JP3466044B2 - Electrostatic sorting device - Google Patents
Electrostatic sorting deviceInfo
- Publication number
- JP3466044B2 JP3466044B2 JP07253197A JP7253197A JP3466044B2 JP 3466044 B2 JP3466044 B2 JP 3466044B2 JP 07253197 A JP07253197 A JP 07253197A JP 7253197 A JP7253197 A JP 7253197A JP 3466044 B2 JP3466044 B2 JP 3466044B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- metal drum
- sorted
- drum electrode
- crushed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、都市ゴミ、粗大ゴ
ミなどのプラスチックからなる粉砕ゴミの選別を行う静
電選別装置に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic sorting device for sorting crushed dust made of plastic such as city dust and oversized dust.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来の落下型の静電選別装置の構成を図
３に基づいて説明する。複数の種類の被選別粒子１に
は、前工程において、帯電性を良くするために特殊な界
面活性剤などからなる助剤が混入され、次にこれら粒子
１は、たとえば空気流動槽、摩擦帯電パイプを移送され
ることにより摩擦され、帯電列にしたがって帯電され
る。2. Description of the Related Art The structure of a conventional drop type electrostatic sorting device will be described with reference to FIG. A plurality of types of particles 1 to be sorted are mixed with an auxiliary agent such as a special surfactant in order to improve the charging property in the previous step. It is rubbed by being transferred through the pipe and charged according to the charging train.
【０００３】この帯電された粒子１は、高電圧が印加さ
れた陽極２とこの陽極２に対向し接地された陰極３間に
形成された分離電界内に自由落下され、帯電電荷の符
号、および電荷量の違いにしたがって分離容器４，５，
６へ分離される。The charged particles 1 are freely dropped into a separation electric field formed between an anode 2 to which a high voltage is applied and a cathode 3 facing the anode 2 and grounded. Separation containers 4, 5 according to the difference in the amount of charge
It is separated into 6.
【０００４】たとえば、粒子１が正電荷が帯電されてい
る場合、電界はこの正電荷に作用し、粒子は陽極２から
反発され、陰極３側へ引き寄せられ、陰極３の下の第１
分離容器４へ落下し、回収される。For example, when the particles 1 are positively charged, the electric field acts on the positive charges, the particles are repelled from the anode 2 and attracted to the cathode 3 side, and the first under the cathode 3.
It falls into the separation container 4 and is collected.
【０００５】このように、複数の種類の粒子１は電極
２，３間を落下中に分離され、分離容器４，５，６に回
収される。As described above, the plurality of types of particles 1 are separated while falling between the electrodes 2 and 3 and collected in the separation containers 4, 5 and 6.
【０００６】[0006]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、被選別粒子１
がプラスチックの混合物の場合、上記落下型の静電選別
装置では、下記の式（１）を満足しなければ、選別能力
が劣るため、電極２，３間にかかる印加電圧は大きくな
るばかりか、処理量を大きくするためにはさらに大きな
電圧が必要になるという問題があった。However, the particles to be sorted 1
In the case of a mixture of plastics, in the above-mentioned drop type electrostatic sorting device, unless the following formula (1) is satisfied, the sorting ability is poor, so that not only the applied voltage between the electrodes 2 and 3 increases, There is a problem that a larger voltage is required to increase the throughput.
【０００７】[0007]
【数１】
式（１）において、ｋは比例定数（8.99＊109 Ｎ・ｍ2
・Ｃ-2）、ｑ1 はプラスチックの電荷、ｑ2 は電極板表
面での電荷、ｒはｑ1 とｑ2 の距離（≒プラスチックと
電極板の距離）、ｍはプラスチックの重量、ｇは重力加
速度である。[Equation 1] In equation (1), k is a proportional constant (8.99 * 10 9 N · m 2
C -2 ), q 1 is the charge of plastic, q 2 is the charge on the surface of the electrode plate, r is the distance between q 1 and q 2 (≈ distance between plastic and electrode plate), m is the weight of plastic, g is It is the acceleration of gravity.
