JP3428570B2 - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a scraper, particularly a sludge concentrating device, in which a scraper is circumferentially rotated about an axis to cut and scrape a floating solid substance formed in an upper part of a floating separation tank. At the same time, it relates to a scraper for scraping the floating solid matter into a hopper provided in the center of the tank by a scraping plate provided on the scraper and feeding the solid matter into the hopper.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the solid-liquid separation operation found in a sludge concentrating apparatus, the solid content floated and separated must be separated and removed from the upper part of the flotation separation tank.

Conventionally, in such a sludge concentrating device,
The surface of the floating solid matter that floats above the flotation tank is scraped to the outer circumference by rotating the scraper with a rotating shaft about the axis, and discharged to the recovery device provided outside the flotation tank. Machines are already known. See Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 59-2553.

Further, as described in Japanese Patent No. 2,897,717, there is also known a scraper for scraping floating solids toward the center with a scraper and discharging the floating solids to a hopper provided at the center of the floating separation tank.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view showing the flotation / separation tank, which constitutes the scraper in the sludge concentrator disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, partially broken away. In the illustrated device,
44 comprises a floating separation tank 41 and a scraper 47 consisting of a horizontal scraping blade which is attached to a central rotation shaft 45 provided inside the floating separation tank 41 so that its height can be adjusted. A plurality of scraping plates 51 are attached to the chain 49 provided on the scraper at regular intervals, and on the traveling direction side of the scraper 47, the floating separation tank 41 moves outward in the radial direction.

The fixed gear 52 attached to the central rotary shaft 45 is connected to the rotary gear 53 provided on the scraper 47 by a chain, and the chain attached with the scraping plate 51 rotates as the rotary gear 53 rotates. To be done. Thus, the scraper 47 is rotated along with the rotation of the rotary shaft 45 that is rotated through the reduction mechanism 54.
Moves while rotating the upper part of the flotation separation tank to horizontally separate the floating solids.

On the other hand, as the chain 49 rotates with the rotation of the fixed gear 52 and the rotary gear 53, the scraping plate 51 moves outward in the radial direction at the upper part of the scraper on the advancing direction side of the scraper 47, Thus, the solid floating material cut off and placed on the upper part of the scraper is directly conveyed to the pit 55 provided along the outer periphery of the floating separation tank 41 without giving any kneading action.

However, in such a conventional scraping machine, the larger the tank, the larger the scraping area, and the longer the scraper and the larger the torque applied to the main shaft. Therefore, the driving section (spindle motor, Gearbox, chain, etc.) is too large.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a large-sized scraping machine. The conventional scraping machine 10 shown in the drawing has a floating separation tank 12 and an upper wide type which is provided at the center and has an open top. The hopper 14 and the vertical rotation shaft 16 disposed in the hopper 14.
Is arranged in the center of the floating separation tank 12 and is provided so as to penetrate through the center of the hopper 14. A gear box 18 is installed in the middle part and is driven by an electric motor (speed reducer) 19 installed in the top part. .

The support arm 20 is rotatably provided about the vertical rotation shaft 16 and extends in the radial direction. Although the connection between the support arm 20 and the vertical rotation shaft 16 is not shown, the gearbox
A bevel gear and a supporting arm 20 provided on the vertical rotation shaft 16 at 18
Similarly, a bevel gear provided at the tip of is engaged. As a result, the rotational force of the vertical rotary shaft 16 is converted into the horizontal rotational force.

At the other end of the support arm 20, a rotation guide mechanism 24 having a rotation guide member 22 which is a wheel made of rubber, for example, which rolls along the inner wall 23 of the flotation tank 12, is supported. ing. The rotation guide member 22 rolls along the inner wall 23, so that the scraper, which will also be described later, can be rotated by the vertical rotation shaft 16
Rotate around.

[0012]

As a device for scraping the floating solid matter as described above, the surface of the floating solid matter is scraped by a scraper having a rotating shaft and scraped by a trough on the peripheral wall even in the conventional case. There is a type of scraper and a type of scraper that scrapes against the central hopper.

However, the problems with these conventional scrapers are: (1) Both have wheels (the former is a support wheel and the latter is a drive wheel) on the outer periphery, and the wheels wear due to long-term operation.

