JP3517334B2 - Reactor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid or gas reactor which does not require a stirrer and is free from explosion or the like, and in particular, a refrigerant is circulated to gradually cool the heat of chemical reaction,
Alternatively, it relates to a reactor capable of promoting a heating reaction by circulating a heat medium.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a reactor is equipped with a stirrer, and the mixture is uniformly dispersed by rotating or reciprocating the blades of the stirrer.

[0003]

However, in addition to the complexity of requiring a power mechanism, uniform dispersion by this method has a problem that it takes a long time for stirring. In addition, depending on the type of reaction product and the mixing conditions, an abnormal reaction may be induced and an explosion may occur. Further, when a substance is polycondensed by a chemical reaction, the heat of the chemical reaction may be generated during the reaction to frequently generate impurities. In order to prevent this, a gradual cooling process for gradually cooling at an appropriate speed is required. On the other hand, conversely, it may be desired to accelerate the chemical reaction by heat treatment. The present invention has been made focusing on these problems,
It does not require a power mechanism such as blades necessary for stirring, and
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reactor that does not have a risk of explosion. Further, in addition to being able to suitably cope with the case where slow cooling treatment or heat treatment is required, it is also possible to provide a reactor capable of reacting and polymerizing by finely converting gas-liquid into fine particles and continuously contacting them at high pressure. To aim.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above object, a reactor according to the present invention comprises a hot isostatic pressurization furnace in a plurality of metal cylinders arranged concentrically and having different diameters. A reactor having, as a main element, a first reaction tube formed by forming a metal porous body chamber made of a bonded body, wherein an inlet for each chamber is provided on one side of the first reaction tube. In each of the chambers except the radially outermost portion, a shielding plate that blocks the axial flow passage from the inlet is provided so that the chamber located radially outward is gradually separated from the inlet. A through hole is formed in the outer peripheral portion of each of the metal cylinders in the vicinity of the shielding plate located inside, on the inlet side of the shielding plate, except for the outermost one in the radial direction. Fluid that has moved inside the chamber in the radial direction is And moves to the chamber on the outer side in the radial direction, and is mixed with other fluids in the metal porous body made of the hot isotropic pressure sintered body to react therewith. A flow path for heat exchange is formed on the outer peripheral portion and / or on the other side of the first reaction tube. Further, by reversing the position of the shield plate, the fluid that has moved in the chamber on the radially outer side may move to the chamber on the radially inner side through each through hole.

Here, in the metal porous body chamber, a plurality of types of metal powders having different particle sizes and material types are individually filled between the metal cylinders and subjected to hot isostatic pressing or the shape of each metal cylinder. In accordance with the above, it is preferable to form hot isostatically pressed sintered bodies having different porosities and pore diameters individually, and then press-fit and fit these into metal cylinders arranged concentrically. In addition, the surface of the metal powder forming the metal porous body chamber is previously treated with Zn,
If a metal such as Cr, Cu, Ag, Pt, or Ti is used for coating or vapor deposition, the metal catalyst can act as a chemical reaction. The hot isotropic pressure treatment is to insert a treatment material in a pressure vessel and apply a high isotropic pressure using a gas as a pressure medium at high temperature to utilize the synergistic effect of high temperature and high pressure. This refers to the process of pressure sintering of metal powder. However, if the temperature and pressure are too high, the porosity will decrease, while if the temperature and pressure are insufficient, the adhesive force between particles will be insufficient. Therefore, adjust the temperature and pressure to the optimum temperature according to the type of metal powder used. There is a need.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described in more detail based on the following examples. FIG. 1 is an external view of a reactor 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view (a) and a partial sectional view (b) thereof. As shown in the figure, the reactor 1 is configured by mounting an upper reaction tube 2 having a concentric triple structure and a lower reaction tube 3 formed in a funnel shape, and providing a hollow chamber 4 therebetween. (Figure 2). Water jacket casings 27 and 28 for cooling are attached to the outer peripheral portions of the upper reaction cylinder 2, the lower reaction cylinder 3 and the hollow chamber 4 with a required gap. The upper water jacket 27 is provided with passages 27a and 27b in a casing thereof so as to communicate with a cooling device and a heating device as required.
Similarly, the lower water jacket 28 also includes the flow paths 28a,
It is adapted to communicate with a cooling device and a heating device via 28b. What is configured in this way is that the reaction
Generally, there is an optimum temperature range, and if the temperature is higher than that, a side reaction occurs, a large amount of impurities are generated, and it becomes difficult to generate the impurities. This is because if the catalyst activity is deteriorated rapidly, and if it is too low, a predetermined reaction rate cannot be obtained. Inside the hollow chamber 4, a coil 29 used for cooling or the like is installed. The coil 29 has a spiral shape as shown in the drawing, and a large number of fin members 30 are attached to the outer peripheral portion of the coil 29. The coil 29 passes through the water jacket 28 and communicates with the flow paths 29a and 29b. The upper reaction cylinder 2 includes large, medium and small metal cylinders 5, 6 and 7 formed of a corrosion resistant metal such as stainless steel, titanium and alloy, and a metal porous body 8 having a predetermined porosity and a predetermined pore diameter. 9 and 10 are press-fitted to form the porous body chambers 2A to 2C (FIGS. 4 to 6). And
A disc 11 is in close contact with the inner peripheral portion of the small diameter cylinder 5, and an annular plate 12 is in close contact between the small diameter cylinder 5 and the medium diameter cylinder 6 (FIGS. 5 and 6). A plurality of through holes 5a and a plurality of through holes 6a are formed in the outer peripheral portions of the small-diameter cylinder 5 and the medium-diameter cylinder 6 in the circumferential direction in the vicinity of the upper side of the disc 11 and the upper side of the annular plate 12, respectively. The through holes 5a and 6a are provided above the disc 11 and the annular plate 12, and the disc 11 and the annular plate 12 are provided.
Is in close contact with the metal cylinders 5 and 6, the through hole 5a functions as a flow path from the chamber 2A to the chamber 2B, and the through hole 6a functions as a flow path from the chamber 2B to the chamber 2C. Become.

