JP3451689B2 - Check valve for compressor - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a check valve for a compressor which is provided on the discharge side of a compressor used in a refrigeration system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A compressor used in a refrigeration system has a four-way structure in which oil is replenished to a bearing portion in the refrigerator, a capacity control mechanism is operated, or the discharge side and the suction side of the compressor are reversibly connected to a refrigerant pipe. The operation of the switching valve and the like are carried out by the differential pressure driving force between the high pressure on the discharge side and the low pressure on the suction side.

[0003]

However, since the differential pressure is small at the time of start-up or when switching between normal operation and defrost operation, the four-way switching valve causes an initial malfunction and causes a difference between the discharge side and the suction side. A short circuit is likely to occur between the two, and in such a case, the high pressure on the discharge side does not rise easily, and no sufficient differential pressure driving force is generated at any time. Is not solved at all, and there is a problem that operation cannot be continued with poor refueling or that low capacity operation cannot be switched to high capacity operation.

In this case, a check valve is provided on the discharge side of the compressor, and the spring force for urging the check valve in the closing direction is increased so that the high pressure rises to a predetermined value. It is conceivable that the check valve be closed, but during normal operation, a large passage resistance is added to the check valve, which causes a problem that the efficiency of the compressor is reduced.

The main object of the present invention is to increase the high-pressure pressure rapidly at the time of starting, etc., and to secure a sufficient differential pressure driving force at an early stage. The point is to provide a non-return valve for a compressor, which has a low resistance and enables highly efficient operation.

[0006]

Therefore, in order to achieve the above-mentioned main object, the invention according to claim 1 provides a valve between a primary side and a secondary side of a passage as shown in FIGS. In a check valve for a compressor in which a body 5 is provided and the valve body 5 is slidably supported by a valve guide 3 on the stationary member side via a guide rod 2 provided on the valve body 5, the primary passage When the pressure difference between the secondary side and the secondary side is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the guide rod 2 is engaged with the valve guide 3 to hold the closed state of the valve body 5, and the pressure difference is predetermined. When the value exceeds the value, the operation piston 11 for releasing the engagement by the stopper 9 and allowing the movement of the guide rod 2 is provided.

According to the second aspect of the invention, in order to make the invention of the first aspect compact, the stopper 9 is provided on the radially movable sphere 91 held by the guide rod 2 and the valve guide 3. The operation piston 11 is provided with a predetermined pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage when the spherical body 91 is extended outward in the radial direction, and the tapered receiving portion 92 engages with the spherical body 91. A large diameter portion 11a that projects the sphere 91 radially outward when the value is less than or equal to a value, and a small diameter portion 11b that stores the sphere 91 radially inward when the pressure difference exceeds a predetermined value. Made into a structure.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned main object with a different structure, the invention according to claim 3 disposes a valve element 5 between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage as shown in FIGS. In the check valve for the compressor, the urging body 7 that normally urges the valve body 5 in the closing direction.
0, an operation chamber 30 facing a part of the pressure receiving surface on the side where the valve body 5 is moved in the closing direction, and a low pressure introduction passage 90 for always introducing a low pressure to the operation chamber 30.

The invention according to claim 4 constitutes the invention according to claim 3 in a compact manner.
The structure is defined between the top of the guide rod 2 provided in the above and the bottom of the valve guide 3 on the stationary member side on which the guide rod 2 slides.

[0010]

According to the first aspect of the invention, when the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage is equal to or less than a predetermined value, as shown in FIG. , The closed state of the valve body 5 is maintained, and the discharge side of the compressor is forcibly closed. When the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the operating piston 1
By 1, the engagement by the stopper 9 is released, the movement of the guide rod 2 is allowed, and the opening / closing operation of the valve body 5 is ensured in the same manner as a normal check valve. The valve body 5 is forcibly closed when the differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage is below a predetermined value, and when the differential pressure exceeds the predetermined value, the forced closing is released. Therefore, the pressure on the discharge side of the compressor, that is, the high pressure, can be quickly increased at the time of starting, and the passage resistance that can occur at the check valve portion can be made small during the normal operation.

