JP3499379B2 - Power distribution system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power distribution system adapted to, for example, a vehicle and having a power distribution unit for controlling distribution and supply of power to various electric component loads.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, an in-vehicle power distribution system is a system for operating various switches to supply electric power to various electrical component loads to drive the electrical component loads.
The arrangement of these switches and various electrical component loads on the vehicle is generally determined as shown in FIG. 9, and power is supplied to the various electrical component loads on the vehicle by a wire harness from a battery or alternator described later. It is distributed in the form of a branch line through and supplies power to the necessary place.

FIG. 9 is a vehicle body image diagram showing a power supply configuration of a conventional vehicle-mounted power distribution system.

In FIG. 9, a vehicle body 1 includes, for example, an engine room 2 in the front part on which an engine is mounted, a passenger compartment 3 provided behind the engine room 2 including a driver's seat and passenger seats, and the passenger compartment. It is divided into a trunk room 4 arranged in the rear part of the vehicle.

In the engine room 2, a power source 7 such as a battery 5 for supplying electric power of a predetermined voltage and an alternator 6 is connected to the power source 7 via a wire harness, and the power supplied from the power source 7 is supplied. The electric connection box 8 that is a joint box (J / B) that distributes the lamps and various loads such as lamps such as a head lamp and a tail clearance lamp are arranged.

A joint box (J / B), which is connected to the electric connection box 8 via a wire harness in the passenger compartment 3, and which distributes the electric power supplied from the electric connection box 8 to various loads. An electric connection box 9 and an electric connection box 10 connected to the electric connection box 9 via a wire harness, illumination of meters as various loads, illumination of audio, and various operable switches are arranged. ing. Further, from the electric connection box 10 to the engine room 2 and the passenger compartment 3
A wire harness extends inside, and the wire harness is branched into branch lines and connected to various loads. Also, these electrical connection box 9 and electrical connection box 10
Various systems having a central processing unit (CPU) as an electrical component load are connected by branching from a wire harness between them in a branch line shape.

Further, the passenger compartment 3 and the trunk room 4
A wire harness connected to the electric connection box 9 in the passenger compartment 3 extends in the vehicle, and lamps such as a backlight and various systems as branch loads connected by branching from the wire harness. Are installed.

The battery 5 can be charged and discharged, and is a power supply source for the engine start motor when the engine is stopped, for example, when the engine is started. Further, the battery 5 has a voltage of 12V (voltage of 12V is a normal small vehicle and a voltage of 24V for a normal large vehicle) with respect to various electric component loads scattered around the vehicle even when the vehicle is stopped or unused. ) Power is being supplied. For example, various electric component loads such as a control unit (ECU), a radio, and a clock need to have their memory functions and the like always operate normally. Therefore, even when the vehicle is stopped or unused. The power is always supplied through a protection circuit such as a fuse and a fusible link (F / L).

The alternator 6 is a power supply source for operating the engine, which generates electric power by rotating the engine.
Further, the alternator 6 supplies electric power of voltage 12V (voltage 12V is a small normal vehicle and a large large vehicle 24V) to various electric component loads scattered in the vehicle when the vehicle is used. We are supplying. further,
In order to correspond to the power supply by the power generation of the alternator 6, each electrical component such as an air conditioner or a headlight that consumes a large amount of power as various loads is
The engine speed is changed according to the frequency of use and power consumption. As described above, the alternator 6 controls the amount of power generation according to the engine speed. Further, the electric power supplied from the alternator 6 has a noise in the electric power due to the coil in the alternator 6 and is a considerably unstable power source.

Further, these electrical junction boxes 8, 9, 10
A current limiting circuit as a protection circuit for a fuse and a fusible link (F / L), a switching circuit such as a relay circuit, and the like are provided therein. For electrical equipment with a large drive current, such as an air conditioner, the operation switch is not operated directly, but is made to conduct via a relay contact with a large current capacity, a semiconductor switch for power, or the like.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In the above conventional configuration,
As the load of various electronic components such as electronic devices has increased due to market needs such as improvement of driving comfort, system multi-equipment, and higher quality, it has become difficult to secure a space for installing electronic devices in the vehicle. , The operation switch and the electronic equipment as the electrical equipment load controlled by the operation switch can be installed only apart from each other, the electric wire required for communication and power supply between them becomes long, and the wire harness becomes enlarged. It also causes an increase in outer diameter and weight and an increase in cost. As a problem due to the enlargement of the wire harness, it is difficult to secure the installation space in the vehicle and to assemble it to the vehicle, and moreover, the exterior of the wire harness or the electric wire coating is damaged due to being caught, bent or worn. There was a risk of short circuit. In order to prevent the wire harness from being enlarged, the present inventors are studying the form of the wire harness as shown in FIG. 10 below for the purpose of wire saving.

FIG. 10 is a vehicle body image diagram showing a power supply configuration of a vehicle-mounted power distribution system which the present inventors are studying.

In FIG. 10, electric connection boxes 11 to 16 as electric power distribution units, which are joint boxes (J / B) for distributing electric power to a plurality of various electric component loads, are optimum parts for vehicles where various electric component loads are concentrated. It is installed in.
That is, the electric junction boxes 11, 12 in the engine room 17
Are arranged at the front positions of both ends in the vehicle width direction in the vicinity of various load electrical components such as left and right headlamps and tail clearance lamps. The electric connection boxes 13 and 14 in the passenger compartment 18 are respectively
They are arranged in the vicinity of the load of electrical equipment such as audio equipment at the front positions of both ends in the vehicle width direction. further,
The electric junction boxes 15 and 16 in the trunk room 19 are respectively arranged in the vicinity of loads of various electric components such as a backlight and in front of both ends in the vehicle width direction.

Further, the uppermost stream side electrical junction box 11 is directly supplied with power from the power source section 20, and the other downstream electrical junction boxes 12 to 16 are respectively powered through the power lines of the main line 21. Power can be supplied from the battery 22 and the alternator 23 of. Further, transmission of control signals from various electrical component loads and operation switches, and transmission of control signals to other electric connection boxes are performed from the electric connection boxes 11 to 16 via multiplex communication lines in the main line 21, respectively. To do. In this way, the electric connection boxes 11 to 16 are respectively installed near the electrical equipment loads, and the power supply to the individual electrical equipment loads is distributed from all the nearby electrical connection boxes and supplied.

As described above, if each of the electric junction boxes 11 to 16 is disposed in the vicinity of the load on the vehicle where the load is concentrated, a large number of power supply lines for various loads and a power line including a ground line are provided. It is possible to connect between the electric connection boxes only by the power line of the main line 21 without arranging a large number and distribute and supply electric power to various electric component loads from the nearest electric connection box, and to realize wire saving of the wire harness. It is possible to prevent the wire harness from being enlarged.

However, in this configuration, since power to all electrical component loads is concentrated on the power line of the main line 21, when an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs in the main line 21, damage due to the short circuit or the like occurs, and It becomes impossible to supply power to all electrical component loads, which is a serious problem in driving.

The present invention solves the above problems. Even if an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs in a trunk line, damage due to the abnormality such as a short circuit can be suppressed and the vehicle can be driven safely. It aims at providing the electric power distribution system which can be performed.

