JP3401193B2 - Arrangement structure of the intermittent device on the vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for disposing an interrupting device on a vehicle for mounting an interrupting device for interrupting a driving force from an engine on the vehicle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-48625 discloses an "electronic four-wheel drive control device". In this control device, as shown in FIG. 5, an engine 303 and a transmission 305 are arranged on the front wheels 301, 301 side. Further, a propeller shaft 307 connected to the transmission 305 is arranged on the rear wheels 306, 306 side. Further, a differential device 309 connected to the propeller shaft 307 is arranged on the rear wheels 306, 306 side.

Further, in the transmission 305, the transmission 311 includes a gear 313 and front and rear wheel connecting gears 315.
Is connected to the propeller shaft 307 via. An electromagnetic clutch (intermittent device) 317 is arranged at the shaft rear end of the front and rear wheel connecting gear 315 in the transmission 305.

The electromagnetic clutch 317 can reduce the internal circulation torque generated while the four-wheel drive vehicle is running.

[0005]

However, looking at the weight balance of the vehicle in the above publication, the engine 303 and the transmission 305 are arranged on the front side of the vehicle, and the propeller shaft 307 of the propeller shaft 307 is disposed inside the transmission 305. Since the electromagnetic clutch 317 is arranged on the way, weight is applied to the front side of the vehicle, and the weight balance is deteriorated. For this reason, there is a problem that the motion performance of the vehicle is deteriorated.

Further, in the above publication, the electromagnetic clutch 31
7 is a transmission 311 in the transmission 305.
In addition, since it is arranged on the rear side of the gear 313 and the front and rear wheel connecting gear 315, there is a problem that the cooling function by the heat buildup in the transmission and the traveling wind cannot be effectively obtained.

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a structure for arranging a connecting / disconnecting device in a vehicle, which can obtain a good weight balance of the vehicle and can effectively obtain a cooling function by running wind.

[0008]

According to the invention of claim 1, an engine arranged at the front of the vehicle and a propeller shaft are interposed.
Rear diff that distributes the driving force to the left and right rear wheels, and a drive pin that transmits the driving force from the engine to this rear diff.
An arrangement structure of an interrupting device for a vehicle, wherein an electromagnetically controlled interrupting device for interrupting a driving force from the engine is disposed in a vehicle provided with a union shaft , the interrupting device accommodating the rear differential. A connecting shaft that is supported on the connecting shaft connected to the propeller shaft, a clutch drum that rotates integrally with the connecting shaft, and one side member that is rotatably supported on the connecting shaft side inside the clutch drum, A main clutch disposed between the inner side of the clutch drum and the one side member, a pressing member connected to the one side member so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a relative rotation facing the pressing member and relative to the one side member. Cam ring arranged as possible,
A pilot clutch arranged between the cam ring and the clutch drum, and when the pilot clutch is engaged, a transmission torque is received between the pilot clutch and the pressing member to engage the main clutch by a cam force via the pressing member. And an electromagnet that moves the armature by the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil to engage the pilot clutch, and the disconnecting device includes the drive pinion gear.
It is housed in the carrier coaxially with the shaft , the yoke of the electromagnet is fixed to the carrier, the clutch drum has a flange portion at one end of the clutch drum, and one side of the clutch drum rotates on the carrier. are freely supported, one side of the both sides of one side member is supported on said clutch drum and Ichigawa member is connected to the drive pinion shaft to which a driving force from an engine is transmitted, prior Symbol
Wherein said pilot clutch to the clutch drum side of the flange portion armature is disposed, said across the flange portion is the electromagnet and the yoke disposed on the opposite side of the pilot clutch, the non-magnetic ring of the flange portion A magnetic path in which a body is arranged and the magnetic field lines generated by the electromagnetic coil pass through the yoke of the electromagnet, the flange portion, the pilot clutch, the armature, and reach the electromagnetic coil through the pilot clutch, the flange portion, and the yoke. Are formed, the two air gaps between the yoke and the flange portion are located on the inner diameter side of the outermost diameter of the clutch drum in the radial direction, and the magnetic lines of force pass through the two air gaps in the radial direction. The feature is that they are formed side by side in the radial direction.

