JP3471404B2 - Floor heating system - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a floor heating apparatus, and more particularly, to a floor heating apparatus employing a radiant heating system in which the user can directly feel warmth from the floor. . 2. Description of the Related Art As the above-mentioned floor heating device, a special composition having a large latent heat is used as a heat storage material, and the heat storage material is heated and melted by a heater, and then released when the heat storage material solidifies. Heating utilizing the heat of solidification (latent heat) is known. Examples of the heat storage material include sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na ₂ SO ₄ · 10H ₂₀ ), calcium chloride, and A material having a predetermined melting point (for example, 25 ° C. to 60 ° C.) such as a sodium acetate-based heat storage material is used. Conventionally, in this type of floor heating device, for example, a planar heater is used as a heater, and a heat storage material is accommodated in a pipe-shaped container.
For example, it was configured as shown in FIG. That is, a heat insulating material 2 made of a hard urethane board or the like is laid all over the upper surface of a floor slab 1 having a predetermined thickness T and spanned between beams. The thin planar heaters 3 having a width are arranged in parallel at a predetermined pitch. The upper surface of each planar heater 3 is filled with a composition having a large latent heat, such as the above-mentioned sodium sulfate decahydrate or a sodium acetate-based composition, in a fixed plastic case (for example, a package made of polypropylene). Pipe-shaped heat storage elements 4 are arranged in a plurality of rows.
Is heated to melt the internal heat storage material. [0005] The heat storage body 4 has a plurality (five in the figure).
A band-shaped metal lid 5 is put on each other in parallel, and a wire mesh 6 is arranged in a lattice shape above the metal lid 5. Further, a mortar 7 having a predetermined thickness t is cast on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 2 so that the wire mesh 6 is buried, and a desired finishing material 8 is laid on the upper surface of the mortar 7 to provide floor heating. The device is integrated with the floor structure. That is, the heater such as the planar heater 3 and the heat storage unit 4 are integrally embedded together with the wire mesh 6 in a mortar 7 cast on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 2. The thickness t of the mortar 7 is set to a thickness sufficient to bury them, for example, 80 mm or more. Further, the thickness T of the floor slab 1 is determined by
According to the C standard, for example, in the case of a reinforced lightweight concrete floor slab, it is determined to be 100 mm or more, and in practice, it is often 120 mm or more. [0008] However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, when the floor heating device is integrally formed with the floor structure, the planar heater 3 is not used.
A mortar 7 different from the floor slab 1 for burying the heater and the heat storage body 4 therein is required, and the floor slab 1 has a predetermined thickness in relation to the RC standards of the Society or the allowable load weight. Since the mortar 7 needs to be set to have such a thickness, there is a problem that the thickness of the floor itself increases by the thickness t of the mortar 7. In addition, since the heat insulating material 2 is interposed between the floor slab 1 and the heater such as the planar heater 3 and the heat storage unit 4, the floor slab 1 cannot be used as a sensible heat material. It was the current situation. The thickness t of the mortar 7 is considerably large as described above. Therefore, when a floor structure provided with a floor heating device is constructed, not only does the weight of the floor structure itself increase, but also the ceiling structure increases. Was lower by that amount. In order to solve such a problem, the applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 5-279389, a deck plate was laid in parallel to form a floor surface having a concave portion, and a latent heat was formed in the concave portion. The heat storage material having a large size and a heater for heating and melting the heat storage material are housed and disposed, and the heater and the heat storage material are integrally embedded in the slab concrete cast above the floor surface. A floor heating device characterized by the following is proposed. In this floor heating system, the floor slab can be used as a sensible heat material, and excellent effects such as the increase in weight of the floor structure have been obtained. Similar to the conventional example shown in this, in this floor heating device, it is necessary to cast mortar and lay a finishing material after the completion of the work of arranging the heat storage material and the heater, so that the work period of the floor work may be extended. Yes, and when performing repair and replacement of the heat storage element and the heater, it is necessary to destroy the slab concrete in which the heat storage element and the heater are embedded, and find that there is room for further improvement, It has been found that such a problem can be solved at once by setting the arrangement positions of the heat storage element and the heater and the arrangement position of the heat insulating material at a specific position, and the present invention has been completed. . An object of the present invention is to solve the problems associated with the prior art described above, and to integrate a floor heating device with a floor structure without increasing the thickness of the floor itself. The heat storage unit and heater can be easily repaired without destroying the slab concrete.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a floor heating device that can be replaced. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, a floor heating apparatus according to the present invention comprises a deck plate laid in parallel to form a foundation floor surface, and a heat storage having a large latent heat on a lower surface of the deck plate. A heat insulating material and a heater for heating and melting the heat storage material, and further providing a heat insulating material below the base floor surface on which the heat storage material and the heater are disposed, and a slab concrete above the base floor surface. It is characterized by being cast. According to the present invention constructed as described above, the heat storage material having a large latent heat and the heater for heating and melting the heat storage material are arranged on the lower surface of the base floor formed by laying the deck plate. Moreover, the thickness of the floor itself is increased by further arranging a heat insulating material below the base floor surface on which the heat storage material and the heater are arranged, and casting slab concrete above the base floor surface. Without causing the floor heating device to be integrally formed with the floor structure, slab concrete can be used as a sensible heat material. Further, by disposing the heat storage material and the planar heater on the lower surface of the floor surface, the heat storage material and the planar heater are separated from the floor slab.