The metal porous bodies 8, 9 and 10 are hot isotropic pressure sintered bodies formed in a columnar shape or a cylindrical shape, and the sintering raw material powder is, for example, stainless steel type (SUS3).
04, SUS630, etc.), tool steel system (SKD61, S
KD11, etc.), maraging steel series (18Ni series, 2
Various metals such as high-speed steel (SKH51, SKH55, etc.) and non-ferrous metal (aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, etc.) are used. The porosity and the pore diameter of the metal porous body are appropriately selected as necessary, but the porosity is 7.0.
˜50.0%, and when the pore diameter is 500 μm or less, it is desirable that it is disclosed in the application specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 6-255228. That is, the raw material powder having a particle diameter corresponding to the porosity and the pore diameter is vacuum-sealed in a capsule,
Depending on the processing conditions for a highly dense sintered body,
A hot isostatic pressing (HIP) process is performed under processing conditions of a short time. For example, in the HIP treatment using stainless steel or alloy tool steel powder as a raw material powder, the temperature is about 400 to 800 ° C., the pressure is about 50 to 150 MPa, and the treatment time is about 0.5 to
When the high-speed steel-based powder is used as the raw material powder, the temperature is about 300 to 800 ° C., and the pressing force is 50 to 150 M.
The processing time is about Pa and the processing time is about 0.5 to 4 hours. In addition,
The porosity and pore diameter of the metal porous body obtained as a sintered body are
The pressure temperature, the pressure, the processing time, etc. are adjusted as control factors. Further, after the HIP treatment, if a heat treatment of maintaining the temperature range of 60 to 90% of the melting point for 2 to 10 hours is performed, the porosity and the pore diameter of the sintered body are not substantially changed, It is possible to strengthen the bond between particles. Alternatively, the raw material powder is filled in a rubber mold, cold isostatic pressing is performed to form a powder compact, and then the powder compact is encapsulated or HIP-treated without encapsulation. You may. In this manufacturing process, the grain size of the raw material powder, the cold pressure forming pressure, and the HI of the green compact are obtained.
The porosity and the pore diameter of the sintered body can be controlled by the P treatment conditions (temperature, pressure, time).

