JP3498841B2 - Low-temperature firing solidification method of kaolin powder - Google Patents
Low-temperature firing solidification method of kaolin powderInfo
- Publication number
- JP3498841B2 JP3498841B2 JP2000241922A JP2000241922A JP3498841B2 JP 3498841 B2 JP3498841 B2 JP 3498841B2 JP 2000241922 A JP2000241922 A JP 2000241922A JP 2000241922 A JP2000241922 A JP 2000241922A JP 3498841 B2 JP3498841 B2 JP 3498841B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- molded body
- producing
- strength
- kaolin powder
- kaolin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、カオリン質粉体を
用いて建築材料として有用な耐水性と強度を有する成形
体材料を製造する方法に関するものであり、更に詳しく
は、本発明は、低温焼成で耐水性と強度を有した材料が
得られるという利点を持ち、また、主原料であるカオリ
ン質粉体として、瀬戸地方の粘土キラ（粘土原鉱から、
窯業原料である粘土及び珪砂を取り除いた後の不要部
分）等の粘土系廃棄物も利用できる上に、水ガラス以外
の薬品等の添加が必要ないため、省エネルギーや環境負
荷軽減の観点からも、既存のタイル等の建築材料に優る
建築材料等として有用な新規な材料及びその製造方法等
に関するものである。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a molded body material having water resistance and strength, which is useful as a building material, by using kaolin powder, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a low temperature It has the advantage that a material with water resistance and strength can be obtained by firing, and as the main raw material kaolin powder, clay Kira from the Seto region (from clay ore,
From the viewpoint of energy saving and environmental load reduction, it is possible to use clay-based wastes such as unnecessary parts after removing clay and silica sand, which are ceramic raw materials), and to add chemicals other than water glass. The present invention relates to a novel material useful as a building material superior to existing building materials such as tiles, a manufacturing method thereof, and the like.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】水ガラスによるカオリン質粉体の固化に
ついては、以前より数多く行なわれてきたが、それら
は、材料を固化するために、カオリン質粉体を一旦８０
０℃程度で仮焼する工程や、もしくは反応促進剤として
石膏、珪弗化ナトリウム、高炉スラグ等の特別な薬品等
の添加を行っている。また、これらは、固化に関して水
和反応を利用しているために、成形方法としては、流し
込み成形という形をとっている（引用文献：第９回国際
セメント化学会議議事録、第４巻、６７１−６７７頁、
１９９２、同第５巻、５０５−５１１頁、セラミックト
ランザクション、４０巻、２４７−２５６、１９９４
年、特開平８−３０１６３８）。2. Description of the Related Art The solidification of kaolin powder with water glass has been carried out for a long time.
A step of calcination at about 0 ° C. or addition of special chemicals such as gypsum, sodium silicofluoride and blast furnace slag as a reaction accelerator is performed. In addition, since these utilize a hydration reaction for solidification, they take the form of casting as a molding method (cited document: Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Cement Chemistry, Volume 4, 671). -677 pages,
1992, Vol. 5, pp. 505-511, Ceramic Transaction, Vol. 40, 247-256, 1994.
Year, JP-A-8-301638).