Since mortar for burying the heat storage material and the like is not required, it is not necessary to particularly increase the strength of the slab concrete, and the construction cost can be reduced. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a floor heating device according to the present invention will be specifically described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings.
In the attached drawings and the following description, the same reference numerals indicate the same members. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a floor heating apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention, showing an embodiment applied to a floor structure of a building having a so-called steel structure (S structure). FIG. 2 and FIG.
It is a perspective view which shows the example of laying of the deck board shown in FIG. 1, respectively. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a floor heating device according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the floor heating apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, deck boards (eye decks) 10 are laid in parallel to form a base floor surface 13, and a lower surface 10 of this deck board 10 is formed.
a, a heat storage device 30 having a heat storage material 4 in which a heat storage material is accommodated and a heater 3 are disposed, and the heat insulating material 2 is further disposed below the base floor 13 on which the heat storage device 30 is disposed. A slab concrete 18 is cast above the foundation floor. [Deck Board] The deck board 10 constituting the foundation floor surface is, for example, as shown in FIGS. It has a shape in which an I-shaped reinforcing rib portion 32 is protruded (eye deck). In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, both ends of the beam 12 arranged in the horizontal direction are joined and fixed between columns 11 erected vertically.
In between, the deck plate 10 is laid and laid in parallel to form a base floor surface 13. The deck plate 10 is welded, nailed, bolted or the like to the deck support 15 at the beam 12 and the joint plate 14 at both ends in the length direction, and is adjacent to each other in the width direction. Are connected by fitting or overlapping the side ends of the deck plates 10. As described above, the deck plate 10 interconnected at the side ends and forming the foundation floor 13 is provided on the beam 12 and the deck receiver 15 at both sides (ends of the foundation floor 13) 10b. It is joined and fixed by welding, nails, bolts, etc. [Heat Storage Material and Planar Heater] On the lower surface 10a of the deck plate 10, for example, a long flat plate-like heat storage device 30 as shown in FIGS. Along and over substantially the entire length thereof. More specifically, the heat storage device 30 includes:
As shown in FIG. 1, the long flat plate portion of the heat storage device is disposed so as to contact or approach the lower surface of the long flat plate portion 31 constituting the deck plate 10 from the viewpoint of heat transfer efficiency. The size of the heat storage device 30 varies depending on the type and size of the deck plate used. For example, in the case of an "eye deck" type as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and as shown in FIG. In the case of the “deck plate” type, the length is about 50 to 2000 mm × the width 50 to 500 mm × the thickness of about 10 to 100 mm. The height d of the I-shaped reinforcing rib portion 32 in FIG. 1 or the depth d of the groove of the deck plate in FIG. 4 is usually larger than the thickness h of the heat storage device 30 ( d> h), and it is preferable that the heat storage device 30 is completely housed in the recess without protruding downward from the inside of the recess 13a. In the heat storage device 30, a thin-walled planar heater 3 having a predetermined width and a cylindrical shape disposed on the planar heater are placed in a high-strength container 5 having a large thermal conductivity such as metal. The heat storage element 4 is accommodated therein, and the plurality of (five in the figure) cylindrical heat storage elements 4 are grouped in parallel. A heat storage device 30 containing a sheet heater and a cylindrical heat storage body.