The metal porous bodies 8, 9 and 10 are manufactured by the above-mentioned method. The porosity and pore diameter of each porous body are the largest in the cylindrical porous body 8 located at the center,
The annular columnar porous body 10 located on the outer peripheral portion is set to be the smallest. In this example, the porous bodies 8 to 10 are press-fitted into the metal cylinders 5 to 7, but the invention is not limited to this, and the metal cylinders 5, 6 and 7 are arranged at equal intervals. In this state, HIP treatment may be performed by filling raw material powders having different particle sizes. In this case, it is preferable that a metal porous body having a triple structure having different pore distributions is integrally molded, but it is preferable that the metal cylinders 5, 6 and 7 have a sectional shape as shown in FIG. . Further, each of the porous bodies 8, 9 and 10 may have a multi-layer structure in the axial direction.
It is preferable because the pore distribution can be varied not only in the radial direction but also in the axial direction. In this case, for example, the porosity and the like may be reduced from the upper part to the lower part of the porous bodies 8 to 10.
As disclosed in the specification of No. 1593. That is,
Laminated and filled with multiple kinds of metal powders having different particle sizes and materials, temperature 0.2 to 0.85 mpK, pressure 0.5 to 15
The multi-layer metal porous body 7, 8, 9 may be manufactured by performing hot isostatic pressing under the condition of 0 MPa. It should be noted that mpK is the melting point (absolute temperature) of the powder, and refers to the melting point of the low melting point powder when the powders of different materials are stacked and filled. Also,
It is also possible to stack and fill a plurality of types of metal powders having different particle sizes and materials, and perform hot isostatic pressing after cold pressing. As shown in FIG. 8, the lower reaction cylinder 3 is composed of a metal cylinder 13, a metal porous body 14 inside thereof, and a funnel cylinder 15. This lower reaction tube 3 is HIP
The metal porous body 14 produced by the treatment is used as the metal cylinder 13
It is manufactured by press-fitting or by filling metal powder in the metal cylinder 13 and integrally molding by HIP processing. The funnel cylinder 15 is fixed to the metal cylinder 13 by welding or the like in the pre-processing or the post-processing.

Next, the assembled state of the reactor 1 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The cooling water circulates inside the lower water jacket casing 28 mounted on the mounting base 16 with a required gap. In addition, the lower reaction cylinder 3 is fitted and the reactant transfer pipe 18 is attached below the funnel 15 via the screw pump 24. Further, the upper reaction tube 2 is fitted on the lower reaction tube 3, and an upper water jacket casing 27 is formed on the outer peripheral portion of the upper reaction tube 2 so as to circulate the cooling water with a required gap. Attach and fix. A pressure resistant casing cover 19 is attached to the upper part of the upper reaction cylinder 2, and the casing cover 19 has press-fitting pipes 8P and 9P for pressurizing a liquid or gas into a chamber formed of the metal porous bodies 8, 9 and 10. , 10P is equipped. The casing cover 19 is tightly fixed by a fixing bolt 20. The casing cover 19, the upper water jacket casing 27, and the lower water jacket casing 28 have flange portions 19F,
They are connected via 27F and 28F.

FIG. 9 is a flow sheet showing an example of use of the reactor 1 according to the present invention. Liquid hoppers 21a, 21b,
The liquids A, B, and C of 21c are press-fitted and supplied to the reactor 1 via the opening / closing valve 22 and the pressurizing pump 23. On the other hand, the output of the reactor 1 is supplied to the next stage via the pump 24 and the check valve 25. The pressurizing pump 23 is controlled by the computer controller 26, and the additive liquid and the catalyst are stored in the additive liquid hopper 21d and the catalyst hopper 21e. As shown in the figure, in the case of this reactor 1, the water jackets 27 and 28 are both connected to the radiator 30, and the cooling water pressurized by the circulation pump 30P is supplied to the water jackets 27 and 28. Also,
The cooling spiral coil 29 is connected to the cooler 31,
The refrigerant pressurized by the pressure pump 31P is supplied to the cooling spiral coil 29. As described above, since the cooling water and the refrigerant circulate in the reactor 1, it is possible to gradually cool the heat generated during the chemical reaction and prevent the generation of impurities and the like.