In this arrangement structure, since the connecting / disconnecting device is arranged on the rear differential side, the weight balance between the front wheel side and the rear wheel side is improved. Further, on the front side of the intermittent device, for example,
Since the transmission and gears are not arranged, cooling by running wind can be effectively obtained. Further, since the disconnecting device becomes small, it is possible to contribute to the weight reduction of the vehicle,
The mountability is improved. That is, since an electromagnet that generates enough force to engage the pilot clutch is sufficient, a small electromagnet can be used, and the carrier that accommodates the interrupting device and the interrupting device can be reduced in size and weight.
Further, by accommodating the interrupting device in the carrier that accommodates the rear differential, a compact arrangement can be achieved. The interrupting device including the ring-shaped electromagnet is effectively cooled in the carrier in front of the rear differential. Further, since the disconnecting device is integrally housed in the carrier, it is possible to prevent collision of flying particles and intrusion of dust into the air gap when the vehicle is traveling.

Further, since the driving force is cut off quickly on the rear side of the propeller shaft, unlike the conventional case, the inertia (inertial force) of the propeller shaft does not act on the brake of the rear wheel, and the load on the brake is reduced. It is reduced and it is easy to control the anti-lock brake system.

The invention according to claim 2 provides the vehicle according to claim 1.
An arrangement structure of the intermittent device of, wherein the intermittent device is a road surface
Depending on the conditions and vehicle steering conditions, intermittent control or coil power
It is equipped with a control means that changes the flow value and controls the transmission torque.
It is characterized by being

In this arrangement structure, since the disconnecting device is small and lightweight, it can contribute to the weight reduction of the vehicle and the mountability is improved. That is, since an electromagnet that generates enough force to engage the pilot clutch may be used, a small electromagnet can be used, and the carrier for accommodating the interrupting device and the interrupting device can be reduced in size and weight.

[0013]

[0014]

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a power system of a four-wheel drive (4WD) vehicle using this embodiment. Hereinafter, the left and right directions are the left and right directions of this vehicle, and the right side of FIG. 1 corresponds to the front side (upper side of FIG. 3) of this vehicle. In addition, members and the like without numbers are not shown.

First, the structure of this power system will be described with reference to FIG. This power system includes an engine 1, a transmission 3, a front differential 5 (a front wheel differential device), front axles 7, 9, left and right front wheels 11, 13, a transfer 15, a propeller shaft 17, a rear differential 21 (a rear wheel differential). Device), rear axles 23, 25, left and right rear wheels 27, 29, and the like. The connecting / disconnecting device 19 is arranged on the propeller shaft 17 and on the rear differential 21 side.

The connecting / disconnecting device 19 is integrally housed in the carrier 33 of the rear differential 21. The connecting shaft 31 of the disconnecting device 19 penetrates the front end of the carrier 33 of the rear differential 21,
Bearing 3 (see FIG. 2 (a)) 35 allows carrier 3
3 and is connected to the propeller shaft 17 side by a spline portion 37. Thus, the connecting shaft 3
1 is rotationally driven by the driving force from the engine 1.

As shown in FIG. 2A, a clutch drum 41 is integrally provided at the rear end of the connecting shaft 31 via a flange portion 39. A hub 43 is rotatably supported inside the clutch drum 41 by a boss portion 45, a shaft support portion 47 between the connecting shaft 31, and a bearing 49.

A drive pinion shaft 51 is spline-connected to the boss portion 45 of the hub 43. Shaft 5
1 is supported on the carrier 33 by bearings 53, 53, and a drive pinion gear 57 meshing with the ring gear 55 of the rear differential 21 is integrally formed at the rear end thereof.