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

A power distribution system of the present invention is provided with a plurality of power distribution units for distributing power to a plurality of various loads, and a power supply unit is provided in at least one of the plurality of power distribution units. A power distribution system in which a plurality of power distribution units are connected to each other and can be supplied with power from at least two power lines, and the power distribution system is provided on at least one of the plurality of power distribution units on the outer peripheral side of the power line. A first control unit that detects a voltage change in the short-circuit detection layer that has been detected and that makes the power line having the short-circuit detection layer in which the voltage change is detected non-conducting is provided, and the power distribution unit includes at least two system power line A plurality of detection units that detect the amount of current, a plurality of switch units that respectively turn on and off the conduction of at least two power lines, and detection that detects an abnormal value among the output values from the plurality of detection units And a second control unit for controlling the switch means corresponding to the unit to make the power line in which the abnormal value is detected non-conductive. Also, preferably, the power distribution system of the present invention is a power distribution system in which a plurality of power distribution units are each supplied with power from one power line of at least two power lines, and at least two power supplies are provided. The power line of the path may be configured to be switched to a single power supply path that does not include a power line that is made non-conductive by at least one of the first control unit and the second control unit.

With this configuration, the first control unit causes the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer to be, for example, a short circuit.
When it is lowered due to, for example, the short-circuited short-circuit detection layer is made non-conductive to cut off the power supply in a certain range, so even if there is a risk of an abnormality such as a short-circuit in the main line, a short-circuit will occur. It is possible to prevent damage caused by the abnormalities. Further, each of the plurality of power distribution units is configured to be capable of supplying power with at least two power lines, and each detection unit detects and monitors the amount of current in these two power lines, and
The control unit controls the switch unit corresponding to the detection unit that has detected the abnormal value among the output values from the plurality of detection units, and makes the power line in which the abnormal value is detected non-conductive. In addition, since switching control is performed to the power supply path of one system that does not include the power line that is made non-conducting by at least one of the first control unit and the second control unit, the power distribution unit supplies the power by one power line. Even if the power is cut off, power can be supplied through the other power line remaining in the two current paths,
It is possible to supply power to the normal electrical component system on the downstream side of the system and drive it. Therefore, it becomes possible to safely drive the vehicle to a safe place for repair, such as when traveling at high speed.

Further, the power distribution system of the present invention is provided with a plurality of power distribution units for distributing power to a plurality of various loads, and a power supply unit is connected to at least one of the plurality of power distribution units. In addition, in a power distribution system in which a plurality of power distribution units are each supplied with power by a power line, at least one of the plurality of power distribution units has a voltage change in a short-circuit detection layer disposed on the outer peripheral side of the power line. And a short-circuit detection layer in which a voltage change is detected is provided with a first control unit that makes the power line non-conducting, and the power distribution unit supplies current to each power line for each of a plurality of various loads. A plurality of detection units for detecting the respective quantities, a plurality of switch means for turning on and off the conduction of each power line for supplying power to a plurality of various loads, and an abnormal output value from the plurality of detection units That a third control unit that abnormality value by controlling the switching means corresponding to the detection section has detected that the non-conducting power rays detected is disposed and is characterized in.

With this structure, when the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer is lowered due to, for example, a short circuit, the short-circuited short-circuit detection layer cuts off the power supply by cutting off the power line in a certain range. As a result, even if there is a danger of an abnormality such as a short circuit occurring on the main line, it is possible to prevent damage due to an abnormality such as a short circuit. Furthermore, the current amount is detected and monitored by each detection unit for each power line that supplies power to a plurality of various loads, and the control unit detects an abnormal value among the output values from the plurality of detection units. Since the power line in which the abnormal value is detected is made non-conductive by controlling the switch means corresponding to the detected detection unit, for example, an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs in any of various loads and each power line connected to them. In this case, only the load in which the abnormality has occurred and the power line connected to it are separated by the switch means, and power can be supplied to the normal load connected to another power line and the power line. Therefore, also in this case, the vehicle can be safely driven to a safe place for repair, especially when traveling at high speed.

Further preferably, the first control unit in the power distribution system of the present invention detects the short circuit by comparing the voltage of the short circuit detection layer with the reference voltage, and the detection result by the short circuit detection unit. And a cutoff unit that controls to cut off the power supply to the power line in accordance with the above.

With this configuration, the first control unit of the present invention can be easily configured, and the reference voltage to be compared with the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer is close to the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer. If set, for example, short circuit
When the voltage of the short-circuit detection layer is about to drop due to, for example, it is possible to quickly disconnect the power line in the range where the short-circuit detection layer is short and cut off the power supply, so an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs in the main line. Even if there is a risk of damage, it is possible to prevent damage before it occurs due to an abnormality such as a short circuit.

Further, preferably, at least one of the first to third control units in the power distribution system of the present invention controls to output at least an alarm when the power line is made non-conductive. Further, it is preferable that at least one of the OFF control content of the switch means and the power supply status is recorded.

With this configuration, when an abnormality such as a short-circuit occurs, the contents of the abnormality are displayed, warning lights are turned on, and an alarm such as a buzzer sound is output to quickly and surely deal with the occurrence of the abnormality. It becomes possible. Further, by recording at least the OFF control content of the switch means and outputting the OFF control content, it is possible to easily know the part in which the abnormality has occurred, and it is possible to repair it easily, quickly and accurately. Is possible. Further, it is possible to record the power supply status in addition to the OFF control content and output the power supply status as needed, which is effective during vehicle inspection or maintenance.

Further, preferably, the power line is constituted by a reinforced electric wire in which a reinforced layer is provided further on the outer peripheral side of the short-circuit detection layer arranged on the outer peripheral sides of the power supply line and the ground line and integrated. .

With this structure, since the power line is integrally formed by the reinforced electric wire, it is possible to further prevent short-circuiting due to breakage of the wire harness exterior or electric wire coating due to pinching, bending and abrasion. .

Further preferably, the power distribution system is composed of a vehicle-mounted wire harness, wherein the power distribution section is composed of an electric connection box, and the electric connection box is arranged in the vicinity of the load on the vehicle. . Further, preferably, each electric connection box in the power distribution system of the present invention is connected to various loads.

With these configurations, the present invention can be easily adapted to a vehicle-mounted system. Further, since the electric junction box is arranged in the vicinity of the load where the load on the vehicle is concentrated, a pair of power supply lines can be provided without laying out many power supply lines for each load and the power line consisting of the ground line. It is possible to connect between the electrical junction boxes only with the main power line consisting of the mains and the ground wire, and distribute and supply power from the nearest electrical junction box to the various electrical component loads. As a result, enlargement of the wire harness is prevented.

[0032]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a power distribution system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1A is an image diagram of a vehicle body showing a power supply configuration of an on-vehicle power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a power supply line showing a main line portion of FIG. 1A. It is a figure at the time of expressing with a ground wire.

1 (a) and 1 (b), the vehicle body 41 includes, for example, a front engine room 42 in which an engine and the like are mounted, and a driver's seat and passenger seats arranged behind the engine room 42. It is divided into a passenger compartment 43 including the passenger compartment 43 and a trunk room 44 arranged at a rear portion of the passenger compartment 43.

