JP3418344B2 - Cleaning equipment for large machinery - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cleaning device for a construction machine, and more particularly to a cleaning device for automatically and efficiently washing off soil that has been fixed around a complicated underbody part such as a crawler belt of a bulldozer. .

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When cleaning the above construction machines, for example, mud or frozen soil that has solidified between the tracks needs to be cleaned by high-pressure jetting (sometimes referred to as "destructive washing" in the present invention), and the high-pressure jetting. After the cleaning by, there is adhesion of mud due to splashing, etc., and cleaning by low pressure spray (rinsing water spray) is required.

[0003]

In the conventional cleaning device of this type, the high pressure pump, the injection nozzle and the pipe for the high pressure injection and the large capacity low pressure pump, the injection nozzle and the pipe for the low pressure injection are provided. Since two systems were required, the structure was complicated, and in particular, the large capacity low pressure pump was large and had a large volume. Further, when the water used for cleaning is reused, there is a problem that the large-capacity low-pressure pump is liable to malfunction due to the inclusion of dust and foreign matter. The present invention solves such a conventional problem, enables high-pressure injection and low-pressure injection to be switched by a simple piping system, and in particular,
An object of the present invention is to make it possible to omit a large-capacity low-pressure pump, simplify the structure, make the structure compact, and prevent the occurrence of pump failure.

[0004]

Therefore, according to the present invention, a composite nozzle in which a first jet nozzle for jetting destructive cleaning water and a second jet nozzle for jetting rinsing water are combined, and an inner pipe and an outer pipe are combined. Is attached to the tip of the double pipe inserted in, and the first jet nozzle is connected to the tip of the inner pipe, and the second jet nozzle is connected to the tip of the outer pipe. A pump for sending pressured water to the inner pipe is provided, and the cylindrical flow paths of the outer pipe and the inner pipe are connected to a water storage portion by a suction pipe without a pump, and a part of the suction pipe is connected to the water storage portion. A switching valve that opens and closes the communication is provided, and a negative pressure is generated when the destructive cleaning water is ejected from the first ejection nozzle inside the compound nozzle, so that a part of the second ejection nozzle is negatively pressured. Water is sucked from the water storage section through the outer tube and rinsing water is ejected. Configured urchin, the switching valve the intake
Open and close the inlet pipe, and in the closed state, the cylindrical flow path
An air port is provided so that the air can be sucked in.

Further, the used water after cleaning the construction machine to be cleaned is stored in the water storage section and reused .

When the discharge flow rate of the destructive cleaning water from only the first jet nozzle is V ₁ and the discharge flow rate of the rinse water discharged from the second jet nozzle is V ₂ , 2.0 × V ₁ ≤
It is configured such that V ₂ ≦ 7.0 × V ₁ .

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below in detail based on the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the whole, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main portion thereof, FIG. 4 is a state of destructive cleaning (high-pressure water injection), and FIG. The respective states are shown.

This cleaning device is provided with two injection nozzles A and A (in parallel with each other in the vertical direction), which are provided so as to project forward in a substantially horizontal shape.
Each injection nozzle A has a double pipe 3 in which the inner pipe 1 is inserted into the outer pipe 2.
And a front wall of a rectangular box-shaped casing 4 (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
From the left side), it projects forward.

Further, the base end of each injection nozzle A is pivotally attached to the casing 4 so as to be swingable around a substantially horizontal axis P, and a swinging piece 5 having a long hole is provided at the base end at the rear. It is attached in a protruding shape. The upper and lower ends of the interlocking rod 7 are slidably connected to the respective long holes of the upper and lower swinging pieces 5 and 5 by bolts and nuts, and a nozzle swing motor 6 is attached to the side wall of the casing 4. Further, one end of a crank arm 8 is pivotally attached to a turntable that is rotated by a motor 6, and the other end of the crank arm 8 is slidably connected to the upper swing piece 5. That is, the rotational motion of the motor 6 is converted into the oscillating motion so that the upper and lower injection nozzles A, A (as shown in FIG. 1) have an angular range α (for example, α = 24) of a virtual line.
It can be rocked up and down.

Further, the cleaning apparatus of the present invention can be moved back and forth with respect to the object to be cleaned. That is, the casing 4
The bottom wall is provided with a moving motor 9, and the bottom wall is provided with four left and right guide rollers 10 ... Rotatably around a vertical axis. Further, the guide rail 11 is laid in the front-rear direction, and the groove portions of the guide rollers 10 are rotatably locked to the left and right end edges of the guide rail 11 so that the rotation torque of the motor 9 can rotate the belt and the pulley. It is configured to be transmitted to the guide rollers 10 through a power transmission system to reciprocate (forward / backward) on the guide rail 11.