A multi-plate type main clutch 59 that connects the clutch drum 41 and the hub 43 is disposed between the clutch drum 41 and the hub 43. A pressing ring 61 of the main clutch is disposed on the front side of the clutch drum 41 and the hub 43. It is splined so that it can move freely. 2 (b) between the hub 43 and the cam ring 63 rotatably arranged in front of the hub 43. As shown in FIG.
As shown in, a cam 67 via the ball 65 is formed.

Between the cam ring 63 and the clutch drum 41, a multi-plate pilot clutch 6 for connecting them is provided.
9 (friction clutch) is arranged. An armature 71 is arranged on the rear side of the clutch 69.

A ring-shaped electromagnet 73 is arranged in front of the flange portion 39 of the clutch drum 41. The electromagnet 73 includes a yoke 75 and first and second electromagnetic coils 77, 7
9 and the yoke 75 is mounted on the carrier 3 by bolts 81.
It is fixed at 3.

An air gap through which the magnetic force lines 87 of the electromagnet 73 pass is provided between the convex portions 83, 85 of the flange portion 39 and the yoke 75, and the flange portion 39 is prevented from being short-circuited and is guided to the armature 71. Ring 8 of non-magnetic material
9 is embedded.

When the armature 71 is attracted to the electromagnet 73, the pilot clutch 69 has a strength corresponding to the attraction force.
Are pressed and engaged, and the coupling shaft 31 side (front wheel side) and the drive pinion shaft 51 side (rear wheel side) are clutch 6
9, the cam 67, the pressing ring 61, and the hub 43 are connected. Further, the driving force of the engine 1 acts on the cam 67 to generate a thrust force 91, and the thrust force 91 presses the main clutch 59 through the pressing ring 61 to engage the main clutch 59 to amplify the coupling force. The reaction force of the thrust force 91 is input to the flange portion 39 via the bearing 93 and the thrust ring 95, and the thrust force 91 is generated in the clutch drum 41.
Offset by.

The pilot clutch 69 is strongly engaged by the attractive force of the electromagnet 73.
The torque that can be transmitted by the connecting / disconnecting device 19 is about 100 kgm due to the application of the fastening force of 9, and the differential between the front and rear wheels is locked.
When the attraction force of the electromagnet 73 is weakened and the engagement force of the clutch 69 is weakened, the transmission torque of the disconnecting device 19 is about 100 kgm, and the slippage allows the differential between the front and rear wheels.
When the clutch 69 is released, the rear wheel side is separated from the engine 1. As illustrated equivalently in FIG. 2C, the coil 7
The number of turns N _{1 of} 7 is smaller than the number of turns N ₂ of the coil 79. The total N of N ₁ and N ₂ is shown in graph 2 in FIG.
The number is the same as the number N of turns of the conventional example showing 05. Lead wires of the coils 77 and 79 are connected to terminals A, B, C and D of a relay box 97, and the relay box 97 is connected to a power source 99 and a controller 101. The relay box 97 and the controller 101 constitute a switching means.

The controller (control means) 101 sends an operation signal to the relay box 97 according to road surface conditions and vehicle steering conditions based on signals from various sensors arranged on the vehicle body. This signal causes the relay box 97 to move the coil 7
First, disconnecting 9 and connecting only coil 77 to power supply 99
The mode is switched between the second mode in which the terminals B and C are connected and the coils 77 and 79 are connected in series to be connected to the power source, and the third mode in which the coils 77 and 79 are connected in parallel to the power source 99.

In the first mode, since only the coil 77 having a small number of turns (N ₁ ) and a small magnetic force and inductance is energized, as shown in the graph 103 of FIG.
The current value at −m rises from the current value I ₁ to I ₂ in the graph 205 of the conventional example in which the number of coil turns (N) is large, and the torque change with respect to the current change becomes small, so that precise torque control becomes possible. . Further, the response of the torque control becomes faster due to the reduction of the inductance, and the disengagement of the rear wheel side due to the opening of the pilot clutch 69 becomes quicker.