In the engine room 42, a battery 45 for supplying electric power of a predetermined voltage and an alternator 4 are provided.
6, etc. power supply unit 47 and joint box (J /
Electrical connection boxes 48, 49, etc. corresponding to B) are provided. A main line 55 connects between the electric connection boxes 48 and 49, and the electric connection box 48 includes a power supply unit 47.
Are configured to be connectable. The electric junction boxes 48 and 49 are respectively disposed at positions in front of both end portions in the vehicle width direction near positions of various load electric components such as left and right lamps, and the electric power supplied from the power supply unit 47 is supplied. A branch line consisting of a power supply line and a ground line for various load electrical components such as headlamps, tail lights, and clearance lights.
It is distributed via 4

In the passenger compartment 43, electric connection boxes 50 and 51, which are joint boxes (J / B), are arranged near the various load electrical components and at the front positions of both ends in the vehicle width direction. The electric connection box 50 is connected to the electric connection boxes 48 and 51 via a main line 55, and the electric connection box 51 is connectable to the electric connection box 49 via the main line 55. These electrical junction boxes 50, 51 are
The electric power that can be supplied from the electric connection boxes 48, 49 is further distributed to various electric component loads through a branch line 54 including a power supply line and a ground line, and is connected to various operation switches through switch signal lines.

Further, in the trunk room 44, electric connection boxes 52 and 53, which are joint boxes (J / B), are arranged in the vicinity of various load electric components at the front positions of both ends in the vehicle width direction. The electrical junction box 52 is the main line 55
Is connected to the electric connection boxes 50 and 53 via the, and the electric connection box 53 is connected to the electric connection box 51 via the main line 55. These electric connection boxes 52, 53 distribute the electric power that can be supplied from the electric connection boxes 50, 51 to various electric component loads such as a backlight through a branch line 54 including a power supply line and a ground line.

As described above, the electric connection boxes 48 to 53, which are electric power distribution sections for distributing electric power to a plurality of various loads, are arranged in the load concentration portion, and the electric connection box 48 is supplied with electric power from the power supply section 47. The electric connection boxes 49 to 53 are connected to each other via the main line 55 of at least two systems.
Power can be supplied from. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, for example, as an example of a power supply path, the power supply unit 47 to the electric connection box 48, the electric connection box 50, the electric connection box 51,
Electric power is supplied from the electric connection box 51 to the electric connection boxes 49 and 53, and then from the electric connection box 53 to the electric connection box 52.
Even if one trunk line 55 is short-circuited, if the shorted trunk line 55 is separated, the other trunk line 5
The electric power can be supplied from No. 5, and the electric power is switched so that the electric power supply path is different from the electric power supply path shown in FIG.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the main line 55 has a reinforcing (armor) layer 62 disposed inside a covering layer 61,
A short-circuit detection layer 64 is arranged inside the reinforcing (armor) layer 62 with a sheath 63 interposed therebetween, and further various electric wires are arranged inside the short-circuit detection layer 64. With these various electric wires,
Battery 45 and alternator 46 of power supply unit 47
A total of two power supply lines 56 and a ground line 57, each of which is connected to the output end of the power line, and a total of two signal lines and a ground line, which are twisted lines from operation switches and the like, which will be described later. The multiple signal line 65 and the drain line 66. The short-circuit detection layer 64 is always
A constant voltage with a limited current is applied, and a change in the constant voltage is detected to detect a short circuit.

As described above, since the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 are integrally formed by the reinforced electric wire, it is possible to further prevent short-circuiting due to breakage of wire harness exterior or electric wire coating due to pinching, bending and abrasion. It becomes possible. Further, as will be described later, the power supply line 56 is cut off by the short-circuit detection of the short-circuit detection layer 64 before it is damaged by the strong impact such as a collision accident and the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 in the reinforced main wire are damaged. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a vehicle fire due to a short circuit or the like.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of the electric junction box 48 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an electric junction box 50, 51 of FIG.
3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of FIG. The electric connection boxes 49, 52 and 53 of FIG. 1 are the same as the electric connection box 5 of FIG.
0, 51 are configured to be capable of supplying power from the three main lines 55, whereas the electrical junction boxes 49, 52, 5 of FIG.
3 is different in that power can be supplied from the two main lines 55, and the other main parts are configured in the same manner.

In FIGS. 3 and 4, the electrical junction box 48
Reference numerals 53 to 53 respectively show a switch signal detection unit 71 for detecting the switching state of the operation switch of each system, a multiplexing unit 72 for transmitting and receiving data such as the switching state of the operation switch detected by the switch signal detection unit 71, and the like.
Between the switch signal detection unit 71 and the multiplex unit 72, a control unit 73 including a central processing unit (CPU) for controlling them is arranged.

The switch signal detecting section 71 detects the switch signal from the switch unit in the electric connection box immediately adjacent to the switch unit. By the detected switch signal, the power supply to the electrical equipment load corresponding to the detected switch signal is controlled in the electric junction box near the target load via the multiplex unit 72.

The multiplex unit 72 transmits and receives various detection data between the electrical junction boxes by multiplex communication, and switches various data such as accessory mode signals, ignition mode signals, and switch signals for various loads. After being detected by the signal detection unit 71, input through the control unit 73, and then multiplex-transmitted via the multiplex communication line 65 that is an external network, or after receiving the multiplex-transmitted control signal data, through the control unit 73. A control signal is output to the connection / breaker control unit 74. For example, when the control signal is a switch signal, the supply switch control unit 75 of the load corresponding to the received switch signal is conduction-controlled.
At this time, various loads do not necessarily correspond one-to-one with the switch signal of the operation switch, and there are some loads whose operation is determined by a combination of two or more.

The electric junction boxes 48 to 53 respectively have a memory section 76 and a comparing section 77 connected to the control section 73, and a current detecting section 7 connected to the comparing section 77.
8 and a current sensor 79 such as a current transformer (CT) that is connected to the current detector 78 and detects the value of the current flowing through the power supply line serving as the branch line 54 to various loads.
And current sensors 80a to 80, which are connected to the current detection unit 78 and include a current transformer (CT) or the like that detects a current value flowing in each branch of the power supply line 56 of the main line 55.
e and current sensors 81a to 81, which are connected to the current detection unit 78 and include a current transformer (CT) or the like for detecting the value of the current flowing through each branch of the ground wire 57 of the main line 55.
and c are provided. Further, the electric connection boxes 48 to 53 are connected to the connection / breaker control unit 74 connected to the control unit 73, and are connected to the connection / breaker control unit 74, respectively, and serve as electric power as the branch line 54 to the various loads. The power supply line 56 of the main line 55, which is connected to the supply switch control unit 75 including a semiconductor switch such as a power transistor that conducts or interrupts a current to the supply line, and the connection / breaker control unit 74.
Is connected to a supply switch control unit 82 including a semiconductor switch such as a power transistor that conducts or cuts off a current to each branch of the connection unit and a connection / breaker control unit 74, and a current is supplied to a ground line 57 of a main line 55. Supply switch control unit 83 including a semiconductor switch such as a power transistor for shutting off, control unit 73, and charge / discharge sensor 8
4 is connected to the charging / discharging monitoring / control unit 85.

The memory section 76 stores in advance the current value for each electrical component load during normal operation. Further, when an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs, the supply switch control units 75, 8
The region information as the OFF control content where the power supply is stopped at 2,83 and the site information as the content of the interruption of the power supply line 56 due to the short circuit detection of the short circuit detection layer 64 are stored in the memory section of the electrical junction box related to the site. The information is stored in the memory unit 76, and when the vehicle is repaired, the memory unit 76 can output the information of the portion where the abnormality such as the short circuit occurs.

