JP3392569B2 - Automatic sharpening equipment for long joints - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for automatically correcting irregularities in a seam welded portion of a long material such as a rail.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, the unevenness of a rail seam welded portion has been corrected by a skilled worker with a single-head flat grinder grindstone to correct (grind) the rail shape within a designated accuracy. Was. In addition, the shape of the rail, if you set a dedicated contact-type measuring instrument on the top of the rail top and operate it by hand to draw a chart on paper, if the operator judges it and it is not within the accuracy, I had to repeatedly correct it.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned conventional method, it is not possible to expect improvement in work efficiency, and it is pointed out that there is a shortage of skilled workers in the future, and there is a demand for automating and improving efficiency. It was However, this work has been rectified by the know-how of skilled workers, and automation is difficult.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an automatic rectifying device for a long material seam welded portion which can improve efficiency and stabilize quality by automating the rectifying work.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, there is provided an automatic straightening device for a long material seam welded portion according to the present invention.
Device body that is movable in the longitudinal direction of a long material, and the device body
It is mounted on the top surface of the long surface of the long head to create the uneven shape in the longitudinal direction.
A measuring device having a sensor for measuring and measuring with the measuring device
Based on the concavo-convex shape created,
Find the final shape to finish and use the final shape as a reference
The difference with the uneven shape of the
Of the relationship between the pressing force of the whetstone, the grinding speed, and the grinding amount.
From the data base, the pressing force of the grindstone and the grinding
Grinding conditions according to grinding speed and grinding amount and grinding allowance
Automatic grinding sequence of the number of times and the corrective order for each time
The controller to calculate and the length based on the command from the controller.
Mounted on the main body of the device to repeatedly correct the top surface of the shaku
And a rectification device that is
The specified curvature half which grinds the long material part by the specified amount
An arc with a diameter greater than or equal to the maximum value of the convex part designated as the arc.
A circle with a radius of curvature greater than or equal to the specified radius that touches the line with the height inside
Fingers that touch the arc and the straight line and the top surface of the long material that is not trimmed
A circle with a radius of curvature equal to or greater than the specified radius is calculated, and these calculated circles are calculated.
It is characterized in that a curve connecting an arc and a straight line is obtained as the final shape . Also, a device that can move the long material in the longitudinal direction.
The main body and the length of the long face of the long material mounted on the main body of the device.
Measuring device with a sensor that measures unevenness in the hand direction
Based on the uneven shape measured by the measuring device,
Find the final shape for finishing the long head length surface within
The difference from the original concavo-convex shape is calculated based on the final shape, and this difference
Grinding wheel pressing force and grinding speed
From the database of the relationship with the grinding amount,
Condition of grinding wheel pressing force, grinding speed and grinding amount
And the number of corrections according to the cutting allowance and the correction order for each one.
And a control device for automatically calculating the grinding sequence of
It is necessary to repeatedly correct the top surface of the long material based on the instruction from the
And a correction device mounted on the device body,
The controller is the largest long convex bee that you want to finish.
The straight line passing through the point and the convex bead points on the long material are not trimmed
An arc with a specified radius of curvature that touches the top surface of a long material
And the curve connecting these arcs and straight lines
The feature is that it is obtained as the final shape .

Further, it is preferable that the measuring device is provided with a hoisting mechanism so that measurement can be performed before and after the cutting without moving the device body.

[0007]

According to the above construction, the shape of the top surface of the long material can be obtained as two-dimensional information by the measuring device. In order to cut this within the specified accuracy, based on this shape, find the final shape with a curve that connects several arcs and straight lines,
To obtain the final shape, find the difference between the original shape and the final shape, find the number of cuts and the pressing pressure for cutting according to this difference, and repeat the cutting to obtain a long length within the specified accuracy. The top surface of the timber can be finished.

Here, within the specified accuracy, for example, in the case of a Shinkansen rail, generally, when a string 20 cm ahead from one point is drawn through all the curves of the trimming portion, the deviation of the final finished curve from the string Is ± 0.05mm at maximum (±
It is decided to be a step within 0.05 mm). Therefore, the radius r of the arc when connecting with the above arc is an arc having a radius of 100 m or more. Further, considering that grinding is performed with a grindstone, a little larger roughness is added to the final shape due to the surface roughness, so it is necessary to make the radius r of the arc slightly larger.