【０００８】そこで、本発明は、従来の方式より低い電
圧で、安価で選別性能が向上した静電選別装置を提供す
ることを目的としたものである。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an electrostatic sorting apparatus which is lower in voltage than conventional methods and which is inexpensive and has improved sorting performance.
【０００９】[0009]
【課題を解決するための手段】前述した目的を達成する
ために、本発明のうち請求項１記載の静電選別装置は、
プラスチックからなる被選別粉砕ゴミに帯電させる帯電
装置と、水平軸心周りに所定方向に回転され、前記帯電
装置から帯電された前記被選別粉砕ゴミが散布される金
属ドラム電極と、前記金属ドラム電極の曲面に平行な曲
板または平板形状に形成され、前記金属ドラム電極の斜
め上方に位置し、前記金属ドラム電極により反発された
前記被選別粉砕ゴミを引きつける対向電極と、この対向
電極に引きつけられた前記被選別粉砕ゴミを吸引して回
収する吸引回収手段と、前記金属ドラム電極と対向電極
間に高電圧を印加する電源装置と、前記金属ドラム電極
に沿って落下した前記被選別粉砕ゴミを回収する第１回
収手段と、前記金属ドラム電極上に吸着された前記被選
別粉砕ゴミを回収する第２回収手段とを備えたことを特
徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an electrostatic sorting device according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
A charging device for charging the crushed dust to be sorted, which is made of plastic, a metal drum electrode which is rotated around a horizontal axis in a predetermined direction and which is sprayed with the crushed dust to be sorted charged from the charging device, and the metal drum electrode Curve parallel to the curved surface of
A counter electrode that is formed in a plate or flat plate shape, is located diagonally above the metal drum electrode, and that attracts the crushed crushed dust that is repelled by the metal drum electrode, and the crushed crushed dust that is attracted to the counter electrode. Suction and collection means for sucking and collecting the metal, a power supply device for applying a high voltage between the metal drum electrode and the counter electrode, and a first collecting means for collecting the sorted crushed dust dropped along the metal drum electrode. And second collecting means for collecting the sorted crushed dust adsorbed on the metal drum electrode.
【００１０】上記構成により、金属ドラム電極と対向電
極間に高電圧が印加されている状態で、帯電装置により
帯電された被選別粉砕ゴミは、金属ドラム電極の上面に
散布される。帯電により電荷が得られなかった被選別粉
砕ゴミは金属ドラム電極に沿って落下し、第１回収手段
へ回収される。また被選別粉砕ゴミの帯電で得られた帯
電符号が金属ドラム電極と同符号のとき、反発され、対
向電極に引きつけられ、吸引回収手段に吸引され、回収
される。また帯電符号が金属ドラム電極と異符号のと
き、この金属ドラム電極に引きつけられる。この金属ド
ラム電極に吸着された被選別粉砕ゴミは、第２回収手段
に回収される。さらに、帯電符号が金属ドラム電極と同
符号の被選別粉砕ゴミを引きつける力が増大し、安定し
て被選別粉砕ゴミが吸引回収され、よって回収率が改善
される。 With the above structure, the crushed dust to be sorted charged by the charging device is scattered on the upper surface of the metal drum electrode in the state where a high voltage is applied between the metal drum electrode and the counter electrode. The crushed dust to be sorted, for which no charge has been obtained by charging, falls along the metal drum electrode and is collected by the first collecting means. When the charge code obtained by charging the crushed dust to be sorted has the same sign as that of the metal drum electrode, it is repelled, attracted to the counter electrode, sucked by the suction collecting means, and collected. When the charging sign is different from that of the metal drum electrode, it is attracted to this metal drum electrode. The sorted crushed dust adsorbed on the metal drum electrode is collected by the second collecting means. Furthermore, the charging code is the same as the metal drum electrode.