The space inside is usually filled with a filler such as a water-swellable plastic such as an acrylic ester, a mortar or the like, which has a large specific heat and does not corrode the heat storage device container. When a water-swellable plastic swollen with water is used as the filler, the cylindrical heat storage element 4 and the water-swellable plastic are placed on a sheet heater in a state of being sealed in a plastic container. In this case, there is no risk of corroding the heat storage device container 5 or various metal fittings for piping behind the ceiling, power distribution, and the like. The cylindrical regenerator 4 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
A heat storage material as described later is filled in the cylindrical container, and both ends are sealed. The wall thickness of the cylindrical container is usually about 0.5 to 3 mm, preferably about 1 to 2.5 mm, and the inner diameter thereof is usually 5 in consideration of heat storage / radiation efficiency, long-term repetitive use, and the like. It is desirably about 30 to 30 mm, preferably about 5 to 18 mm. The length of the cylindrical container depends on the size of the deck plate used, but is usually about 50 to 2,000 mm. Further, in the cylindrical container constituting the cylindrical heat storage body 4, a hollow core material or a solid core material may be arranged substantially concentrically with the cylindrical container. The heat storage material is filled between the cylindrical container and the core material. Thus, when the core material is arranged in the cylindrical container,
The radial distance between the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical container and the outer peripheral surface of the core material (in other words, the thickness of the cylindrical heat storage material layer) is usually 5 to 25 m.
m, preferably about 10 to 20 mm. In such a heat storage device 30, the heat storage material filled in each cylindrical container is heated and melted by each planar heater 3 using inexpensive nighttime electric power, for example, so that heat is stored. Has become. Examples of the heat storage material include sodium sulfate decahydrate, a composition of sodium sulfate decahydrate and sodium borate decahydrate, and a composition having a large latent heat such as a sodium acetate-based composition. . Of these, as the heat storage material, a composition of sodium borate decahydrate and sodium sulfate decahydrate is preferable.
It is preferable that sodium borate decahydrate is filled so as to be unevenly distributed on the end face or inner peripheral face in the cylindrical container, preferably on one end face, and that the remainder is filled so as to be filled with sodium sulfate decahydrate. . Moreover, sodium borate decahydrate is 0.5 to 1 in a total of 100% by volume of sodium sulfate decahydrate and sodium borate decahydrate.
It is preferably filled in the cylindrical container or between the cylindrical container and the core material in an amount of 0% by volume, preferably 1 to 3% by volume. As described above, sodium borate decahydrate and sodium sulfate decahydrate were filled in the container in the amounts described above, respectively, and the sodium borate decahydrate was unevenly distributed on the inner end face of the container as described above. The cylindrical heat storage body 4 does not undergo phase separation or the like in the heat storage material during solidification, has excellent heat storage / radiation efficiency, and can be used repeatedly for a long time. For example, a cylindrical heat storage body shown in FIG. 1 [made of a cylindrical acrylic resin having a vessel inner diameter of 15 mm, an outer diameter of 20 mm and a length of 1200 mm, and sodium borate decahydrate 2
ml (about 1% by volume) is filled in one end of the container, and the remainder is filled with 210 ml (about 99% by volume) of sodium sulfate decahydrate].
160 minutes after the start of heat absorption (latent heat storage),
For example, an endotherm of 246 KJ / Kg (58.7 Kcal / Kg) was recognized,
When the temperature drops to 25 ° C, heat radiation (solidification) starts and
At the elapse of 0 minutes, for example, heat dissipation of 224 KJ / Kg (53.5 Kcal / Kg) is recognized, and the heat storage and heat dissipation efficiency is close to the theoretical value. Thus, the heat storage material used in the present invention is:
Once melted, a large amount of heat is gradually released over a long period of time at a substantially constant temperature during solidification. Moreover,
The heat storage device 30 provided with such a cylindrical heat storage body has four,
Heat storage and heat release can be repeated 000 to 5,000 times and used continuously for a long period of time. As a material for the cylindrical container for storing the heat storage material, a material having durability, flexibility and corrosion resistance is preferable. For example, polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), acrylic resin, vinyl chloride, aluminum, copper,
Examples thereof include iron and stainless steel, and acrylic resin and polypropylene (PP) are preferably used. In this embodiment, an example is shown in which the planar heater 3 is used as a heater for heating the cylindrical regenerator 4, but instead of the planar heater, a linear heater, a code heater, A table heater may be used, and any heating means such as a hot water pipe may be used. Further, the heat storage material storage container is not limited to the above-mentioned cylindrical shape, and any shape such as a flat plate shape and a spherical shape can be used. The heat storage device is not limited to the above example as long as it has a heater and a heat storage body. [Heat Insulating Material] FIGS. 1 and 4 show a mode in which the heat insulating material 2 is provided in a layered manner below the foundation floor where the heat storage device 30 is arranged. The heat insulating material layer 19 allows the heat of the planar heater 3 to be efficiently used for heating the cylindrical heat storage body 4 and the like, and the heat stored in the heat storage device 30 And has a function of preventing the heat storage device from being lost along the deck plate 10, the reinforcing ribs 32 and the like from the lower surface or the side surface and from the upper surface of the heat storage device. Such a heat insulating material layer 19
The lower surface 10a of the deck plate 10 as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG.
