JP3407069B2 - Bolt fastening device and fastening method - Google Patents
Bolt fastening device and fastening methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3407069B2 JP3407069B2 JP36700697A JP36700697A JP3407069B2 JP 3407069 B2 JP3407069 B2 JP 3407069B2 JP 36700697 A JP36700697 A JP 36700697A JP 36700697 A JP36700697 A JP 36700697A JP 3407069 B2 JP3407069 B2 JP 3407069B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bolt
- laser displacement
- fastening
- restraint
- head
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、ボルトの締結装置
及び締結方法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bolt fastening device and a fastening method .
【０００２】[0002]
【０００３】ボルトを確実に締結するためには、ボルト
の軸力（軸方向の引張力）は重要な要素となる。所要の
軸力をボルトに付与する方法として、従来より、締結ト
ルクによりボルトの軸力を管理する方法が存在する。し
かしこの方法の場合は、ボルトやナットあるいは被締結
部材の寸法精度の相違によって、締結トルクにバラツキ
が生じるため、所要の軸力を付与することができない場
合がある。In order to securely fasten the bolt, the axial force (tensile force in the axial direction) of the bolt is an important factor. As a method of applying a required axial force to a bolt, conventionally, there is a method of managing the axial force of the bolt with a fastening torque. However, in the case of this method, the fastening torque varies due to the difference in the dimensional accuracy of the bolts and nuts or the members to be fastened, so that the required axial force may not be applied.
【０００４】また、ボルトの長手方向に目印を付け、締
め付け前後のボルトの伸び量を測定する方法があるが、
これは分解式となるため簡便に量産組付工程で実施でき
ない。さらに、超音波によりボルトの伸びを測定する方
法があるが、ボルトの端面を精密に研磨した面が必要で
あることから、ボルト自体が高価となるという問題があ
った。There is also a method in which a mark is provided in the longitudinal direction of the bolt and the amount of elongation of the bolt before and after tightening is measured.
Since this is a disassembly method, it cannot be easily implemented in a mass-production assembly process. Further, there is a method of measuring the elongation of the bolt by ultrasonic waves, but there is a problem that the bolt itself becomes expensive because a surface whose end face is precisely polished is required.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の目的】本発明は、上記のような問題点を解決す
るためになされたもので、所要の軸力を精度良くボルト
に付与することができるボルトの締結装置及び締結方法
を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and a bolt fastening device and a fastening method capable of accurately applying a required axial force to a bolt. The purpose is to provide.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】上記課題を解決するため
の手段として本発明は、ボルトの頭部頂面から軸方向に
設けた測定穴の底部にレ−ザ−光を照射して、締結時に
おけるボルトの軸方向の伸びを測定するレ−ザ−変位計
と、前記レ−ザ−変位計を収容する収納部と、ボルト頭
部に嵌合して拘束する拘束部とを有する拘束治具と、ボ
ルトの軸部にナットを締結する締結工具と、レーザー変
位計からの信号によりボルトの軸方向の伸びが所定の長
さに達したときに締結工具へ作動停止信号を発する制御
装置とよりなり、前記拘束治具を介してボルト頭部に対
するレ−ザ−変位計の位置決めを行うよう構成した、ボ
ルトの締結装置を提供する。As a means for solving the above problems, the present invention is directed to the axial direction from the top surface of the head of a bolt.
At the time of fastening , illuminate the bottom of the measurement hole provided with laser light.
Laser displacement gauge for measuring axial elongation of bolts
And a housing portion for housing the laser displacement meter, and a bolt head
A restraint jig having a restraint portion that fits into the restraint portion and restrains,
The bolt extends in the axial direction by a predetermined amount according to the signal from the laser displacement meter and the fastening tool that fastens the nut to the shaft of the bolt.
Control that issues an operation stop signal to the fastening tool
It is composed of a device and can be connected to the bolt head through the restraint jig.
There is provided a bolt fastening device configured to position a laser displacement gauge .
