JP3486720B2 - Shape memory alloy coil spring, method of manufacturing the same, and hot water mixing control valve using the same - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0001] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a shape memory alloy coil.Right
ToThe present invention relates to a hot water mixing control valve used. [0002] 2. Description of the Related Art Transformation start temperature of NiTi alloy during cooling
(Hereinafter referred to as Ms) and the transformation end temperature (hereinafter referred to as Mf)
), And the reverse transformation start temperature during heating (hereinafter, As and
) And the reverse transformation end temperature (hereinafter referred to as Af).
Martensitic transformation of parent phase and martensite phase
It is an alloy having a state. In other words, this alloy has the above-mentioned Ms or less.
After giving deformation strain at the desired temperature (low temperature), the alloy
Is heated in the temperature range above Af, reverse transformation occurs, and
The shape note that gold recovers to the shape before giving deformation distortion
Demonstrates memory effect. At this time, the alloy is in the low temperature range below Mf.
Is a soft martensitic phase and reverse transformation by heating
When Af or more occurs, the matrix becomes hard and has high mechanical strength.
Recover. And this phenomenon is reversible. [0004] NiTi shape memory alloys have the properties described above.
Since it has high quality, it is molded into a coil spring and biased.
Reversible with temperature rise / fall by combining with spring
For example, coffee makers, d.
Akon wind direction flap, automatic drying cabinet shutter, etc.
Is actually used as a temperature sensor and actuator for
You. [0005] For coil springs incorporated in these products,
On the other hand, the transformation-reverse transformation responds sensitively to the target set temperature.
The product's sensitive on-off operation.
It is pursued to enhance. Therefore, Ms and As
Alloys with the same or very close values, or
Or, Ms and Mf and As and As are as close as possible.
Of alloy composition and shape memory treatment conditions
Have been studied, and currently, the set temperature is within ± 2.5 ° C.
Transformation of NiTi shape memory alloy
Le springs are manufactured. By the way, a mixture of high-temperature water and low-temperature water
There is a hot water mixing control valve to discharge hot water instead of hot water.
You. This hot water mixing control valve is conventionally used as a heat sensitive element.
Wax is used to change the temperature of high-
Corresponds to the pressure change, for example, the discharge temperature is
Higher, high-temperature water is removed with
Narrow the inlet and widen the intake of low-temperature water
As a result, hot water at a certain temperature is discharged. As described above, this hot water mixing control valve is
Of the thermal expansion of the
Crop characteristics can be obtained. But on the other hand, wax
Is a solid (liquid at high temperature) and has poor thermal conductivity.
Therefore, the phase conversion requires a time of 3 seconds or more, resulting in poor responsiveness. I
Therefore, when trying to improve the above-mentioned poor thermal response,
In this case, instead of wax, the above-mentioned NiTi having excellent heat conductivity is used.
Uses shape memory alloy coil spring as thermal element
The valve structure combining this coil spring and bias spring
You can think about building. However, in that case,
It is necessary to keep in mind. Ie hot water or low
Even if hot water causes temperature change or pressure change,
If you want to keep the temperature of water constant,
Memory alloy coil spring turns on immediately at set temperature
Temperature deviation from set temperature without turning off
A characteristic that expresses the spring pressure and the shape recovery amount in proportion
High-temperature water according to the behavior of the coil spring.
A mechanism to control the inflow of water and the inflow of low-temperature water is required
That is. By the way, the above-mentioned NiTi shape memory alloy
The hot water mixing control valve incorporating the coil spring of
Operate at a certain set temperature within the temperature range of ~ 70 ° C
Considering the above, it is the material of the coil spring to be incorporated
NiTi shape memory alloys are preferred because their Ms-Mf values are too small.
There is a problem that it cannot be said that it is a suitable material. [0010] SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hot water mixing method.
When incorporated as a thermal element for a valve,
Solving the above problems in shape memory alloy coil springs
Can shape memory alloy coil springToIncorporated
It is intended to provide a hot water mixing control valve having a new structure. [0011] The above object is achieved.
Therefore, in the present invention,One end has spring pressure adjusting means
Water outlet at the other end and high temperature on the side wall.
Inside the cylindrical body in which the water port and the low-temperature water port are formed,
From the spring pressure adjusting means to the water outlet, a bias spring
And a cylindrical sprawl valve with a cavity formed inside
And the shape memory alloy coil spring
The sprawl valve is disposed coaxially in the order
Sliding contact with the inner wall of the body in a liquid-tight structure and flowing in from the high-temperature water port
High-temperature water and low-temperature water flowing from the low-temperature water port
And the ratio of the inflow rate of the high-temperature water to the low-temperature water
Flow ratio control means for controlling the temperature to be 10 to 70 ° C.