The force of attracting the crushed dust to be sorted increases and stabilizes.
The sorted crushed waste is collected by suction, which improves the collection rate.
To be done.
【００１１】このように、被選別粉砕ゴミの種類による
帯電列により、吸引回収手段と、第１回収手段と、第２
回収手段に選別することができる。また請求項２記載の
静電選別装置は、上記請求項１記載の静電選別装置であ
って、前記対向電極は、メッシュ状またはスリット状の
電極であり、このメッシュ状またはスリット状の電極の
前記金属ドラム電極とは反対側に前記吸引回収手段を配
置することを特徴とするものである。As described above, the suction collection means, the first collection means, and the second collection means are selected by the charge train depending on the type of the crushed dust to be sorted.
It can be sorted into a collecting means. The electrostatic sorting device according to claim 2 is the electrostatic sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the counter electrode has a mesh shape or a slit shape.
It is an electrode of this mesh-shaped or slit-shaped electrode
The suction and recovery means is arranged on the side opposite to the metal drum electrode.
It is characterized by placing .
【００１２】[0012]
【００１３】[0013]
【００１４】上記構成により、メッシュ状またはスリッ
ト状の電極の裏面に吸引回収手段が配置され、メッシュ
状またはスリット状の電極を通過した被選別粉砕ゴミが
吸引回収される。これにより、回収率が改善される。With the above structure, the suction / collection means is arranged on the back surface of the mesh-shaped or slit-shaped electrode, and the crushed dust to be sorted which has passed through the mesh-shaped or slit-shaped electrode is collected by suction. This improves the recovery rate.
【００１５】[0015]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面
に基づいて説明する。図１は本発明の実施の形態におけ
るプラスチック静電選別装置の構成図である。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a plastic electrostatic sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【００１６】破砕された選別するプラスチックからなる
被選別粉砕ゴミ11は、摩擦帯電装置12により帯電され、
水平軸心周りに所定方向に回転され、接地されている金
属ドラム電極13の上面へ散布される。The crushed dust 11 to be sorted, which is made of crushed plastic to be sorted, is charged by a friction charging device 12,
It is rotated around a horizontal axis in a predetermined direction and is sprayed on the upper surface of the grounded metal drum electrode 13.
【００１７】金属ドラム電極13の回転方向斜め上方に
は、金属ドラム電極13の曲面に平行な円弧状で、メッシ
ュあるいはスリット状の電極からなる吸引口14付の高電
圧電極15が設けられており、この高電圧電極15には高圧
電源装置16の陽極が接続されている。また高圧電源装置
16の陰極は接地されている。また吸引口14には、金属ド
ラム電極13とは反対側に吸引装置17が接続されている。A high-voltage electrode 15 with a suction port 14 formed of a mesh or slit-shaped electrode in an arc shape parallel to the curved surface of the metal drum electrode 13 is provided diagonally above the metal drum electrode 13 in the rotating direction. The high voltage electrode 15 is connected to the anode of a high voltage power supply device 16. High voltage power supply
The 16 cathodes are grounded. A suction device 17 is connected to the suction port 14 on the side opposite to the metal drum electrode 13.
【００１８】また金属ドラム電極13の下方には、金属ド
ラム電極13の前方位置（回転方向上流側）に上方へ開口
した第１分離容器18が設けられ、また金属ドラム電極13
位置に上方へ開口した第２分離容器19が設けられてい
る。さらに、金属ドラム電極13の回転方向の下流位置
（第２分離容器19の上方位置）には被選別粉砕ゴミ11を
かき落とすブラシ20が設けられている。Below the metal drum electrode 13, there is provided a first separation container 18 which opens upward at a front position (upstream side in the rotational direction) of the metal drum electrode 13, and the metal drum electrode 13 is also provided.