Therefore, in the cleaning apparatus of the present invention, the composite nozzle in which the first ejection nozzle 12 ejecting the destructive cleaning water 23 and the second ejection nozzle 13 ejecting the rinsing water 25 are combined is the double pipe 3 described above. Is attached to the tip end of the injection nozzle A. That is, the first jet nozzle 12 is connected to the tip of the inner pipe 1 of each jet nozzle A, and the second jet nozzle 13 is connected to the tip of the outer pipe 2.

In each injection nozzle A, a high pressure hose 14 is connected to the base end opening of the inner pipe 1 of the double pipe 3, and
A low pressure hose 15 is connected to the opening of the outer peripheral surface of the base end of the outer pipe 2, and a pump 16 for pumping pressurized water to the inner pipe 1 is provided. The two high pressure hoses 14, 14 connected to each injection nozzle A are connected to a pressure water supply pipe 17 for supplying pressure water from the pump 16 under pressure, and two low pressure hoses 15, 15 ( The cylindrical flow path 20) formed by the outer pipe 2 and the inner pipe 1 is provided with a suction pipe 18 without a pump to store water.
Connected to 19.

Further, a water storage section is provided at a part of the suction pipe 18.
A switching valve 21 that opens and closes communication with 19 is provided. The switching valve 21 is configured to simply open and close the suction pipe 18.

Next, the cleaning operation and operation of the cleaning apparatus of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, first, the object to be cleaned such as the construction machine 22 is moved to the front position of the cleaning device, and the casing 4 is moved to a predetermined position along the guide rail 11. Then, the switching valve 21 provided in a part of the suction pipe 18 is closed to drive the pump 16, and only the destructive cleaning water 23 (high pressure water) from the first ejection nozzles 12 and 12 of the upper and lower ejection nozzles A and A. Is sprayed for destructive cleaning.

At this time, the destructive cleaning water 23 is 40 kg / cm ² to 15
The pressure is set to 0 kg / cm ² and the diffusion range β ₁ is set to eject in a straight line of 0 ° to 3 °. The discharge flow rate V ₁ of the destructive cleaning water 23 is set to, for example, 35 L / min.

By the way, the construction machine 22 such as a bulldozer and a power shovel can be easily washed and removed when mud, frozen soil, etc. are stuck to the undercarriage portion 24 (particularly between the teeth called the grouser of the track). become unable. However, as described above, the destructive cleaning water 23 is supplied from the first jet nozzle 12 to the construction machine 22.
By spraying straight on the undercarriage portion 24, the sticky dirt can be blown off and removed. At this time, the upper and lower injection nozzles A, A are swung up and down, and the construction machine 22 itself is moved forward and backward (moved in the left-right direction with respect to the injection nozzle A) to destroy the cleaning water.
Rinse while applying 23 to the soiled area accurately. Further, the casing 4 is moved back and forth to adjust the strength of the destructive cleaning water 23 that hits the underbody portion 24.

If the pressure of the destructive cleaning water 23 is less than 40 kg / cm ² , the cleaning effect due to water pressure is reduced, and if the pressure is more than 150 kg / cm ² , the entire apparatus is large because it withstands high pressure. Will turn into.

When the dirt clinging to the underbody 24 and the like is removed by destructive cleaning, a rinsing cleaning is performed to wash away the splashed muddy water, earth and sand, etc. to finish. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the switching valve 21 is switched and opened, and the injection nozzles A, A and the water storage section 19 are made to communicate with each other. Then, in the compound nozzle, a part of the second jet nozzle 13 becomes a negative pressure due to the negative pressure when the destructive cleaning water 23 is jetted from the first jet nozzle 12 inside.
As a result, the water sucked from the water storage portion 19 into the suction pipe 18 passes through the cylindrical flow passages 20 of the outer pipe 2 and the inner pipe 1 and is jetted as rinsing water 25 from the second jet nozzle 13 (that is, so-called spray negative). By the pressure suction phenomenon or the principle of Venturi,
Rinse water 25 spouts).

At this time, the rinsing water 25 is jetted in the predetermined diffusion range θ so as to surround the destructive cleaning water 23. Specifically, it is set to a diffusion range of 10 ° ≤ θ ≤ 40 °, preferably
The diffusion range is set to 20 ° ≤ θ ≤ 30 °. It should be noted that if the diffusion range θ is smaller than 10 °, local rinsing cleaning takes time, and it takes time, and if the diffusion range θ is larger than 40 °, it becomes difficult to perform rinsing cleaning of a specific portion.

When the discharge flow rate of the destructive cleaning water 23 from only the first jet nozzle 12 is V ₁ and the discharge flow rate of the rinse water 25 discharged from the second jet nozzle 13 is V ₂ , 2.0 ×
It is configured such that V ₁ ≦ V ₂ ≦ 7.0 × V ₁ .
(Note that the discharge flow rate V ₂ of the rinsing water 25 is the sum of the flow rate V ₁ and the flow rate sucked from the cylindrical flow path 20 due to the negative pressure suction phenomenon of the spray described above.) For example, destruction If the discharge flow rate V ₁ of the cleaning water 23 is set to 35 L / min, rinse water
The discharge flow rate V _{2 of} 25 is about 150 L / min. That is, the discharge flow rate V ₁ of the destructive cleaning water 23 and the rinsing water 25
By setting the discharge flow rate V ₂ of the above in such a relationship, rinsing and cleaning can be performed quickly and cleanly. If the discharge flow rate V ₂ of the rinsing water 25 is smaller than 2.0 × V ₁ , rinsing and cleaning will take time. In addition, the discharge flow rate V ₂ is 7.0
To make it larger than × V ₁ is a waste of water.