Formed on the high-temperature water port side, and allows high-temperature water to flow into the hollow portion.
A high temperature passage means for inflow, and
Low-temperature passage means for flowing low-temperature water into the hollow portion,
A spout through which the warm water mixed in the cavity is guided to the spout.
Path means, wherein the shape memory alloy coil spring isNi:
55.0 to 56.0% by weight, the balance being Ti and unavoidable
A pure composition or one of the above Ni or Ti
Part is selected from the group of Co, Fe, V, Cr, Mn, Al.
0.05 to 2.0% by weight of at least one metal
And a transformation start temperature (Ms
° C) and the transformation end temperature during cooling (Mf ° C)
0 ℃, Mf ≧ 10 ℃, immediately at the set temperature
Deviation from set temperature without on-off operation
NiTi that develops spring pressure and shape recovery in proportion to temperature
Made of shape memory alloyCoil springCharacterized by
ToHot water mixing control valveIs provided. [0012] First, the present inventionUsed inCoil spring and its
The manufacturing method will be described. The coil spring of the present invention
Cold working under the conditions described below is applied to the NiTi alloy having the composition described
It is manufactured by performing shape memory processing. This NiTi alloy
When the Ni concentration is less than 55.0% by weight, M
The s value becomes a temperature higher than 70 ° C., and the Ni concentration is 5
If it exceeds 6.0% by weight, the Mf value becomes lower than 10 ° C.
Temperature, and in each case, the water discharge temperature is 10 to 70 ° C.
Of the hot water mixing control valve of the present invention to be controlled within the range.
Ni concentration is 5
It is set to 5.0 to 56.0% by weight. The NiTi alloy is mainly
Some of the components Ni and / or Ti are Co, F
one or more metals of e, V, Cr, Mn, Al
May be substituted. Each of these metals,
Ms or Mf, or Af or As on high or low temperature side
It works to shift. Less substitution of these metals
When the Ni concentration is around 55.0% by weight, the Ms
If the value exceeds 70 ° C. and is too high, Ni
When the concentration is around 56.0% by weight, the Mf
The amount of substitution is 0.05 to 2.0% by weight.
Set within the range. From such an ingot of NiTi alloy,
After cold drawing a wire of the desired diameter,
Work is performed to form a coil spring. The area reduction rate at this time is
It is set to 30% or more. When the area reduction rate is less than 30%
In this case, the final coil spring will
If the Ms-Mf value is more than 15 ° CSet temperature
The spring pressure and the shape recovery amount also appear in proportion to the temperature
Disappear. Next, the formed spring is subjected to shape memory processing.
Is done. Specifically, this molded spring is heated at 400 to 480 ° C.
Is heated in the temperature range of, and the coil shape is stored. This and
The processing temperature selected when operating the coil spring
Is determined by the relationship with the set temperature of the coil spring.
If the treatment temperature is 40 wt.
Below 0 ° C., the Ms of the alloy is higher than 70 ° C.
When the processing temperature is higher than 480 ° C., Mf becomes
When the temperature is lower than 10 ° C., the hot water mixing control valve of the present invention
This makes it unsuitable as a coil spring to be incorporated into a vehicle. Next, a temperature incorporating the coil spring of the present invention will be described.
The water mixing control valve will be described with reference to the sectional view of FIG.
You. First, the hot water mixing control valve A of the present invention has a built-in valve mechanism.
Cylinder 1 and a bias cylinder disposed inside the cylinder.
2, sprawl valve 3, shape memory alloy coil spring 4,
Is the main component. One end of the cylinder 1 is sealed, and the via
The holding plate 5a of the spring 1 and the holding plate 5a
Set the initial spring pressure to a predetermined value by slightly displacing in the direction
The fine adjustment screw 5b and the lock nut 5
and a temperature adjusting knob 5d assembled at c.
Adjusting means 5 is provided. And at the other end of the cylindrical body 1
Is formed with a water discharge port 1a,
A hot water port 1b and a low temperature water port 1c are respectively formed. From the high-temperature water port 1b, high-temperature water of a predetermined temperature
It flows into the inside of the cylinder as shown by the mark p, and from the low-temperature water port 1c.
Low-temperature water at a predetermined temperature flows into the cylinder as indicated by arrow q.