Further, in the 2m string, -0.2 to +0.3.
There is also a regulation within mm. For that purpose, it becomes necessary to lengthen the left and right as a whole. In other words, with a length of 2 m,
The final shape can be defined by defining a curve entering a step within 0.2 to +0.3 mm and entering ± 0.05 mm on a 20 cm chord or a finishing curve connected by a straight line.

These will be described using an example. That is,
The bottom end P of the rail irregularities with respect to the left and right end points P1 and P2 (not corrected) of the data measured as shown in FIG.
L (PLX, PLY), uppermost position PU (PUX, PU
Y) is first obtained (in the case where the center is concave, it is divided into left and right to obtain the uppermost point PU on the right side and the uppermost point PU ′ on the left side).

Next, the radius r is set so that the chord between two points on the rail is within the precision of the finish.
It is specified to be within a step of 0.05 mm, and considering this and the surface roughness of grinding of 20 to 50 μm, the radius r is set to a radius of 100 m or more).

As for the rail whose bottom end is recessed based on this radius r, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), in order to completely carve the bottom end of the unevenness of the rail, a specified amount Δf from the position PL of the bottom end thereof. A point that cuts a little deep (PLX, PLY
Find the arc of tangent to -Δf). Next, the convex side is in contact with this circular arc, and the convex side has a minimum in-convex Δu (the maximum value Ymax of the designated convex portion is the Shinkansen, the maximum of this irregularity is +
Since it is specified as 0,2 mm, the same as above from this Δ
An arc that is in contact with a straight line of Δu = + 0.2−Δf) which is slightly lowered by f is found. Touches the straight line,
Determining an arc of contact with the left and right rails above surface.

Here, when there is no rail upper surface in contact with the straight line of (that is, when Δu or less), the arc of
The circular arc of'on the rail side that is in contact with the straight line on the upper surface of the rule is obtained (example of the circular arc on the left side of FIG. 4B). In this way, both the left and right circular arcs are obtained based on the lowest point. These obtained arcs can be connected to obtain a shape for finishing the final rail (in this example, from the upper surface of the left rail, 'a straight line, a circular arc, a circular arc, a circular arc of,
The straight line, the circular arc, and the curved line connected to the upper surface of the right rail form the finished shape.

Here, when there is no depression as shown in FIG. 4 (c), the maximum rail convex bead point P to be finally finished is P.
A curve (arc-straight line-line connected by arcs) formed by a straight line passing through G (PUX, Δu) and left and right circular arcs that smoothly contact the upper surfaces of the left and right rails that are not trimmed is obtained. By thus obtaining the finishing curve according to the original shape, the correction range can be corrected with the shortest width.

As shown in FIG. 5, the difference from the original rail shape is obtained based on this correction curve, and the number of corrections and the number of corrections are left with the maximum cutting amount previously stored in the database and leaving the finishing allowance. Determine the order.

In accordance with the above-described cutting order, the cutting is repeated so as to leave a finishing allowance while controlling the pressing pressure to match the remaining cutting allowance. The pressing pressure is detected by a pressure sensor (load cell, force sensor, etc.).

Further, when the final finishing allowance is to be corrected, the final shape is corrected by a constant pressure at the time of finishing, and the final shape is finished so as to fit the theoretical correction curve (or the same locus as the final shape). Numerical control with, position and correct).

Further, in order to check and record whether the final shape has been corrected within accuracy, the measuring head is automatically set again from the retracted position on the rail upper surface with a cylinder or the like,
Measure the rail shape with a measuring device. At this time, if it has not been trimmed to within the precision, the above steps are repeated until it is within the precision. With the above-described configuration and control method, the present invention can provide accurate correction and a highly efficient correction device.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of the device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of the device during the correction work, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the same during the measurement work.

As shown, the correction device 1 and the measuring device 8
Is set on a carriage (apparatus main body) 19 on wheels of four wheels mounted on a rail 6 together with a control device 15 for controlling them.

The trolley 19 is fixed on the rail by a pair of front and rear outriggers 14, and the trolley drive device 7 is used to move between the rectification locations. Alternatively, the carriage 19 may be moved manually or pulled by another drive source.

In the grinding device 1, a grinder grindstone 2 is driven by a grinder motor 3, and can be moved along a rail 6 by a grinding device traveling motor 5 on a grinding device traveling rail 4. .

