JP3392821B2 - Head work and construction method of head work - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drop work for flowing water such as rainwater and sewage from a high place to a low place, and a construction method of the drop work.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional drop work, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
As shown in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 000-212980, there is a technique in which a spiral guide path (what is called a drop shaft or the like) is provided inside a vertical pipe, and sewage is guided in a spiral shape in the vertical pipe. is there.

[0003]

There are various types of spiral guideways, including those made of metal, as well as those made of plastic and concrete (manufactured at the factory). We couldn't make things, and couldn't cope with large heads and flows. In addition, since there is a limit to the size of the guide passage, two spiral guide passages are provided vertically in the pipe so that the guide passage is not provided in the middle portion of the pipe. By doing so, there are some that are designed to deal with large-scale heads. In this case, the sewage is guided in a spiral shape along the inner circumference of the pipe even in the middle part of the pipe by utilizing the downflow force guided by the upper guide path. However, in this case, if the flow rate is large, the sewage will not be guided in a spiral shape but will fall in a straight line, and a loud noise will be produced when it falls into the lower guide path.

An object of the present invention is to provide a head drop construction capable of coping with a large-scale head drop and flow rate, and a construction method of the head drop construction.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is directed to, for example, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a head for flowing water from a high place to a low place. In the process 1, a large number of guide passages 31 to 34, which guide water to swirl and then flow downward through the openings 31a to 34a formed on the downstream side, are arranged at predetermined vertical intervals. It is provided with steps, and water is supplied to the upper guide paths 31 to 31.
After the water is guided so as to turn in 2 inside, the water is made to flow from a high place by sequentially repeating the flow through the guide passages 33 to 34 on the lower side through the openings of the upper guide passages. In order to prevent the flow velocity of water from increasing, it is constructed so that it can be guided down to a low place.
Each time it goes down one step up to 34, the guiding direction of the water by the guide path is sequentially reversed, and the multi-step guide paths 31 to 3 are formed.
No. 4 is characterized in that the space between the upper stage and the upper stage becomes wider as it goes to the lower stage.

Here, water is rainwater, sewage, or the like.
In addition, the guide path, in principle, guides water so as to swirl along a substantially annular or substantially arc-shaped path, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, water may be guided in a rectangular path. It may be made to turn along. This guide path may have a (slight) downward slope from the upstream side to the downstream side, or may be substantially flat from the upstream side to the downstream side.

Further, since it is premised that the guide direction of water is sequentially reversed, the flow velocity of water in the head is the largest at the time when it first flows into the head through the inflow pipe, and thereafter. May be such that the flow velocity (horizontal component thereof) decreases toward the lower part of the guideway (however, it depends on the inclination of the guideway, etc.). In this case, if the distance between the guide paths is constant, the noise decreases toward the lower tier, and therefore the lower tier may be set to a wider distance from the upper tier.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, after guiding the water so as to swirl in the upper guideway, the water is guided one step lower side through the downstream opening of the upper guideway. Water can be guided from a high place to a low place by sequentially repeating the flow down into the road. In other words, because the head can be secured by flowing water from the upper guideway to the lower guideway, it is possible to increase the number of guideway steps as necessary to cope with any large-scale head. it can. Further, since the flow velocity of the water can be attenuated while the water is being guided to be swirled in the guide passage of each stage, noise can be prevented from being generated.

Further, since the guiding direction (turning direction) of water by the guide paths is sequentially reversed every time the multi-step guide paths descend one step, the flow velocity of water can be prevented from increasing. It is possible to prevent noise.

Further, since the multi-stage guide path has a structure in which the space between the upper stage and the upper stage becomes wider as it goes to the lower stage, the noises generated respectively from the upper stage to the lower stage can be made uniform. As a result, it is possible to secure the maximum total head from the upper tier to the lower tier with the minimum equipment, and as a result, it is possible to cope with a larger head.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the drop structure 1 according to the first aspect, each of the multi-stage guide paths 31 to 34 is inclined downward from the upstream side to the downstream side. I am trying.

[0012] Here, in principle, it is desirable that the water is allowed to flow gently in the guideway, so in principle, it is desirable that the guideway has a slight downward slope.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the guide passages of each stage are inclined downward from the upstream side to the downstream side, respectively, the guide passages of each stage have an upstream side and a downstream side. It has a structure with a head. Therefore, in addition to the head for each step, it is possible to secure the head even in the guideway of each step. Moreover, since water can flow from the upstream side to the downstream side according to the downward inclination, there is no possibility that water will stay in the guide passages of each stage.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the drop structure 1 according to the third or fourth aspect, the direction of the inclination is sequentially reversed every time the guide paths 31 to 34 of the multiple stages are lowered. It has a feature.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the direction of the inclination of the guideways of each step is sequentially reversed every time the guideways go down by one step. , In sequence,
This configuration contributes to "reversing the direction of water guide by the guideway."