Next, an example of the operation contents of the reactor 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be described with reference to FIG. The liquids A to C from the liquid hoppers 21a to 21c pass through the press-fitting pipes 8P to 10P, respectively, and the porous body chamber 2A to
Supplied to 2C. In addition, the porous body chambers 2A to 2
Although the porosities of C are different from each other, the computer controller 26 takes the difference in porosity into consideration, and the pressurizing pump 2
3 is controlled to the optimum operating state. The liquids A to C press-fitted into the liquids 2A to 2C press-fitted into the porous body chambers 2A to 2C are metal porous bodies 8, 9, 10 (2A, 2
B, 2C) to make fine particles. The flow velocity at this time is determined by the porosity of the porous body and the pressure of the liquid, but since the porosity of the porous body chamber 2A is large, the flow velocity and the flow rate are generally large. Then, the liquid A that has descended from the porous body chamber 2A is provided on the outer periphery of the metal cylinder 5 and flows out through the through hole 5a, and then flows into the porous body chamber 2B. On the other hand, the porous body chamber 2
Since the porosity of B is formed to be smaller than that of the porous body chamber 2A, the flow rate of the liquid B flowing down is generally smaller than that of the liquid A, but since the pressure is high, it does not flow backward and the through hole 5a is not generated. Liquid A and liquid B are uniformly mixed and synthesized near the outflow. Similarly, since the porosity of the porous body chamber 2C is formed to be smaller than the porosity of the porous body chamber 2B, the solution A + the solution B is uniformly mixed with the solution C in the vicinity of the outflow hole 6a. Is synthesized. After that, the synthesis solution A + B + C flows out into the hollow chamber 4, but passes through the porous body 14 filled in the lower reaction tube 2, whereby the synthesis solution A + B + C is further subdivided and uniformly dispersed to form a reaction solution. It The polymerization reaction may increase the viscosity of the reaction solution. In such a case, a vacuum device for suction and discharge is provided at the funnel outlet of the lower reaction tube 2.

By the way, the metal porous bodies 8, 9, 10, 1
Since the inside of 4 is a passage in which a hole of a micron unit is bent, a resistance force acts on the flow.
Therefore, the fluid flowing inside the porous bodies 8, 9 and 10 of the upper reaction tube 2 is pressurized by the pump and
Although the pores in 9 and 10 are extruded and flow out into the chamber 4, they cannot pass through the porous body 14 of the lower reaction tube 3 due to the mucus property of the outflowing liquid, and stay in the chamber 4 to be filled. Will be done. It is desirable that the retained mixed liquid flow out from the porous body 14 of the lower reaction tube 3 by its own gravity in the chamber 4. However, depending on the surface tension and the viscosity of the liquid, the outflow is blocked and the pressure in the chamber 4 is reduced. Rise,
In some cases, the mixed liquid may flow back into the first reaction tube 2 and hinder the reaction action. Therefore, it is preferable that the porous body 14 of the lower reaction tube 3 is formed to have a porosity and a pore diameter larger than those of the metal porous bodies 8, 9, 10 of the upper reaction tube 2 depending on the properties of the mixed liquid. Further, in order to adjust the pressure in the chamber 4, as shown in FIG. 13, a hole 3 is formed in the central portion of the lower reaction tube 3.
It is preferable to form a threaded portion 33 ′ by drilling 3 and insert the communication tube 34 shown in FIG. 14 and fix it tightly with a screw 35, and attach a safety valve SV to the lower part to enhance safety. Also,
When the viscosity is too high, the through hole 36 is formed inside the lower reaction tube 3.
By forming a plurality of holes (see FIG. 14), the pressure reducing effect can be further enhanced. In addition, it is more effective to operate the suction / discharge pump 24 provided at the funnel outlet of the lower reaction tube 3. 11 and 12, the communication pipe 34 is shown.
Figure 3 shows a reactor with. In the reactor 1 of this embodiment, the communication tube 34 of FIG. 14 is fixed through the lower reaction tube 3 of FIG. 13 in which the porosity and the pore diameter of the porous body 14 are large. Further, a safety valve SV is provided below the communication pipe 34 so that the pressure released from the hollow chamber 4 to the lower reaction tube 3 can be adjusted. Further, the hollow chamber 4 is made large in the axial direction so that the internal liquid can easily flow out due to its own gravity. As shown in FIG. 11, the lower reaction tube 3 is provided with an inspection window 32 penetrating the outer peripheral wall, and the operation inside the reactor 1 can be confirmed through the inspection window 32. The inspection window 32 is configured to be openable and closable, and the safety valve SV provided below the communication pipe 34 can be adjusted by opening the inspection window 32.