According to the second aspect of the invention, when the differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage is less than a predetermined value, the spherical body 91 is the large diameter portion 11a of the operating piston 11 as shown in FIG. The sphere 91 is engaged with the tapered receiving portion 92, whereby the guide rod 2 is engaged with the valve guide 3 and the closed state of the valve body 5 is maintained. . When the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the spherical body 91 moves along the tapered receiving portion 92, and the spherical body 91 is housed in the small diameter portion 11b of the operation piston 11, thereby , The engagement between the spherical body 91 and the tapered receiving portion 92 is released, and the guide rod 2 becomes free to move to the valve guide 3,
The opening / closing operation of the valve body 5 becomes possible. In this way, the desired operation can be performed while being compact as a whole.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when the differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage is small, as shown in FIG.
The urging body 70 closes the valve body 5 and forcibly closes the discharge side of the compressor. Then, when the pressure difference on the discharge side of the compressor rises and the differential pressure rises, the valve body 5 opens against the biasing body 70, as shown in FIG. At this time, since the operation chamber 30 to which the low pressure is constantly guided via the low pressure introduction passage 90 faces a part of the pressure receiving surface on the side for moving the valve body 5 in the closing direction, A force for pulling the valve body 5 to the open side is applied, and the urging force of the urging body 70 is reduced, and the valve body 5 is positively opened.
During normal operation, the passage resistance that can occur in the check valve portion can be made small.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the operation chamber 30 is provided between the top of the guide rod 2 provided on the valve body 5 and the bottom of the valve guide 3, it is compact as a whole, but it is intended. It can be activated.

[0014]

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in a cylindrical valve body 1, between a primary side 1a and a secondary side 1b of a passage 10 extending from a discharge side of a compressor. On the seat 1
A valve seat 50 seated on c, a valve seat 4 at both ends thereof, and a disc-shaped valve body 5 having a seat retainer 6 are provided. The valve body 5 is slidably supported by the tubular portion 31 of the valve guide 3 via a guide rod 2 protruding from the back side of the valve body 5. The valve guide 3 is supported on the valve body 1 via a plurality of support legs 32 provided radially on the tubular portion 31, and the end portion is locked by a C-shaped retaining ring 8.

With the above construction, when the pressure difference between the primary side 1a and the secondary side 1b of the passage 10 is below a predetermined value, the guide rod 2
A stopper 9 for maintaining the closed state of the valve body 5 by engaging the valve guide 3 with the valve guide 3 and an operation for releasing the engagement by the stopper 9 to allow the movement of the guide rod 2 when the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value. And a piston 11.

Specifically, in the middle of the hollow guide rod 2, for example, about two spheres 91, 91 that are movable in the radial direction are held, and the inner surface of the tubular portion 30 of the valve guide 3 is held. At the time of projecting the spherical body 91 outward in the radial direction (FIG. 1), an annular tapered receiving portion 92 that engages the spherical body 91 is provided, and the spherical body 91 and the tapered receiving portion 9 are provided.
The stopper 9 is constituted by 2 and. Incidentally, instead of the tapered receiving portion 92, a step portion or the like may be used. Also, the guide rod 2
Of the sphere 91 at the upper portion 21a of the holding portion and the portion 2 below the holding portion over a predetermined span corresponding to the valve stroke.
1b has a smaller outer diameter corresponding to the upper small diameter portion of the tapered receiving portion 92 of the valve guide 3, and the lower portion 22 of the guide rod 2 is a lower portion of the tapered receiving portion 92 of the valve guide 3. The outer diameter is increased to correspond to the large diameter part.