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the head drop construction 1 according to any one of the first to third aspects, the lower guide path 32 is provided.
To reverse the flow direction of water by preventing the water flowing down through the openings 31a to 33a of the upper guide passages 31 to 33 from swirling in the same direction on the upstream side of .about.34. The inversion wall portions 32b to 34b are provided.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the water that flows down through the opening of the upper guide path by the inversion wall portion is
By continuing to turn in the same direction, the flow direction of water can be reversed every time the guide path is moved down one step. Therefore, the momentum of the water generated in the upper guide path can be kept from being taken over in the lower guide path, and the water flow velocity can be reduced each time it descends, and as a result, the water flow velocity can always be kept low. .

Further, the reversing wall portion can also have a function as a downflow guide portion for guiding the water that flows down into the guide passage on the one step lower side through the opening. The inversion wall is
It is desirable to stand up above the upper guideway,
In this case, the reversing wall portion further effectively functions as the downflow guide portion.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the head drop 1 according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the outer wall of each of the multi-stage guide paths 31 to 34 is formed by the cylindrical side wall 2. It is characterized by being configured.

Here, in principle, it is desirable that the side wall has a substantially cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and, for example,
It may be a rectangular tubular side wall.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the outer peripheral wall of each guide path is constituted by the cylindrical side wall, the water is reliably guided so as not to spill from the outer peripheral side of each guide path. it can.

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in the drop construction 1 according to claim 5, the side wall 2 also has a function as an earth retaining wall of the drop construction.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the side wall also has a function as an earth retaining wall of the head drop structure, so that it is not necessary to form the head drop structure in a double structure as in the conventional case.
Therefore, if the volume is the same, it is possible to have a structure that can cope with a larger flow rate, and it is economical.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the head drop 1 according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, each of the multi-step guide paths is formed by a cylindrical inner wall 6 having a diameter smaller than that of the side wall 2. 31
It is characterized in that the inner peripheral walls of 34 to 34 are configured.

Here, in principle, it is desirable that the inner wall has a substantially cylindrical shape, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example,
It may be a rectangular tubular inner wall.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the inner peripheral wall of each guide path is constituted by the cylindrical inner wall having a diameter smaller than that of the side wall, water may spill from the inner peripheral side of each guide path. It is possible to guide you surely not to.

The invention according to claim 8 is a construction method of a head drop construction for constructing the head drop construction 1 according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the multistage guide paths 31 to 34 are provided. Is characterized in that each is constructed by concrete pouring.

According to the invention as set forth in claim 8, since the multi-staged guideways are respectively constructed by concrete pouring, the guideways can be made large in scale if necessary. Therefore,
It is possible to construct a drop work that can handle a large-scale flow rate.

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

First, the structure of the head drop 1 according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The head drop 1 according to the present invention has an inflow portion 4 that allows water from the outside to flow into the upper part of the head drop 1.
And a flow-down guide part 3 for guiding the water, which has flowed into the upper part of the drop structure 1 by the inflow part 4, to the lower part of the drop structure 1.
And an outflow portion 5 for letting out the water, which has been guided down to the lower portion of the drop construction 1 by the down flow guiding portion 3, to the outside of the drop construction 1.
It is roughly configured with and.

Of these, the flow-down guide portion 3 is, for example, a multi-step (for example, four steps in the case of this embodiment) guide path provided inside the cylindrical side wall 2 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction. It is roughly configured by 31, 32, 33, 34 and the guideway 35 in the lowermost stage. Here, each guide way 31-34
Bottom surfaces of the slabs 310, 320, 330, 340 provided vertically at predetermined intervals inside the side wall 2, and the outer peripheral walls of the guide paths 31 to 34 are formed by the inner surface portion of the side wall 2. Has been done. Also, each slab 31
In the center of 0 to 340, for example, a cylindrical inner wall 6 that vertically penetrates the slabs 310 to 340 is provided, and the outer peripheral portion of the inner wall 6 constitutes the inner peripheral wall of each of the guide paths 31 to 34. Has been done. Furthermore, the multi-stage guide paths 31 to 34
For example, the vertical positions of the slabs 310 to 340 are set so that the space between the lower tier and the upper tier increases. In addition, the bottom of the guideway 35 at the bottom is
It is constituted by the upper surface of the bottom plate portion 7 provided inside the lower end portion of the side wall 2, and the outer peripheral wall of the guide path 35 is constituted by the inner surface portion of the side wall 2. The side wall 2 also has a function as an earth retaining wall of the drop structure 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, each of the guide paths 31 to 34
Are each capable of guiding water so as to swirl along a substantially annular or substantially arcuate path. Each guide way 31
The openings 31a, 32a, 33 for allowing water to flow downward like a waterfall are provided at the bottoms on the downstream side of ~ 34.
a and 34a are provided. Of these, guideway 31-
The openings 31a to 33a of 33 are for allowing water to flow down into the guide passages 32 to 34 on the lower side by one step, respectively, and the opening 34a of the guide passage 34 allows the water to flow to the lowermost guide passage. It is for making it flow down to 35 (it is not provided with the opening part for flow-down).