A second separation container 19 that is open upward is provided at the position. Further, a brush 20 for scraping off the sorted pulverized dust 11 is provided at a position downstream of the metal drum electrode 13 in the rotation direction (above the second separation container 19).
【００１９】上記構成による作用を説明する。まず、選
別するプラスチックからなる被選別粉砕ゴミ11は、摩擦
帯電装置12により帯電される。このとき、プラスチック
はその種類により帯電列に従い、プラスあるいはマイナ
スのどちらかに帯電される。The operation of the above configuration will be described. First, the sorted pulverized dust 11 made of plastic to be sorted is charged by the friction charging device 12. At this time, the plastic is charged positively or negatively according to the charging sequence depending on its type.
【００２０】帯電した被選別粉砕ゴミ11は、回転してい
る金属ドラム電極13へ切り出される。切り出された被選
別粉砕ゴミ11は、摩擦帯電で得られた帯電符号が金属ド
ラム電極13と同符号のとき、反発され、対向する高電圧
電極15に引きつけられ、吸引口14から吸引装置17に引か
れて回収される。The charged crushed dust 11 to be sorted is cut out to the rotating metal drum electrode 13. When the electrification code obtained by frictional electrification is the same as that of the metal drum electrode 13, the cut-out pulverized dust 11 that has been cut off is repelled and attracted to the opposing high-voltage electrode 15, and is attracted from the suction port 14 to the suction device 17. It is pulled and collected.
【００２１】このとき、高電圧電極15を金属ドラム電極
の曲面に平行な形状とすることにより、前記帯電符号が
金属ドラム電極13と同符号の被選別粉砕ゴミ11を引きつ
ける力が増大し、安定して被選別粉砕ゴミ11が吸引回収
され、よって回収率が改善される。At this time, by forming the high-voltage electrode 15 in a shape parallel to the curved surface of the metal drum electrode, the force for attracting the crushed dust 11 to be selected having the same charging code as the metal drum electrode 13 increases, and it becomes stable. Then, the pulverized waste 11 to be sorted is sucked and collected, and the collection rate is improved.
【００２２】また摩擦帯電により電荷が得られない（得
られた電荷が少ない）場合、そのまま金属ドラム電極13
の回転に従い落下し、第１分離容器18に回収される。ま
た帯電符号が金属ドラム電極13と異符号のとき、被選別
粉砕ゴミ11は金属ドラム電極13に引きつけられ、この金
属ドラム電極13に吸着された被選別粉砕ゴミ11は回転ブ
ラシ20でかき落とされ、第２分離容器19に回収される。When no electric charge is obtained due to frictional charging (the obtained electric charge is small), the metal drum electrode 13 is used as it is.
It is dropped according to the rotation of and is collected in the first separation container 18. When the charging code is different from that of the metal drum electrode 13, the sorted crushed dust 11 is attracted to the metal drum electrode 13, and the sorted crushed dust 11 adsorbed by the metal drum electrode 13 is scraped off by the rotating brush 20. , And is collected in the second separation container 19.
【００２３】このとき、被選別粉砕ゴミ（プラスチッ
ク）11は金属ドラム電極13に接触して流れていくことに
より、従来の方式より低い電圧で選別ができる。図２に
ＰＶＣ，ＰＰ，ＰＥなどの数種類のプラスチックの選別
を行った結果（図２にはＰＶＣの選別結果を示す）、回
収率９０％、純度９５％の選別結果が得られている。At this time, the crushed dust (plastic) 11 to be sorted comes into contact with the metal drum electrode 13 and flows, so that sorting can be performed at a lower voltage than in the conventional system. As a result of sorting several types of plastics such as PVC, PP and PE in FIG. 2 (FIG. 2 shows the sorting result of PVC), a sorting result of 90% recovery and 95% purity is obtained.