Although not shown, in the present invention, the used water after cleaning the construction machine 22 to be cleaned is stored in the water storage section 19 and reused. For example, a water storage section 19 is provided in the basement of the washing station, and used water is configured to flow down from the washing station to the water storage section 19, and the supernatant of the water storage section 19 is reused.

Next, FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the cleaning apparatus for a large machine according to the present invention. That is, the switching valve 21 opens and closes the suction pipe 18, and in the closed state, the air port portion 26 is provided so as to suck the atmosphere into the cylindrical flow passage 20 of the outer pipe 2 and the inner pipe 1. That is, by closing the water storage portion 19 and the suction pipe 18 and connecting the suction pipe 18 to the external space, air is ejected from the cylindrical flow passage 20 during the destructive cleaning, thereby causing the second ejection nozzle. Destruction wash water from 13 23
Is designed to be able to jet more vigorously.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment, in which the second jet nozzle 13 is provided with a narrowed portion 27 at the tip thereof, and the destructive cleaning water 23 is 3 ° ≦ β ₂ ≦ 10 °. In this diffusion range, the ink is slightly fan-shaped and ejected from the second ejection nozzle 13. As a result, the rinsing water spreads out a little
It can be ejected from the ejection nozzle 13.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, the upper and lower injection nozzles A, A may be configured to swing up and down independently. Also, the guide roller
By disposing the 10 ... At the four vertex positions of the square, it is possible to travel left and right along the guide rails 11 laid in the left and right direction.

[0026]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

(According to the first aspect) It is possible to adopt a structure in which high pressure injection and low pressure injection are switched by a simple piping system. Further, since a large capacity low pressure pump can be omitted, the structure can be simplified and made compact, and the occurrence of pump failure can be eliminated. Furthermore, destructive washing
During cleaning, the destructive cleaning water 23 is collected from the second jet nozzle 13
It can be ejected more vigorously.

A significant saving of water resources (according to claim 2) can be achieved .

( According to the third aspect ) Rinse and washing can be performed quickly and cleanly without wasting water.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional plan view.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of main parts showing an injection nozzle.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a destructive cleaning state.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a rinse cleaning state.

FIG. 6 is a simplified plan view showing a cleaning state.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a switching valve according to another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of an injection nozzle according to another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 inner tube 2 outer tube 3 double tube 12 First jet nozzle 13 Second ejection nozzle 16 pumps 18 Suction piping 19 Water reservoir 20 Cylindrical channel 21 Switching valve 22 Construction machinery 23 Destructive wash water 25 rinse water 26 Airport Department

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B08B 3/02

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A first jet nozzle for jetting destructive cleaning water 23.
A double nozzle 3 in which an inner tube 1 is inserted into an outer tube 2 is a composite nozzle in which 12 and a second ejection nozzle 13 for ejecting rinsing water 25 are combined.
Is attached to the tip of the inner pipe 1, the first jet nozzle 12 is connected to the tip of the inner pipe 1, the second jet nozzle 13 is connected to the tip of the outer pipe 2, and the inner pipe is further connected. 1 is provided with a pump 16 for sending pressurized water, and the outer pipe 2
And the cylindrical flow path 20 of the inner pipe 1 is a suction pipe 18 without a pump.
Is connected to the water storage section 19, and a switching valve 21 for opening and closing communication with the water storage section 19 is provided in a part of the suction pipe 18, and
In the composite nozzle, the negative pressure generated when the destructive cleaning water 23 is ejected from the internal first ejection nozzle 12 causes a part of the second ejection nozzle 13 to be a negative pressure and the water reservoir via the outer pipe 2. It is configured so that water is sucked from 19 and rinsing water 25 is ejected, and when the switching valve 21 opens and closes the suction pipe 18,
In the closed state, suck the atmosphere into the cylindrical flow path 20.
A cleaning device for a large machine, characterized in that it is provided with an air port portion 26 . 2. The washing machine for a large machine according to claim 1, wherein the used water after washing the construction machine 22 to be washed is stored in the water storage section 19 and reused. 3. Destructive cleaning water from only the first jet nozzle 12
The discharge flow rate of 23 is set to V _1, and the second discharge nozzle 13 discharges it.
When the discharge flow rate of the rinsing water 25 to be discharged is V ₂ , 2.0 × V ₁
≦ V ₂ ≦ 7.0 × V ₁ become configured as the heavy machinery of the cleaning device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein.