JPH0453884Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention relates to a workpiece type discrimination device, and more specifically, it is a device that determines the length of a long workpiece before it is transported into a small-scale machine, etc. The present invention relates to a workpiece type discriminating device that can automatically discriminate and also distinguish between forward and reverse loading directions of workpieces, thereby improving the efficiency of loading and unloading work.

[Prior art]

Generally, in machine tools that cut or grind long workpieces, the workpiece is supported at two locations in the longitudinal direction by a pair of corresponding conveyor jaws, and these conveyor jaws are advanced to temporarily receive the workpiece. Workpieces are transferred and taken in and out, and therefore machine tools that cut or grind long workpieces require a dedicated workpiece loading and unloading device.

By the way, in the case of long workpieces such as crankshafts, which differ in length and diameter depending on the car model, the spacing between the journal parts, that is, the support span, differs, so conventional workpiece loading/unloading devices cannot accommodate the type of workpiece. In order to accommodate different workpieces, it was necessary to replace the transport claws and change the position where the workpieces were supported.

Further, the temporary receiving claw is arranged separately from the conveying claw, and the temporary receiving claw is also replaced depending on the type of workpiece to change the position at which the workpiece is received.

Therefore, conventional workpiece loading/unloading devices require various types of temporary receiving claws and conveying claws, and the temporary receiving claws and conveying claws are changed for each workpiece to be transported with a different length or diameter. Because of the need for setup changeover, it takes a lot of time and effort, and there is also the problem of increased costs due to the large number of parts.Furthermore, due to manual setup changeover work, productivity and workability are poor. There was a problem.

[Purpose of invention]

This invention was devised by focusing on such conventional problems, and its purpose is to perform longitudinal inspection of different types of workpieces in advance when conveying them to the main shaft of the machine. In addition to automatically changing the clamping position of the workpiece clamping device based on this measured output signal, there is no need to change the conveyor jaws or temporary receiving jaws as required in the past. The present invention also provides a workpiece type discriminating device that can determine whether the workpiece is being fed in the normal direction or in the reverse direction, thereby improving productivity and workability.

[Structure of the invention] In order to achieve the above object, this invention includes a workpiece receiving device equipped with a pair of workpiece receiving parts that can be raised and lowered to receive a long workpiece, and a workpiece receiving device disposed on one side of the workpiece receiving device. , a reference pad that can come into contact with one end surface in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece loaded into the workpiece receiver, and a reference pad that is disposed on the other side of the workpiece receiver and can be horizontally reciprocated in the direction of the reference pad. and a movable pad that can come into contact with the other end surface in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece, and a detection device that detects a moving distance of the movable pad when the movable pad is brought into contact with the end surface of the workpiece with reference to the reference pad. means, when the direction of inputting the workpiece into the workpiece receiving device is reversed, the reference pad is configured to
The gist is that the protrusion has a protrusion that interferes with the workpiece and prevents the end surface of the workpiece from coming into contact with the reference pad.

[Example of idea]

Embodiments of this invention will be described below based on the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a machine tool (lathe) implementing this invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 1, showing the machine tool 100.
The main shaft 110 (spindle) of the main shaft 110 (spindle) holds workpieces W (in this embodiment, a long crankshaft as shown in FIG. 4) that are successively conveyed on the front side (on the right side in FIG. 1). A workpiece type discrimination device 1 is installed which measures the length of various workpieces W and determines whether the direction of input of the workpieces W is normal or reverse. A work clamping device 50 that chucks a predetermined position of the work W that has been determined and rotates and transports the work W to the center position 0-0 of the main shaft 110.
is installed.

1 to 3, 120 is a drive motor for the main shaft 110, 130 is a control panel, 140 is a cutting device, 150 is a hydraulic unit, and 160 is a chip processing device.

Next, the workpiece type discriminating device 1 operates as shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 9, there is a workpiece receiving device 3 on the support plate 2 that is movable up and down and has a V-shaped workpiece receiving portion 4 at its tip, and the workpiece receiving portions 4 are provided on both sides of the workpiece receiving device 3. A reference pad 5 that is brought into contact with both end surfaces of a workpiece W placed in the workpiece W and a movable pad 6 that can be slid in the horizontal direction are arranged opposite to each other,
Furthermore, a detection means 7 is provided on the side of the movable pad 6 for measuring the distance traveled by the movable pad 6, that is, the length of the workpiece W when it is held between the reference pad 5 and the movable pad 6.

Further, on the front side of the workpiece receiving device 3 (on the right side in FIGS. 7 and 8), a workpiece receiving device 8 is provided.
is installed.

The workpiece receiving device 3 includes the support plate 2
An elevating cylinder 9 is attached to the lower surface of the elevating cylinder 9, and the work receiving part 4 (temporary receiving claw) is attached to the tip of the rod 9a of the elevating cylinder 9 via L-shaped support arms 10a, 10b. Arm 10
a and 10b are configured to move up and down in the vertical direction via brackets 11a and 11b that support the reference pad 5 and movable pad 6 and guide rods 12a and 12b that pass through the support plate 2, and LS1 and LS2 are This is a limit switch that detects the vertical position of the work receiving device 3.

Next, the reference pad 5 provided on one side of the work receiving device 3 is attached to the bracket 11 as shown in FIG.
This reference pad 5 is attached so as to be movable in the horizontal direction via a cylinder 13 attached to a.
As shown in FIG. 9, a protrusion 14 is formed protrudingly on the side surface to determine whether the direction of the input work W is normal or reverse. This protrusion 1
4, if the direction of the work W is normal, the work W
However, when the direction of the workpiece W is reversed, it interferes with the end face of the workpiece W, making it impossible for the workpiece W to contact the reference pad 5.

Further, the movable pad 6 attached to the bracket 11b facing the reference pad 5 is configured to slide in the horizontal direction via a pressing cylinder 15 attached to the bracket 11b. A detection rod 16 constituting a part of the detection means 7 is installed horizontally. The detection rod 16 moves along a linear scale 18 on a support plate 17 stretched from a bracket 11b, and from this linear case 18, a workpiece clamping device 50, which will be described later, is connected to a workpiece clamping device 50 corresponding to the moving distance of the movable pad 6. A pulse signal is output.

Next, in the work transfer device 8 installed on the front side of the work receiving device 3, as shown in FIGS. One end of a connecting arm 21 is fixed to the tip of the rod 20a, and the center portion of the connecting arm 21 is rotatably connected to a support bracket 22a erected on the support plate 2 via a pin 23 at the other end of the connecting arm 21. One end of a pivotally supported L-shaped link member 24 is rotatably connected.

At the other end of the link member 24, pins 25a, 2
The proximal ends of the two rods 26a, 26b are rotatably connected via the rod 5b.
A workpiece support plate 28 is attached to the tip of 6b in an inclined manner via pins 27a and 27b.

The workpiece support plate 28 includes a guide plate 2 disposed on the support brackets 22a and 22b in a state that is inclined with respect to the input section X of the workpiece W.
9, slide the input workpiece W along V
It guides the workpiece W to the letter-shaped workpiece receiving part 4 and pushes up the processed workpiece W when returning it to the input part X again. In addition, 30 in the figure is a stopper of the link member 24.

Next, the work clamp device 50 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 10 to 13.

In the work clamping device 50, as described above, the rotary drive shaft 52 is rotatably installed between the support brackets 51a and 51b installed between the main shaft 110 and the workpiece type discriminating device 1. A drive motor 53 for rotating a rotary drive shaft 52 is installed via a base 54 (see FIG. 10).

The rotary drive shaft 52 has a spline formed on its outer peripheral surface, and as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, two left and right sliding bodies 55a and 55b are engaged with the spline, respectively. is,
It is freely slidable in the axial direction and restrained in the rotational direction. Chucking arm bodies 56a, 56b are integrally attached to each of the sliding bodies 55a, 55b.
6b is provided with a pair of chucking claws 58a, 58b which can be opened and closed via a gear mechanism 57, which will be described later.

A pitch adjustment shaft 62, in which a threaded shaft 59 and a spline shaft 60 are connected via a coupling 61, is arranged parallel to the lower part of the rotary drive shaft 52. A guide rod 63 supported by brackets 51a and 51b and a rotating screw shaft 64 are arranged in parallel.

The spline shaft 60 of the pitch adjustment shaft 62 is
As shown in FIG. 10, it is engaged with and inserted into a spline cylinder 66 having a spline 65 formed on its inner periphery, and is allowed to move forward and backward in the axial direction with respect to the spline cylinder 66, but is restricted in the rotational direction.

Further, one end of the spline tube 66 is connected to a pitch adjustment drive motor 68 mounted on the support bracket 51b. Pitch adjustment shaft 62
A bearing case 83 is rotatably and fixedly attached in the axial direction via a bearing 67 at the left end of the bearing case 83.
It is integrally connected to the outer ring of a. A nut 69 is screwed onto the threaded shaft 59, and the nut 69 is integrally connected to the outer ring of a bearing 84b whose inner ring is fixed to the other sliding body 55b. That is, the bearing case 83 and the nut 69 cannot rotate themselves. Therefore, when the pitch adjustment shaft 62 is rotated by the drive motor 68, the nut 69 is moved in the axial direction by the screw shaft 59. The position of the sliding body 55b is adjusted in the axial direction via the bearing 84b, and the pitch between it and the other sliding body 55a is adjusted. At the same time, as the pitch adjustment shaft 62 advances and retreats, one sliding body 55a and the other sliding body 55b are integrally moved to a predetermined position in the axial direction through the bearing case 83 and bearing 84a at the tip, and the other sliding body 55b through the nut 69. The position is being adjusted.

