JP3412545B2 - Balance testing machine - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a balance testing machine,
More specifically, the present invention relates to a horizontal balance testing machine that obtains unbalance information by rotating a test rotating body on a horizontal axis. 2. Description of the Related Art In a horizontal balance testing machine, generally,
Rotate the rotating body under test so that its rotation axis is horizontal, with both ends in the vicinity of the bearings of the testing machine, and apply vibrations or centrifugal force caused by the unbalance of the rotating body. Detected by a detector provided in the unit. Further, among such horizontal balance testing machines, for example, for a rotating body such as a crankshaft, a spline is formed at at least one shaft end, or a keyway is formed. In a testing machine, a coupling jig having a shape that engages with a spline or a keyway (hereinafter, referred to as a spline or the like) is coupled, and rotation is given to the test rotating body via the coupling jig. That is being done. As described above, in order to engage a coupling jig with a spline or the like formed at an end of the shaft thereof in order to rotationally drive the test rotating body, a spline or the like on the rotating body side and a spline on the coupling jig side are used. It is necessary to move the coupling jig relative to the rotating body in the axial direction in order to join the coupling jig in a state where the angular phases of the concave and convex shapes such as the cylindrical spline are matched. Therefore, in a conventional balancing tester of this type that automatically performs such a process, a gear is attached to a bearing portion that supports a rotating body to be tested, and a rack that meshes with the gear is finely moved by a cylinder. When a mechanism for rotating the test rotating body by a small amount on the bearing portion was provided, and the coupling jig was moved forward to mesh with the spline or the like of the test rotating body, the phases were different and did not mesh. In such a case, measures have been taken to rotate the test rotating body by a very small amount and advance the coupling jig again. [0004] By the way, in the above-mentioned method of matching the angular phase between the rotating body and the coupling jig by rotating the sample rotating body by a small amount at a time, the rotating body is rotated by a small amount. In many cases, it is necessary to rotate the test rotator many times before the spline, etc. and the coupling jig engage with each other, and the cycle time is extended by the time required, and thus the balance tester It is a cause of lowering the processing capacity. The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a coupling jig for automatically rotating a test rotating body with respect to a spline or the like formed at an end of a shaft is automatically and quickly provided. It is an object of the present invention to provide a balance testing machine which can be securely connected and which can improve the processing capacity as compared with a conventional apparatus of this type. In order to achieve the above object, a balancing tester according to the present invention supports a test rotating body on a bearing so that its rotating shaft is horizontal, and An unbalance signal generated by engaging a coupling jig with a spline or a key groove formed at a shaft end of a rotating body and rotating the same is detected, and a direction and an amount of the unbalance existing in the rotating body are determined. A set jig that positions the spline or keyway so that the angular phase of the spline or the keyway is constant by supporting the rotating body under test in a fixed direction around the rotation axis by utilizing its shape characteristics in the testing machine. Transport means for transporting the test rotating body positioned circumferentially by the set jig onto the bearing; and stopping the positioning of the coupling jig so that its angular phase is constant. And a drive mechanism for moving horizontally toward and away from the shaft end of the test rotator on the bearing in the positioning state. Here, the spline in the present invention means a spline in a broad sense, and includes a so-called involute serration in addition to a square spline. The present invention is generally applicable to a case where a spline or a keyway formed at a shaft end of a rotating body has a shape characteristic such as a crankshaft.