(2) Since neither of them has an automatic correction mechanism for chain elongation, it is necessary to perform chain tension correction work on a regular basis. (3) The drive mechanism is rather complicated.

(4) It is difficult to design an even larger device. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a more simple construction and an efficient scraper.

[0016]

In the sludge concentrator in the sludge concentrating apparatus according to the present invention, the surface portion of the solid matter floating above the floating separation tank is attached to a rotary shaft which is a common shaft directly connected to the planetary spur gear. In addition to rotating the guide arm and the scraper, the floating plate is driven by utilizing the rotating force of the common shaft at that time to attract the floating solid matter.

That is, a support arm and a scraper which are supported and rotated by a vertical rotating shaft serving as a main shaft, a spur gear fixed to the vertical rotating shaft, and a second rotating shaft which is directly connected to the planet gear above the scraper, It is configured by a scraping mechanism driven by the rotational force of the second rotary shaft.

If necessary, an automatic tension correction device for an endless revolving body such as a chain provided on the scraper may be provided. In the present invention, the mode in which the hopper for dropping the scraped floating solid matter is provided in the center of the flotation separation layer will be described, but such a hopper may be provided on the outer periphery of the flotation separation tank as necessary.

Therefore, the present invention is as follows. (1) A raker equipped with a flotation tank and a wide hopper with an open top provided at the center or outer periphery thereof, wherein a vertical rotary shaft provided at the center of the flotation tank When,
A support arm rotatably provided about the vertical rotation axis and extending in the radial direction, and a support arm rotatably provided on the vertical rotation axis, extending in the radial direction, and the vertical rotation axis. And a scraper that cuts the floating solids while rotating around the center, and the floating solids that are provided on the scraper and cut by the scraper are moved toward the center or outer periphery of the floating separation tank and charged into the hopper. A planetary gear engaged with a spur gear fixed to the vertical rotation shaft is fixed to the second rotation shaft, and the support arm and the scraper are the second rotation shaft. A scraper, which is locked to a shaft, and which rotates the support arm and the scraper and drives the scraping mechanism by rotation of the vertical rotary shaft.

(2) The scraping mechanism is provided on the common shaft, an endless revolving body that circulates along the outer peripheral edge of the scraper, a scraping plate attached to the scraper at predetermined intervals, and the common shaft. The scraper according to (1) above, which comprises a sprocket mechanism that transmits a rotational force to the endless revolving body.

(3) The scraper according to (2), wherein the endless orbiting body is provided with a tension correction mechanism.

[0022]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this embodiment, the hopper is provided at the center of the flotation tank.

That is, according to the present invention, a vertical rotation shaft, which is a main shaft, and one or more support arms and scrapers attached to the vertical rotation shaft, which are rotatable, are rotated counterclockwise by an electric motor (decelerator). Let At this time, due to the rotation of the spur gear fixed to the vertical rotation shaft, the planet gear above the scraper also rotates counterclockwise.

The scraper may be rotatably attached to the vertical rotary shaft via a support arm. On the other hand, the rotational force of the second rotary shaft, which is a common rotary shaft that is directly connected to the planetary gear and is attached to or locked by the scraper and the support arm, is the driving force of the endless revolving body that revolves around the scraper, for example, the chain. Used as. This moves the plurality of scraping plates toward the center. By this operation, the surface of the floating solid matter is scraped off, and the floating solid matter is scraped to the hopper at the center.

FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the scraper according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a portion showing a power transmission path thereof. The same members as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals.

As in the case of FIG. 2 described above, the scraper 10 according to the present invention is provided with a floating separation tank 12 and a wide hopper 14 provided in the center thereof and having an open top. , Consists of the following elements. Vertical rotating shaft 16: Vertical rotating shaft 16 arranged in the hopper 14.
Is arranged at the center of the flotation separation tank 12, and is provided so as to penetrate through the center of the hopper 14 in the illustrated example.A gear box 18 is installed at the middle part and an electric motor (speed reducer) 19 provided at the top part Driven.