Further, inside the guide rod 2, a piston hole 20 is provided.
The operation piston 11 is provided in the hole 20 and the lid 10 is fitted to the upper end by screwing or the like. The lower end of the operation piston 11 is locked to the locking step 23. At the same time, the primary-side pressure introducing passage 24 faces the primary-side pressure chamber 25 into which the primary-side pressure is introduced, and the upper end of the operating piston 11 abuts a spring 26 that biases in the closing direction. The secondary pressure introducing passage 27 faces the secondary pressure chamber 28 into which the secondary pressure is introduced. In the upper part of the operation piston 11, the pressing force from the primary pressure chamber 25 side is smaller than the pressing force from the secondary pressure chamber 28 side, and the differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side is a predetermined value. In the following cases (FIG. 1), the large diameter portion 11 a is provided to make the spherical body 91 project outward in the radial direction. Further, in the intermediate portion of the operation piston 11, the pressing force on the primary pressure chamber 25 side is larger than the pressing force from the secondary pressure chamber 28 side, and the differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side is a predetermined value. When it exceeds (Fig. 2 or 3),
A small-diameter portion 11b for accommodating the sphere 91 radially inward is provided. Further, a large diameter portion 11c is provided on the lower portion of the operation piston 11 so as to correspond to the upper portion.

With the above construction, as shown in FIG. 1, when starting the compressor, the primary side 1a and the secondary side 1b of the passage 10 and the primary side pressure chamber 25 and the secondary side pressure chamber 28 are almost the same. Due to the pressure, the operating piston 11 is located below and the sphere 91
Is extended outward in the radial direction by the large-diameter portion 11a of the operation piston 11 and engaged with the tapered receiving portion 92,
The closed state of the valve body 5 is maintained. When the pressure on the primary side 1a of the passage 10 rises and the pressure of the primary pressure chamber 25 rises, the operation piston 11 moves upward and the sphere 91 moves the small diameter portion 11b of the operation piston 11 as shown in FIG.
When the guide rod 2 rises to open the valve body 5 due to the pressure increase on the primary side 1a, the spherical body 91 moves along the tapered receiving portion 92 and the small diameter of the operating piston 11 is reached. It is stored in the part 11b. Thus
During normal operation, as shown in FIG. 3, the guide rod 2 can freely move to the valve guide 3 in a state where the spherical body 91 and the tapered receiving portion 92 are disengaged, and the guide valve 2 is Perform the same operation. In addition, when the compressor is stopped, the valve body 5 is moved by its own weight.
Is closed and the same state as in FIG. 1 is reached, and the backflow of the discharge gas is blocked.

5 to 7 show a second embodiment of the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is that the stopper 9 and the operating piston 11 are different.
Instead of the above, an urging body 70 formed of a coil spring for urging the valve body 5 in the closing direction is provided between the support leg 32 of the valve guide 3 and the valve seat 4 of the valve body 5.
It becomes a part of the pressure receiving surface on the side for moving the valve body 5 in the closing direction,
An operation chamber 30 is provided between the top of the solid guide rod 2 and the bottom of the tubular portion 31 of the valve guide 3, and a low pressure is constantly guided to the operation chamber 30 via the low pressure introduction passage 90. That is the point. In addition, 100 is a positioning pin, and 9
00 is a low pressure pipe joint.

In the second embodiment, at the start of the compressor, the primary side 1a and the secondary side 1b of the passage 10 and the operation chamber 30 are almost at the same pressure, and as shown in FIG. Thereby, the valve body 5 is closed and the discharge side of the compressor is closed.
Then, when the pressure on the primary side 1a rises due to the rise in the discharge side pressure of the compressor, as shown in FIG. 6, the valve body 5 opens against the biasing body 70, and the normal operation is started. During normal operation,
Since the operation chamber 30 is always at a low pressure, a force for pulling the valve body 5 to the open side is applied from the operation chamber 30, so that the urging force of the urging body 70 is reduced and the valve body 5 is positively moved. As a result, the passage resistance that can occur at the check valve portion can be reduced.