Utilizing the fact that it is engraved under a certain angular phase with respect to its geometrical characteristics, the spline etc. of the rotating body to be tested is positioned in the circumferential direction so as to have a certain angular phase, while matching The intended purpose is intended to be achieved by positioning the coupling jig so as to have a constant angular phase and performing the insertion operation. That is, the set jig according to the present invention comprises:
By the support method using the shape characteristic of the rotating body under test,
The rotating body is supported in a constant posture in the circumferential direction. As a result, the rotating body is in a state where its splines and the like are always supported under a constant angular phase, and is mounted on the bearing in this state. On the other hand, the drive mechanism of the coupling jig rotates in a state where the coupling jig is always positioned and stopped at a constant angular phase according to a constant angular phase such as a spline of the rotating body under test on the bearing. Move back and forth in the axial direction with respect to the body. Accordingly, the coupling jig is always inserted into the shaft end of the rotating body under the same angular phase as the spline of the rotating body to be tested. Can be greatly reduced. Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a main part of an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a balance testing machine for a crankshaft. FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-section near a coupling jig 3 and a drive mechanism 5 thereof. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view of the drive mechanism 5 as viewed from the direction of the arrow A. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of the work set jig 7, in which FIG. 4A is a front view and FIG. 4B is a left side view thereof. As shown in FIG. 5, a crankshaft W as a test rotating body (this drawing shows a cylinder for four cylinders) is provided between journal portions WJa and WJb at both ends. A plurality of pairs of a pair of crank arms WA connected by crank pins WP1 to WP4 are arranged, and the crank arms WA of each pair are connected by an intermediate shaft portion WC coaxial with journal portions WJa and WJb. It is a general crankshaft. Further, a spline S is engraved on the shaft end of one journal WJa. This spline S is the journal part WJ
Based on the circumferential positional relationship between a, WJb and each of the crank pins WP1 to WP4, they are formed under a certain angular phase. In the above-described crankshaft W, journals WJa and WJb at both ends are mounted on bearings 1a and 1b, respectively, at the time of a balance test, and are supported rotatably along a horizontal axis. The bearing portions 1a and 1b are respectively constituted by two rollers R rotatably supported by the measurement frames 2a and 2b, and a detector (not shown) for detecting unbalance is attached to the measurement frames 2a and 2b. Can be On the side of one of the bearings 1a, the crankshaft W is rotated while meshing with the spline S of the crankshaft W, thereby connecting the crankshaft W to the bearings 1a, 1a.
The coupling jig 3 for rotating on b is provided. The coupling jig 3 is formed by forming a spline tooth profile that meshes with a spline S of a crankshaft W on an inner peripheral surface of a cylindrical body having an open distal end on the bearing portion 1a side. It is connected to the drive mechanism 5 via two universal joints 4a, 4b. The drive mechanism 5 includes a hollow rotary shaft 51 to which rotation on a horizontal axis is given by a servomotor (not shown), and a relative rotation regulated by a key 51 a inside the hollow rotary shaft 51, and , A sliding member 52 slidably provided in the axial direction, and a bearing portion 1 a holding the coupling jig 3.
The parallel chuck 53 that moves back and forth in the direction of approaching / separating with respect to and the back-and-forth moving mechanism 54, and the hollow rotary shaft 51 and the slide portion 52 stopped at a substantially constant phase by the servomotor are rotated by an angle The positioning device 55 is mainly configured to perform positioning so as to be accurately constant. The rotation of the servomotor is transmitted to the coupling jig 3 through the hollow rotary shaft 51, the slide member 52 whose rotation is restricted with respect to the hollow rotary shaft 51, and the universal joints 4a and 4b. The parallel chuck 53 includes a flat plate 53a having a V surface and a flat plate 53b having a flat surface.
The V plane and the flat surface are arranged in parallel with each other so as to face each other. Each of the flat plates 53a and 53b is formed on the outer periphery of the coupling jig 3 at two axially spaced intervals. In a state inserted between the flange portions 3a and 3b, the coupling jig 3 is sandwiched and held between the V surface and the flat surface. Front-rear movement mechanism 54
A linear guide mechanism 54a that supports the parallel chuck 53 so as to be displaceable in a direction approaching / separating from the bearing 1a;
A cylinder 54b for displacing the parallel chuck 53 on the linear guide mechanism 54a is mainly constituted. When the parallel chuck 53 is moved back and forth by driving the front-rear movement mechanism 54, the coupling jig 3 becomes the flange 3a or 3b, the slide member 52 is pushed forward and retreats, and at this time, the slide member 52 is slidably displaced in the hollow rotary shaft 51 in the axial direction. The positioning device 55 is disposed vertically below the hollow rotary shaft 51, and is fitted in a positioning hole 51 b formed on the hollow rotary shaft 51 and the slide member 52 and opened on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow rotary shaft 51. In the state, the hollow rotary shaft 5
1 slidably in the holding member 55e fixed to 1, and
The tapered shaft 55a urged toward the hollow rotary shaft 51 by the spring 55c and the flange formed at the lower end of the tapered shaft 55a are engaged with each other. It is mainly composed of an opened retracting member 55b and a cylinder 55d for vertically moving the retracting member 55b to approach and separate from the hollow rotary shaft 51. When the hollow rotary shaft 51 rotates, the retractable member 55 It is in a non-contact state with the tapered shaft 55a. As described above, the hollow rotary shaft 51 is stopped by the control of the servomotor so that the angular phase becomes substantially constant. The angular phase to be stopped is determined by the positioning hole 51b and the tapered shaft fitted therein. Reference numeral 55a denotes a vertically downward state, and these are stopped with a slight error in a state in which they are vertically downward. In this state, when the cylinder 55d is driven to lower the retracting member 55b vertically and the tapered shaft 55a is lowered via the flange at the lower end thereof, the hollow rotary shaft 51 is moved so that the tapered shaft 55a is oriented vertically. Is rotated by a small amount, whereby the coupling jig 3 is accurately positioned and stopped at a constant angular phase. The angular phase of the spline tooth profile of the coupling jig 3 in this positioning stop state is a phase that meshes with the spline S at the shaft end of the crankshaft W positioned in the circumferential direction by being placed on the work set jig 7 described later. Thus, the mounting phase of the coupling jig 3 with respect to the drive mechanism 5 is set. The crankshaft W, which is the rotating body to be tested, is automatically mounted on the bearings 1a and 1b by the transfer device 6. The transfer device 6 includes a linear guide mechanism 6 extending in the horizontal direction.