Further, the comparing section 77 outputs an abnormal signal to the control section 73 when the compared values are different, and the current sensor 7
The normality or abnormality of the wire harness is diagnosed based on the current values detected by the detection units of 9, 80, 81 and the current detection unit 78. For example, between the various loads within the electrical junction box, the detected current value flowing for each load is compared with the data value in the memory unit 76, and the power supply side to each load and the ground side from the load are compared. Comparing current values. In addition, a main line 55 between the power supply unit 47 and the electric connection box 48 and between the electric connection boxes
Then, compare the amount of power supplied to all loads connected from this electrical junction box and the amount of power supplied to other electrical junction boxes with the amount of power supplied from other electrical junction boxes, and The amount of electricity supplied to the ground wire from the junction box and the ground wire from all the loads connected to the electric junction box is compared with the amount of electricity supplied to the other electric junction boxes. These comparisons determine normal or abnormal by a match or a mismatch.

Further, the supply switch control unit 75 is controlled so as to be conductive or cut off so as to supply power to the load according to the switch signal when normal, and is cut off when power is abnormal. The supply switch control unit 82 controls on / off of the power supply line 56 between the power supply unit 47 and the electric connection box 48 and between the electric connection boxes.
The supply switch control unit 83 includes the power supply unit 47 and the electrical junction box 4.
8 controls the ON / OFF of the ground wire 57 between each electric junction box, and can always energize in a normal state and cut off the power supply only to the abnormal main line 55 in an abnormal case. These supply switch control units 75, 82,
Each of the elements 83 can be composed of a semiconductor switch such as a field effect transistor or a power transistor, or other electronic switch or relay.

The comparing section 77, to which the current detecting section 78 to which these current sensors 79 are connected, is connected, is the memory section 7.
Control unit 73 to which 6 is connected, and further connection / breaker control unit 7
The current value detected by the current sensor 79 and the current value at the normal time for the load stored in the memory unit 76 are connected to the supply switch control unit 75 via the comparison unit 77.
In the case of comparison, if there is a mismatch, an abnormal signal is output to the control unit 73 as comparison result information, and if there is a match, a normal signal is output to the control unit 73 as comparison result information. The control unit 73 connects the control signal based on the comparison result information.
The signal is output to the circuit breaker control unit 74, and the connection / circuit breaker control unit 74 controls the supply switch control unit 75 to conduct or break (ON / OFF control) according to the control signal.

Further, the current sensors 80a-80e, 81a.
The comparison unit 77 to which the current detection unit 78 to which ~ 81c is connected is connected to the switch signal detection unit 71 and the memory unit 76.
Is connected to the control unit 73 and the connection / breaker control unit 74
Is connected to the supply switch control units 82 and 83 via the, and stored in the memory unit 76 according to the current value detected by the current sensors 80a to 80e and 81a to 81c and the switching state of the operation switch by the switch signal detection unit 71. The current value for the main line 55 is compared by the comparison unit 77, and when they do not match, an abnormal signal is used as comparison result information and the control unit 73.
Further, in the case of coincidence, a normal signal is output to the control unit 73 as comparison result information. Based on the comparison result information, the control unit 73 controls the supply switch control units 82 and 83 via the connection / circuit breaker control unit 74 so as to conduct or cut off (on / off control).

Further, the control section 73 is connected to the short-circuit detection layer 64 of each trunk line 55 and to the power supply line 56 of each trunk line 55, and is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the power supply line 56. The change in the voltage of the short-circuit detection layer 64 thus generated,
The power supply line 56 having the short-circuit detection layer 64 whose voltage change is detected is controlled to be non-conductive. in this way,
FIG. 5 shows an example in which the control unit 73 performs short circuit detection and interruption control of the power line via the short circuit detection layer 64.

In FIG. 5, the 5V power source line is connected to the reference resistor 92.
Further, it is grounded via a reference resistor 93 and a capacitor 94, and the midpoint of these resistors 92, 93 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 91 and the main line 5 is connected.
5 is connected to the short-circuit detection layer 64. The 5V power supply line is grounded via a reference resistor 95, a reference resistor 96 and a capacitor 97.
The middle point of 96 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 91 and is also connected to the output terminal thereof via the positive feedback resistor 98. Further, the output terminal of the operational amplifier 91 is connected to the control unit 99. With these, the main line electric wire short circuit detection unit 10 for detecting the voltage change of the short circuit detection layer 64
0 is configured. Here, a predetermined voltage V1 voltage-divided by the reference resistors 92 and 93 is input to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier 91, and a predetermined voltage V2 voltage-divided by the reference resistors 95 and 96 is input to its non-inverting input terminal. If the reference resistors 92 and 93 and the reference resistors 95 and 96 are set so that the predetermined voltage V1> the predetermined voltage V2, the output voltage of -5V is output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier 91. However, if the predetermined voltage V1 is lowered due to a short circuit or the like and the predetermined voltage V1 <the predetermined voltage V2, the output voltage of + 5V is output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier 91, and the control unit 99 Short circuit detection layer 64
It is possible to detect the voltage change of the. Further, since the positive feedback resistor 98 is further configured to perform positive feedback via the parallel circuit of the reference resistor 96 and the capacitor 97, a square wave with an output voltage of + 5V or -5V is output from the output terminal of the operational amplifier 91. become. Therefore, if the reference predetermined voltage V2 to be compared with the predetermined voltage V1 applied to the short-circuit detection layer 64 is set to a voltage value close to the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer 64, the predetermined voltage V1 will be reduced due to a short circuit or the like. When the voltage starts to drop and the predetermined voltage V1 <the predetermined voltage V2, the output voltage of + 5V rises rapidly from the output terminal of the operational amplifier 91, and detection becomes possible.

The output terminal of the control unit 99 is grounded via the reference resistors 101 and 102, the midpoint of these reference resistors 101 and 102 is connected to the base of the transistor 103, and the collector thereof is connected. The field effect transistor 105 is connected to the power supply unit 47 and the source of the field effect transistor 105 via the resistor 104.
Of the transistor 103, and the emitter of the transistor 103 is grounded. The drain of the field effect transistor 105 is connected to the power supply line 56 of the main line 55. The blocking unit 106 is configured by these, and the transistor 1 is controlled by the output from the control unit 99.
The gate potential of the field effect transistor 105 is set to about 0 potential via 03, and the field effect transistor 105 is turned off to make the power supply line 56 non-conductive. During normal operation, the power supply voltage is applied to the gate of the field effect transistor 105 via the resistor 104, and the field effect transistor 105 is turned on to supply power to the power supply line 56 of the main line 55.

Further, the control section 99 is connected to an alarm section (not shown) and also to the memory section 76, and when the power supply line 56 is cut off from its output end so as to be non-conductive, for example, a buzzer is output. The alarm is output via an alarm unit such as a lamp and a display unit, and the alarm content is controlled to be input to the memory unit 76.

Further, the above-mentioned trunk line electric wire short circuit detection unit 10
0, the control unit 99, and the shutoff unit 106 can easily configure the first control unit, but the first control unit is configured for the nearest trunk line 55, for example, the electrical junction box 48. The main line 55 between the short circuit detection layer 64 and the short circuit detection layer 64 is provided in the control units 73 in the electric junction boxes 48 and 50, respectively.
When the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer 64 changes, such as when a short circuit occurs, the main line 55 can be cut off from both sides of the electric junction box 48 side and the electric junction box 50 side. At this time,
In the electric connection box 50, for example, the electric connection boxes 48, 5
The change in the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer 64 with respect to the main line 55 between 0 is also monitored. In this case, the 5V power supply line in FIG.
The trunk line 55 between the electric junction boxes 48 and 50 on the input side that is being supplied with power, and the trunk line 55 between the electric junction boxes 50 and 51 on the output side is detected by detecting a change in the voltage applied to the short circuit detection layer 64. The power supply line 56 of 55 is controlled to be cut off.