Here, in the uppermost guideway 31,
For example, if it is a left-handed turning direction A, a right-handed turning direction B is used in the next-stage guideway 32, and a left-handed turning direction C is used in the next-stage guideway 33. In the guide path 34 of the step, the water guide direction is sequentially reversed every time the guide path 31 to 34 of the plurality of steps is moved downward such that the turning direction D is the clockwise rotation. This is the momentum of water generated in the upper guideway,
This is because the flow velocity of water is reduced every time it descends by not allowing it to be taken over in the lower guide path, and as a result, the flow velocity of water can always be kept low.

As described above, since the guiding direction of water is sequentially reversed every time the multi-step guide paths 31 to 34 descend, the upstream side of each of the guide paths 32-34 excluding the uppermost guide path 31. Is provided with reversing wall portions 32b, 33b, 34b, respectively. These inversion wall portions 32b to 34b
Is the opening 31a-33 of the upper guide path 31-33.
This is to prevent the water flowing down via a from continuing to swirl in the same direction to reverse the flow direction of the water. These reversal walls 32b, 33b, 34b are located downstream of the openings 31a-33a of the upper guide paths 31-33 in the water flow direction of the upper guide paths 31-33. It is distributed. Furthermore, these reversing walls 3
2b, 33b, 34b are arranged so that the surface direction thereof is the vertical direction, for example. Therefore, the water flowing down through the openings 31a to 33a of the guide passages 31 to 33 in the upper stage is in the middle of flowing down or in the guide passages 32 to 3 in the lower stage.
After flowing down into 4 (depending on the flow velocity of water and the size of the opening), it hits the reversing walls 32b, 33b, 34b and is bounced back to reverse its flow direction.

The reversing walls 32b to 34b are provided with the guide passages 32 to 34 located one step below through the openings 31a to 33a.
It also has the function of a downflow guide that guides the water that flows down. It is desirable that the inversion wall portions 32b to 34b stand upright above the upper guide paths 31 to 33,
In this case, the reversing walls 32b to 34b more effectively function as the downflow guides. The inversion wall portions 32b to 34b may be composed of a continuous upper and lower wall portion 36, and the upper wall portion 36 may reach, for example, the bottom surface of the lowermost guide path 35. Good.

The guide paths 31 to 34 are respectively
It is configured to have a slight (for example, about several% (for example, about 2%)) downward slope from the upstream side to the downstream side. As described above, since the water guiding direction is sequentially reversed every time the multi-step guide paths 31 to 34 are moved down by one step, the inclination direction of each step is determined by the step down of the guide paths 31 to 34. Are sequentially reversed. The inclination of each guide path 31 to 34 is
Every time it goes down the guide paths 31 to 34, it also contributes to the fact that the water guiding direction is sequentially reversed.

As described above, since the guide paths 31 to 34 are inclined from the upstream side to the downstream side, the guide paths 31 are formed.
The water that has flowed into the inside of ~ 34 flows to the downstream side by its own weight according to the inclination. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, since there is a drop between the upstream side and the downstream side of the guide passages 31 to 34 of each stage, in addition to the drop due to the interval between the stages, the guide passages 31 of each stage are provided. It is possible to secure a head even within 34.

The lowermost guide path 35 may be, for example, inclined downward toward the outflow pipe 5 or may be flat.

Further, a lid 11 is formed on the upper portion of the head drop 1 at a predetermined depth from the ground, and the upper portion of the lid 11 is backfilled to form an earth cover 12. ing. Further, the head drop 1 is provided with an entrance / exit hole 13 for a person to come and go from the lower side of the lid 11 to the ground.