1, a moving member 62 supported to be displaceable above, a lateral moving cylinder 63 for moving the moving member 62 on the linear guide mechanism 61, and moving the movable member 62 up and down together with the linear guide mechanism 61 and the lateral moving cylinder 63. Moving linear guide mechanism 6
4 and a lifting / lowering cylinder 65. A work set jig 7 is fixed to the tip of the moving member 62. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the work setting jig 7 has two flat plate-shaped work receiving plates 71 and 72, each of which is set up vertically. A V-shaped groove 71a is formed at the upper end, and a V-shaped groove 72a is also formed at the upper end of the other work receiving plate 72. This V-shaped groove 72a is a parallel portion formed by vertically rising both sides of the V-shape. 72b. And
V-grooves 71a, 72a of both work receiving plates 71, 72
Are different from each other, and an intermediate shaft portion WC coaxial with the rotation axis of the crankshaft W is supported in one V-groove 71a,
The crankshaft W is set to be horizontal by supporting the first crankpin WP1 in the other V groove 72a. In the transfer device 6, the laterally moving cylinder 63 and the vertically moving cylinder 65 are driven to move the work set jig 7 fixed to the tip of the moving member 62, so that the work set jig 7 is placed on the work set jig 7. The obtained crankshaft W is transferred to the transport paths P1 to P3 shown in FIGS.
And is conveyed to the measurement position P4 on the bearings 1a and 1b.
That is, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram viewed from the direction of the arrow A in FIG. 1, and after the crankshaft W transferred from the outside of the apparatus to the carry-in / out position P1 is lifted to the position P2 immediately above, the bearing 1a , 1b, and then lowered to rest on the bearings 1a, 1b at the measurement position P4. After the completion of the balance test, the crankshaft W is taken out of the measurement position P4 to the carry-in / carry-out position P1 via a path reverse to the above, and is transferred to the outside of the apparatus. Next, the details of the operation of the above embodiment of the present invention during automatic operation will be described. When the crankshaft W is loaded, the crankshaft W is placed on the work set jig 7 waiting at the loading / unloading position P1. At this time, as described above, the intermediate shaft portion WC is mounted on the one V-groove 71a and the first crankpin WP1 is mounted on the other V-groove 72a, so that the crankshaft W is in the horizontal posture and the first crankpin WP1. WP1 is positioned in the circumferential direction so as to be vertically above the axis connecting journal portions WJa, WJb and intermediate shaft portion WC. In this state, therefore, one journal part WJ
The angular phase of the spline S formed at the shaft end of “a” is also constant. Further, when the crankshaft W is carried in, the coupling jig 3 stops and stands by while being separated from the bearing portion 1a.
As described above, the positioning hole 51b of the intermediate rotary shaft 51 to which the coupling jig 3 is attached has a constant phase facing vertically downward. The crankshaft W mounted on the work set jig 7 at the carry-in / out position P1 is mounted on the bearings 1a and 1b by the drive of the transfer device 6. At this time, the work set jig is used. 7, after the crankshaft W is lowered from the position P3 and mounted on the bearings 1a and 1b,
By further lowering slightly, the first crankpin WP1 of the crankshaft W is brought into contact with the V groove 7 of the work receiving plate 72.
2a comes out of contact with the first crankpin WP1, but stands by with the first crankpin WP1 sandwiched in the parallel portion 72b above the V groove 72a. Therefore, in this state, the crankshaft W is rotatably supported by the bearings 1a and 1b at the journal portions WJa and WJb at both ends, but the parallel portion 72b of the work set jig 7 is not rotatable.
