JP3390799B2 - Garbage disposal method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for treating food waste generated from homes, restaurants, etc. by heating and drying, and more particularly to a method for controlling the amount of air blown into a processing tank.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method of treating food waste of this type, the food waste is dried by blowing air into the kettle and exhausting air while deodorizing the food while heating it in the kettle to reduce the amount of residue after treatment. Various types have been disclosed in which the weight is reduced and the handling of raw garbage is facilitated during storage or transportation (see, for example, JP-A-5-237407). Further, in any of these treatment methods, the amount of air blown or the time of air blow is not considered at all, and a certain amount of air is generally blown from the start of the treatment.

[0003]

By the way, if the deodorization of the exhaust gas, which is unavoidably generated during the above-mentioned drying process operation, is insufficient, it is fatal for this kind of product, so a sufficient margin is provided in advance. Often deodorizing means are used. However, since the deodorizing means is generally of a catalytic type which is relatively expensive and has a large weight and volume, there is a strong demand for downsizing of the usable deodorizing means.

The present inventors have found the following facts as a result of continuing research in view of such problems. That is, in the conventional method for blowing a certain amount of air as described above, FIG.
As indicated by the one-dot chain line in (a), immediately after the start of air blowing, the temperature of the sent air is low and the temperature rise of the garbage is slow and the vaporization does not proceed. However, when it reaches the evaporation temperature, the vaporization proceeds all at once. As a result of the large amount of steam being sent all at once to the deodorizing means, the deodorizing means is temporarily overloaded,
Deodorization becomes insufficient in the period shown by the shaded area in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG.
When the amount of air blown at the start of air blowing is reduced from the steady value, and the steady value is reached when the steam generation has settled down, the peak value of steam generation is reduced as shown by the solid line in FIG. 6A. While suppressing, the time required for the amount of water generated to fall to the treatment completion value can be shortened.

The present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and in addition to downsizing the deodorizing means, it is possible to reduce the time required for the drying treatment of raw garbage. The purpose is to provide a method.

[0006]

The method for treating raw garbage according to the present invention performs ventilation and exhaust treatment while heating the raw garbage 14 placed in the treatment tank 23 shown in FIG. 1 while heating it. The exhaust gas 20 is deodorized.

Here, as shown in FIG. 6B, the amount of air blown into the processing tank 23 is reduced at least at the start of air blow, below a preset steady value. . The amount of air blown into the processing tank 23 described above is
As shown in FIG. 7B, it can be configured to be increased stepwise or steplessly, and after reaching a steady value after a lapse of a predetermined time, maintain the steady value.

It is also possible to change the amount of air blown into the processing tank 23 so that the amount of water in the exhaust gas 20 is maintained substantially constant. The humidity may be detected and the air flow rate may be automatically controlled in accordance with the detected value.

[0009]

With the above configuration, the garbage 14 is placed in the processing tank 23.
After charging, the air supply unit 18 is driven while heating.
At this time, since the initial amount of air blown from the air blower 18 into the processing tank 23 is a value that is lower than the steady value, the amount of cold outside air introduced is small and the temperature rise of the object to be processed rises rapidly. Although it is actively vaporized, the amount of steam generated is small, so the amount of exhaust depends on the steam pressure, and the amount of steam that expands by itself becomes exhaust gas due to the small amount of steam expansion. The peak value is also limited to an amount sufficiently suppressed as compared with the case of the steady-state air volume, and the deodorizing unit 21 performs effective deodorization without being overloaded.

When the peak of steam generation in the early stage of air blowing passes as described above, the amount of air blown from the air blower unit 18 reaches a steady value, so that the amount of water vapor generated is forcibly exhausted by the air blow, and the amount is increased. Is maintained high enough.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention, when the amount of air blown to the garbage 14 at the start of air blowing is reduced below the steady value and the drying process is performed, the peak value of the amount of water generated from the garbage 14 is reached. It is possible to reduce the size of the deodorizing means that can be used by suppressing the above, and to shorten the processing time required for drying.

[0012]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in more detail on the basis of an example in which a stirrer is provided in a treatment tank and a domestic garbage treatment device for household use of a catalyst for deodorization is used, but the present invention is not limited to this. Large-scale operations (hotels and restaurants)
, A device without a stirrer, or a means other than a catalyst for deodorization, such as a general deodorization means such as physical deodorization such as ozone decomposition deodorization or activated carbon adsorption, biological deodorization such as microbial decomposition, etc. Needless to say, the same can be applied to various types of garbage processing devices.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the garbage processing apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a hinge 12 at the upper edge of a rectangular cylindrical main body case 11 having an opening 10 at the top thereof, and the hinge 12 is provided. The opening 10 of the main body case 11 through 12
Is closed by a sealing lid 13 so as to be openable and closable.