If appropriate fixing means is provided, the vertical rotation shaft may be of a hanging type from above the floating separation tank 12. In that case,
By providing the fixing means on the outer peripheral portion of the levitation separation tank 12, there is no need to use the vertical rotation shaft 16 as a kind of fixing means, so the levitation separation tank and the vertical rotation shaft can be installed separately.
As a result, the floating separation tank and the scraper can be separated, and there are advantages such as easy disassembly during maintenance and inspection. Support arm 20: The support arm 20 is rotatably provided around a vertical rotation axis and extends in the radial direction. The support arm 20 is rotated about the vertical rotation shaft by a spur gear 29 fixed to the vertical rotation shaft 16 and a planetary spur gear 31 engaging with the spur gear.

As described above, the support arm 20 is rotatably provided about the vertical rotation shaft 16 and extends in the radial direction. Scraper 26: The scraper 26 is rotatably supported with respect to the vertical rotation shaft 16 via a common shaft 32 to which a planetary gear 31 is attached. Has the function of disconnecting. As a specific configuration, a flat plate-shaped member may be used.

In another embodiment, scraper 26 includes support arm 20.
It may be rotatably supported with respect to the vertical rotation shaft 16 via. In any case, the scraper extending in the radial direction
It suffices that the 26 rotate about the vertical rotation shaft 16. Common shaft 32: The common shaft 32 to which the planetary gear 31 is fixed is rotatably fixed to or locked to the support arm 20. If necessary, as in the illustrated example, the scraper 26 is also rotatably fixed or locked to the scraper 26. This allows the vertical axis of rotation 16
Is transmitted to the spur gear 29 and the planetary spur gear 31,
32 rotates. Therefore, the common shaft 32 is also referred to as the second rotation shaft. Therefore, the support arm 20 and the scraper 26 rotate about the vertical rotation shaft 16.

A sprocket 36 is fixed to the lower portion of the common shaft 32, and it rotates as the common shaft 32 rotates. Scraping mechanism 30: Speaking of its function, the scraping mechanism 30 is provided on the scraper 26, and the floating solids cut along the horizontal plane in accordance with the rotation of the scraper causes the second rotating shaft 32 to move.
By using the rotational force of the sprocket 36 to move the levitation-fixed portion toward the center of the levitation separation tank 12, the scraping plate 34 to which the driving force is transmitted via the sprocket 36 is moved. Good. .

According to a specific embodiment, this pulling mechanism 30
Is provided on the second rotary shaft 32 and the endless revolving body that revolves along the outer peripheral end of the scraper 26, for example, a chain 38, a scraping plate 34 attached at a predetermined interval to the chain 38, and the second rotary shaft 32. It is composed of a sprocket 36 that transmits a rotational force to the endless revolving body 38.

According to the present invention, since the rotational force of the vertical rotary shaft 16 is immediately transmitted as the rotational force of the sprocket 36 via the spur gear 29 and the planetary gear 31, the force transmission mechanism is simplified. Be efficient.

For example, a common shaft that is the rotation shaft of the planetary gear 31.
The force transmitted from 32 is transmitted to the sprocket 36 mounted below the common shaft 32. The rotational force transmitted to the sprocket 36 is transmitted to an endless revolving body such as a chain 38 that revolves along the outer peripheral end of the scraper 26, and becomes a revolving motion. At this time, a plurality of scraping plates 34 made of, for example, a rubber plate attached to the endless revolving body 38 at predetermined intervals are cut by the scraper 26, and the floating solids placed on the scraper are conveyed and conveyed in an appropriate direction. To do.

Even if the scraping mechanism 30 is of a concrete structure, even if it is a screw system, for example, the driving force depends on the rotating force from the vertical rotating shaft 16 and the floating solids can be scraped to the central portion. , Not particularly limited. Tension correction means : The drive means of the scraping plate 34 is a sprocket 36 directly connected to the common shaft 32 that is the second rotation shaft of the planetary gear 31, and an endless revolving body 38 that works in conjunction with this, but during long-term operation In some cases, the chain or the like constituting the endless revolving body 38 may be loosened, and in that case, tension correction is required to maintain a predetermined tension. However, when such tension correction is performed, it is not efficient if the operation of the scraper is stopped,
It is necessary to provide a mechanism that enables tension correction even during operation.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an idle sprocket 39 facing the endless revolving body 38 and a sprocket 37 for tension correction may be further provided. In that case, it is preferable to provide the support unit 33 between the support arm 20 and the scraper 26. Since the details of the configuration of these members will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the above description, they are omitted in order to simplify the description.