The forward and backward movement of the pitch adjustment shaft 62 is performed by a position adjustment drive motor 73 supported by the support bracket 51b. That is, the guide rod 63 has three guide tubes that are rotatable to the bearing case 83, the nut 69, and the pitch adjustment shaft 62, and are each integrally connected to a connecting body 85 that is connected and attached in the axial direction. 70
a, 70b, and 70c are loosely fitted in a rotatable and slidable manner, and one of them, guide tube 70c, is attached to a bracket 72 on a nut 71 screwed onto a rotating screw shaft 64.
Therefore, when the rotary screw shaft 64 is rotationally driven by the drive motor 73, the nut 71 is moved in the axial direction and the guide cylinder 70
c. The pitch adjusting shaft 62 is guided by the spline cylinder 66 and the guide rod 63 via the connecting body 85 and is moved forward and backward in the axial direction.

The drive motors 68 and 73 are driven based on the output signal from the detection means 7 of the workpiece type discrimination device 1 described above, and simultaneously adjust the pitch of the chucking arm bodies 56a and 56b of the sliding bodies 55a and 55b. This is to adjust the position. Next, the structure of the chucking arm bodies 56a, 56b supported by the sliding bodies 55a, 55b will be explained. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, sliding bodies 55a and 55b
Brackets 75a and 75b are respectively installed in
Rotatably supported via shafts 76a and 76b,
These shafts 76a, 76b have pinion gears 77a,
77b is installed.

On the other hand, the pinion gear 77a is connected to the bracket 75.
A shaft 86 rotatably supported between a and 75b
An idle gear provided on a shaft 78 parallel to the shaft 86 meshes with an idle gear 79b provided on the shaft 86, and an idle gear 79c provided on the shaft 86 is rotatably supported within the brackets 75a and 75b. It meshes with 79a. This idle gear 79a meshes with a rack 82 provided on a rod 81 of a drive cylinder 80.
Further, the other pinion gear 77b directly meshes with the idle gear 79b, and the one pinion gear 77b directly meshes with the idle gear 79b.
It is designed to be rotated in the opposite direction to a.

Therefore, when the drive cylinder 80 expands and contracts, the chucking pawl 58a is moved through the idle gear 79a meshing with the rack 82, and the idle gears 79c and 79b, and the pinion gear 77a.
However, on the other hand, the chucking pawls 58b are simultaneously rotated in opposite directions via the pinion gear 77b, and the tips of both chucking pawls 58a, 58b open and close each other to chuck the aforementioned predetermined position of the measured workpiece W. It is meant to be clamped.

Both drive cylinders 80 are synchronously driven and both sliding bodies 5
Chucking claws 58a, 58b on 5a, 55b
performs the same chucking operation.

Further, the chucking arm bodies 56a and 56b that chuck the workpiece W are connected to the rotational drive shaft 5.
The workpiece W is loaded and unloaded by rotationally driving a drive motor 53 provided at one end of the workpiece W by rotating the workpiece W by 180 degrees forward and reverse while keeping the positions fixed relative to each other.

Next, the effect will be explained.

One of the different types of workpieces W sequentially conveyed to the side of the machine tool 100 is placed onto the V-shaped workpiece receiving section 4 of the workpiece receiving device 3 that can be raised and lowered of the workpiece type discriminating device 1, and The workpiece detecting means 7 measures the length of the workpiece, and the protrusion 14 provided on the reference pad 5 determines whether the inserted workpiece W is in the normal or reverse direction.

The longitudinal measurement of the workpiece W is performed using a linear scale 18, and when the measured value is an abnormally large value greater than a predetermined value, the opposite end surface of the workpiece W hits the protrusion 14 of the reference pad 5. It is found that they are in contact with each other, and the reverse orientation of the workpiece W is detected.

In this case, the operator can start normal operation by changing the direction of the work W to the correct direction and loading the work W again.