With the above configuration, the operation will be described below. In order to simplify the description, the operation of the electric junction box 50 will be described together with the operation of the electric junction box 48.

FIG. 6 is an operation flow chart for explaining the operation of the electric connection box 50 of FIG. 4 together with the operation of the electric connection box 48.

As shown in FIG. 6, the normal power supply (S
1 to S6), current value detection (S11 to S19) for each main line portion and load, and current value monitoring (S21 to S24) by comparing the current value detection results are performed to detect an abnormality such as a short circuit. Only the main line portion and the load where the abnormality has occurred are blocked (S31 to S38). As a result, even if the power supply is cut off by the protection circuit, another normal electrical component system can be driven. The details will be described below.

In FIGS. 1 to 6, first, in the case of normal power supply (S1 to S6), the electric connection box 48, which is a joint box (J / B), is connected from the power supply unit 47 through the main line 55. Power is supplied (S1), and power is supplied from the electric connection box 48 to the electric connection box 50, which is a joint box (J / B), via the trunk line 55 (S2). In each of the electric junction boxes 48 and 50, power is distributed from the power supply line 56 of the main line 55 to various loads through the power supply line serving as the branch line 54 (S3). Further, in each of these electric junction boxes 48 and 50, the electric power distributed and supplied for each load is driven by each load and then integrated by the earth line 57 of the main line 55 via the earth line as the branch line 54. It flows out (S4).

At this time, in each electric connection box 48, 50, the switch information is detected by the switch signal detecting section 61, or the operation switch is operated based on the switch information sent from another electric connection box by multiplex communication. The switch signal indicating the switching state is detected (S5), and the control unit 73
Further, through the connection / breaker control unit 74, supply switch control is performed so as to connect or disconnect the supply switch control unit 75 of the load corresponding to the switch signal,
The detected switch signal is transmitted via the control unit 73 and the multiplex unit 72 to the multiplex communication line 6 which is an external network.
5, or after receiving the switch signal that has been multi-transmitted, outputs a control signal to the connection / breaker control unit 74 via the control unit 73, and controls the supply switch of the load corresponding to the received switch signal. Supply switch control (S6) is performed so as to connect or disconnect the portion 75. In this way, the supply switch control (S6) is performed based on the detection of the switch signal (S5), and the vehicle is driven in the target switch state.

Next, the current detection (S
11 to S19), in the electric connection box 48, the current sensor 79 of the power supply line serving as the branch line 54 to each load detects the amount of current supply for each load, and at the same time, detects each current from each load. For each ground wire as the branch line 54, each current sensor 79 detects the ground current amount for each load, and also detects the total current supply amount and the total ground current amount in the electrical junction box 48. Further, the current sensors 80a and 80b respectively detect the amount of current supply to the main line section from the electric connection box 48 to the electric connection boxes 49 and 50, and the electrical connection is made. For each branch portion of the ground wire 57 of the main line 55 from inside the boxes 49, 50, the respective current sensors 81a to 81c detect the respective main line ground current amounts. In FIG. 6, in S11, the current sensors 80a at the branches of the power supply line 56 of the main line 55 from the electric junction box 48 to the electric junction box 50 detect the amount of each main line current supply, and in S12, the electric connection is performed. Box 50
The current sensor 81a at the branch portion of the ground wire 57 of the electric junction box 48 returning from the inside detects the amount of ground current of each main line portion.

In the electric junction box 50, the current sensor 79 of the power supply line serving as the branch line 54 for each load detects each current supply amount for each load (S13), and the branch line for each load is also detected. An earth wire current sensor 79 as 54 detects each earth current amount for each load (S
14) And, the total current supply amount for each load is added to detect the total current supply amount in the electric junction box 50 (S15), and the total ground current amount for each load is added for the total earth current. The amount is detected (S16). Further, the respective current sensors 80a to 80c detect the amount of current supply to each main line portion for each branch of the power supply line 56 of the main line 55 from the electric connection box 50 to the electric connection boxes 48, 51 and 52 (S1).
7) together with the electric connection box 50 to the electric connection boxes 48, 5
For each branch portion of the ground wire 57 of the trunk line 55 to 1, 52, the respective current sensors 81a to 81c detect the respective trunk line ground current amounts (S18).

Further, in each of the electrical junction boxes 48 and 50, the detection of the switch signal by the switch signal detection unit 61 causes the control unit 73 to store the current value required for various loads in the switch state of the detected switch signal. It can be obtained from the normal data value for each load in the unit 64 (S19).

Next, in the case of monitoring the current value (S21 to S24) by comparing the current value detection results, in the electric junction boxes 48 and 50, as described above, the current sensor 79 of each current sensor 79 is measured. Current detector 7 based on current data
The current supply amount for each load is detected at 8, and the current supply amount for each load and the normal current supply value for each load in the memory unit 76 are compared by the comparison unit 77 to be in agreement. Alternatively, the current value for each load is monitored by detecting a mismatch (S21). In addition, from the data of the current sensor 80a at the main branch portion to the electric connection box 50 on the electric junction box 48 side and the data of the current sensors 80b and 80c on the electric junction box 50 side, the current detection unit 78 on the electric junction box 50 side is obtained. Detects the amount of current supplied to the main line of each branch of the main line 55, and compares the total amount of current supplied to the main line of each branch with the total amount of current supplied to various loads of the electrical junction box 50. By comparing in 77 to detect a match or a mismatch (S22), the electrical junction box 4
Power supply line 56 between 8 and 50 and its power supply line 5
The current value between each branch of 6 and the distribution section that is distributed to various loads is monitored. At this time, the amount of power flowing into the branch point of the power supply line 56 on the side of the electric junction box 50 and the amount of power flowing out from the branch point are equal, so that the side where the current flows into the data is +, and the side where the current flows is −. As a result, it is possible to compare these + side and − side for a match or a mismatch. When the current value of each power supply line 56 is determined to be abnormal, it is determined from the data of the current sensors 80a and 80a at both ends of the power supply line 56 between the electric junction boxes 48 and 50 that the current detection unit 78 is present. The main unit current supply amount for each branch of the power supply line 56 is detected by, and the main unit current supply amounts at both ends of the main line 55 are compared by the comparison unit 77 to detect a match or a non-match. It is possible to determine whether or not there is an abnormality such as a short circuit in the power supply line 56 between the connection boxes 48 and 50. Further, from the data of the current sensors 80a to 80c on the side of the electric junction box 50, the current detection unit 78 on the side of the electric junction box 50 detects the amount of main line current supply for each branch of the power supply line 56, and the branching is performed. Each branch of the power supply line 56 is detected by comparing in the comparison unit 77 the total amount of current supplied to the main line of each unit and the total amount of current supplied to various loads of the electrical junction box 50 and detecting a match or mismatch. It is possible to determine whether or not there is an abnormality between the unit and the distribution unit that is distributed to various loads. In this way, the abnormal portion can be narrowed down and specified.