【００２４】このように、摩擦帯電したプラスチックを
静電場が形成されている金属ドラム電極13上に直接供給
し、搬送していくことにより、これまでの落下型や放電
型の静電選別装置より低電圧で、安価で選別性能が優れ
た選別装置を提供することができる。As described above, the triboelectrically charged plastic is directly supplied onto the metal drum electrode 13 on which the electrostatic field is formed and is conveyed, so that the drop-type or discharge-type electrostatic sorting apparatus used up to now can be used. It is possible to provide a sorting device that has a low voltage, is inexpensive, and has excellent sorting performance.
【００２５】なお、上記実施の形態では、金属ドラム電
極13を接地し、高電圧電極15にプラスの電圧を印加して
いるが、電圧の印加を逆にして金属ドラム電極13を高電
圧ドラム電極とすることも可能である。In the above embodiment, the metal drum electrode 13 is grounded and the positive voltage is applied to the high voltage electrode 15. However, the application of the voltage is reversed to replace the metal drum electrode 13 with the high voltage drum electrode. It is also possible to
【００２６】また、上記実施の形態では、高電圧電極15
をメッシュあるいはスリット状の電極から形成している
が、高電圧電極15に引きつけられた被選別粉砕ゴミ11を
吸引装置17により吸引できればよく、単に金属ドラム電
極13の曲面に平行な曲板または平板形状であってもよ
い。このとき、吸引装置17は高電圧電極15に吸着しよう
とする被選別粉砕ゴミ11を吸引できる位置に配置され
る。In the above embodiment, the high voltage electrode 15 is used.
Is formed from a mesh or slit-shaped electrode, it suffices that the crushed dust 11 to be sorted attracted to the high-voltage electrode 15 can be sucked by the suction device 17, and simply a curved plate or a flat plate parallel to the curved surface of the metal drum electrode 13. It may have a shape. At this time, the suction device 17 is arranged at a position capable of sucking the crushed dust 11 to be sorted which is to be attracted to the high voltage electrode 15.
【００２７】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上述べたように本発明によれば、被選
別粉砕ゴミの種類による帯電列により、吸引回収手段と
第１回収手段と第２回収手段と第３回収手段に被選別粉
砕ゴミを選別することができるとともに、被選別粉砕ゴ
ミは金属ドラム電極に接触して流れていくことにより、
従来の方式より低い電圧で、安価に選別することができ
る。また、対向電極を金属ドラム電極の曲面に平行な曲
板または平板形状に形成することにより、帯電符号が金
属ドラム電極と同符号の被選別粉砕ゴミを引きつける力
が増大し、安定して被選別粉砕ゴミが吸引回収され、よ
って回収率を改善することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the crushed dust to be sorted is collected in the suction collecting means, the first collecting means, the second collecting means, and the third collecting means by the charge train depending on the kind of the crushed dust to be sorted. In addition to being able to sort, the crushed waste to be sorted comes into contact with the metal drum electrode and flows,
It is possible to select at low cost with a lower voltage than the conventional method. In addition, bend the counter electrode parallel to the curved surface of the metal drum electrode.
By forming a plate or plate shape, the charging code is gold
Power to attract the crushed dust to be sorted with the same sign as the metal drum electrode
Is increased, and the pulverized waste to be sorted is sucked and collected stably.
Therefore, the recovery rate can be improved.
【図１】本発明の実施の形態におけるプラスチック静電
選別装置の構成図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a plastic electrostatic sorting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】同プラスチック静電選別装置の選別結果を示す
特性図である。FIG. 2 is a characteristic diagram showing a selection result of the plastic electrostatic sorting apparatus.
【図３】従来の落下型静電選別装置の構成図である。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional drop-type electrostatic sorting device.