Although liquid mixing has been described above, it goes without saying that the reactor according to the present invention can also be used for gas mixing. In addition, even if a chemical reaction is involved, even if an abnormal reaction occurs, the risk of explosion is low and the safety factor is high.
This is because the inside of the porous body has minute cavities that are finely divided. For example, it is said that the total internal area of the fine cavities in the activated carbon of 1 cm ³ is equal to 30 m ² , but although it cannot be discussed in the same way, the size of the internal area of the fine cavities of the metal porous body is , Effectively eliminates the risk of explosion. In addition, the porous body chamber 2A
To Pt, Ag, Cu, Z in the metal powder forming ~ 2C
Select n, Cr, Ni, etc. for HIP sintering,
Alternatively, various reaction mechanisms can be formed by HIP sintering a metal powder obtained by plating or vapor depositing these metals to form a metal catalyst. Regarding this chemical reaction mechanism, when it is necessary to gradually cool the heat of the chemical reaction as described above, the cooling device is activated to respond, and conversely, when heating is required to accelerate the chemical reaction, The heated medium (gas or liquid) is circulated so that it can be dealt with. Therefore, it can be used as a reaction mechanism that requires high temperature and high pressure, from simple mixing to precise synthetic chemistry, that is, a polymerization reaction by a high degree of chemical reaction, a polycondensation reaction.
The description of the embodiments does not limit the present invention,
Various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the case of the embodiment, the fluid moves in the order of the small diameter cylinder 5 → the middle diameter cylinder 6 → the large diameter cylinder 7, but conversely, the fluid moves in the order of the large diameter cylinder 7 → the middle diameter cylinder 6 → the small diameter cylinder 5. You may move it. In this case, as shown in FIG. 10, an annular plate 11A is provided between the medium diameter cylinder 6 and the large diameter cylinder 7, an annular plate 12A is provided between the small diameter cylinder 5 and the medium diameter cylinder 6, and the inner diameter cylinder 5 is also provided. And annular plates 12A and 1A on the outer circumference of the medium diameter cylinder 6 respectively.
Through holes 5a and 6a are provided near 1A. In addition, FIG.
In the embodiment of FIG. 14, the communication pipe 34 is passed through the lower reaction tube 3, but the structure is not limited to this structure. The piping is led out from the chamber 4 and a regulating valve is provided outside. It may be returned to the lower space of the lower reaction tube 3 again through a pipe. In the case of this configuration, the inspection window 32
No need to open The lower reaction tube 3 may not be provided with the porous body 14 in some cases, for example, because the cooling action in the chamber 4 is unnecessary.

[0014]

As described above, the present invention does not require a power mechanism for rotating or reciprocating the blades for stirring even if it is a simple mixer, and a mixture can be formed by simply passing a plurality of liquids or gases. It can be uniformly dispersed. Further, it is an extremely excellent reactor which can finely convert gas-liquid into fine particles and continuously contact them at a high pressure to carry out reaction polymerization, and can maintain an optimum temperature range to effectively function for multiple purposes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a reactor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view (a) and a partial cross-sectional view (b) of the reactor of FIG.

3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA, a sectional view taken along the line BB, and a sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a metal porous body that is a constituent element of an upper reaction tube.

FIG. 5 illustrates a metal cylinder that is a component of the upper reaction cylinder.

FIG. 6 illustrates an arrangement state of large, medium and small metal cylinders.

FIG. 7 illustrates a cross-sectional shape of a metal cylinder.

FIG. 8 illustrates a lower reaction tube.

FIG. 9 is a flow sheet showing a usage state of the reactor of FIG.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a modified example of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the reactor according to the present invention.

12 is a plan view (a) and a partial cross-sectional view (b) of the reactor of FIG.

13 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the reaction tube of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a view showing a communication tube that penetrates the hollow chamber and the lower reaction tube of the present invention to connect the funnel tube.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Reactor 2 Upper (1st) Reaction Cylinder 2A to 2C Porous Body Chamber 3 Lower (2nd) Reaction Cylinder 4 Hollow Chamber (Hollow Cylinder) 5-7 Large, Medium and Small Metal Cylinders 5a, 6a Through Holes 8-10 Metal porous body (hot isotropic pressure-sintered body) 8P to 10P Press-in pipe (inlet) 11 to 12 Bottom plate 27 to 28 Water jacket casing (flow passage for heat exchange) 29 Spiral coil (for heat exchange) 32) Inspection window 33 Communication pipe insertion port 33 'Threaded portion 34 Communication pipe 35 Tightening screw SV Safety valve (relief valve, safety valve)