Similarly, on the ground side, in the electric junction boxes 48 and 50, as described above, from the current data of the current sensors 79 on the ground side, the current detector 78 detects the ground current for each load. The amount of current is detected, and the current amount of ground current is compared with the amount of power supply current for each load detected in S13 by the comparison unit 77 to detect a match or mismatch (S23). The current value of is monitored. Further, the data of the current sensor 81a provided at the branch portion of the ground wire 57 from the electric connection box 50 on the electric connection box 48 side and the ground wire 5 on the electric connection box 50 side.
The current detecting unit 78 detects the amount of the main earth ground current for each branch of the main line 55 from the data of the respective current sensors 81b and 81c provided in the seven branch parts, and the total main earth ground current for each branch The main line 5 between the electric connection boxes 48 and 50 is detected by comparing the total amount of the electric currents of the various loads of the electric connection box 50 with the comparison unit 77 (S24).
The current value between the ground wire 57 of No. 5 and the integrated portion of various loads and each branch portion of the ground wire 57 of the trunk line 55 is monitored. At this time, the amount of power flowing into the branch point of the ground wire 57 on the side of the electrical junction box 50 and the amount of power flowing out from the branch point are equal, so that the side where the current flows into the data is +, and the side where the current flows out is appropriately −. These positive and negative side matches or mismatches can be compared. further,
When it is determined that the current value of each ground wire 57 is abnormal, each current sensor 81 at each end of the ground wire 57 is detected.
From the data of a and 81a, the current detecting unit 78 detects the amount of the main line earth current of the earth line 57, and the earth line 57 is detected.
By comparing the amount of ground current of each main line portion at both ends of the comparison unit 77 to detect a match or a mismatch, the electric junction box 48,
It is possible to determine whether or not there is an abnormality such as a short-circuit in the ground wire 57 between the 50. Further, from the data of the current sensors 81a to 81c on the side of the electric junction box 50, the current detecting unit 78 on the side of the electric junction box 50 detects the amount of the main line earth current for each branch portion of the earth line 57, and the branch portions. The comparison unit 77 compares the total amount of ground current for each main line and the total amount of ground current returned from various loads for each electrical junction box 50, and detects a match or mismatch, thereby integrating the various loads and its main line. It is possible to judge whether or not there is an abnormality in the current value between each branch of the ground wire 57 of 55. In this way, the abnormal portion can be narrowed down and specified.

Further, a constant voltage is always applied to the short-circuit detection layer 64 on the outer peripheral side of the power supply line 56 of the main line 55 and the earth line 57, and the operational amplifier in the control section 73 is always applied with the current being limited. Reference numeral 91 constantly monitors and compares the predetermined voltage V1 of the short-circuit detection layer 64 of each main line 55 with a reference predetermined voltage V2. When the main line 55 is in a normal state where there is no damage such as a short-circuit, the short-circuit detection layer is detected. 64 predetermined voltage V1> reference predetermined voltage V2. At this time, it is not output from the control unit 99 and the transistor 10
3 is off, + B voltage is applied to the gate of the field effect transistor 105 from the power supply unit 47 through the resistor 104, the field effect transistor 105 is turned on, and the power supply line 56 is conductive ( S25).

Next, when an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs in the trunk line 55, in the operational amplifier 91 in the control unit 73, the voltage V1 of the short circuit detection layer 64 of each trunk line 55 decreases, and the voltage V1 of the short circuit detection layer 64 <1. When the reference voltage V2 is reached, the control unit 99 outputs a cutoff signal, and the transistor 103 is turned on. This transistor 10
3 is in the ON state, the gate of the field-effect transistor 105 receives no voltage from the power supply unit 47, and the potential of the field-effect transistor 105 becomes substantially 0. Therefore, the field-effect transistor 105 is turned off. The power supply line 56 of the main line 55 having 64 and the power supply unit 47 are separated by the field effect transistor 105, and the power supply of only this power supply line 56 is cut off (S41). At this time, at the same time, a warning lamp, a warning buzzer and the like are displayed together with the interruption of the power supply to warn the driver of that (S
42).

After that, when power can be supplied to the electric junction box 50 by another circuit, another supply switch control unit 8
The trunk route is switched to another trunk route so that the electric connection boxes 2 and 83 are electrically connected to each other (S45), and a warning lamp, a warning buzzer, and the like are displayed to warn the driver ( S46). Further, when power cannot be supplied to the electric junction box 50 by another circuit, the other supply switch control units 82 and 83 are controlled to be shut off (S47), and a warning lamp, a warning buzzer, etc. At the same time, the power-off is displayed to warn the driver to that effect (S48).

Further, when the abnormality or the power supply line connected to the load is cut off (S31, S32) when an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs, the power supply connected to various loads due to deterioration or the like is supplied. When a short circuit occurs in the line, an overcurrent flows in the shorted power supply line, each current sensor 79 corresponding to the load of the electric junction box 50 detects a large current value, and the above S21 and S2.
If any of the three comparisons do not match, the control unit 56 cuts off only the short-circuited portion to the supply switch control unit 75 near the current sensor 79 via the connection / breaker control unit 74. To control. by this,
Only the load in which a short circuit has occurred and the power supply line connected to that load will be cut off (S31), and a warning lamp, warning buzzer, etc. will be displayed to warn the driver by displaying the abnormal main line portion (S32). ).

Further, in the case of shutting off only the main line portion in which an abnormality has occurred when an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs (S43 to S48),
For example, as shown in FIG. 7, due to a shock such as a traffic accident,
For example, when the power supply line 56 of the main line 55 between the electric junction boxes 48 and 50 is damaged, and the conductor of the wire of the wire harness comes into contact with an external conductor, for example, a short circuit occurs and an overcurrent occurs, Current sensors 80a, 80a at both ends of the power supply line 56 between the electric junction boxes 48, 50
Respectively detect the respective current values and monitor whether they match or do not match. When the detected current values from both current sensors 80a and 80a do not match, the control unit 56 causes the connection / breaker control unit 74 to
It controls so that the abnormal circuit between each supply switch control part 82 and 82 on the both ends is cut off. As a result, the short-circuited power supply line 56 is connected to the electrical junction boxes 49, 5
It will be separated from both sides of 0 (S4
Along with 3), a warning lamp, a warning buzzer, etc. are displayed together with the abnormal main line portion to warn the driver (S44).

Or, similarly, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, when an electric connection box 48,
If the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 of the main line 55 between the 50 are damaged and the conductors of the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 of the wire harness come into contact with other conductors to cause a short circuit, + Current flows from the middle of the earth line 57 of the main line 55, and the electric junction boxes 48, 50
Current sensors 80a, 80a and current sensors 81a, 81a at both ends of the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 between
Respectively detect the respective current values and monitor whether they match or do not match. When the detected current values from the respective current sensors 80a, 80a and the current sensors 81a, 81a do not match, the control unit 56 causes the connection / breaker control unit 74 to control the supply switches at both ends thereof. Between control units 82 and each supply switch control unit 8
It controls so that each abnormal circuit between 3 is cut off respectively.
As a result, the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 of the main line 55 in which the short circuit has occurred are separated from both sides between the electric junction boxes 48 and 50 (S43), and an abnormality occurs along with a warning lamp and a warning buzzer. The main line part is displayed to warn the driver (S44).

After that, when electric power can be supplied to the electric connection box 50 by another circuit, the main path is changed so that the other supply switch control units 82 and 83 are electrically connected to the electric connection box 51 side. While switching to the main route (S45),
A warning lamp, a warning buzzer, etc. are displayed together with the main line switching to warn the driver (S46). When it is impossible to supply power to the electric junction box 50 by another circuit,
All the other supply switch control units 82 and 83 are controlled to be shut off (S47), and the power is shut off together with a warning lamp, a warning buzzer, etc. to warn the driver to that effect (S48). .

