JP3429274B2 - Optometry model - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an optometry model having a corneal part composed of a lens, a pupil part, and a fundus view insertion part, and is used when practicing examination for fundus disease using a direct-view mirror. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When practicing examination of fundus disease using a direct-view mirror, it can be said that practicing the examination is to look into the fundus of a patient who has the disease. However, trainees have very rare opportunities to encounter patients with the disease. Even if I could meet a patient,
Since I have to use a direct-view mirror while explaining to an inexperienced trainee, I inevitably shine the light from an optometer on the eyeball for a long time. With prolonged irradiation of light to the human body of the eye, there may possibly be damaged eye, the need for accurate eye model that approximates the eye of the human body have been advocated. As this type of optometry model, the one disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-26941 is known. This publicly known optometry model has two through-holes formed by paper or the like in which the through-holes are formed in the distal end walls and is likened to a pupil, and a convex lens is closely attached to the back of the through-hole to insert a fundus view behind the tube. The structure is such that two slits are supported by a stand prepared separately. With this configuration, the optometry practice is performed on the cylinder body that is supported by standing the stand on the desk. The pupil has a structure in which a hole is simply opened in the plane wall, and it is always the same size, and because it is positioned in front of the lens, it does not go beyond the fundus view Has become. The optometry work is difficult,
The image was completely different from the optometry practice for ordinary patients, and it was extremely unnatural as a practice for examining patients with fundus disease.

[0003]

[Problem to be solved by the invention] It is an object of the present invention to enable natural optometry practice involving enlargement / reduction of the pupil in an optometry model having a cornea part composed of a lens, a pupil part and a fundus view insertion part. It is a thing.

[0004]

[Technical means] technical means for solving this technical problem, towards the central portion front of Karaso (b) the fundus view insertion portion side
The guide ring that was once projected , (b) the lens arranged at a distance in front of it, and (c) the soft rubber film with a small hole in the center was stretched to concentrically around the outer periphery of the guide ring. the arranged movable member consists of a operation means for advancing and retracting the (d) a movable body,
(E) Movable body with the rubber film in contact with the tip of the guide ring
Is to move back and forth .

A soft rubber film having a small hole at the center is arranged between the fundus view insertion portion and the lens to form a pupil portion. The pupil part is provided with a guide ring projecting from the fundus view insertion part side toward the front surface of the central part and outside the peripheral part of the guide ring.
It is composed of a movable body arranged in the shape of a heart and having the soft rubber film stretched, and when the movable body is moved backward by bringing the rubber film into contact with the tip of the guide ring, the rubber film is pulled. The small hole slightly expands. At this time, since the rubber film is pulled through the circular guide ring, the small holes are evenly pulled in the radial direction, so that the diameter of the small holes can be increased while maintaining the circular shape. When the rearward pulling force of the movable body is released, the rubber film reduces the diameter of the small hole while advancing the movable body by its contracting force. Since the small hole is positioned on the line connecting the guide ring and the center of the lens when operating the advancing / retreating of the movable body by the operating means, the center of the pupil should always be positioned at the center of the eyeball for enlargement / reduction. become.

The guide ring is for enlarging / reducing the small hole of the rubber film while maintaining the circular shape. Any shape can be used as long as the outer shape of the contact portion with the rubber film is circular. at best, or constituted by a ring fixed by using a short rod to the fundus Figure insertion portion, is projected to the cylindrical body from the fundus view the insertion portion
It was what can be used. In this case, the field of view at the time of eye examination can be increased by enlarging the diameter of the tubular body toward the base end portion. As the rubber film, those made of natural rubber or silicone rubber can be preferably used, but synthetic rubber, other rubber, or resin can be used as long as it is tough and stretchable even if it is thin. It is desirable to draw an iris pattern around the small holes. In addition, the disease of the pupil,
For example, when practicing optometry for an iris defect,
Form a defect or deformation in the small hole drilled in the rubber film,
You will need to color the rubber film and draw a disease map. Therefore, it is desirable that the rubber film be replaceable. The movable body having the rubber film stretched preferably uses a ring or a cylinder having a circular cross section in order to give a completely uniform tensile force to the rubber.