Further, the grinder grindstone 2 is a pressure motor 20.
The pressurizing mechanism 16 provided with is capable of pressurizing the front surface of the workpiece, and the pressing force is detected by the pressure sensor 21. That is, the shaft of the pressurizing mechanism 16 moves up and down with respect to the hollow shaft having the rotating shaft as the center, and the pressure sensor 2
1 is provided on a mount 16a provided above the pressure mechanism 16 and the grinder grindstone 2 via bearings so as not to rotate.

In the measuring device 8, the measuring sensor traveling motor 9 allows the measuring sensor 10 (electrical micrometer, air micrometer, laser displacement meter, etc.) to travel along the measuring sensor traveling rail 11 along the rail 6. In addition, a linear scale 12 is provided along the measurement sensor traveling rail 11.

Further, the measuring device 8 is also pressed against the rail 6 by the pressing cylinder 17 via the supporting roller 13, so that the parallelism of the measuring sensor traveling rail 11 with respect to the rail 6 is maintained and the measurement is performed. The sensor 10 is positioned. Further, the measuring device 8 as a whole can be swung upward by the swiveling cylinder 18 above the carriage 19 and retracted.

With this configuration, the correction procedure of the present apparatus is as follows: (1) advance measurement, (2) correction procedure plan, (3) correction, (4) intermediate confirmation measurement, (5) The correction correction procedure calculation, (6) correction, and (7) final confirmation measurement are performed in this order. At this time, the items (4) to (6) can be omitted if the correction is successful once.

First, the pre-measurement of item (1) will be described. The rectification device 1 is brought to the retracted position at the end of the rectification device travel rail 4 so as not to interfere with the measuring device 8. After confirming this, the measuring device 8 is attached to the swing cylinder 18
To set it right above the rail 6. Further, the support cylinder 13 is pressed by the pressing cylinder 17 until it is installed on the rail 6.

For the measurement, the measurement sensor traveling motor 9 causes the measurement sensor 10 to travel from the left end to the right end by the measurement sensor traveling rail 11 via the fixture coming out of the measurement sensor traveling rail 11. At this time, the left and right position information is obtained from the linear scale 12, and the rail shape is data-recorded as two-dimensional information by the measurement sensor 10 that measures the unevenness of the rail 6.

Next, in the item (2), according to the rail shape, the controller 15 calculates the correction procedure by obtaining the difference between the final shape having the minimum correction and the original rail shape. This is calculated based on a database registered in the control device 15 in advance. That is, the pressing pressure F at the time of rough cutting
relation of the maximum rail depth of cut d (depth) with respect to r and the grinding speed fr, final finishing amount df and pressing pressure F at that time
It is obtained from the relationship between f and the grinding speed ff.

First, a shape in which the final finishing amount df is left (parallel to the final shape is moved upward by the finishing allowance) is determined. The difference between this and the original rail shape is obtained, and the curve of the same shape as the final shape is shifted upward with the maximum depth of cut once, and the number of times of rough cutting until the cut is eliminated is obtained.
At this time, with respect to the original rail shape, the left and right end point positions where there is no left and right cutting, that is, the cutting start point and the end point and the remaining cutting allowance (in rough cutting, there are parts that remain diagonally to the original shape. Therefore, the proper pressing force and the cutting speed are determined for each shifted shape according to the appropriate conditions selected according to the remaining amount so as not to cut too much. As a result, the roughing correction start / end points are sequentially added with the correction condition data (pressing amount and cutting speed) to create the cutting procedure together with the data for the final finishing cutting.

Based on these pieces of information, correction is performed in item (3).
When performing the correction, the measuring device 8 is moved to the retracted position by the pressing cylinder 17 and the turning cylinder 18.

The rectification device 1 moves left and right along the rail 6, and the position information at this time can be obtained by an encoder (or resolver, linear scale, etc.) attached to the rectification device travel motor 5, The traveling speed of grinding is detected by a tacho-generator attached to the correction device traveling motor 5.

The correction is performed by the controller 1 according to the above-mentioned correction procedure.
It is corrected by 5. That is, after two rotations of the grinder grindstone, the correction device 1 is first brought to the correction start point to start the correction. Corrects from the start point to the end point so that the traveling speed and the pressing pressure are the specified values.

The pressing pressure is measured by the pressure sensor 21, and if it is higher than the specified pressure, the grinder grindstone 2 is raised by the pressurizing mechanism 16, and if it is lower, the grinder grindstone 2 is lowered so that the controller 15 can operate. Controlled. The traveling speed is controlled by the control device 15 so as to become the designated speed. This is sequentially trimmed in the order of trimming up to before the finishing allowance, and finally the finishing process is performed.