The two waters are mixed in a cavity 3a of the sprawl valve 3, which will be described later.
It becomes hot water of the set temperature, and it is discharged from the spout 1a.
Water is discharged to the outside of the cylindrical body as indicated by an arrow r. Of this cylinder 1
In the inside, there is a bias plate whose one end is designated by the holding plate 5a.
The spring 2 and the other end of the bias spring 2 press one wall 3b.
And the other of this sprawl valve 3
Shape memory alloy coil spring 4 of the present invention for pressing wall 3c
Are coaxially arranged. Therefore, high-temperature water is contained in the cylindrical body 1.
Inflowing high-temperature chamber A₁, Mixing chamber A where both waters are mixed_Two(cavity
Part 3a), and filled with hot water at the set temperature, shape memory alloy
Sensation chamber A to which the coil spring 4 reacts_ThreeIs formed
And the bias spring 2 and the shape memory alloy coil
By changing the spring pressure of the spring 4, the sprawl valve
3 can be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder.
ing. In the sprawl valve 3, the bias spring side
The peripheral edge of the wall 3b is formed between the high-temperature water port 1b and the low-temperature water port 1 of the cylindrical body 1.
c between the inner wall 1d and the packing 6
Slidably contacts the inner wall 1d
It is a collar and separates high-temperature water and low-temperature water.
Among the flanges, the flange 3d located on the high-temperature water port 1b side has a high temperature.
The size of the water outlet 1b is adjusted to control the inflow of high-temperature water.
The flange 3e located on the side of the low-temperature water port 1c is
The size is controlled to control the inflow of low-temperature water. The center wall 3f of the wall 3b has a plurality of water passages.
A hole 7a is formed in the high-temperature chamber A ₁High temperature water
High-temperature air flowing into the cavity 3a through the water hole 7a
Road means are formed. Also, the coil spring side wall 3c
Of the cylindrical body 1 is the warming room A_ThreeLiquid-tight with the inner wall 1e
A plurality of water holes 7b are formed on the center wall 3h.
And the cavity 3b (mixing chamber A_TwoThe hot water inside
Warm room A through these water holes 7b_ThreeSpill into the warm room
A_ThreeTogether with the water discharge passage means. Bias spring side wall 3b and coil spring side wall
A water passage hole 7c is formed in the side wall 3i located between the wall 3c and the wall 3c.
The low-temperature water flowing from the low-temperature water port 1c is
Low-temperature passage that flows into cavity 3a through water passage hole 7c
Means are formed. This hot water mixing control valve A is as follows.
Works like that. First, high-temperature water is supplied from the high-temperature water port 1b to the high-temperature chamber.
A₁And the bias spring side wall 3b of the sprawl valve
Flows into the cavity 3a through the water passage hole 7a of
Water flows from the low-temperature water inlet 1c to the side wall 3i of the sprawl valve.
The water also flows into the cavity 3a through the hole 7c,
After being mixed in the hollow portion 3a of the coil spring side wall portion 3c.
Warm room A from water hole 7b_ThreeAnd discharge from the spout 1c
Will be issued. At the time of initial assembly, the fine adjustment screw 5b is used to
Adjust the initial balance between the assembling spring 2 and the coil spring 4.
With this, the sprawl valve 3 is set at a predetermined position.
You. Therefore, the peripheral flange 3d of the sprawl valve 3 and the high temperature
The gap formed by the water port 1b and the peripheral flange 3e and the low-temperature water
The gap formed by the opening 1c is set to a predetermined width.
Flow of hot and cold water
The input amount is constant, and water at a constant temperature is discharged from the water discharge port 1a.
Will be issued. At this time, the set position of the sprawl valve 3 was
As a result, the state of the initial balance by the fine adjustment screw 5b is determined.
By setting to the condition of
Can be fixed to a constant temperature. This steady state, for example, is
Rises or changes due to high water temperature
Room A_ThreeThe temperature of the hot water flowing into the
Nene 4 responds to it and tries to recover to its original shape. So
As a result, the coil spring 4 extends and the wall of the sprawl valve 3
3c, the sprawl valve 3 slides to the left in the figure.
And displace. Therefore, the peripheral flange 3d and the hot water port 1
The gap with b becomes narrower and the inflow of high-temperature water decreases,
The gap between the peripheral flange 3c and the low-temperature water port 1c is widened,
Since the inflow of water increases, the warming room A_ThreeHot water flowing into
Temperature decreases. Further, the pressure of the low-temperature water increases,
Is the warming room A when the temperature of the low temperature water falls_ThreeThe hot water temperature inside
The spring force of the coil spring 4 is also weakened,
The roll valve 3 is pressed by the bias spring 2 and slides to the right in the figure.