【０００７】また、上記のボルトの締結装置において、
拘束治具でボルト頭部を拘束した状態で、拘束部の端面
側の内周縁部に形成した凹部と、ボルト頭部座面の外周
縁部に設けた凹部に弾性を有するグリップ材を合致させ
て、拘束治具と被締結部材の着座面との間に隙間が生じ
るよう構成した、ボルトの締結装置を提供する。Further, in the above bolt fastening device,
End face of the restraint part with the bolt head restrained by the restraint jig
Side inner peripheral edge and the outer periphery of the bolt head bearing surface
Align the grip material with elasticity with the recess provided on the edge.
A gap is created between the restraint jig and the seating surface of the fastened member.
That as configured, it provides a fastening device of the bolt.
【０００８】[0008]
【０００９】さらに、ボルト頭部の頂面から軸方向に測
定穴を設けたボルトと、前記請求項１または２に記載の
ボルトの締結装置を使用し、レ−ザ−変位計を収容した
拘束治具の拘束部をボルト頭部に嵌合して拘束し、レ−
ザ−変位計のレ−ザ−光を前記測定穴の底部に照射し
て、ボルトの軸方向の伸びを測定しながら、締結工具で
締結作業を行い、レーザー変位計からの信号によりボル
トの軸方向の伸びが所定の長さに達したときに制御装置
から締結工具へ作動停止信号を発して締結作業を終了す
る、ボルトの締結方法を提供する。以下、図面を参照し
ながら、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。Further, the axial direction is measured from the top surface of the bolt head.
A bolt having a fixed hole, and the bolt according to claim 1 or 2.
Using the bolt fastening device, housed the laser displacement gauge
The restraint part of the restraint jig is fitted to the head of the bolt and restrained.
The laser light of the laser displacement meter is applied to the bottom of the measuring hole.
With the tightening tool while measuring the axial elongation of the bolt.
The fastening work is done and the signal from the laser displacement meter
Control device when the axial extension of the unit reaches a predetermined length
Sends an operation stop signal to the fastening tool to end the fastening work.
A bolt fastening method is provided. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
【００１０】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態１】＜イ＞締結装置 本発明の締結装置は以下の構成要素よりなる。First Embodiment <A> Fastening device The fastening device of the present invention comprises the following components.
【００１１】ボルト頭部拘束治具
ボルト頭部拘束治具１は、一端側にレ−ザ−変位計２を
収納するための収納部１１を有し、他端側にボルト頭部
の拘束部１２を有し、収納部１１と拘束部１２とは、貫
通孔１３で連通されている。Bolt head restraint jig The bolt head restraint jig 1 has a housing portion 11 for housing the laser displacement gauge 2 on one end side, and a bolt head restraining portion on the other end side. 12, the storage portion 11 and the restraint portion 12 are communicated with each other through a through hole 13.
【００１２】拘束部１２は、ボルト頭部を嵌合する嵌合
穴１２ａと、ボルト頭部の頂面を押える丸突起状の頭部
押え部１２ｂとよりなり、ボルトの軸線と貫通孔１３の
軸線とが直線上に位置するようにボルト頭部を確実に固
定する。The restraint portion 12 is composed of a fitting hole 12a into which the bolt head portion is fitted, and a round projection-shaped head holding portion 12b which holds the top surface of the bolt head portion. Securely fix the bolt head so that it is aligned with the axis.
【００１３】また、拘束部１２の端面１２ｃ側の内周縁
部には凹部１２ｄを設け、板バネ等の弾性を有するグリ
ップ材１４を固定し、ボルト頭部座面の外周縁部に設け
た凹部５１にこのグリップ材１４を合致させることによ
って、ボルト頭部をより確実に固定できるようにしても
よい。A recess 12d is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the restraint portion 12 on the side of the end surface 12c, a grip member 14 having elasticity such as a leaf spring is fixed, and a recess provided on the outer peripheral edge of the bolt head seating surface. By matching the grip member 14 to 51, the bolt head may be more reliably fixed.