It is preferable that it is also provided on the surface of the reinforcing rib 32 or the like. Such a heat insulating material layer 19 is formed by, for example, spraying a rock wool spraying material, closed cell urethane, or the like. The thickness of such a heat insulating material layer is not particularly limited, but is usually 10 to 200 mm in consideration of heat insulating efficiency and the like.
It is about. [Slab Concrete] In the heating device according to the present invention, a slab concrete reinforcing bar 16 is provided above the foundation floor surface 13.
Are provided at a predetermined height via spacers 17 erected on the base floor 13. Then, slab concrete 18 is cast on the floor surface 13 so that the reinforcing bars 16 are buried and have a predetermined thickness T meeting the requirements of the various standards and strengths described above. A slab 1 is formed. Then, a desired finishing material 8 is laid all over the upper surface of the slab concrete 18. As described above, the thickness T of the slab concrete 18 (floor slab 1) is regulated by the RC standards of the society, allowable load strength, beam-to-beam span, and the like, and a thickness satisfying these requirements, for example, 120 It is set to １５０150 mm. Such a slab concrete 18 can be used as a sensible heat material that retains heat and radiates, thereby increasing the heat storage effect of the entire floor structure. When the slab concrete 18 is cast, the deck plate 10 is used as a formwork. In the case of a reinforced concrete structure (RC structure) or a steel frame reinforced concrete structure (SRC structure), as shown in FIG. 3, the deck plate 10 located at both ends in the length direction and both sides in the width direction as shown in FIG. The side end portion is positioned so as to abut on the upper surface of the U-shaped cross-sectional form 20 which surrounds the beam 12 and opens upward, and projects slightly into the opening,
In this state, a nail or a screw nail 22 or the like can be laid on the upper surface of the cutting piece 21 arranged on the side of the formwork 20 by driving. According to the present invention, since the heat storage material and the heater are arranged on the lower surface of the deck plate, slab concrete for embedding the heat storage material and the heater in the slab concrete layer is unnecessary. Therefore, it is not necessary to particularly increase the thickness of the floor itself in consideration of building standards, allowable load strength, and the like. That is, according to the present invention, a floor heating device is integrally formed with a floor structure by casting a slab concrete having a predetermined thickness on a deck plate in accordance with a building standard when a floor heating device is not provided. Can be. Further, according to the present invention, even if the floor heating device is provided, the weight of the floor structure itself hardly increases, so that the existing steel frame structure without the floor heating device is used as it is on the lower surface of the deck plate. By attaching the heat storage device as described above and further spraying a heat insulating material on its lower surface, the floor heating device can be constructed integrally with the floor structure. Further, even if such a floor heating device is installed on an existing floor structure, the ceiling height does not decrease. Further, in such a floor heating device, the heat storage effect of the entire floor structure can be increased by using the entire slab as a sensible heat material. In addition, since such a floor heating device can perform the heat storage device mounting work on the lower surface of the deck plate independently of the floor work on the upper surface of the deck plate, the floor heating work and the construction period of the building having the floor heating device can be shortened. Can be planned. Further, by installing a heat storage device on a deck plate in advance in a factory or the like and then performing floor heating work using the deck plate with the heat storage device on site, the floor heating work period can be further reduced.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment (eye deck type) of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of laying an eye deck type deck plate. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing another example of laying an eye deck type deck plate. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment (deck plate type) of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a floor heating device according to a conventional example. [Description of Signs] 1 Floor slab 3 Planar heater (heater) 4 Heat storage material 10 Deck plate 12 Beam 13 Foundation floor 18 Slab concrete 19 Insulation material layer 20 Formwork 30 Heat storage device.

Continuation of the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24D 11/00 E04B 5/48 E04F 15/18 F24D 13/02

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A deck plate is laid in parallel to form a foundation floor surface, and a heat storage material having a large latent heat and a heat storage material are heated and melted on the lower surface of the deck plate. A floor, characterized in that a heater to be disposed is provided, a heat insulating material is further disposed below the base floor surface on which the heat storage material and the heater are disposed, and slab concrete is cast above the base floor surface. Heating system.