In the above description, two supporting arms, scrapers, etc. are provided symmetrically with respect to the vertical axis of rotation, but two or more thereof may be provided, and preferably two or more thereof are provided. Are provided symmetrically about the axis.

The operation of the scraper according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. First, the sludge containing sludge is continuously supplied to the flotation / separation tank 12 together with foam such as air from an air supply port (not shown), and the sludge floats in the tank by adhering the foam to the aggregated sludge. . The solid content thus floated accumulates on the liquid surface.

At this time, as shown in FIG. 4, the vertical rotation shaft 16 is rotated clockwise by the electric motor (speed reducer) 19.
At the same time, the spur gear 29 fixed to the vertical rotation shaft 16 and the planetary spur gear 31 provided on the support arm rotate to transmit the rotational movement to the support arm 20. By this rotational movement, that is, the rotational force in the horizontal direction, the scraper attached to the support arm 20 is rotated in the circumferential direction. As a result, the sludge floating above the floating separation tank 12 is horizontally cut.

At the same time that the support arm 20 and the scraper 26 are rotated, the drive sprocket is attached to the second rotary shaft of the planetary gear 31 at one end of the scraper 26.
36 is directly connected, an idle sprocket 39 is provided at the other end of the scraper 26, and the two are linked by a chain or the like. With such a configuration, the rotational force of the vertical rotation shaft 16 is transmitted to the chain 38 of the sprocket 36 via the above-described drive means. This chain 38 has a draw plate 34
Is installed, and the sludge cut off by the scraper 26 is moved to the hopper at the center of the tank. That is, such chain drive moves a series of scraping rubber plates 34 provided on the upper part of the plate forming the scraper 26, and by this operation, as shown by the white arrow in FIG. Is scraped toward the center, and the floating solid matter is scraped against the hopper 14 at the center and discharged.

[0040]

As described above, according to the present invention, the following excellent operational effects can be obtained. (1) The mechanism of the scraper is simplified, and the initial cost can be significantly reduced. (2) Wear and the number of consumable parts are reduced and durability is improved. (3) The simplification of the drive mechanism not only reduces costs, but also reduces the number of inspection parts and saves labor for on-site maintenance and inspection work. (4) Simplified drive mechanism facilitates maintenance and saves costs. (5) The simplification of the drive mechanism shortens the manufacturing and assembly period at the factory and on-site, resulting in cost reduction. (6) The manufacturing cost and running cost of a large flotation separation device can be significantly reduced, and a flotation separation tank with a diameter of about 4000 mm can be economically designed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a conventional scraping machine.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional scraping machine.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the scraper according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic explanatory view of a power transmission path in the scraper according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

16: Vertical rotation axis 20: Support arm 26: Scraper 30: Squashing mechanism

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C02F 1/40 B01D 21/24

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A scraping machine comprising a flotation tank and a wide hopper having an open upper portion provided at a central portion or an outer peripheral portion of the flotation tank, which is provided vertically at the center of the flotation tank. A rotation shaft, a support arm rotatably provided about the vertical rotation shaft and extending in the radial direction, and a support arm rotatably provided with respect to the vertical rotation shaft, extending in the radial direction, and A scraper for cutting floating solids while rotating about the vertical rotation axis; and a floating solid, which is provided on the scraper and cut by the scraper, is moved toward the center or outer periphery of the floating separation tank. A planetary gear engaged with a spur gear fixed to the vertical rotation shaft is fixed to a second rotation shaft, and the support arm and the scraper are connected to the second rotation shaft. Is related to the common axis that is the axis The scraper is stopped, and the support arm and the scraper are rotated by the rotation of the vertical rotation shaft, and the scraping mechanism is driven by the rotation force of the second rotation shaft . 2. The scraping mechanism is provided on the second rotating shaft, an endless revolving body that revolves along an outer peripheral end of the scraper, a scraping plate attached to the scraper at predetermined intervals, and the second revolving shaft. The scraper according to claim 1, wherein the scraper comprises a sprocket mechanism that transmits the rotational force of a rotary shaft to the endless revolving body. 3. The scraper according to claim 2, wherein the endless revolving body is provided with a tension correction mechanism.