It moves and displaces. Therefore, the peripheral flange 3d and the high-temperature water port
1b, the inflow of high-temperature water increases,
The gap between the peripheral flange 3e and the low-temperature water port 1c becomes narrower and lower.
Since the inflow of hot water decreases,_ThreeTemperature flowing into
The temperature of the water rises. As described above, the hot water mixing control valve A is
Sprawl in response to pressure and temperature changes in hot and cold water
By automatically adjusting the displacement of the valve 3, 10 to 7
Steady-state operation at a certain set temperature in the temperature range of 0 ° C
Can be. [0028] 【Example】 (1) Manufacturing coil springs Melting by vacuum induction furnace, remelting by vacuum arc furnace
The solution was performed in this order, Ni: 55.2% by weight, balance: T
Alloy 1 having a composition of i, Ni: 55.8% by weight, balance:
An alloy 2 having a composition of Ti was produced. Then, these alloys were subjected to hot forging and hot pressing.
The rolling was sequentially performed to obtain a wire having a wire diameter of 5.0 mm. These wires
Is drawn at room temperature into a wire having a wire diameter of 3.3 mm.
After that, annealing at a temperature of 750 ° C.
And drawn to a wire diameter of 2.5 mm. During this cold drawing
The area reduction rate is 42.6%. Next, these wires are coil-formed,
A coil with a coil diameter of 12.5 mm, 4 effective turns, and a free length of 22.0 mm
After making the spring, shape memory processing is performed at various temperatures.
In addition, Ms and Mf were measured. The result is shown in FIG.
In the figure,-○-and-●-indicate the alloy 1
Represents the Ms and Mf of the spring, and-◇-and-◆-
These represent Ms and Mf of the coil spring of alloy 2, respectively. As is apparent from FIG.
Ms value and Mf value of the resulting alloy, and thus Ms−Mf
The value depends on the composition of the alloy and the application temperature during shape memory processing.
Change. That is, the increase in Ni concentration and the
As the temperature increases, the Ms value and the Mf value decrease. I
Therefore, all of the temperature range of 10 to 70 ° C is one kind of alloy
The temperature cannot be controlled with a coil spring.
In relation to the constant temperature, the alloy coil spring of the composition and the processing temperature
Will be selected. For example, water discharge at the hot water mixing control valve A
When controlling the set temperature to 45 ° C, the alloy 1
A coil spring having a shape memory processing temperature of 460 ° C.
FIG. 2 shows what can be used.
Also, when controlling water discharge in a temperature range of 20 to 40 ° C,
Means that a coil spring of alloy 2 may be used. (2) Water discharge temperature characteristics of hot water mixing control valve It is made of alloy 1 and formed at 460 ° C.
Coil spring (example spring) subjected to shape memory processing
500 ° C. in a shaped coil of the above shape
Coil spring (comparative example spring) that has been subjected to shape memory processing
The hot water mixing control valve A having the structure shown in FIG.
I stood up. At this time, the temperature is adjusted to 15.0 by the fine adjustment screw 5b.
℃ low-temperature water pressure and 75 ° C high-temperature water pressure
2.0kgf / cm^TwoWhen set to
Initial temperature between both springs so that hot water of 45.0 ° C is discharged.
Was adjusted. Operate the valve in this state,
Or the pressure of high temperature water is 2.0kgf / cm^TwoHigher or lower than
And the temperature of the spouted water 5 seconds after the start of the fluctuation
It was measured. The result is determined by comparing the pressure of low-temperature water or high-temperature water
FIG. 3 shows the relationship with the water discharge temperature. In the figure,-○-
Mark and-●-mark indicate the pressure of low-temperature water at 2.0 kgf / cm, respectively.
^TwoWhen the pressure of high-temperature water fluctuates with
Of a spring-incorporated valve and a comparative example
Indicates the temperature.-◇-and-◆-indicate high-temperature water, respectively.
Pressure of 2.0kgf / cm^TwoAnd the pressure of the low-temperature water
Spring-embedded valve when the pressure is varied, comparative example
Indicates the water discharge temperature of the built-in valve. As is apparent from FIG.
If the hot water mixing control valve is embedded,
Water pressure is 0.5-7.0kgf / cm^TwoEven if it fluctuates within the range
Water temperature is controlled within ± 5 ° C of the set temperature (45 ° C).