【００１４】なお、グリップ材１４をボルト頭部の凹部
５１に合致させて拘束した状態で、拘束部端面１２ｃと
被締結部材７の着座面７１との間に隙間７２が生じるよ
う構成する。これによって、被締結部材７の着座面７１
の凹凸に影響を受けることなく、ボルトの軸線と貫通孔
１３の軸線とが直線上に位置するようにボルト頭部を確
実に固定することができる。It should be noted that a gap 72 is formed between the end surface 12c of the restraint portion and the seating surface 71 of the member 7 to be fastened in a state in which the grip material 14 is restrained by matching with the recess 51 of the bolt head. As a result, the seating surface 71 of the fastened member 7
It is possible to securely fix the bolt head so that the axis of the bolt and the axis of the through hole 13 are located on a straight line without being affected by the unevenness.
【００１５】レ−ザ−変位計
レ−ザ−変位計２は、レ−ザ−光により測定対象物まで
の距離を計測するための公知の装置であり、ボルト頭部
拘束治具１の収納部１１内に収納されている。レ−ザ−
変位計２より発射されたレ−ザ−光は、貫通孔１３を介
して、ボルト５の頭部頂面から軸方向に設けた測定穴５
２の底部に照射され、ボルトの軸方向の伸びを測定する
ことができる。Laser Displacement Meter Laser displacement meter 2 is a known device for measuring the distance to the object to be measured by laser light, and accommodates the bolt head restraining jig 1. It is stored in the section 11. Laser
The laser light emitted from the displacement meter 2 is transmitted through the through hole 13 to the measuring hole 5 provided in the axial direction from the top surface of the head of the bolt 5.
The bottom of 2 is illuminated and the axial elongation of the bolt can be measured.
【００１６】ここで、測定穴５２の深さは、レ−ザ−光
照射距離変動が、十分にボルトの伸びと比例する深さと
し、ボルトを弾性域内で締結に使用する場合、ボルトの
締結前後における伸び変化量は、ボルトの軸力変位量に
比例する。このため、レ−ザ−光照射変化量をもってボ
ルトの軸力とすることができる。Here, the depth of the measuring hole 52 is such that the variation of the laser light irradiation distance is sufficiently proportional to the elongation of the bolt, and when the bolt is used for fastening within the elastic range, before and after fastening of the bolt. The amount of change in elongation is proportional to the amount of axial displacement of the bolt. Therefore, the amount of change in laser light irradiation can be used as the axial force of the bolt.
【００１７】締結工具
締結工具３としては、公知の電動レンチ等を用いること
ができる。この締結工具３の把持部３１によりナット６
を把持して、被締結部材に取り付けられたボルト５のね
じ部に螺着を行う。As the fastening tool 3, a known electric wrench or the like can be used. The grip portion 31 of the fastening tool 3 causes the nut 6
Is gripped and screwed onto the threaded portion of the bolt 5 attached to the member to be fastened.
【００１８】制御装置
制御装置４は、レ−ザ−変位計２で計測したボルト５の
軸方向の伸びが所定の長さに達したときに、締結工具３
に作動停止の信号を発し、締結作業を終了するためのも
のである。The controller 4 controls the fastening tool 3 when the axial extension of the bolt 5 measured by the laser displacement gauge 2 reaches a predetermined length.
This is to terminate the fastening work by issuing a signal to stop the operation.
【００１９】＜ロ＞締結方法
所要の軸力をボルト５の締結時の軸方向の伸びに換算
し、その数値を制御装置４に入力する。ボルト５を被締
結部材に取り付け、ナット６をねじ部に装着し、このナ
ット６を締結工具３の把持部３１で把持する。一方、ボ
ルト５の頭部は、ボルト頭部拘束治具１の拘束部１２で
確実に拘束する。<B> Fastening method A required axial force is converted into an axial extension when the bolt 5 is fastened, and the numerical value is input to the control device 4. The bolt 5 is attached to the member to be fastened, the nut 6 is attached to the threaded portion, and the nut 6 is gripped by the gripping portion 31 of the fastening tool 3. On the other hand, the head portion of the bolt 5 is securely restrained by the restraining portion 12 of the bolt head restraining jig 1.