Next, the workpiece W discriminated by the workpiece type discrimination device 1 is raised to a predetermined position by the workpiece receiving device 3, and the workpiece chucking claws 58a, 58b are moved based on the data discriminated by the workpiece type discrimination device 1. The clamp position and pitch interval are automatically corrected, and the workpiece W lifted by the workpiece receiving device 3 is centered in the radial direction at the V-shaped workpiece receiving portion, and the workpiece W is transferred to the workpiece clamping device 50. The workpiece W is clamped by the workpiece chucking claws 58a and 58b, and the heightwise position of the workpiece W is centered at the same time.

Then, the workpiece chucking claws 58a, 58b in a state where the workpiece W is clamped are moved to the machine tool 1.
00 spindle position (main shaft 110 and center 11
1), and the driving motor 73 moves both the chucking arm bodies 56a, 56b to the main shaft 1.
The work W is fitted and moved slightly to the left toward the 10 side, and one end of the work W is clamped to the main shaft 110. (4th
(See figure) Then, the center 111 is moved forward to support the other end of the workpiece W, and then the chucking claw 58a,
58b is expanded to transfer the workpiece W to the main shaft 110.

After the machining of the work W by the machine tool 100 is completed, the work W clamped to the main spindle 110 is released from being held by the work chuck claws 58a and 58b, the center 111 is moved back, and both chucks are Yatsuking arm body 56a, 5
6b to the right, pull out the workpiece W from the main spindle 110, perform the operation in the opposite direction to the above, and transfer it from the workpiece receiving device 3 to the workpiece transfer device 8 to the workpiece loading position (workpiece input section X).
It will return it to.

By performing the above-mentioned operation, this device allows workpieces to be carried in and out without having to replace parts of the device, even when different types of workpieces W are transported one after another.
Export can be carried out efficiently.

[Effect of idea]

As described above, this invention includes a workpiece receiving device equipped with a pair of workpiece receiving portions that can be raised and lowered to receive a long workpiece, and a workpiece receiving device that is disposed on one side of the workpiece receiving device and is loaded into the workpiece receiving portion. a reference pad that can come into contact with one end surface in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece; A movable pad capable of contacting the other end surface, and a detection means for detecting a moving distance of the movable pad when the movable pad is brought into contact with the end surface of the workpiece, with the reference pad as a reference. The pad has a protrusion that interferes with the workpiece and prevents the end surface of the workpiece from coming into contact with the reference pad when the workpiece is loaded into the workpiece receiving device in the opposite direction. ,
It has the following excellent effects.

a. If the protruding part of the reference pad is inserted in the opposite direction, it will interfere with the work and prevent the end face of the work from coming into contact with the reference pad.
It is possible to determine whether the workpiece is being loaded in the right or wrong direction, making it easy to prevent errors in loading the workpiece, and preventing machine tool failures and defective workpiece machining caused by incorrectly loading the workpiece in the opposite direction. This is particularly effective when used in automatically controlled machine tools.

b The workpiece clamping position of the clamping device that carries the workpiece into and out of the machine tool can be controlled based on the length of the workpiece detected by the detection means, and the workpiece can also be accurately centered in the clamping device. , there is no need to manually change the transport jaws and temporary catch jaws of the clamp device depending on the type of workpiece, and this greatly improves the work efficiency of loading workpieces, thereby increasing the productivity of machine tools. It can be significantly improved.

c. Since the overall configuration of the device is simple, maintenance is easy and it can be manufactured at low cost.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of a machine tool in which this invention was implemented, Figure 2 is a front view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 1, and Figure 4 shows a workpiece clamped to the spindle. 5 is a partially enlarged front view of the work type discrimination device, FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a side view of the work transfer device, and FIG. 8 is a work transfer device. An enlarged side view showing the operating state of the device, FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged explanatory view of FIG.
Figure 0 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the work clamp device, No. 11
The figures are a sectional view taken along the - arrow in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is an enlarged sectional view showing the drive mechanism of the workpiece chucking claw, and FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing the operating state of the workpiece chucking claw. 1... Work type discrimination device, 3... Work receiving device, 4... Work receiving part, 5... Reference pad,
6...Movable pad, 7...Detection means, 14...Protrusion, 50...Work clamp device, 100...
Machine tool, 110...Main shaft (spindle).

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A workpiece receiving device having a pair of workpiece receiving portions that can be raised and lowered to receive a long workpiece; a reference pad that can come into contact with one end surface in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece; a movable pad that can come into contact with the other end surface; and a detection means that detects a moving distance of the movable pad when the movable pad is brought into contact with the end surface of the workpiece with the reference pad as a reference; The pad has a protrusion that interferes with the work and prevents the end surface of the work from coming into contact with the reference pad when the work is loaded into the work receiving device in the opposite direction. Type discrimination device.