a boundary area between the thick portion 1a and the fine portion 1b which is unclear, and is composed of a filament having a gradual change in diameter in the length direction. It has a morphology. Further, it is preferable that the phase of the thick part and the phase of the detail are random between filaments, because it is less likely to cause a difference in light and shade staining.

The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention is usually used as a mixed yarn with different shrinkage mixed with other yarns. The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention to which spontaneous elongation is imparted is thick and thin. It is particularly preferable because a woven or knitted fabric can be obtained which has an excellent swelling feeling in addition to the natural appearance due to the lack of unevenness and the difference in color density. Spontaneous extensibility means hot water shrinkage of 0% or less, or dry heat shrinkage of 0% or less when treated at a dry heat temperature in the range of 100 to 200 ° C.

As the polyester multifilament yarn used in the present invention, polyethylene terephthalate (PE
Most preferably, it is composed of T), but a multifilament yarn composed of homopolyester such as polybutylene terephthalate and a copolyester obtained by copolymerizing a third component with these is also preferably used.

Next, the polyester-based mixed fiber of the second invention will be described.

The polyester-based mixed yarn of the second invention is the polyester multifilament yarn (yarn A) of the first invention.
And a yarn having a higher shrinkage than the yarn A and a breaking elongation of 50% or less (the yarn B) are subjected to the fluid entanglement treatment.
The yarn B preferably has a hot water shrinkage of 5% or more and a breaking elongation of 40% or less than the yarn A.

By making the yarn B more shrinkable than the yarn A, the mixed fiber of the present invention is knitted and woven, and then the obtained fabric is heat treated in a dyeing finishing process or the like. Moves toward the inner layer side of the mixed yarn, and the yarn A covers the surface layer, so that the natural feeling of unevenness of the yarn A can be maximized. When the breaking elongation of the yarn B exceeds 50%, the yarn B is stretched when a high tension is applied to the mixed fiber in the weaving / weaving process or the dyeing finishing process, and at the same time, the thick part of the yarn A is also stretched. It may be stretched and the difference in thickness may be reduced, which is not preferable.

As the yarn B, a multifilament yarn made of synthetic fibers such as polyester or polyamide, a spun yarn of synthetic fibers, a spun yarn of natural fibers or the like can be used as long as it has the above characteristics. The yarn B can be obtained, for example, by a method for producing a synthetic fiber multifilament drawn yarn or a spun yarn by a conventional method.

The polyester-based mixed yarn of the present invention is a yarn A
And the yarn B are fluid-entangled and may or may not have loops on the surface of the mixed fiber.
When the mixed fiber is not subjected to the fluid entanglement treatment, the mixed fiber has poor morphological stability and process passability, and the heat shrinkage characteristic difference between the two yarns due to heat treatment in the subsequent process is effective. It is not preferable because it is difficult to develop.

In the case of a mixed yarn by interlace interlacing, the number of interlacing is preferably about 5 to 100 / m.
In this case, it is preferable that the yarn B has a dyeing property similar to that of the yarn A. However, for example, when a heathered appearance is required, a yarn having a dyeing property different from that of the yarn A is used. It is also possible to use.

Further, in the case of the mixed fiber by the air jet process, that is, the loop forming process, it is necessary to select the conditions such that the yarn A is mainly arranged on the surface of the mixed fiber. The size may be appropriately selected according to the purpose.

The polyester-based mixed yarn of the present invention may be used as it is for knitting or weaving, or may be twisted at about 300 to 1500 T / M and then subjected to a weaving process.

When a polyester yarn having spontaneous stretchability is used as the yarn A to be mixed and entangled with the yarn B, the fabric obtained by weaving and knitting has excellent bulkiness, warmth, feel to the touch, and the like. Is also preferable because it can be added.

Next, a method for producing the multifilament yarn of the third invention will be described.

The polyester multifilament yarn of the first invention is spun at a spinning speed V satisfying the following formula, and is subjected to a relaxation heat treatment when the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn having a crystallinity of 5 to 25% is subjected to a relaxation heat treatment. The thread crystallinity is 10
It can be produced by performing a relaxation heat treatment so that the content becomes 45%. 5 × D × d + 2600 ≦ V ≦ 5 × D × d + 3300 where D: Total fineness of polyester multifilament yarn (denier) d: Single yarn fineness of polyester multifilament yarn (denier) V: Spinning speed of polyester multifilament yarn (M
That is, in the present invention, the total fineness D (denier) of the supplied yarn is
And the spinning speed V (m / m depending on the single yarn fineness d (denier)
It is necessary to perform relaxation heat treatment on the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn having a crystallinity of 5 to 25%, which has been subjected to high-speed spinning at a rate of 10 to 45%.