【０００３】従来、カオリン質粉体を水ガラスを用いて
低温で固化するためには、反応を促進させる目的で８０
０℃前後の温度でカオリン質粉体を一旦仮焼しなければ
ならなかった。また、反応促進剤として珪弗化ナトリウ
ムや無水珪酸等の特別な薬品を添加している。また、常
温で固化する場合には、反応促進剤として高炉水砕スラ
グが用いられているが、これは、重金属等の溶出等も考
えられるため、環境的に不安な面を残している。これら
の従来の技術は、上述したように、流し込みによって成
形を行っているため、水分率等の関係から成形体に対し
てキレ・反り等の不安を抱えている。また、成形体を固
化させるためにかなりの日数を有するもの多く、生産性
に関しても問題があった。Conventionally, in order to solidify kaolin powder using water glass at a low temperature, 80
The kaolin powder had to be once calcined at a temperature around 0 ° C. In addition, special chemicals such as sodium silicofluoride and silicic acid anhydride are added as reaction accelerators. Further, when solidified at room temperature, granulated blast furnace slag is used as a reaction accelerator, but this may leave an environmentally uncertain aspect because elution of heavy metals and the like may occur. As described above, since these conventional techniques perform molding by pouring, there is a concern that the molded product will be cracked or warped due to the moisture content or the like. Further, many of them have a considerable number of days for solidifying the molded body, and there is a problem in productivity.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】このような状況の中
で、本発明者らは、上記従来技術に鑑みて、カオリン質
粉体を用いて、低エネルギー、環境への安全性、生産性
の向上などの諸要件を満たすことが可能な新しいカオリ
ン質粉体の低温焼成固化方法を開発することを目標とし
て鋭意検討を積み重ねた結果、カオリン質粉体に水ガラ
スを固化剤として混合すること、カオリン質粉体と水ガ
ラスをプレス成形によって成形した後、３５０℃以上５
００℃以下の低温焼成を行なうことにより所期の目的を
達成し得ることを見出し、更に研究を重ねて、本発明を
完成するに至った。本発明は、カオリン質粉体を用いて
建築材料として有用な耐水性と強度を有する成形体から
成る材料を３５０〜５００℃の低温焼成で製造する方法
を提供することを目的とするものである。また、本発明
は、カオリン質粉体と水ガラス以外に特別な薬品等の添
加をしないことを特徴とする、環境性、安全性に優れた
成形体材料の製造方法を提供することを目的とするもの
である。また、本発明は、キレ・反り等の問題がなく、
短時間で大量生産することを可能とする上記成形体材料
の製造方法を提供することを目的とするものである。更
に、本発明は、建築材料等に利用するべく、耐水性・強
度を有した材料を、低エネルギー・安全性等の面で環境
負荷を低減し、及び成形性・生産性を向上させて、製造
する方法を提供することを目的とするものである。Under such circumstances, the present inventors have taken into consideration the above-mentioned prior art and, by using kaolin powder, have low energy, environmental safety, and productivity. As a result of intensive studies aimed at developing a new low-temperature calcination solidification method for kaolin powder that can meet various requirements such as improvement, mixing water glass as a solidifying agent with kaolin powder, After molding kaolin powder and water glass by press molding, 350 ℃ or more 5
The inventors have found that the desired object can be achieved by performing low temperature firing at a temperature of 00 ° C. or lower, and further research has been conducted to complete the present invention. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a material, which is a molded product having water resistance and strength, which is useful as a building material, by using kaolin powder by low temperature firing at 350 to 500 ° C. . Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a molded body material excellent in environmental safety and safety, which is characterized by not adding any special chemicals other than kaolin powder and water glass. To do. Further, the present invention does not have a problem such as sharpness and warpage,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing the above-mentioned molded material, which enables mass production in a short time. Furthermore, the present invention reduces the environmental load in terms of low energy, safety, etc., and improves the moldability / productivity by using a material having water resistance / strength for use as a building material, etc. It is intended to provide a method for manufacturing.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の本発明は、以下の技術的手段から構成される。
（１）カオリン質粉体を用いて建築材料として有用な耐
水性と強度を有する成形体から成る材料を製造する方法
であって、１）
カオリン質粉体に水ガラスを添加して成形する、２）カオリン質粉体と水ガラス以外に特別な薬品等の添
加をしない、 ３）
３５０℃以上５００℃以下の低温焼成を行なう、４）上記１）〜３）により、所定の耐水性と強度を有す
る成形体材料を作製する、
ことを特徴とする、耐水性と
強度を有する成形体材料の製造方法。
（２）カオリン質粉体として、粘土系廃棄物を利用する
ことを特徴とする前記（１）に記載の成形体材料の製造
方法。
（３）カオリン質粉体に水ガラスを添加してプレス成形
によって成形体を得ることを特徴とする前記（１）に記
載の成形体材料の製造方法。The present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems comprises the following technical means. (1) A method for producing a material consisting of molded article having a useful water-resistance and strength as a building material using a kaolin matter powder, 1) is molded by adding water glass kaolin protein powder, 2) Addition of special chemicals other than kaolin powder and water glass
Not pressurized, 3) performs the low-temperature sintering of 350 ° C. or higher 500 ° C. or less, 4) the above 1) to 3), having a predetermined water resistance and strength
A method for producing a molded body material having water resistance and strength, which comprises producing a molded body material according to claim 1. (2) as kaolin protein powder, method for producing a molding material according to (1), characterized in <br/> utilizing clay waste. (3) The method for producing a molded material according to (1) above, wherein water glass is added to the kaolin powder to obtain a molded product by press molding.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明の実施の形態】次に、本発明について更に詳細に
説明する。本発明によれば、カオリン質粉体として瀬戸
地方で粘土キラと呼ばれている粘土系廃棄物を用いて水
ガラスを固化剤として混合し、成形し、他には特別な薬
品等は添加すること無しに、３５０℃以上５００℃以下
という低温焼成を行うことにより、耐水性と強度と安全
性を有する材料を製造することを特徴とする固化体の製
造方法が提供される。更に、本発明によれば、成形方法
としてプレス成形を採用することにより、比較的良好な
成形体が得られ、また、特別な養生を必要としないた
め、比較的短時間で材料が得られるという特徴を持った
成形方法が提供される。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, the present invention will be described in more detail. According to the present invention, water-glass is mixed as a solidifying agent using a clay-based waste called clay killer in the Seto region as kaolin powder, and molded, and other special chemicals are added. Without any need, a low temperature firing of 350 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less is performed to provide a material having water resistance, strength and safety, and a method for producing a solidified body is provided. Furthermore, according to the present invention, by adopting press molding as a molding method, a relatively good molded body can be obtained, and since special curing is not required, a material can be obtained in a relatively short time. A characteristic molding method is provided.