【００２０】レ−ザ−変位計２からレ−ザ−光をボルト
５の測定穴５２の底部に照射して、ボルト５の軸方向の
伸びを測定しながら締結工具３を作動させてナット６を
締結する。そして、ボルト５が所定の伸びに達すると、
制御装置４からの信号により締結工具３が停止し、ナッ
ト６の締結を終了する。これによって、ボルト５に所要
の軸力を付与することができる。Laser light is emitted from the laser displacement gauge 2 to the bottom of the measuring hole 52 of the bolt 5, and the fastening tool 3 is operated while measuring the axial extension of the bolt 5, and the nut 6 is moved. Conclude Then, when the bolt 5 reaches a predetermined elongation,
The fastening tool 3 is stopped by the signal from the control device 4, and the fastening of the nut 6 is completed. With this, a required axial force can be applied to the bolt 5.
【００２１】[0021]
【発明の実施の形態２】図２は、ボルト頭部拘束治具１
の拘束部の変形例である。この拘束部１５は、弾性を有
し、拡張するよう付勢され、ボルト頭部５の側面の周囲
に複数設けられたチャック部材１５ａと、これらのチャ
ック部材１５ａの外周に嵌め込んで、チャック部材１５
ａ群を縮径させる拘束リング１５ｂとよりなる。Embodiment 2 of the Invention FIG. 2 shows a bolt head restraining jig 1
It is a modification of the restraint part. The restraint portion 15 has elasticity and is urged to expand, and a plurality of chuck members 15a provided around the side surface of the bolt head 5 and the chuck members 15a are fitted to the outer periphery of the chuck members 15a to form a chuck member. 15
It comprises a restraint ring 15b for reducing the diameter of the a group.
【００２２】チャック部材１５ａの先端部の内面には爪
１５ｃを設け、外周面の縦方向には複数のリブ１５ｄを
突設する。一方、拘束リング１５ｂの内周面の縦方向に
も複数のリブ１５ｅを設け、リブ同士を噛合するよう構
成する。A claw 15c is provided on the inner surface of the tip of the chuck member 15a, and a plurality of ribs 15d are provided on the outer peripheral surface in the vertical direction. On the other hand, a plurality of ribs 15e are also provided in the vertical direction on the inner peripheral surface of the restraint ring 15b so that the ribs mesh with each other.
【００２３】ボルト５の頭部を拘束する場合は、拘束リ
ング１５ｂを上方に位置させ、チャック部材１５ａ群を
拡張した状態でボルト頭部に嵌め込む。次に、拘束リン
グ１５ｂを押し下げて、チャック部材１５ａ群の外周を
締め付けて縮径させる。これによって、チャック部材１
５ａの爪１５ｃが、ボルト頭部の座面側端部の外縁部に
設けた凹部５３に噛み込み、ボルト頭部を確実に拘束す
ることができる。When the head portion of the bolt 5 is to be restrained, the restraining ring 15b is positioned above and the chuck member 15a group is fitted into the bolt head portion in an expanded state. Next, the restraint ring 15b is pushed down to tighten the outer circumference of the chuck member 15a group to reduce the diameter. Thereby, the chuck member 1
The claw 15c of 5a bites into the recess 53 provided in the outer edge of the seat surface side end of the bolt head, and the bolt head can be reliably restrained.
【００２４】[0024]
【発明の効果】本発明は以上説明したように、ボルトの
伸びにより軸力を管理するため、所要の軸力を精度良く
ボルトに付与することができ、ボルトを確実に締結する
ことが可能となる。しかも、従来のトルク締結方法並の
簡便さで締結作業を行うことができる。As described above, according to the present invention, since the axial force is controlled by the extension of the bolt, the required axial force can be applied to the bolt with high accuracy, and the bolt can be securely fastened. Become. Moreover, the fastening work can be performed as easily as the conventional torque fastening method.
【図１】 本発明の実施の形態１の説明図FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】 本発明の実施の形態２の説明図FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G01L 5/00 103 F16B 31/02 G01B 11/00 G01L 5/24 Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G01L 5/00 103 F16B 31/02 G01B 11/00 G01L 5/24
Claims (3)
測定穴の底部にレ−ザ−光を照射して、締結時における
ボルトの軸方向の伸びを測定するレ−ザ−変位計と、 前記レ−ザ−変位計を収容する収納部と、ボルト頭部に
嵌合して拘束する拘束部とを有する拘束治具と、 ボルトの軸部にナットを締結する締結工具と、 レーザー変位計からの信号によりボルトの軸方向の伸び
が所定の長さに達したときに締結工具へ作動停止信号を
発する制御装置とよりなり、 前記拘束治具を介してボルト頭部に対するレ−ザ−変位
計の位置決めを行うよう構成した、 ボルトの締結装置。1. The bolt is provided axially from the top surface of the head .