In the conventional thick and thin yarns such as thick and thin yarns, unstretched yarns obtained by ordinary spinning or highly oriented unstretched yarns are stretched at a low draw ratio to form thick and thin spots. However, since the neck portion is also formed in the boundary region between the thick portion and the small portion by this method, the present inventors have focused on the method of relaxing the heat treatment of the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn. However, the polyester multifilament yarn of the first invention could not be obtained simply by subjecting a highly oriented undrawn yarn obtained by ordinary high speed spinning to a relaxation heat treatment. Therefore, as a result of intensive studies, the formation of the neck portion in the boundary region between the thick portion and the fine portion is closely related to the total fineness D, the single yarn fineness d, and the spinning speed V of the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn. It was found that the degree of conversion is also an important factor.

That is, for the spinning speed V, 5 × D
Xd + 2600 ≦ V ≦ 5 × D × d + 3300
Regarding the crystallinity of the highly oriented undrawn yarn, the range of 5 to 25% must be satisfied at the same time. 5 x D x d + 2700 ≤ V
When ≦ 5 × D × d + 3200 and the degree of crystallinity is 10 to 22%, a spontaneously elongated yarn is easily obtained by relaxation heat treatment, which is preferable. If the spinning speed V and the degree of crystallinity are below the lower limit or above the upper limit of the above range, a thick and thin yarn is likely to be obtained, but a difference in shade dyeability is likely to appear, or the orientation degree of the highly oriented undrawn yarn is too high. Heat treatment in a relaxed state becomes difficult,
It is not preferable because it becomes difficult to obtain a thick thin yarn. It is not clear why the above relational expression holds between the total fineness, the single yarn fineness, and the spinning speed of the highly oriented undrawn yarn, but this relational expression was derived as a result of analysis based on many experimental data. is there.

Next, in the present invention, a polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn which is spun at the above-described spinning speed and satisfies the crystallinity has a crystallinity of the relaxed heat treated yarn of 10 to 45%, preferably It is necessary to perform the relaxation heat treatment so as to increase by 5% or more than before the relaxation heat treatment. In this case, it is preferable that the crystallinity is 12 to 30% because spontaneously elongated yarns can be easily obtained. Outside this range, the loose heat treated yarn does not form thick or thin spots, or a difference in the dyeability between the thick portion and the details is likely to occur, which makes it difficult to achieve the object of the present invention, which is not preferable. . In order to set the crystallinity of the relaxed heat treated yarn within the above range, the relaxed heat treatment temperature and the relaxation rate may be appropriately set according to the thermal characteristics of the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn as the supply yarn. These settings vary depending on the heat treatment equipment and the processing speed (thread processing speed), but normally a non-contact heater is used and the temperature is 150 to 600 ° C.
And the relaxation rate is preferably 10 to 120%. The relaxation rate is a value expressed as a percentage by dividing the difference between the surface speed of the supply roller and the surface speed of the take-up roller of the highly oriented undrawn yarn by the surface speed of the take-up roller.

[0042]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples. The crystallinity and hot water shrinkage were measured by the following methods. (1) Crystallinity (X _c ) Calculated by the following formula from the density ρ (g / cm ³ ) measured by the density gradient tube method. X _c (%) = [(ρ−ρ _A ) / (ρ _C −ρ _A )] × 100 where ρ _C is the density of the crystalline region (1.45 for PET).
5g / cm ³ ) ρ _A is the density of the amorphous region (1.335g / c for PET)
m ³⁾ (2) was measured by a hot water shrinkage JIS-L-1090B method.

Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 Various PET multifilament yarns obtained by variously changing the spinning speed were used as supply yarns, and a supply roller, a non-contact heating heater, a take-up roller, and a winding device were sequentially provided. Relaxation heat treatment was performed using the provided thread processing machine. Table 1 shows the processing conditions and the quality of the relaxed heat treated yarn at this time.