【０００７】本発明の方法は、カオリン質粉体を材料化
するために、水ガラスのみを固化剤として添加・混合
し、プレス成形を行った後、耐水性を持たせる程度の温
度で焼成することを特徴とするものである。その結果、
本発明によれば、低コスト・低エネルギーによって耐水
性と強度と安全性を兼ね備えた建築等に利用できる材料
が短時間で且つ大量に提供される。In the method of the present invention, in order to materialize the kaolin powder, only water glass is added and mixed as a solidifying agent, press-molded, and then fired at a temperature at which water resistance is imparted. It is characterized by that. as a result,
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the material which can be utilized for construction etc. which has water resistance, strength, and safety by low cost and low energy in a short time is provided in large quantities.
【０００８】本発明の方法で原料として用いるカオリン
質粉体としては、蛙目粘土、櫛粘土、耐火粘土、カオリ
ン、雑粘土、陶石等の窯業原料として使用されるものの
他、粘土系の廃棄物等も利用でき、幅広い範囲のものを
指している。本発明においては、例えば、愛知県瀬戸地
方における粘土系廃棄物である粘土キラ（粘土原鉱か
ら、窯業原料である粘土及び珪砂を取り除いた後の不要
部分）を使用することができる。この原料に適量の市販
の水ガラスと水を添加して混合した後に、成形体を得
る。水ガラスとしては、その粘性に応じて水分量を調整
すればよいので、特に限定されるものではない。The kaolin powder used as a raw material in the method of the present invention is used as a raw material for ceramics such as frog clay, comb clay, refractory clay, kaolin, miscellaneous clay and porcelain, as well as clay-based waste. Things can be used, and it refers to a wide range of things. In the present invention, for example, clay kira which is a clay-based waste in the Seto region of Aichi prefecture (unnecessary portion after removing clay and silica sand which are raw materials for ceramics from clay raw ore) can be used. A molded body is obtained after adding an appropriate amount of commercially available water glass and water to this raw material and mixing them. The water glass is not particularly limited because the water content may be adjusted according to its viscosity.
【０００９】本発明においては、固化に際して、水和反
応を利用しないため、流し込み成形ではなくプレス成形
が採用でき、これにより、比較的容易に良好な成形体が
得られる。プレス成形は、成形品を焼成工程に移す際
に、破損しない程度の強度を与えればよく、成形圧力、
成形時間等は、成形体の寸法、形状等に応じて、適宜調
整すればよい。この成形体は、常温においては耐水性に
劣るため、これに焼成を施す。この場合、３５０℃以上
で耐水性が得られるが、焼成温度が高くなるにつれて強
度が落ちる傾向にあるため、焼成温度条件としては、３
５０℃以上５００℃以下、より好ましくは、３５０℃程
度が最適である。焼成方法は、特に限定されるものでは
ないが、内部まで均一に加熱されるように、成形体の寸
法、形状等により保持時間を適宜調整すればよい。In the present invention, since the hydration reaction is not used during solidification, press molding can be adopted instead of casting, whereby a good molded product can be obtained relatively easily. In the press molding, when the molded product is transferred to the firing step, it is sufficient to give strength to the extent that it is not damaged.