Therefore, power can be supplied from the power supply unit 47 to the electric connection box 50, for example, from the electric connection box 48 via the electric connection box 49 and the electric connection box 51, and at the same time, the electric connection box can be received. It is possible to selectively switch one of the two main routes that can receive power directly from 48 to supply power. Further, power can be supplied from the power supply unit 47 to the electric connection box 52, for example, from the electric connection box 48, the electric connection box 49, the electric connection box 51, and the electric connection box 53. Also, as another path, electric power can be supplied from the electric junction box 48 through the electric junction box 50, and at least two of these main routes are selectively used to disconnect the abnormal main line 55. Power can be supplied by switching to.

At this time, the voltage change of the short-circuit detection layer 64 arranged on the outer peripheral side of the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 is detected by the main wire short-circuit detection unit 100, and this short-circuit detection is detected. Since the power supply line 56 having the layer 64 is made non-conductive by the cutoff unit 106 via the control unit 99, even if there is a risk that an abnormality such as a short circuit will occur in the main line 55 with a simple configuration, the power supply line 56 Before the short circuit detection layer 64 is reached before the 56 and the ground wire 57 reach an abnormality such as a short circuit.
The short circuit is detected by the voltage change, and the problem can be prevented before the problem such as running due to short circuit occurs. If the route in which the short circuit is detected is blocked and the driver is warned of that fact, and there is no problem even if the vehicle runs, another route of the two main routes that passes through the electrical junction boxes 49, 51. Can form a supply line.

Further, for example, when a short circuit occurs in the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 in the main line 55 between the electric junction boxes 48, 50, the important electric component load necessary for running the vehicle is connected in particular. It is a supply line to the electric junction box 50 that is present, and when this route is cut off and the driver is warned that there is no problem even if the vehicle runs, the electric junction box 49 of the two main routes , 51 can be used to form the supply line through another route. The power supply to the electric connection box 52 in these cases is also the electric connection box 4
This is done via 9, 51, 53. As a result, even if the power supply by the protection circuit is cut off, it is possible to easily drive the normal electrical component system on the downstream side.

That is, even if an abnormality such as a short-circuit occurs in the supply line to the electric junction box 50 to which an important circuit necessary for traveling of the vehicle is connected, the supply line in which the abnormality has occurred is shut off. In addition to disconnection, it is possible to switch to power supply by a separate supply line, so the vehicle can be moved to a safe place for the time being.

Further, since the power supply is controlled by monitoring the supply current and its operation for each load, it is possible to stop the power supply only to the load and the part where the abnormality occurs, which is a sacrifice in the past. It is possible to drive other normal electrical component system which has been set to. Also, since the load current is controlled individually by controlling the load current amount and the supply switch control section of the electrical equipment, the load operation is controlled only when it is necessary to operate the vehicle and vehicle electrical equipment. It is possible to control so as to supply the amount of electric power, and even if an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs, it is possible to prevent the inconvenience that the unnecessary short-circuited electric power flows to the shorted portion.

Further, since the record of the abnormal portion can be easily taken out from the memory portion 64, the abnormal portion can be easily discriminated and the repair man-hour can be greatly reduced.

In this embodiment, the electric connection box 4
8 is supplied with power from the power supply unit 47, and the electric connection box 4
Each of 9 to 53 is configured to be supplied with electric power from the electrical junction box 48 via any one of at least two main lines 55, but an electrical junction box connected to an electrical component load necessary for traveling of the vehicle. The power supply line may be configured so as to secure at least two paths only for the power supply line of the main line portion to the. In this case, only the important electrical connection box connected to the electrical component load necessary for traveling of the vehicle, even if the power supply by one power supply line is interrupted, through the other power supply line that remains. It becomes possible to supply electric power, and it is possible to supply electric power also to a normal electrical component system on the downstream side.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case of a short circuit is described in particular. However, regarding the disconnection or the load abnormality other than the short circuit, the abnormal main line portion or the abnormal load can be cut off as in the case of the short circuit. The details of the abnormality can be stored in the memory unit 64.
In this case, a switch signal is detected in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment, and power is supplied to the load in accordance with the switch signal, but a current is supplied to the power supply line and the ground line for each load. When the current sensor 67 detects that the current does not flow, the load or the power supply line and the ground line of the load is disconnected or has an abnormality in the load (other than short circuit), or the upstream disconnection or the load is abnormal (short circuit). Other than the above), the driver is warned of the details and location of the abnormality, and the power supply to only the load in which the abnormality has occurred and the power supply line connected to the load is stopped. Further, the current sensors 80a to 80c and 81a to 81c are individually monitored for the amount of current flowing through the power supply line 56 and the ground line 57 of the main line 55 in each electric junction box, and the supply switch control units 82 and 83 are turned on. The current sensor 8 and the current closed circuit is formed.
When a current does not flow in any of 0a to 80c and 81a to 81c, it is determined that the power supply line 56 or the ground line 57 of the main line 55 where the current does not flow is a disconnection or a load abnormality (other than short circuit). The driver is warned of the details of the abnormality and the location of the abnormality, and the power supply to the power supply line 56 or the ground line 57 of the main line 55 in which the abnormality has occurred is stopped and the power is supplied through another route. The above-mentioned abnormality content is stored in the memory unit 76 in the electrical junction box.
When the short-circuit detection layer 64 is broken, for example, the main line 55 between the electric connection boxes 48 and 50 will be described. In the control unit 73 in the electric connection box 48, the short-circuit detection layer 64 is provided.
No change in voltage is detected, but the voltage of the short-circuit detection layer 64 in the control unit 73 in the electrical junction box 50 becomes approximately 0 potential. In this case, it is determined that the short circuit detection layer 64 is broken, and the main line 55 is inserted from both sides of the electric junction box 48 side and the electric junction box 50 side.
Can be cut off.

Further, in this embodiment, the current sensor 79, the current sensors 80a-80e and the current sensor 81 are used.
Although it has been stated that a to 81c are configured by current transformers (CT) and the like, other than current transformers (CT), heat detection members such as thermocouples and thermistors, shunt resistors and Hall elements are used as members for detecting the current value. is there.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, a reinforcing (armor) layer 62 and a sheath 63 are provided inside the coating layer 61.
Further, a short-circuit detection layer 64 is provided, and the short-circuit detection layer 64 is provided.
Although the power supply line 56, the ground line 57, the multiple signal line 65, and the drain line 66 were disposed inside the
In addition to the above, the shield member 110 and the 5V power supply line 11 for ECU are provided inside the short-circuit detection layer 64 as shown in FIG.
1 may be provided. 5V power line 1 for this ECU
Reference numeral 11 is connected to the output end of a voltage conversion means for converting the voltage from the battery 45 and the alternator 46 into a predetermined voltage to supply a noiseless stabilized voltage. It is noise resistant. In this case, for example, if the voltage converting means is provided in the electric connection box 51, the shield member 110 and the ECU 5V power supply line 111 may be arranged in the main line 55 between the electric connection boxes 51 and 53.
It is possible to supply, for example, a clean power of 5V without noise to a control unit (ECU) located near the electric junction boxes 51 and 53.