In mode 3, the coils 77 and 79 are energized in parallel, and the number of turns of these coils is smaller than that of the conventional example and the inductance is smaller, so that the current value I of the conventional example is I.
_A current value I ₄ greater than ₃ can be applied, and the interrupter 1
At 9, a torque as large as ΔT is obtained with a fast response. Further, according to the mode 3, the torque control in the range of 10 kg-m or more is transmitted with a quick response.

Further, as shown in the graph 107, if the total number of turns of each coil is reduced so that a torque of 100 kg-m can be obtained when a current I ₄ is applied in parallel connection, the whole coil can be made smaller and lighter. This is advantageous in terms of arrangement space.

Here, a comparison with the conventional interrupting device previously filed by the applicant will be described. The conventional connecting / disconnecting device shown in FIG. 4 (a) has an electromagnetic clutch 201 and a main clutch 203 for increasing the coupling force.

The magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil is represented by the product of the number of turns (N) and the current value (I). Graph 2 of the broken line in FIG.
Reference numeral 05 shows the torque-current characteristics of the conventional interrupting device. However, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), the conventional electromagnetic coil 207 is a single coil. Therefore, as shown in this graph, 100 kg-m.
If the number of turns of the coil is increased to obtain a large torque, the rising of the graph 205 increases, and the control width of the current is narrowed to I ₁ or less in the range of the normal torque of 10 kg-m or less, and the torque change with respect to the current change. It becomes large and precise torque control becomes difficult. Further, since the current is given by a high-frequency pulse by pulse width control (PWM), if the number of turns is large, the response is reduced due to the resistance due to the inductance, and a large current does not pass and a large clutch torque cannot be obtained for the number of turns. . Further, in the case of being housed in a case together with other devices as in these conventional examples, it is difficult to provide an arrangement space when the coil becomes large.

On the other hand, in the disconnecting device of the present embodiment, as described above, when each electromagnetic clutch is connected in parallel with the power source by the switching means, the number of turns of the conventional single clutch is the same as the total number of turns of each electromagnetic clutch. Since the inductance is much smaller than one coil, a large current can be passed and a large torque can be obtained. Therefore, the total number of turns of each electromagnetic coil is smaller than that of the conventional example having the same torque, and the size and weight are reduced accordingly.

Next, the function of the connection / disconnection device 19 will be described with reference to the power performance of the vehicle shown in FIG.

The driving force of the engine 1 is distributed from the transmission 3 to the front wheels 11 and 13 via the front differential 5, and the propeller shaft 17 is rotated via the transfer 15.

When the pilot clutch 69 is opened and the connecting / disconnecting device 19 is opened, the transmission of the driving force to the rear wheels 27, 29 is cut off and the vehicle is brought into the front wheel drive state, and the characteristics of the front wheel drive vehicle are obtained. Fuel efficiency is improved. When the pilot clutch 69 is engaged and the connecting / disconnecting device 19 is connected, the driving force is transmitted to the rear wheels by the differential limiting force corresponding to the connecting force, and the vehicle enters the 4WD state.

In this state, for example, when the front wheels run idle on a rough road, the driving force sent to the rear wheels via the connecting / disconnecting device 19 maintains the running performance. The driving force sent to the rear wheels is the disconnecting device 19.
The larger the differential limiting force of, the greater the maximum in the locked state. When the electromagnet 73 is set to the mode 3 as described above, the pilot clutch 69 can be locked and the disconnecting device 19 can be locked quickly.

If the attractive force of the electromagnet 73 is adjusted and the slip of the pilot clutch 69 is adjusted, the differential between the front and rear wheels is allowed through the connection / disconnection device 19. If this differential capacity is increased, the vehicle can make a smooth turn and can prevent a tight corner braking phenomenon when the vehicle is parked. When the electromagnet 73 is set to the mode 1 in such a low torque range, the torque control due to the slip of the clutch 69 can be precisely performed with a quick response as described above.