When a plano-convex lens is used as a lens for the cornea, there is an advantage that the examination can be performed by the same distance (eye axis) as the human eyeball and the diopter power (see claim 2). In addition,
If the surface of the lens is provided with a light antireflection coating, the light from the optometer can reach the deep part of the fundus, so that the optometry can be performed with a brighter fundus view. When two or more fundus diagrams are inserted, there is an advantage that a fundus diagram corresponding to a fundus disease can be observed by selecting an appropriate distance (see claim 3). In addition, the fundus diagram is a printed matter,
The disease in detail can be observed by using a photograph, a positive film on which an actual disease is taken, or the like. To the fundus Figure insertion portion, by observing by replacing the fundus view of the fundus view and diseases of healthy persons alternately, sputum
Since the patient 's condition can be clearly distinguished and recognized, it is possible to develop accurate judgment ability.

As the operation means for advancing and retracting the movable body for enlarging and reducing the pupil, known operation means such as a telescopic rod using a rotation of a screw rod or a swing of a lever, an air cylinder, a pinion rack mechanism, and the like are used. It does not matter whether it is manual or automatic. When the light detecting means is arranged at the peripheral portion of the lens, light from the outside passes through the inside of the lens, so that the detecting means can detect the brightness. When the automatic operation means is adopted, if the operation means is operated by using a signal that detects the brightness (whether or not there is illumination) at the time of eye examination, the pupil reacts to light like a human body. Can be changed in size (see claim 4). In this case, it is desirable to control the operation of the operating means in accordance with the amount of light so that the degree of enlargement / reduction of the pupil can be adjusted. In addition, by forming an eyelid made of a material such as elastic resin that can be stretched at the left and right eye positions of the head model, and storing the above optometric model inside it, an optometric model closer to the human body can be formed. You can The series of operations up to the eye from the task of opening the eyelids, because it practice examination, as compared with the case of using a box-type eye model described in the introduction, there is an advantage that enables a more natural eye ( (See claim 5).

[0009]

As a result of practicing natural optometry practice involving enlargement / reduction of the pupil, the optometry image can be brought closer to the real one, and the result of the practice can be enhanced.

[0010]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a front view of a head model 1. This model imitates the front half of the head, that is, the facial side,
In this embodiment, a structure is adopted in which a stretchable urethane resin film 3 is coated on the outside of a core body 2 made of a urethane foam. The left and right eyelid portions 4 and 4 are formed of only a urethane resin film so as to have elasticity in the vertical direction, and the eyelids can be opened wide. A concave portion 5 that reaches from the back side of the head to the eyelid 4 side is provided, and an optometry model 11 described later is inserted, and a lens 31 is brought into contact with the inside of the eyelid 4, and a supporting means (not shown) is provided in the concave portion 5. Fixed by.

The optometry model 11 is an optometry diagram insertion case 12
It is composed of a pupil portion 20 and the cornea 30 and. The case 12 has a U-shaped spacer 14 on the front surface of the back plate 13,
14 and the frame body 15 are sequentially laminated three by three, and the thickness of the spacer 14 is substantially the same as the thickness of the fundus view 10 described later, and the frame body is arranged from the side ( right side in FIG. 6). 1
Between 5, 15 and between the frame 15 and the back plate 13,
The structure of the fundus oculi 10 can be inserted and removed. Note that FIG. 10 shows the fundus of FIG. 7 in which the fundus of the eye is fixed to a positive film frame plate on which the photograph is taken.

The corneal portion 30 comprises a plano-convex lens 31 in the center and a plate body 32 having a convex portion protruding toward the front surface .
It is fixed to the frame body 15 via a connecting rod 33 so as to be spaced from the frame body 15 in the front row. In this embodiment, a lens 31 and a plate 32 are integrally molded of transparent resin, and a white paint is applied to the lens at a portion 34 corresponding to the sclera of the eyeball.

