JPH10328579A - Electrostatic sorter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrostatic sorter which efficiently sorts a mixture by each kind by forming a wide electric field region between a rotary drum and electrodes. SOLUTION: The electrode 2 of the electrostatic starter constituted by disposing the electrode 2 isolatedly from the peripheral surface of the rotary drum 1 along the peripheral surface of the rotary drum consists of a cylindrical electrode 3 disposed to face the rotary drum 1 and a meshed electrode 4 having an arc surface approximately concentric with the rotary drum 1 on the downstream side of the rotating direction of the rotary drum 1 of the cylindrical electrode 3. The mixture composed of metals and plastics, etc., is electrified to either positive or negative by the electric field generated between the rotary drum 1 and the electrode 2. Part of the electrified positive charge materials are attracted to the cylindrical electrode 3 of a high voltage having a negative potential. The remaining positive charge materials are attracted to the meshed electrode 4 of a high voltage having a negative potential but since the electrode is meshed, the materials fall by passing the meshed electrode 4 without being hindered by the electrode. On the other hand, the negative charge materials rotate by adhering to the rotary drum 1 and are adhered to the rotary drum 1 with stronger power by the effect of the electric field generated by the meshed electrode 4. Part of these material fall after parting from the electric field and the remaining material are scraped and dropped by a brush 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrostatic separation apparatus for separating a mixture of metal and plastic or a mixture of plastics collected as recycled resources by type.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an electrostatic sorting apparatus, an electric field is created by using electrodes provided in the apparatus by using two or more kinds of substances by using a difference in their charging properties, a negatively charged substance is attached to a rotating drum, and a positively charged substance is attached. Is a sorting device for sorting by flying from a rotating drum. Some substances are positively charged and others are negatively charged.

FIG. 5 is a public utility model gazette (Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 64-4).
8154), which relates to an electrostatic sorting device for granular materials, wherein a rotating drum a that rotates in the direction of arrow A is provided at regular intervals along the peripheral surface of the rotating drum a, and a predetermined spacing is provided from the rotating drum a. And a plurality of round bar electrodes b arranged in the above manner. The combustion ash containing unburned carbon is supplied from the hopper c onto the rotary drum a and moves in the direction of arrow B. The combustion ash is charged and separated by applying it to the round bar electrode b, the separated ash is discharged from the separated ash outlet d, the treated ash is discharged from the treated ash outlet e, and the rotating drum a is The processing ash attached to the surface is scraped off. It should be noted that Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 64-48154 also shows, as another embodiment, an example in which a plate-like high-voltage electrode (not shown) is provided instead of the round bar electrode b.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a published patent publication (JP-A-52-404).
In the metal recovery apparatus according to the method for recovering metal from solid waste disclosed in (01), crushed pieces such as metal pieces are thrown into a conveyor belt k which is provided above the magnet rotating drum g and advances in an inclined manner. The input crushed pieces are placed on the conveyor belt k and move, but the large metal pieces r of the crushed pieces are perpendicular to the traveling direction of the conveyor belt k due to the magnetic field generated by the rotation of the magnet rotating drum g. The metal strip r and the non-metal strip s move downward along the slope of the belt k and fall from the belt k. The crushed pieces (small metal pieces r and non-metal pieces s) dropped from the conveyor belt k are rotated by a rotating electrode i connected to a DC power source u.
And between the rotating electrode i and the roll conveyor h, and falls on the roll conveyor h. The metal strip r and the non-metal strip s are separated by the rotation of the roll conveyor h and the action of gravity, and dropped into the metal strip bunker o and the non-metal strip bunker p. q is a partition plate, t is a belt support.

[0005]

However, in the case of Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 64-48154, since the electrode is a round bar,
The separated substance hits the round bar electrode. Moreover, since the round bar electrodes are arranged laterally along the peripheral surface of the rotating drum, the electric field between the rotating drum and the round bar electrodes has a strong or weak strength in the rotating direction of the drum. The plate electrode shown as an example hits the electrode more than the round bar electrode and cannot be sorted efficiently. On the other hand, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-40401, an electric field is created between the rotating electrode and the roll conveyor, so that it is not possible to create a wide electric field area between the rotating electrode and the roll conveyor. Can not.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. A wide electric field region is formed between a rotating drum and an electrode, and a mixture can be separated for each type to efficiently sort the mixture. It is an object to provide an electrostatic sorting device.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electrostatic separation apparatus having electrodes disposed along the peripheral surface of a rotating drum and spaced apart from the peripheral surface of the drum. The electrode has a cylindrical electrode disposed so as to face the rotary drum, and an arc surface substantially concentric with the rotary drum downstream of the cylindrical electrode in the rotation direction of the rotary drum. And an electrostatic sorting device comprising a mesh electrode.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the electrode is formed only of a mesh electrode having an arc surface substantially concentric with the rotating drum.

Next, the operation of the present invention will be described. The electrode consisting of a cylindrical electrode and a mesh-shaped electrode creates a wide electric field area with the rotating drum, and a substance separated from the rotating drum can fly out through the space between the meshes. Can be separated for each type and can be sorted efficiently. The electrodes may be only mesh electrodes.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, and is a side sectional view of an electrostatic sorting device according to the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a main body 1 of an electrostatic sorting device.
The rotary drum provided in the cylinder 0 rotates in the direction of arrow A by a rotary drive device (not shown). 1a is a rotating shaft of the rotating drum 1. Reference numeral 2 denotes an electrode, which is a cylindrical or elliptical cylindrical electrode 3 (elliptical in the present embodiment) provided so as to face the rotary drum 1, and a downstream of the cylindrical electrode 3 in the rotation direction of the rotary drum 1. On the side, a mesh-shaped electrode 4 having an arc surface substantially concentric with the rotating drum 1 is formed and connected to a power supply 12. A high DC voltage having a negative potential is applied to the cylindrical electrode 3 and the mesh electrode 4. Reference numeral 5 denotes a brush arranged so as to be in contact with the peripheral surface of the rotary drum 1 for scraping off substances adhered to the rotary drum 1. Reference numerals 6 and 7 denote particles of the material that have been sorted and deposited on the bottom of the electrostatic sorting device main body 10. 9 is a ground connected to the rotating drum 1. 1
Reference numeral 1 denotes a hopper for charging a mixture of crushed metal and plastic into the rotating drum 1.