The molding time and the like may be appropriately adjusted according to the size and shape of the molded body. Since this molded body has poor water resistance at room temperature, it is fired. In this case, water resistance is obtained at 350 ° C. or higher, but the strength tends to decrease as the firing temperature increases. Therefore, the firing temperature condition is 3
The optimum temperature is 50 ° C or higher and 500 ° C or lower, and more preferably about 350 ° C. The firing method is not particularly limited, but the holding time may be appropriately adjusted depending on the size and shape of the molded body so that the inside is uniformly heated.
【００１０】本発明の方法は、以下のような利点を有す
る。
（１）３５０℃以上５００℃以下の低温焼成で耐水性と
強度を有した成形体材料が得られる。
（２）主原料であるカオリン質粉体として、粘土キラ等
の粘土系廃棄物も利用することができる。
（３）水ガラス以外の薬品等の添加が必要とされない。
（４）流し込み成形ではなく、プレス成形が採用でき、
比較的容易に良好な成形体が得られる。
（５）タイル等の建築材料として有用な耐水性と強度を
有する成形体材料を、比較的低コスト・低エネルギー
で、短時間で且つ大量に生産することができる。The method of the present invention has the following advantages. (1) A molded material having water resistance and strength can be obtained by low-temperature firing at 350 ° C or higher and 500 ° C or lower. (2) As the kaolin powder as the main raw material, clay-based waste such as clay killer can also be used. (3) Addition of chemicals other than water glass is not required. (4) Press molding can be adopted instead of casting.
A good molded product can be obtained relatively easily. (5) A molding material having water resistance and strength, which is useful as a building material such as tiles, can be mass-produced in a short time at relatively low cost and low energy.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】以下、実施例及び比較例を示して本発明を具
体的に説明するが、本発明は下記の実施例によって何ら
限定されるものではない。
実施例
市販の水ガラス１号試薬１０ｇと水８ｇを粘土キラ１０
０ｇに添加してよく混合した後、１５ｇ秤量して、３４
ｍｍ×３４ｍｍの金型に投入して、５ｔの荷重をかけて
プレス成形を行い、成形体を得た。これを２００℃から
９００℃の間で焼成を行い、試料を得た。これらの試料
を以下の測定に供した。The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples. Example 10 g of commercially available water glass No. 1 reagent and 8 g of water were added to clay killer 10
Add to 0 g and mix well, then weigh 15 g and
It was put into a metal mold of mm × 34 mm and press-molded by applying a load of 5 t to obtain a molded body. This was fired at a temperature between 200 ° C and 900 ° C to obtain a sample. These samples were subjected to the following measurements.
【００１２】得られた試料に対して、以下の測定を行っ
た。耐水性試験は、沸騰水中に１時間放置して水崩性を
確認した。３点曲げ強度試験は、ｎ数＝５、荷重速度
０．５ｍｍ／ｍ、支点間距離２０ｍｍの各条件下で行っ
た。実施例で得られた試料の耐水性試験の結果を表１に
示す。実施例で得られた試料の耐水性は３５０℃以上の
焼成によって得られていることがわかる。また、実施例
で得られた試料の３点曲げ強度を図１に示す。実施例で
得られた試料の３点曲げ強度は３００℃焼成でピークト
ップを示しており、それ以上の高温の焼成では徐々に低
下していることがわかる。The following measurements were performed on the obtained sample. In the water resistance test, the water resistance was confirmed by leaving it in boiling water for 1 hour. The three-point bending strength test was carried out under each condition of n number = 5, load speed 0.5 mm / m, and distance between fulcrums 20 mm. Table 1 shows the results of the water resistance test of the samples obtained in the examples. It can be seen that the water resistance of the samples obtained in the examples is obtained by firing at 350 ° C. or higher. The three-point bending strength of the samples obtained in the examples is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the three-point bending strengths of the samples obtained in the examples show peak tops at 300 ° C. firing and gradually decrease at higher temperature firings.