Have been. However, the hot water mixed tone incorporating the comparative spring
In the case of a drain valve, for example, the pressure of high-temperature water is 6 kgf / cm^TwoStrange
When operated, the water discharge temperature becomes about 60 ° C, and the control characteristics are remarkable.
Deteriorates. [0036] As is clear from the above description, the present inventionso
UseThe coil spring has a Ni content of 55.0 to 56.0% by weight,
The balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities,
Means that a part of the Ni or Ti is Co, Fe, V, C
at least one metal selected from the group consisting of r, Mn, and Al
With a composition of 0.05 to 2.0% by weight
Cold working is performed on Ti alloy with a surface reduction rate of 30% or more.
After being formed into an il spring, in the temperature range of 400-480 ° C
Since it is manufactured by performing shape memory processing, Ms ≦ 70 ° C.
Mf ≥ 10 ° C, immediately on at set temperature-
Temperature deviation from set temperature without turning off
It has the characteristic of expressing the spring pressure and the shape recovery amount in proportion.
I have. Further, the hot water mixing control valve of the present invention is described above.
Since the coil spring is built in, the water discharge temperature is 10 ~
It can be controlled within the range of 70 ° C.
Because of its excellent thermal conductivity, the temperature of high-temperature water or low-temperature water
It can respond quickly to changes and pressure changes.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a hot water mixing control valve incorporating a coil spring used in the present invention. FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between Ms value and Mf value of a coil spring used in the present invention and a shape memory processing temperature. FIG. 3 is a graph showing water discharge temperature characteristics of the hot water mixing control valve of the present invention. [Description of Signs] A hot water mixing control valve A ₁ high temperature chamber A ₂ mixing chamber A ₃ hot sensation chamber 1 cylinder 1a water outlet 1b high temperature water 1c low temperature water 1d, 1e inner wall 2 of cylinder 1 bias spring 3 sprawl valve 3a Cavity (mixing chamber A ₂ ) 3b Bias spring side wall 3c Coil spring side wall 3d, 3e Peripheral flange 3b of bias spring side wall 3b Central wall 3g of bias spring side wall 3b Circumference 3h of coil spring side wall 3c Coil Central wall surface 3i of spring side wall 3c Side wall 4 of sprawl valve Shape memory alloy coil spring 5 Spring pressure adjusting means 5a Holding plate 5b Fine adjustment screw 5c Lock nut 5d Temperature adjustment knob 6 Packing 7a, 7b, 7c Water hole

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-59-185766 (JP, A) JP-A-62-170443 (JP, A) JP-A-4-194474 (JP, A) JP-A 61-185474 276947 (JP, A) JP-A-1-156455 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16F 1/02 C22C 19/03 C22F 1/10 C22K 1:00

Claims (1)

(1) A cylinder having a spring pressure adjusting means provided at one end, a water discharge port formed at the other end, and a high temperature water port and a low temperature water port formed at a side wall. Inside the body, from the spring pressure adjusting means to the water discharge port, a bias spring, a cylindrical sprawl valve having a hollow portion formed therein and a shape memory alloy coil spring are coaxially pressed in this order in this order. The sprawl valve is slidably contacted with the inner wall of the cylindrical body in a liquid-tight structure, and separates the high-temperature water flowing from the high-temperature water port and the low-temperature water flowing from the low-temperature water port. The inflow rate of the low-temperature water is adjusted so that the discharge temperature is 10 to 7
Flow rate control means for controlling the temperature to 0 ° C .; high-temperature passage means formed on the high-temperature water port side for flowing high-temperature water into the cavity; and low-temperature water formed on the low-temperature water port side for supplying the low-temperature water to the cavity. And a water discharge passage means for guiding the hot water mixed in the cavity to the water discharge port, wherein the shape memory alloy coil spring has a Ni: 55.0-5 .
6.0 wt%, the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities
Or a part of the Ni or Ti is Co,
At least one selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Cr, Mn, and Al
0 in one metal. 05 to 2.0 wt% displacement to a composition
And the transformation onset temperature at cooling (Ms ° C.)
The transformation end temperature (Mf ° C.) at the time of rejection is Ms ≦ 70 ° C., Mf
≥10 ° C, instantly turns on and off at set temperature
Proportional to deviation from set temperature without operation
Shape memory memory that develops spring pressure and shape recovery amount
A hot water mixing control valve made of gold .