[0083]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer is lowered due to, for example, a short circuit, a power line in a range where the short-circuited short-circuit detection layer exists is provided. Since the power supply is cut off due to non-conduction, even if there is a danger of an abnormality such as a short circuit occurring in the main line, problems due to an abnormality such as a short circuit can be prevented in advance. Power is selectively supplied from one of the two power lines, and the switch means at both ends of the two power lines is turned on / off according to the output value from the detection unit. When an abnormality occurs, the power line between the power distribution units in which the abnormality has occurred can be controlled so as to be separated by the switch means of the branch portions at both ends thereof.
It is possible to supply power to other power distribution units via one of the other power lines of the system, and to supply power to a normal electrical component system, which has been a sacrifice in the past. The vehicle can be safely driven to a safe place for repair, such as when traveling. Further, since the switching means provided on the power line for each load is controlled to be turned on and off according to the output value from the current detection unit for each load, for example, when an abnormality occurs in any of the loads, the abnormality is detected. Only the power line connected to the generated load can be separated by the switch means, and power can be supplied to the normal load connected to another power line.

In the first control section, if the reference voltage to be compared with the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer is set near the voltage applied to the short-circuit detection layer, for example, due to a short circuit (short circuit), When the voltage of the short-circuit detection layer is about to drop, the short-circuit detection layer can quickly disconnect the power line in a certain range to shut off the power supply, resulting in the risk of an abnormality such as a short-circuit in the main line. However, it is possible to prevent damage due to a short circuit or the like before the problem due to an abnormality such as a short circuit is reached.

Furthermore, when an abnormality such as a short-circuit occurs, the contents of the abnormality are displayed, warning lights are turned on, and an alarm such as a buzzer sound is output, so that the occurrence of the abnormality can be dealt with quickly and surely. it can.

Furthermore, since the power line is integrated with the reinforced electric wire, it is possible to further prevent a short circuit due to damage to the exterior of the wire harness or the electric wire coating due to pinching, bending and abrasion.

Furthermore, the present invention can be easily adapted to a vehicle-mounted system. Also, since the electric junction box is arranged in the vicinity of the load on the vehicle where the load concentrates,
Without connecting many power supply lines and ground lines for each load, connect each electric connection box with only one main power line consisting of a pair of power supply line and earth line, and connect the nearest electric connection box. From this, electric power can be distributed and supplied to various electric component loads, wire-saving of the wire harness can be achieved, and enlargement of the wire harness can be prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 (a) is a vehicle body image diagram showing a power supply configuration of an in-vehicle power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 (b) shows a main line portion of (a) by a power supply line and a ground line. FIG.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view showing a cross-sectional structure of a main line 55 of FIG.

3 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of an electric junction box 48 of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an internal configuration of electrical junction boxes 50, 51 of FIG.

5 is a circuit diagram showing a specific configuration of short-circuit detection and interruption control by a short-circuit detection layer in the control unit 73 of FIG.

6 is an electrical connection box 48 of FIG. 3 and an electrical connection box 50 of FIG.
5 is an operation flow chart for explaining the operation of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a vehicle body image diagram showing a case where a vehicle equipped with the power distribution system according to the present embodiment has an abnormality in a main line 55 due to a shock such as a traffic accident.

8 is an enlarged view showing another example of the cross-sectional configuration of the main line 55 in FIG.

FIG. 9 is a vehicle body image diagram showing a power supply configuration of a conventional vehicle-mounted power distribution system.

FIG. 10 is a vehicle body image diagram showing a power supply configuration of a vehicle-mounted power distribution system that the present inventors are studying.

[Explanation of symbols]

45 battery 46 Alternator 47 power supply 48-53 Electric connection box 54 branch lines 55 main line 56 power supply line 57 ground wire 62 Strengthening (armor) layer 64 Short-circuit detection layer 71 Switch signal detector 72 multiple units 73 Control unit 74 Connection / Breaker Control Unit 76 memory 77 Comparison Department 78 Current detector 79, 80a to 80e, 81a to 81c Current sensor 75, 82, 83 Supply switch control unit 84 Charge / Discharge sensor 85 Charge / Discharge Monitor / Control Unit 91 operational amplifier 92, 93, 95, 96, 101, 102 Reference resistance 98 Positive feedback resistor 99 control unit 100 Main line electric wire short circuit detection unit 103 transistor 105 Field effect transistor 106 Blocking unit 110 Shield member 5V power line for 111 ECU

Front page continued (72) Inventor Hideaki Toyama 1-7-10 Kikuzumi, Minami-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Harness Research Institute Ltd. (72) Inventor Motonori Kido 1-7, Kikuzumi, Minami-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi No. 10 Harness Institute of Technology Research Co., Ltd. (56) Reference Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-64361 (JP, A) Actual Development 1-102776 (JP, U) International Publication 96/026570 (WO, A1) (58) Survey Areas (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) H02J 1/00 B60R 16/02

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] 1. A plurality of power distribution units for distributing power to a plurality of various loads are provided, and a power supply unit is connected to at least one of the plurality of power distribution units,
A power distribution system in which each of the plurality of power distribution units can supply power through at least two power lines, and the power distribution unit detects a voltage change in a short-circuit detection layer disposed on an outer peripheral side of the power line. A first control unit that makes the power line having the short-circuit detection layer in which the voltage change is detected non-conductive,
A plurality of detection units that respectively detect the current amounts of the power lines of at least two systems, a plurality of switch units that turn on and off the conduction of the power lines of at least two systems, and an abnormality among output values from the plurality of detection units. A power distribution system, comprising: a second control unit that controls a switch unit corresponding to a detection unit that detects a value to make a power line in which the abnormal value is detected non-conductive. 2. A power distribution system in which each of the plurality of power distribution units is supplied with power from one power line of at least two power lines, the at least two power distribution systems.
Among the power lines of a certain power supply route of the system, switching control is performed to a power supply route of one system that does not include a power line that is made non-conductive by at least one of the first control unit and the second control unit. Item 1. The power distribution system according to item 1 . 3. A plurality of power distribution units that distribute power to a plurality of various loads are provided, a power supply unit is connected to at least one of the plurality of power distribution units, and the plurality of power distribution units are connected. In a power distribution system in which the distribution units are each supplied with power by a power line, the power distribution unit detects a voltage change in a short-circuit detection layer disposed on the outer peripheral side of the power line, and the voltage change is detected as a short circuit. A first control unit that makes a power line having a detection layer non-conductive, a plurality of detection units that respectively detect an amount of current for each power line that supplies power to each of the plurality of various loads, and a plurality of each of the various loads. The plurality of switch means for turning on / off the conduction of each power line for supplying electric power and the switch means corresponding to the detection unit that has detected an abnormal value among the output values from the plurality of detection units are controlled to control the difference. A power distribution system, comprising: a third control unit that makes a power line whose normal value is detected non-conductive. 4. The first control unit compares a voltage of the short circuit detection layer with a reference voltage to detect a short circuit, and a power to the power line according to a detection result of the short circuit detection unit. power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it comprises a blocking section for controlling to shut off the supply. 5. At least one of the first to third control unit according to claim 1-4, characterized in that a configuration for controlling so as to output an alarm to the power line when nonconductive The power distribution system according to any one of the above. 6. The power line is composed of a reinforced electric wire in which a reinforced layer is provided further on the outer peripheral side of the short-circuit detection layer arranged on the outer peripheral sides of the power supply line and the ground line, and is integrated. power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized. 7. A power distribution system composed of a vehicle-mounted wire harness, wherein the power distribution unit is composed of an electric connection box, and the electric connection box is disposed in a vicinity of a load on the vehicle, power distribution system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it is connected to distribute the various loads per connection box.