The pupil portion 20 is arranged between the case 15 and the plate body 32. Cylindrical body 21 as a guide ring in which the diameter of the base end portion is enlarged from the central portion of the frame body 15 in the front row of the case.
Is projectingly provided, and the cylindrical body 21 is provided at the center on the outer side of the peripheral portion.
A movable plate 22 is arranged as a movable body in which a short cylindrical body 23 is projected forward from the peripheral edge of the hole. The movable plate 22 penetrates the connecting rod 33, and is guided by the connecting rod 33 so that the movable plate 22 can move in the front-rear direction. A film body 25 made of natural rubber having a small hole 24 formed in the center thereof is stretched at the tip of the cylindrical body 23. The cylindrical body 23 is a film body 25.
Is located outside the tubular body 21 in a state in which it contacts the tip of the tubular body 21. The centers of the small hole 24 and the lens 31 are arranged so as to be located on the central axis of the cylindrical body 21. Operating rods 27, 27 project from the upper and lower parts of the movable plate 22 toward the back side, and each operating rod 27 is attached to the frame body 1.
It penetrates 5 and 15 and faces the rear side of the case 12, and the connecting plate 2
8 connects the end comrades.

[0014] cylinder 23 in the state shown in FIG. 2 and 3 In the forward position, the diameter of the small hole 24 is small, the pupil is in a contracted state. A screw rod 35 is inserted into a spiral hole formed in the center of the connecting plate 28. When the pinching portion 36 is rotated rightward from this state, the screw rod 35 advances to connect with the case 12. distance between the plate 28 is increased, the operating rod 2
7 and the cylindrical body 23 can be relatively moved to the back side,
The film body 25 is stretched while being bent at the front end opening edge of the tubular body 21 to increase the diameter of the small hole 24 to form a pupil dilated state (see FIGS. 4 and 5). The operating rods 27, 27 are the frame 15
The movable plate 22 itself is guided by the connecting rods 33, 3
Since it is guided by 3, the cylindrical body 23 can be moved in an extremely stable state.

Further, since the film body 25 is constantly under tension, the cylindrical body 23 and the movable plate 22 are urged forward, and the movable plate is irrespective of the operation of the screw rod 35. 22 does not move backwards. When the knob 36 is rotated to the left, the contracting force of the rubber is used to move the cylindrical body 23 forward and the pupil contracts. In this embodiment,
Although the screw rod 35 is rotated by using the knob 36, it is needless to say that the screw rod 35 can be rotated by using a motor.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the optometry model 11, in which a part of the lens 31 is cut out, and a rubber film 25 therein is further provided.
It is shown with a part cut away. The optometry model shown in FIG. 6 is a model for one eye, and the left and right devices are separately provided, but it is also possible to configure the both eyes integrally.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Figure 1] Front view of head model

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a head model with a left side head cut away.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the pupil reduction state of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a left side view showing a cross section of a part of an optometry model in a dilated pupil state.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing a pupil enlarged state of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a front view of an optometry model.

FIG. 7: Surface view of fundus view

[Explanation of symbols]

1 head model, 4 eyelids, 10 fundus view, 11 optometry model,
12 fundus view insertion case, 13 back plate, 14 spacer, 15
Frame, 20 pupils, 21 cylinders, 22 movable plate, 23 cylinders, 24 small holes, 25 rubber film, 27 operating rod, 28 connecting plate, 30 cornea, 31 lens, 32 plate, 33 connecting Rod,
35 screw rod, 36 knob

Front page continuation (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G09B 23/28 A61F 9/007

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fundus view insertion part side in an optometry model including a cornea part composed of a lens, a pupil part, and a fundus view insertion part.
Guide ring central portion toward the front by projecting the Karaso, lenses arranged with an interval in front, stretched soft rubber membrane bored a center small hole concentrically outside periphery of the guide ring Distributed
Movable body that location, it from the operating means for advancing and retracting the movable body
The movable body with the rubber film in contact with the tip of the guide ring.
An optometry model designed to move forward and backward. 2. The optometry model according to claim 1, wherein the lens of the cornea is a plano-convex lens. 3. The optometry model according to claim 1, wherein two or more fundus view insertion portions are provided. 4. The optometry model according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein a light detecting means is arranged at a peripheral portion of the lens, and the operating means is operated by detecting brightness at the time of optometry. 5. An eyelid formed of a stretchable soft material is formed at the left and right eyeball positions of a face model, and the eyelid is formed on the inner side thereof.
A head model for optometry that accommodates the optometry model according to any one of 1.