And the first crankpin WP1 interferes with rotation. By driving the parallel chuck 53 in this state, the coupling jig 3 moves in a direction approaching the bearing portion 1a in order to couple with the spline S at the shaft end of the crankshaft W. At this time, the crankshaft W
And the spline teeth of the coupling jig 3 are positioned at an angular phase at which they mesh with each other.
Both are easily combined. Coupling jig 3 and crankshaft W
After the work set jig 7 is lowered to a position where the work set jig 7 is not in contact with the crankshaft W by the drive of the transfer device 6, the servo motor of the drive mechanism 5 is rotated to drive the coupling judge. The crankshaft W is rotated via the tool 3, and an unbalance signal is detected. Thereafter, as described above, the positioning hole 51b of the hollow rotary shaft 51 is stopped at a constant angular phase facing substantially vertically downward as described above, and then the retracting member 55b is lowered by driving the cylinder 55d of the positioning device 55. When the tapered shaft 55a is drawn vertically downward, the coupling jig 3
Are positioned such that the angular phase of the first phase becomes the initial constant phase. As a result, the crankshaft W assumes a posture in which the first crankpin WP1 faces vertically upward. In the retracted state of the taper shaft 55a, the taper shaft 55a is separated from the hole of the slide member 54, and in this state, the slide member 54
The coupling jig 3 moves back in the direction, and the coupling jig 3 is disengaged from the spline S, and the two are brought into a non-contact state. In this state, the work set jig 7 is raised by the driving of the transfer device 6, and the intermediate shaft portion WC of the crankshaft W and the first crankpin WP1 are lifted by the V groove 71a of the flat plate 71 and the V groove 72a of the flat plate 72, respectively. After moving from the position P4 to the position P3, the traverse moves to the position P2, conveys the crankshaft W to the carry-in / out position P1, and moves to the next cycle. In the above-described embodiment, an example in which the crankshaft is used as a test rotating body and the coupling jig is coupled to a spline formed at the end of the shaft to rotate the crankshaft will be described. However, the present invention provides various types of rotating bodies, in which splines are formed at the ends of the shafts in addition to the crankshaft, and the angular transfer of the splines and other geometric characteristics have a fixed relationship. Needless to say, the present invention can be applied to a rotating body having a keyway formed at the shaft end instead of the spline. In this case, the coupling jig is fitted to the keyway. What is necessary is just to form a key-shaped projection that fits. According to the present invention, the spline or the like formed at the shaft end of the rotating body has a constant angular phase by utilizing the shape characteristics of the rotating body to be tested. While positioning in the circumferential direction, stop the positioning of the coupling jig, which is connected to the spline, etc., to rotate the test rotating body so that it has a certain angular phase, and move the coupling jig in that state. Since it is joined to the spline etc. of the rotating body under test, compared to the case where the coupling jig is coupled while rotating the rotating body under test little by little by trial and error as in this type of conventional apparatus, The coupling operation of the coupling jig can be ensured, and at the same time, the required time can be greatly shortened, and the processing capacity of the balancing test machine can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a main configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the vicinity of a coupling jig 3 and a driving mechanism 5 of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a front view of the drive mechanism 5 as viewed in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams of a work setting jig 7 used in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a front view and FIG. 4B is a left side view thereof. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a crankshaft W which is a test rotating body according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a transfer path of the crankshaft W by the transfer device 6 according to the embodiment of the present invention. [Description of Signs] 1a, 1b Bearings 2a, 2b Measurement stand 3 Coupling jigs 3a, 3b Flanges 4a, 4b Universal joint 5 Drive mechanism 51 Hollow rotary shaft 51b Positioning hole 52 Slide member 53 Parallel chuck 54 Mechanism 55 Positioning device 55a Taper shaft 55b Retraction member 55c Spring 55d Cylinder 55e Holding member 6 Transfer device 7 Work set jig 71, 72 Work receiving plate 71a, 72a V groove 72b Parallel portion W Crankshaft (sample rotating body) WJa, WJb Journal parts WP1 to WP4 Crank pin WC Intermediate shaft part S Spline

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A test rotating body is supported on a bearing portion so that its rotating shaft is horizontal, and a spline or a key groove formed at a shaft end of the rotating body is provided. An unbalance signal generated by engaging and rotating the coupling jig is detected, and the direction and amount of unbalance existing in the rotating body are detected by a balance tester. A set jig for positioning the spline or keyway so that the angular phase is constant by supporting it in a fixed direction around the rotation axis using the set jig. A conveying means for conveying the test rotating body onto the bearing, and positioning and stopping the coupling jig so that the angular phase thereof is constant; Balancing machine, characterized in that and a driving mechanism for close-spaced horizontally with respect to the end portion.