Next, the flow of water in the drop construction 1 having such a configuration will be described. First, the water that has flowed in from the outside through the inflow pipe 4 is first guided in the guide passage 31 so as to turn along the direction of arrow A in FIG. It flows like a waterfall into the guide path 32 one step below through the side opening 31a. When this water flows down, or after it has flowed down, the water hits the reversing wall portion 32b and is repelled, and its flow direction is reversed. Next, the water is guided in the guide path 32 so as to turn along the direction of the arrow B according to a slight inclination, and then,
Similarly, it flows down into the guide path 33 through the opening 32a. In this way, the water is guided from the guideway 31 to the guideway 3
Up to 4, the flow direction is sequentially reversed while flowing down, reaches the lowermost guide path 35, and flows out from the guide path 35 to the outflow pipe 5.

As described above, according to the drop construction 1 according to the present invention, after guiding water so as to swirl in the upper guide paths 31 to 33, the water is guided downstream of the upper guide paths 31 to 33. Side lower guide path 32 through the side openings 31a to 33a
The water can be guided down from a high place to a low place by sequentially repeating the flow down to the inside. That is, since the head can be secured by causing the water to flow down from the upper guide paths 31 to 33 to the lower guide paths 32 to 34, it is possible to increase the number of the guide paths 31 to 34 as necessary. , Can accommodate any large head. Moreover, since the flow velocity of water can be attenuated while the water is guided to swirl in the guide passages 31 to 34 of each stage, noise can be prevented from being generated.

Further, since the guiding direction of the water by the guide paths 31 to 34 is sequentially reversed every time the multi-step guide paths 31 to 34 are moved down by one step, it is possible to prevent the water flow velocity from increasing. Therefore, it is possible to prevent noise from being generated. To be able to do this, specifically, for example, (A) on the upstream side of the lower guide paths 32 to 34, the upper guide paths 31 to 31 are provided.
Reversing walls 32b to 34b are provided to prevent water flowing down through the openings 31a to 33a of 33 from revolving in the same direction and to reverse the flow direction of water. Moreover, (B) the multi-stage guide paths 31 to 34 are
Each is inclined downward from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the direction of this inclination is sequentially reversed every time the guide paths 31 to 34 are lowered one step.

Further, on the assumption that the guiding direction of water by the guide paths 31 to 34 is sequentially reversed every time the multi-step guide paths 31 to 34 are moved down by one step, the multi-step guide paths 31 to 31 are formed.
34 has a configuration in which the space between the upper stage and the upper stage increases as it goes to the lower stage. This makes it possible to equalize the noise generated from the upper stage to the lower stage, while ensuring the maximum total head from the upper stage to the lower stage with the minimum equipment, resulting in a larger scale head. Can handle.

In addition, since the side wall 2 also has a function as an earth retaining wall of the drop structure 1, it is not necessary to form the drop structure in a double structure as in the conventional case. Therefore, with the same volume, it can be configured to support a larger flow rate, and
It is economical.

Next, a method of constructing the drop construction 1 according to the present invention will be described.

First, for example, a cylindrical side wall 2 is formed to a predetermined depth in the ground by an underground continuous wall or the like, and the side wall 2 is used as a retaining wall to excavate the inner region of the side wall 2, and then the excavation region. The disc-shaped bottom plate portion 7 is integrally formed with the side wall 2 by, for example, underwater casting on the bottom portion of the. In the above, the guide path 35 is configured. Here, guideway 35,
In the case of having an inclination, the upper surface of the bottom slab 7 is
It is formed so as to be inclined downward to the outflow pipe 5 side.

After the side wall 2 and the bottom plate portion 7 have been constructed in this way, the inside of the side wall 2 is dried up and then the slab 340 is formed.
Assembling a formwork for construction and arranging the reinforcing bars embedded in the slab 340. Next, the concrete that constitutes the slab 340 is poured and cured, and the slab 340
Are provided integrally with the inner peripheral portion of the side wall 2. Here, in the slab 340, a central opening for disposing the inner wall 6 and an opening 34a are formed.

Then, similarly to the construction of the slab 340, the slabs 330, 320 and 310 are sequentially constructed so as to be vertically spaced at a predetermined interval, and the inner wall 6 which vertically penetrates the center of each slab 340 to 310 is constructed. To do. Above, each guide way 31-34 is constituted. At this point, the upper wall 36 also extends from the guide path 35 to the openings 34a to 34a.
Provided so as to reach the opening 31a through 32a,
Thereby, the reversing wall portions 32b to 34b are configured. In addition, the inner wall 6 has a secondary effect that it can be used, for example, as a material input port from the ground to the bottom of the drop work 1 in the construction stage of the drop work 1.