Further, with respect to the relaxed heat-treated yarn obtained, the formation of thick and thin spots and the observation of the boundary region between the thick portion and the detail were carried out by an optical microscope. Further, a tubular knitted fabric was prepared by using the obtained relaxation heat treated yarn, and after dyeing, the difference in dark and light dyeability was visually judged. The results are also shown in Table 1.

[0045]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the polyester multifilament yarns obtained in Examples 1 to 8 have thick parts and fine parts alternately, and have no neck part, and have no difference in shade dyeing property. It was On the other hand, the crystallinity of the supplied yarns in Comparative Examples 1 and 3 and 4 and the spinning speed in Comparative Examples 2 and 5 were out of the ranges specified in the present invention, so that a yarn satisfying the present invention could not be obtained.

Next, the relaxed heat treated yarns obtained in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 and the polyester multifilament drawn yarns having a hot water shrinkage of 12% and a breaking elongation of 34% obtained by a conventional method. 50d / 12f are aligned with a commercially available interlaced nozzle, overfeed rate is 1.0%, air pressure is 1.
The fluid was entangled at 8 kg / cm ² .

A plain weave having a warp density of 102 / 2.54 cm and a weft density of 68 / 2.54 cm is obtained by weaving the mixed yarn obtained above into a plain weave using warp and weft, and dyeing and finishing according to a conventional method. Got

Table 2 shows the evaluation results of the obtained woven fabric.

[0050]

[Table 2]

[0051]

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The polyester multifilament yarn of the present invention has thick and fine unevenness in the length direction, but has no difference in color density. Therefore, the fabric obtained by weaving or knitting is similar to a fabric using natural fibers. A natural mottled appearance and texture can be imparted. Furthermore, when the multifilament yarn of the present invention is imparted with spontaneous stretchability and is used as a low shrinkage component of a heterogeneous shrinkage mixed yarn, a bulge feeling can be imparted in addition to a natural mottled appearance and texture. it can.

The polyester-based mixed yarn of the present invention is
Since the polyester multifilament yarn is a fluid-entangled mixed yarn having a shrinkage higher than that of the yarn and a breaking elongation of 50% or less, the characteristics of the polyester multifilament yarn are maximized. Can be utilized,
It has excellent morphological stability and process passability.

Further, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, it becomes possible to easily and stably manufacture the polyester multi-filament yarn having the above advantages.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial side view of a polyester multifilament yarn showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial side view of a conventional thick and thin yarn.

[Explanation of symbols]

1a thick part of filament 1b Details of filament 2a thick part of filament 2b Details of filament 3 Filament neck

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI D02J 1/22 D02J 1/22 (56) References JP-A-6-220734 (JP, A) JP-A-6-200439 (JP , A) JP 52-31120 (JP, A) JP 48-93714 (JP, A) JP 56-20611 (JP, A) JP 4-100933 (JP, A) JP 5-247768 (JP, A) JP 59-26540 (JP, A) JP 60-162819 (JP, A) JP 60-75631 (JP, A) JP 7-243138 (JP, A) A) JP-A-7-173733 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) D02G 3/34 D01F 6/62 D02G 3/04 D02J 1/00 D02J 1/12 D02J 1/22

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A structure having thick portions and small portions alternately in the length direction,
And, in the boundary region between the thick portion and detail a yarn consisting of filaments having no neck portion, substantially gray dyeing sex differences rather name and polyester multifilament which is a spontaneous extensible yarn. 2. A polyester-based blend in which the polyester multifilament yarn according to claim 1 and a yarn having a shrinkage higher than that of the polyester multifilament yarn and a breaking elongation of 50% or less are subjected to a fluid entanglement treatment. Yarn. 3. When a relaxation heat treatment is performed on a polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn having a crystallinity of 5 to 25%, which is spun at a spinning speed V satisfying the following formula, the crystallinity of the relaxed heat treated yarn is 10 to A method for producing a polyester multi-filament yarn, which comprises subjecting a relaxation heat treatment to 45%. 5 × D × d + 2600 ≦ V ≦ 5 × D × d + 3300 where D: Total fineness of polyester multifilament yarn (denier) d: Single yarn fineness of polyester multifilament yarn (denier) V: Spinning speed of polyester multifilament yarn (M
/ Min)