【００１３】[0013]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の効果】以上のように、本発明は、カオリン質粉
体を用いて建築材料として有用な耐水性と強度を有する
成形体から成る材料を製造する方法であって、カオリン
質粉体に水ガラスを添加して成形した後、３５０℃以上
５００℃以下の低温焼成を行なうことを特徴とする、耐
水性と強度を有する成形体材料の製造方法に係り、本発
明の方法によれば、１）カオリン質粉体と水ガラスのみ
を原料として、タイル等の建築材料として有用な耐水性
と強度と安全性を有した成形体材料を、比較的低コスト
・低エネルギーで、短時間で且つ大量に製造することが
できる、２）既存のタイル等の建築材料に優る建築材料
等として有用な新規な材料及びその製造方法を提供する
ことができる、３）３５０℃以上５００℃以下という低
温焼成により、優れた耐熱性と強度を有する成形体材料
を製造することができる、という格別の効果が奏され
る。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention is a method for producing a material composed of a molded body having water resistance and strength, which is useful as a building material, by using kaolin powder, A method for producing a molded body material having water resistance and strength, which comprises performing low-temperature firing at 350 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower after molding by adding water glass, and according to the method of the present invention, 1) Using only kaolin powder and water glass as raw materials, a molded body material having water resistance, strength and safety that is useful as a building material such as tiles can be produced at a relatively low cost and low energy in a short time and It is possible to manufacture in large quantities, 2) it is possible to provide a novel material that is useful as a building material superior to existing building materials such as tiles, and a manufacturing method thereof, and 3) low temperature firing of 350 ° C or more and 500 ° C or less. By Yu It was capable of producing a molded material having heat resistance and strength, particularly the effect that can be attained.
【図１】本発明の実施例で得られた試料の３点曲げ強度
を示すグラフである。FIG. 1 is a graph showing the 3-point bending strength of samples obtained in Examples of the present invention.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 芝崎 靖雄 愛知県名古屋市熱田区大宝２−４ (72)発明者 河村 嘉伸 愛知県瀬戸市瘤町58 (72)発明者 山田 克巳 愛知県名古屋市緑区相原郷１丁目307番 地 (72)発明者 服部 肇 愛知県西春日井郡西春町九之坪中町19 (72)発明者 竹田 直行 愛知県名古屋市瑞穂区上坂町１丁目19番 地の１ ＮＴＹビル２Ｃ (72)発明者 鈴木 慎 愛知県西春日井郡新川町西堀江1107 ２ −２Ｂ (56)参考文献 特開 平11−171635（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C04B 33/00 - 35/22 C04B 41/00 - 41/91 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasuo Shibazaki 2-4 Daiho, Atsuta-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi (72) Inventor Yoshinobu Kawamura 58 Kumamachi, Seto-shi, Aichi (72) Inventor Katsumi Yamada Midori-shi, Aichi-ken 1-307 Aihara-go, Ku (72) Inventor Hajime Hattori 19 Kunotsubo-nakacho, Nishiharu-cho, Nishikasugai-gun, Aichi (72) Inventor Naoyuki Takeda 1 NTY Bldg. 1-Chome, 1-chome, Uesaka-cho, Nagoya, Aichi 2C ( 72) Inventor Shin Suzuki 1107 2-2B, Nishihorie, Shinkawa-cho, Nishikasugai-gun, Aichi (56) Reference JP-A-11-171635 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C04B 33/00-35/22 C04B 41/00-41/91
Claims (3)
有用な耐水性と強度を有する成形体から成る材料を製造
する方法であって、（１） カオリン質粉体に水ガラスを添加して成形する、（２）カオリン質粉体と水ガラス以外に特別な薬品等の
添加をしない、 （３） ３５０℃以上５００℃以下の低温焼成を行なう、（４）上記（１）〜（３）により、所定の耐水性と強度
を有する成形体材料を作製する、 ことを特徴とする、耐
水性と強度を有する成形体材料の製造方法。1. A method for producing a material comprising a molded body having water resistance and strength, which is useful as a building material, by using kaolin powder, which comprises (1) adding water glass to kaolin powder. molding, (2) special chemicals such as other than kaolin protein powder and water glass
No addition, (3) low temperature firing at 350 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower, (4) predetermined water resistance and strength according to the above (1) to (3)
A method for producing a molded body material having water resistance and strength, which comprises producing a molded body material having:
利用することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の成形体材料
の製造方法。Wherein the kaolin matter powder, method for producing a molding material according to claim 1, characterized in that use clay waste.
レス成形によって成形体を得ることを特徴とする請求項
１に記載の成形体材料の製造方法。3. The method for producing a molded body material according to claim 1, wherein water glass is added to the kaolin powder to obtain a molded body by press molding.
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