After the slabs 310 to 340, the inner wall 6, and the wall upper part 36 are constructed in this manner, the lid 11 and the access hole 13 are constructed above the slab 310, and then the upper region of the lid 11 is filled. Return it and construct the earth covering part 12. In addition, this earth covering part 12 has a considerable depth (for example,
A depth equal to or greater than the distance between the guide paths 31 to 34, or
Since the depth is more than twice the interval), it is possible to preferably prevent the noise generated in the drop construction 1 from reaching the ground.

According to the construction method of the drop work 1 according to the present invention as described above, the slabs 310 to 340 forming the multi-stage guide paths 31 to 34 are respectively constructed by concrete pouring. Accordingly, the guide paths 31 to 34 can be made large in scale. Therefore, it is possible to construct the drop work 1 that can cope with a large-scale flow rate as needed.

In the above embodiment, each guideway 3
Although the configurations of 1 to 34 and 35 have the inclination, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the guide paths 31 to 34 and 35 may not have the inclination and the bottom surface thereof may be a horizontal plane. In addition, each time the guideways 31 to 34 are stepped down, the guideways 3
Although the water guiding directions of 1 to 34 are reversed,
The present invention is not limited to this, and may have a configuration in which water is guided by turning in each of the guide paths 31 to 34 in a fixed direction.

[0054]

The drop construction according to the invention of claim 1 can cope with any large-scale drop. Further, it is possible to prevent noise from being generated. In addition, it is possible to cope with larger heads with the minimum equipment.

According to the head drop construction of the second aspect of the present invention, the head drop can be secured even in the guide passages of each step.
Moreover, there is no possibility that water will accumulate in the guide passages of each stage.

According to the head drop construction of the third aspect of the present invention, the fact that the direction of the inclination of the guideway of each step is sequentially reversed every step down the guideway means that "a multistep guideway is Every time you go down, the direction of the water guided by the guideway is reversed. ”
It is a structure that has contributed to this.

According to the head drop construction of the fourth aspect of the present invention, the momentum of water generated in the upper guide path is prevented from being taken over in the lower guide path, and the flow velocity of water is decelerated each time it descends. As a result, the flow velocity of water can always be kept low.

According to the head drop construction of the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the outer peripheral wall of each guide path is constituted by the cylindrical side wall, water is prevented from spilling from the outer peripheral side of each guide path. Can be surely guided.

According to the head drop construction of the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to have a structure capable of handling a larger flow rate with the same volume, and it is economical.

According to the head drop construction according to the seventh aspect of the present invention, water can be reliably guided so as not to spill water from the inner peripheral side of each guide passage.

According to the construction method of the head drop construction according to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the guide path can be made large in scale as required.
Therefore, it is possible to construct a drop work that can cope with a large-scale flow rate.

[0062]

[0063]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a head drop working according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a schematic configuration of a guideway at each stage.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 drop construction 2 side walls 6 inner wall 31 guide way 32 guide way 33 guideway 34 Guideway 31a opening 32a opening 33a opening 34a opening 32b Inversion wall 33b Inversion wall 34b Inversion wall

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Claims (8)

(57) [Claims] 1. In a drop construction for flowing water from a high place to a low place, a guide path is provided for guiding the water to swirl and then downwardly flowing through an opening formed on the downstream side. , Is provided with a large number of steps at a predetermined interval vertically, and after guiding the water to swirl in the upper guideway,
It is configured so that water can be guided down from a high place to a low place by sequentially repeating the flow down into the guide path on the lower side by one step through the opening of the upper guide path. In order to prevent the increase in water flow, the guiding direction of the water by the guide path is sequentially reversed every time the guide path of the multi-step is lowered by one step. , The head drop is characterized by widening the space between it and the next step up. 2. The drop construction according to claim 1, wherein each of said multiple stages of guide paths is inclined downward from the upstream side toward the downstream side. 3. The drop construction according to claim 2, wherein the direction of the inclination is sequentially reversed every step down the multi-stage guide path. 4. The drop construction according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein water flowing down through the opening of the upper guideway is continuously provided on the upstream side of the lower guideway. A drop work which is provided with a reversing wall portion for preventing the turning in the direction and reversing the flow direction of the water. 5. The head drop construction according to claim 1, wherein a cylindrical side wall constitutes an outer peripheral wall of each of the multi-stage guide paths. . 6. The drop construction according to claim 5, wherein the side wall also has a function as an earth retaining wall of the drop construction. 7. The drop construction according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an inner peripheral wall of each of the multiple stages of guide paths is constituted by a cylindrical inner wall having a diameter smaller than that of the side wall. A drop machine characterized by. 8. A construction method of a head drop construction for constructing the head drop construction according to claim 1, wherein each of the multi-step guide paths is constructed by concrete pouring. The construction method of the head drop construction.