11 被選別粉砕ゴミ 12 帯電装置 13 金属ドラム電極 14 吸引口 15 高電圧電極（対向電極） 16 高圧電源装置 17 吸引装置（吸引回収手段） 18 第１分離容器（第１回収手段） 19 第２分離容器（第２回収手段） 11 Sorted crushed garbage 12 Charging device 13 Metal drum electrode 14 Suction port 15 High voltage electrode (counter electrode) 16 High-voltage power supply 17 Suction device (suction recovery means) 18 1st separation container (1st collection means) 19 Second separation container (second collection means)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 前畑 英彦 大阪府大阪市此花区西九条５丁目３番28 号 日立造船株式会社内 (56)参考文献 特開 平４−131152（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平９−38524（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 昭64−48154（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B03C 7/00 - 7/12 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hidehiko Maebata 5-3-3 Nishikujo 5-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Prefecture Hitachi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-4-131152 (JP, A) Kaihei 9-38524 (JP, A) Actual development Sho 64-48154 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B03C 7/ 00-7/12
Claims (2)
帯電させる帯電装置と、 水平軸心周りに所定方向に回転され、前記帯電装置から
帯電された前記被選別粉砕ゴミが散布される金属ドラム
電極と、前記金属ドラム電極の曲面に平行な曲板または平板形状
に形成され、 前記金属ドラム電極の斜め上方に位置し、
前記金属ドラム電極により反発された前記被選別粉砕ゴ
ミを引きつける対向電極と、 この対向電極に引きつけられた前記被選別粉砕ゴミを吸
引して回収する吸引回収手段と、 前記金属ドラム電極と対向電極間に高電圧を印加する電
源装置と、 前記金属ドラム電極に沿って落下した前記被選別粉砕ゴ
ミを回収する第１回収手段と、 前記金属ドラム電極上に吸着された前記被選別粉砕ゴミ
を回収する第２回収手段と、 を備えたことを特徴とする静電選別装置。1. A charging device for charging crushed dust to be sorted, which is made of plastic, and a metal drum electrode which is rotated around a horizontal axis in a predetermined direction and which is sprayed with the crushed dust to be sorted charged from the charging device. , Curved plate or flat plate shape parallel to the curved surface of the metal drum electrode
Formed diagonally above the metal drum electrode,
Between the metal drum electrode and the counter electrode, a counter electrode that attracts the crushed crushed dust that is repelled by the metal drum electrode, a suction and collection unit that sucks and collects the crushed crushed dust that is attracted to the counter electrode. A power supply device for applying a high voltage to the metal drum electrode; a first collecting means for collecting the sorted crushed dust that has fallen along the metal drum electrode; and a sorted crushed dust adsorbed on the metal drum electrode. An electrostatic sorting device comprising: a second collecting unit.
ット状の電極であり、このメッシュ状またはスリット状
の電極の前記金属ドラム電極とは反対側に前記吸引回収
手段を配置することを特徴とする請求項１記載の静電選
別装置。2. The counter electrode has a mesh shape or a slit.
This is a mesh-shaped electrode or a slit-shaped electrode.
Suction collection on the side of the electrode opposite to the metal drum electrode
Electrostatic sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the placing means.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07253197A JP3466044B2 (en) | 1997-03-26 | 1997-03-26 | Electrostatic sorting device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07253197A JP3466044B2 (en) | 1997-03-26 | 1997-03-26 | Electrostatic sorting device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10263438A JPH10263438A (en) | 1998-10-06 |
| JP3466044B2 true JP3466044B2 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
Family
ID=13492027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP07253197A Expired - Fee Related JP3466044B2 (en) | 1997-03-26 | 1997-03-26 | Electrostatic sorting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3466044B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5701237B2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2015-04-15 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Electrostatic sorting device |
| CN105709926A (en) * | 2014-12-03 | 2016-06-29 | 九芝堂股份有限公司 | Impurity removal device |
| JP7214055B1 (en) | 2022-02-22 | 2023-01-27 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Electrostatic sorting device |
-
1997
- 1997-03-26 JP JP07253197A patent/JP3466044B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH10263438A (en) | 1998-10-06 |
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