[0021]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the high pressure can be rapidly increased by the stopper 9 and the operating piston 11 at the time of starting the compressor or when switching between the normal operation and the defrost operation. It is possible to secure sufficient differential pressure driving force at an early stage and to perform good differential pressure lubrication, etc., but at the time of normal operation, the passage resistance that can occur at the check valve part can be made small, and highly efficient operation can be performed. .

According to the second aspect of the present invention, due to the spherical body 91, the tapered receiving portion 92, and the large diameter portion 11a and the small diameter portion 11b of the operating piston 11, the overall operation is compact, but the desired operation is achieved. Can be done.

According to the third aspect of the invention, the biasing member 70 is provided.
With the operation chamber 30 and the low-pressure introduction passage 90, the high-pressure pressure can be quickly increased at the time of starting the compressor, switching between the normal operation and the defrost operation, and secure a sufficient differential pressure driving force at an early stage. In addition, it is possible to reduce the passage resistance that may occur in the check valve portion during normal operation while performing good differential pressure oil supply and the like, and it is possible to perform highly efficient operation.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the operation chamber 30 is provided between the top of the guide rod 2 and the bottom of the valve guide 3.
Although it is compact as a whole, it can perform the desired operation.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention when starting a compressor.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment when the differential pressure rises after starting.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment during normal operation.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view at the start of starting the compressor in the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the second embodiment when the differential pressure increases after starting and during normal operation.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

2; Guide rod, 3; Valve guide, 5; Valve body, 9; Stopper, 91; Sphere, 92; Tapered receiving part, 11; Operation piston, 11a; Large diameter part, 11b; Small diameter part, 30; Operation chamber , 70; urging body, 90; low pressure introduction passage

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-133914 (JP, A) JP-A-5-239932 (JP, A) JP-A-4-41981 (JP, A) JP-A-54-47126 (JP , A) JP-A-2-264170 (JP, A) Actually open 59-167973 (JP, U) Actually open 62-95721 (JP, U) Actually open 62-149745 (JP, U) Actually open 3-46730 (JP, U) Actual development Sho 59-30575 (JP, U) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F04B 39/10 F16K 15/02 F16K 15/18

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A valve body (5) between a primary side and a secondary side of a passage.
A valve guide (3) on the stationary member side through a guide rod (2) provided on the valve body (5).
In a non-return valve for a compressor, which is slidably supported by the guide rod, the guide rod (2) is engaged with the valve guide (3) when the pressure difference between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage is below a predetermined value. When the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value with the stopper (9) that holds the valve body (5) closed by the combination thereof, the engagement by the stopper (9) is released to remove the guide rod (2). A check valve for a compressor, comprising a control piston (11) for allowing movement. 2. A stopper (9) is provided on a sphere (91) which is held by a guide rod (2) and is movable in the radial direction, and a valve guide (3), and the stopper (9) is located radially outward of the sphere (91). And a taper-shaped receiving portion (92) for engaging the spherical body (91) at the time of overhanging, the operation piston (11) has a differential pressure between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage of a predetermined value or less. At this time, the large diameter portion (11a) that causes the spherical body (91) to project outward in the radial direction.
The check valve for a compressor according to claim 1, further comprising: a small diameter portion (11b) for accommodating the spherical body (91) radially inward when the differential pressure exceeds a predetermined value. 3. A valve body (5) between the primary side and the secondary side of the passage.
In a check valve for a compressor, the biasing body (70) constantly biases the valve body (5) in the closing direction, and the pressure receiving surface on the side for moving the valve body (5) in the closing direction. A check valve for a compressor, comprising: an operation chamber (30) that faces a part of the operation chamber; and a low-pressure introduction passage (90) that constantly introduces a low-pressure pressure into the operation chamber (30). 4. The operation chamber (30) is provided with a top portion of a guide rod (2) provided in the valve body (5) and a bottom portion of a valve guide (3) on the stationary member side on which the guide rod (2) slides. The check valve for a compressor according to claim 3, wherein the check valve is defined between the two.