Les the bottom of the measuring holes - The - is irradiated with light, at the time of fastening
A laser displacement gauge for measuring the elongation of the bolt in the axial direction, an accommodating portion for accommodating the laser displacement gauge, and a bolt head
A restraint jig that has a restraint part that fits and restrains, a fastening tool that fastens a nut to the shaft part of the bolt, and the axial extension of the bolt due to the signal from the laser displacement meter.
When the length reaches the specified length, an operation stop signal is sent to the fastening tool.
And a laser displacement with respect to the bolt head through the restraint jig.
A bolt fastening device configured to position the meter .
おいて、拘束治具でボルト頭部を拘束した状態で、拘束
部の端面側の内周縁部に形成した凹部と、ボルト頭部座
面の外周縁部に設けた凹部に弾性を有するグリップ材を
合致させて、拘束治具と被締結部材の着座面との間に隙
間が生じるよう構成した、ボルトの締結装置。2. The bolt fastening device according to claim 1.
The bolt head with a restraint jig.
Of the bolt head seat
Grip material with elasticity in the recess provided in the outer peripheral edge of the surface
Make sure there is a gap between the restraint jig and the seating surface of the fastened member.
A bolt fastening device configured to generate a gap.
を設けたボルトと、 前記請求項１または２に記載のボルトの締結装置を使用
し、 レ−ザ−変位計を収容した拘束治具の拘束部をボルト頭
部に嵌合して拘束し、 レ−ザ−変位計のレ−ザ−光を前記測定穴の底部に照射
して、ボルトの軸方向の伸びを測定しながら、締結工具
で締結作業を行い、 レーザー変位計からの信号によりボルトの軸方向の伸び
が所定の長さに達したときに制御装置から締結工具へ作
動停止信号を発して締結作業を終了する、 ボルトの締結方法。3. A measuring hole extending axially from the top surface of the bolt head.
And a bolt fastening device according to claim 1 or 2 is used.
Then, the restraint part of the restraint jig that accommodates the laser displacement meter is attached to the bolt head.
The laser light of the laser displacement meter is radiated to the bottom of the measurement hole by fitting it to the part and restraining it.
Then, while measuring the axial elongation of the bolt,
Then, the bolt is extended in the axial direction by the signal from the laser displacement meter.
When the control reaches the specified length,
A bolt tightening method that issues a motion stop signal to end the tightening work .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP36700697A JP3407069B2 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 1997-12-25 | Bolt fastening device and fastening method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP36700697A JP3407069B2 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 1997-12-25 | Bolt fastening device and fastening method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11183280A JPH11183280A (en) | 1999-07-09 |
| JP3407069B2 true JP3407069B2 (en) | 2003-05-19 |
Family
ID=18488234
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP36700697A Expired - Fee Related JP3407069B2 (en) | 1997-12-25 | 1997-12-25 | Bolt fastening device and fastening method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3407069B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6206794B2 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2017-10-04 | 株式会社阪村機械製作所 | Measuring method of bolt tension |
| CN105960582B (en) | 2014-04-04 | 2019-04-26 | 应变实验室有限公司 | Intelligent bolt and its system |
| CN103994884B (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2016-07-06 | 广西桂冠电力股份有限公司大化水力发电总厂 | A kind of large-sized bolt is engaged the detecting device of situation with nut fastening |
| CN108204876B (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2024-04-16 | 烟台大学 | Device and method for detecting pretightening force in real time in bolt assembly process |
| CN110657976B (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2021-09-17 | 北京工业大学 | Bolt fastening experimental device for ensuring coaxiality |
-
1997
- 1997-12-25 JP JP36700697A patent/JP3407069B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11183280A (en) | 1999-07-09 |
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