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Masaru Sasaki 2-2 Tsugundai, Suita City, Osaka Prefecture C43-202 (72) Inventor Ryutaro Motoki 1-1-1 Nakaike Oike, Hirakata City, Osaka Kubota Corporation Hirakata In-house (72) Inventor Jun Funakoshi 1-1-1 Nakanomiya Oike, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Kubota Co., Ltd. Hirakata In-house (72) Takashi Nishi Nishi 1-1-1, Nakamiya Oike, Hirakata, Osaka Kubota Hirakata Co., Ltd. In-house (72) Inventor Akira Kosaka 1-1-1, Nakanomiya Oike, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Kubota In-house Hirakata (56) Reference JP-A-9-131524 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (58) Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B01J 19/00-19/32

Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first reaction cylinder formed by forming a metal porous body chamber made of a hot isotropically pressurized sintered body in a plurality of concentrically arranged metal cylinders having different diameters. A reactor as an element, wherein an inlet for each chamber is provided on one side of the first reaction cylinder, and each chamber except the radially outermost portion is A shielding plate that blocks the axial flow path is provided so that the chamber located on the outer side in the radial direction is gradually separated from the inlet, and except for the one located on the outermost side in the radial direction, A perforation hole is formed in the outer peripheral portion on the inflow side of the shielding plate in the vicinity of the shielding plate located inside, and the fluid that has moved inside the chamber in the radial direction passes through each of the perforation holes. Move to the outer chamber in the direction of Of the metal porous body, which is mixed with other fluids to react with each other, and is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the first reaction tube and / or on the other side of the first reaction tube for heat exchange. A reactor having a flow path formed therein. 2. A first reaction cylinder comprising a metal porous body chamber made of a hot isotropically pressurized sintered body formed in a plurality of concentrically arranged metal cylinders having different diameters. A reactor as an element, wherein an inlet for each of the chambers is provided on one side of the first reaction cylinder, and each of the chambers except the central portion has an axial direction from the inlet. A shielding plate that blocks the flow path is provided so that the chamber located radially inward is gradually separated from the inlet, and is provided on the outer peripheral portion of each metal cylinder except those located radially outermost. Has a through hole on the inflow side of the shielding plate in the vicinity of the shielding plate located on the outer side. Move to chamber and consist of hot isostatically pressed sintered body In the metal porous body, it is adapted to be mixed with another fluid to react with it, and a heat exchange channel is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the first reaction tube and / or the other side of the first reaction tube. A reactor characterized in that 3. The surface of the metal powder forming the metal porous body chamber is previously made of Zn, Cr, Cu, Ag, P.
The reactor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reactor is coated by metal plating such as t or Ti or vapor deposition. 4. A second reaction tube is mounted on the other side of the first reaction tube with a hollow tube part therebetween, and the second reaction tube is also hot-isotroped in the metal tube. The reactor according to claim 3, wherein a metal porous body chamber made of a pressure sintered body is formed, and a flow path for heat exchange is provided in the hollow cylindrical portion. 5. The metal tube of the first reaction tube is made up of large, medium, and small pieces.
The first reaction tube has a metal porous body chamber that includes a sintered body inside a small diameter cylinder, a sintered body between a small diameter cylinder and a medium diameter cylinder, and a large diameter cylinder and a medium diameter cylinder. The reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a porosity and a pore diameter are different from those of the sintered body. 6. The metal porous body chamber of the first reaction tube is formed by individually molding hot isotropic pressure-sintered bodies according to the shapes of large, medium and small cylinders, and then arranging them in concentric circles. The reactor according to claim 5, wherein the large, medium, and small cylinders are fitted by press fitting. 7. The reaction tube is formed by filling large, medium and small cylinders arranged concentrically with a metal powder of a predetermined grain size and performing hot isostatic pressing and sintering. 5. The reactor according to item 5. 8. The porous metal body in the second reaction cylinder is formed to have a larger porosity and a larger pore diameter than the porous metal body in the first reaction cylinder, and / or a plurality of transparent bodies. A hole is formed, a communication pipe is fixed through the center of the second reaction tube, and a safety valve for automatically adjusting the pressure in the chamber is attached to the lower part of the communication pipe. The reactor according to claim 4, wherein