In the finishing, the final shape is finished while controlling the cutting at the designated pressing amount or the designated height position and the designated speed.

Next, in (4), the rail shape is checked and it is measured whether it is within the specified accuracy. If yes,
It is recorded (printed if necessary) and the correction of the part is completed. If not, (4) ~ (6)
Repeat the correction with the item, and correct within the specified accuracy.

[0037]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to automatically perform the retouching work which has conventionally relied on manual labor, which improves efficiency, stabilizes quality, and lacks skilled workers in the future. It is also very effective in industry.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a rail trimming device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a correction work of the rail correction device.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing the measurement work of the rail trimming device.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a method for obtaining an optimum finished shape from the shape of the rail top surface.

FIG. 5 is a diagram similarly showing a correction procedure and its correction shape for each cut amount.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Correction device 2 grinder grindstone 3 Grinder motor 4 Scraping device traveling rail 5 Correcting device traveling motor 6 rails 7 truck drive 8 measuring devices 9 Measurement sensor traveling motor 10 Measurement sensor 11 Measurement sensor traveling rail 12 Linear scale 13 Support roller 14 Outrigger 15 Control device 16 Pressurizing mechanism 17 Pressing cylinder 18 swivel cylinder 19 dolly 20 Pressure motor 21 Pressure sensor

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yoshitaro Tsuji 1-1-1, Wadasaki-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Kobe Shipyard (72) Inventor Kageyama Nakahiro Nakamura, Nagoya, Aichi Prefecture Ward station 1-4-1 Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Mifumi Tamon 1-4-1 Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Aichi Prefecture Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takatoshi Tanaka Aichi Tokai Passenger Railway Co., Ltd., 1-4-1, Meieki, Nakamura-ku, Nagoya-shi, Japan (56) References Japanese Patent Publication Sho 58-34604 (JP, B2) Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-3483 (JP, B2) (58) Survey Areas (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B24B 9/04 E01B 31/12-31/17

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A device body capable of moving a long material in a longitudinal direction.
And mounted on the main body of the device,
Within the specified accuracy, based on a measuring device that has a sensor that measures the uneven shape and the uneven shape measured by the measuring device .
To find the final shape for finishing the long head length surface,
Find the difference from the original uneven shape based on the final shape, and respond to this difference.
The grinding wheel pressing force, grinding speed, and grinding
Abrasives that match the machining allowance from a database of relations with the machining amount
Grinding conditions such as stone pressing force, grinding speed, grinding amount, and grinding
Grinding according to the number of times of rectification and the order of rectification each time
A controller that automatically calculates the sequence and repeats the long material top surface based on commands from the controller.
With the rectification device mounted on the device body to rectify
The control device is provided with a recessed long material portion in a specified amount.
An arc with a specified radius of curvature to be ground, and the arc and finger
A finger touching a straight line with a height within the maximum value of the defined convex part
An arc with a radius of curvature equal to or greater than the specified radius and the straight line will not be trimmed
An arc with a specified radius of curvature that touches the top surface of a long material
And the curve connecting these arcs and straight lines
An automatic straightening device for long material seam welds, which is characterized as the final shape . 2. A device body capable of moving a long material in a longitudinal direction.
And mounted on the main body of the device,
Within the specified accuracy, based on a measuring device that has a sensor that measures the uneven shape and the uneven shape measured by the measuring device .
To find the final shape for finishing the long head length surface,
Find the difference from the original uneven shape based on the final shape, and respond to this difference.
The grinding wheel pressing force, grinding speed, and grinding
Abrasives that match the machining allowance from a database of relations with the machining amount
Grinding conditions such as stone pressing force, grinding speed, grinding amount, and grinding
Grinding according to the number of times of rectification and the order of rectification each time
A controller that automatically calculates the sequence and repeats the long material top surface based on commands from the controller.
With the rectification device mounted on the device body to rectify
The control device is equipped with
Do not correct the straight line passing through the bead point and both sides of the long material convex bead point.
A circle with a specified radius of curvature or more that touches the top surface of a long timber
Find the arc and the curve that connects these arcs and straight lines
Automatic correction device for long material seam welds, which is characterized as the final shape . Wherein the measuring device according to claim 1 or 2 automatic expurgation device long material seam welds according comprising a drive-up mechanism.