Limiting the differential between the front and rear wheels by the connection / disconnection device 19 improves the straightness of the vehicle and maximizes the locked state.

Intermittent device 1 even if the front wheels are locked during sudden braking
If 9 is released, the transmission of the lock force is blocked and the rear wheel lock can be prevented from being triggered. At this time, the mode of the electromagnet 73 is 1
However, even with 3, the response is quick, so the lock force can be cut off quickly, and it can correspond to the anti-lock brake system.

The use of the mode 2 of the electromagnet 73 is optional. The number of turns of each coil 77, 79 may be the same. Further, the number of electromagnetic coils may be three or more.

According to this embodiment, since the connecting / disconnecting device is arranged on the rear differential side, the weight balance between the front wheel side and the rear wheel side is improved. Further, for example, a transmission and a gear are not arranged on the front side of the connecting / disconnecting device, so that cooling by traveling wind can be effectively obtained. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in circuit resistance due to a rise in the temperature of the electromagnetic coil of the intermittent device, so that stable intermittent control can be performed by the intermittent device.

Further, by accommodating the interrupting device in the carrier for accommodating the rear differential, a compact arrangement can be achieved, and since the interrupting device can be assembled at the same time as the rear differential is assembled, the number of assembling steps can be reduced. You can

Further, since the interrupting device is small and lightweight,
The weight of the vehicle can be reduced, and the mountability is improved. Moreover, since the electromagnetic coil is divided into multiple parts to reduce the number of turns of each coil and the connection between these and the power source is arbitrarily switched, precise torque control can be performed in the normal torque range and large torque Capacity is obtained.

Further, since the cooling by the traveling wind can be effectively obtained, the torque fluctuation of the pilot clutch 69 can be prevented, so that the torque of the main clutch 59 for amplifying the torque of the pilot clutch 69 can be stably controlled. You can

Further, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic coil is formed in an annular shape, so that the cooling property is advantageous.

Further, since an electromagnet that generates a force sufficient to engage the pilot clutch 69 is sufficient, a small electromagnet can be used, which also reduces the size and weight of the carrier for accommodating the interrupting device and the interrupting device. Can be achieved.

Also, the carrier 33 in front of the rear differential 21.
The interrupting device 19 including the ring-shaped electromagnet therein is effectively cooled. Further, since the connecting / disconnecting device 19 is integrally housed in the carrier 33, it is possible to prevent collision of scattered objects and intrusion of dust into the air gap when the vehicle is traveling.

[0048]

According to the invention of claim 1, since the connecting / disconnecting device is arranged on the rear differential side, the weight balance between the front wheel side and the rear wheel side is improved. Also, on the front side of the intermittent device,
For example, since the transmission and the gears are not arranged, it is possible to effectively obtain the cooling by the running wind. As a result,
Since it is possible to suppress an increase in circuit resistance due to a rise in the temperature of the electromagnetic coil of the intermittent device, it is possible to perform stable intermittent control by the intermittent device. Further, since the disconnecting device is small and lightweight, it can contribute to the weight reduction of the vehicle, the mountability is improved, precise torque control can be performed, and a large torque capacity can be obtained. Further, since an electromagnet that generates a force sufficient to engage the pilot clutch is sufficient, a small electromagnet can be used, and the carrier that accommodates the interrupting device and the interrupting device can be reduced in size and weight.
Further, by accommodating the interrupting device in the carrier that accommodates the rear differential, a compact arrangement can be achieved, and the interrupting device can be assembled at the same time as the rear differential is assembled, so that the number of assembling steps can be reduced. Further, since the disconnecting device is integrally housed in the carrier, it is possible to prevent collision of scattered objects and intrusion of dust into the air gap when the vehicle is traveling.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, a compact arrangement can be achieved by accommodating the disconnecting device in the carrier for accommodating the rear differential.
Since the intermittent device can be assembled at the same time as the rear differential is assembled, the number of assembling steps can be reduced.