Next, the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
A mixture of previously crushed metal and plastic is charged from the hopper 11 onto the rotating drum 1 and put on the rotating drum 1 and rotated. The mixture is composed of a rotating drum 1 and an electrode 2
And is charged to either positive or negative by the electric field generated between them. Part of the charged positively charged substance is attracted to the high-voltage cylindrical electrode 3 having a negative potential. The remaining positively charged substance is attracted to the high-voltage mesh electrode 4 having a negative potential, but falls through the mesh electrode 4 without being obstructed by the electrode because the electrode is mesh-shaped. On the other hand, the negatively-charged substance adheres to the rotating drum 1 and rotates.
Adheres to Then, a part falls after leaving the electric field, and the rest is scraped off by the brush 5 and falls. As described above, the selection is performed by creating a wide electric field region by the cylindrical electrode 3 and the mesh electrode 4.

[0012]

Next, the experimental results of the present invention will be described. In the apparatus used in this experiment, the rotating drum, the cylindrical electrode and the mesh electrode were all made of SUS, the size of the rotating drum was 250 mm in diameter, and the size of the cylindrical electrode was 400 m in length. It has an elliptical shape with a major axis of 100 mm and a minor axis of 700 mm. The size of the mesh electrode is 200 mm long,
The width is 400 mm, the mesh interval is 10 mm, and the wire diameter is 1 mm. The distance between the rotating drum and the cylindrical and mesh electrodes is 100 mm. The potential of the rotating drum was set to 0, and a DC voltage having a negative potential of 30 KV was applied to the cylindrical electrode and the mesh electrode.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the recovery ratio of PVC and Cu, which was tested using a cylindrical electrode and a mesh electrode.
In FIG. 3, the vertical axis indicates the collection ratio (%), and the horizontal axis indicates the number of the collected box. The box is located below the rotating drum,
Fourteen are arranged in parallel with the axis of the rotating drum.
In the box, the numeral 14 side is the lower side of the rotating drum, and the numeral 1 side is the side distant upstream in the rotating direction of the rotating drum.
In the figure, the solid line indicates the distribution state of PVC, and the dotted line indicates the distribution state of Cu.

As a result of this experiment, as shown in FIG. 3, Cu dropped in boxes 1 to 6 and PVC dropped in boxes 8 to 14; It can be seen that PVC and Cu are slightly mixed in the box.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the mixing ratio of PVC and Cu in an example in which an experiment was conducted using only a cylindrical electrode without using a mesh electrode.

In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents the recovery ratio (%),
The horizontal axis indicates the number of the collected box. In the figure, the solid line is PV
The distribution state of C and the dotted line indicate the distribution state of Cu.
In this experiment, an example in which a voltage having a negative potential of 30 KV is applied to the cylindrical electrode 3 is shown.

As a result of this experiment, as shown in FIG. 4, Cu has fallen in boxes Nos. 1 to 10 and PVC has fallen in boxes Nos. 5 to 14; It can be seen that PVC and Cu are mixed in the number box.

FIG. 2 shows a modification of the present invention, and is a side sectional view of an electrostatic sorting device. The same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and will not be described because they are redundant. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating drum provided in the electrostatic sorting device main body 10, which is rotated in the direction of arrow A by a rotation driving device (not shown). 1a is a rotation axis. 4A is a mesh electrode having an arc surface substantially concentric with the rotating drum 1. Reference numeral 5 denotes a brush, and reference numerals 6 and 7 denote particles of the material that have been sorted and deposited on the bottom of the electrostatic sorting device main body 10. 9 is a ground, and 11 is a hopper.

The operation of the present modification is substantially the same as that of the embodiment of the present invention, since the cylindrical electrode of the present invention described with reference to FIG.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. In this embodiment, a positive potential is applied to the rotating drum,
Although an example in which a negative voltage is applied to the cylindrical electrode and the mesh electrode has been described, it is needless to say that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, a wide electric field region is formed between the rotary drum and the cylindrical electrode and the mesh electrode, and the mixture is sorted by the wide electric field region. Can be improved. It has excellent effects such as.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an electrostatic sorting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of an electrostatic sorting device showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the mixing ratio of PVC and Cu, which was tested using a cylindrical electrode and a mesh electrode.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the mixing ratio of PVC and Cu, which was tested only with a cylindrical electrode.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view of a conventional electrostatic particle sorting apparatus.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a metal recovery apparatus according to a conventional method for recovering metal from solid waste.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary drum 1a Rotating shaft 2 Electrode 3 Cylindrical electrode 4 Mesh electrode 5 Brush 6,7 Particles of deposited material 8 Partition plate 9 Earth 10 Device body 11 Hopper 12 Power supply

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An electrostatic sorting device comprising an electrode disposed along a peripheral surface of a rotary drum and spaced apart from the peripheral surface of the drum.
A mesh having a cylindrical electrode disposed so as to face the rotary drum and an arc surface substantially concentric with the rotary drum downstream of the cylindrical electrode in the rotation direction of the rotary drum; An electrostatic sorting device comprising: a shape electrode. 2. The electrostatic sorting device according to claim 1, wherein the electrode is formed only of a mesh electrode having an arc surface substantially concentric with the rotating drum.