Further, since the connecting / disconnecting device is integrally housed in the carrier, it is possible to prevent collision of scattered objects and intrusion of dust into the air gap during traveling of the vehicle.

[0051]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a power system of a vehicle.

2A and 2B show an interrupting device, FIG. 2A is a sectional view, FIG. 2B is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2A, and FIG. 2C is a model diagram equivalently illustrating an electromagnetic coil.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating characteristics of an interrupting device.

FIG. 4 shows a conventional interrupting device, (a) is a sectional view,
(B) is a model diagram in which the electromagnetic coil is drawn equivalently.

FIG. 5 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing a conventional vehicle power system.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 engine 17 Propeller shaft 19 Intermittent device (electromagnetic clutch) 21 Rear differential 33 carriers 69 Pilot clutch (friction clutch) 71 Armature 75 electromagnet 77, 79 electromagnetic coil 97 relay box 99 power supply 101 controller (control means)

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16D 43/00-47/06 F16D 27/00-29/00 B60K 17/28-17/36

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. An engine disposed at a front portion of a vehicle, and a professional engine.
A vehicle equipped with a rear differential that distributes the driving force to the left and right rear wheels via a peller shaft, and a drive pinion shaft that transmits the driving force from the engine to the rear differential,
An arrangement structure of an interrupting device for a vehicle in which an electromagnetically controlled interrupting device for interrupting driving force from the engine is arranged,
The connecting / disconnecting device is supported by a carrier that houses the rear differential, and a connecting shaft that is connected to the propeller shaft, a clutch drum that rotates integrally with the connecting shaft, and a connecting shaft inside the clutch drum is connected to the connecting shaft side. A rotatably supported one-side member, a main clutch arranged between the inside of the clutch drum and the one-side member, a pressing member axially movably connected to the one-side member, and the pressing member. A cam ring facing the member and relatively rotatably disposed on the one side member, a pilot clutch arranged between the cam ring and the clutch drum, and a pilot clutch and a pressing member when the pilot clutch is engaged. Between the cam that engages the main clutch with the cam force that receives the transmission torque between the cam and the armature by the magnetic force of the electromagnetic coil. And a electromagnet moves the catcher is fastened the pilot clutch, the interrupter is housed integrally with the said carrier to the drive pinion shaft coaxially, the yoke of the electromagnet is fixed to the carrier, said clutch drum Has a flange portion at one end of the clutch drum, one side of the clutch drum is rotatably supported by a carrier, both sides of the one side member are supported by the clutch drum, and one side of the one side member is an engine. Drive pinion shuff that transmits the driving force from
Is connected to the bets, before the said pilot clutch to the clutch drum side of the notated flange portion armature is disposed, said electromagnet and said yoke is disposed on the opposite side of the pilot clutch across the flange portion, the flange A ring-shaped non-magnetic body is disposed in the portion, and the magnetic force lines generated by the electromagnetic coil pass through the yoke of the electromagnet, the flange portion, the pilot clutch, and the armature, and the pilot clutch, the flange portion, and the yoke. A magnetic path to the electromagnetic coil is formed, and the two air gaps between the yoke and the flange portion are located on the inner diameter side of the outermost diameter of the clutch drum in the radial direction, and the two air gaps are intermittent instrumentation, characterized in that the magnetic field lines are formed side by side in the radial direction so as to pass through in the radial direction <br/> direction Arrangement of. 2. Arrangement of the connecting / disconnecting device to the vehicle according to claim 1.
In the structure, the connection / disconnection device is used for road surface conditions and vehicle steering.
Depending on the conditions, intermittent control or changing the coil current value
An arrangement structure of an interrupting device for a vehicle, comprising a control means for controlling the reaching torque .