Further, a main body case 11 closed by a lid 13
Inside the container, a raw garbage processing unit 15 that stores the raw garbage 14 and performs a predetermined drying operation, and an air feeding unit 18 that sends air 17 to the raw dust processing unit 15 through an air feeding path 16. ,
A deodorizing unit 21 that removes odors from the exhaust gas 20 discharged from the garbage processing unit 15 through the exhaust passage 19 and a control unit 22 that sends a control signal to each of the above-mentioned units to control the operation thereof.

The garbage processing unit 15 includes a processing tank 23 for storing the garbage 14, an agitator 24 for stirring the garbage 14 in the processing tank 23, and a sheath heater for heating the inside of the processing tank 23. 3 and a heating heater 25 such as a surface heater. As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the lid 13 can be taken out from the inside of the main body case 11 when the lid 13 is opened.

The processing tank 23 includes a heat insulating tank 26 and an outer pot 27.
Is fixed to the main body case 11 side, and the inner pot 28 is housed in the outer pot 27 so that the inner pot 28 can be freely inserted and taken out. It is designed so that it can be taken out and discarded. Further, the heater 25 is disposed between the heat insulation tank 26 and the outer pot 27, and heats the air in the space 29 formed between the inner pot 28 and the outer pot 27 to indirectly heat the inside of the inner pot 28. By doing so, the inside of the inner pot 28 is uniformly heated to prevent burning as much as possible.

The stirrer 24 is provided with a stirring blade 31 rotatably through the bottom wall 30 of the inner pot 28 while the main body case 1 is used.
1 includes a rotating shaft 33 in a motor 32 for driving a stirring blade.
Is penetrated through and fixed to the bottom walls of the heat insulating tank 26 and the outer pot 27. Further, by connecting the tip of the rotating shaft 33 and the lower end of the stirring blade 31 to each other by the clutch means 34, the rotational driving force of the motor 32 can be set only when the inner pot 28 is normally set in the outer pot 27. Is transmitted to the stirring blade 31 so that it can rotate.

The deodorizing section 21 is a catalyst converter in which a catalyst 35 in which a carrier such as ceramic is loaded with a noble metal catalyst is filled in a cylindrical body 36, and a rod-shaped heater 37 penetrates through the center of the catalyst 35. 38 is used as a deodorizing means. The catalytic converter 38 is arranged close to the hinge 12 in the lid 13, and the inflow port 39 is provided on the lower surface of the lid 13 for the exhaust port 4.
0 and the exhaust path 19 are connected to each other, and the outflow port 41 is extended and the tip thereof is opened to the outside through a discharge port 52 provided on the side surface of the lid body 13.

The air supply unit 18 is provided inside the main body case 11 to generate a necessary amount of air 17 for the air supply pump 4.
2 and a blower fan 43 that is provided inside the lid 13 and blows the air 17 sent from the air feed pump 42 onto the garbage 14 in the inner pot 28.

As shown in FIG. 4, the air-sending pump 42 has a structure similar to that of a conventional electromagnetic type driven by a commercial AC power source 44, and by applying a half-wave voltage, a full-wave About half the flow rate of air 17 at that time can be sent toward the air supply passage 16.

The air supply passage 16 includes a first air supply passage 45 extending from the air supply pump 42 to the upper edge of the main body case 11, and the lid 13.
Inside, it is preheated from the position corresponding to the tip of the first air supply passage 45 through the periphery of the catalytic converter 38, and the lid 13
And a second air supply passage 47 reaching a blowout nozzle 46 provided in the center of the lower surface of the air supply passage. Both air supply passages 45 and 47 are connected to each other when the lid 13 is closed, and the air 17 sent from the air supply pump 42 is supplied. It can be discharged from the blowing nozzle 46. Here, the blow-out nozzle 46 is blown out by slightly narrowing the lower end of the blow-out nozzle 46 so that the flow velocity can be sufficiently reached to the vicinity of the bottom wall 30 even when the inner pot 28 is deep, and by projecting toward the inner pot 28. The air 17 is prevented from being discharged as it is without being used for drying.

The blower fan 43 has a wing drive motor 48.
On both sides of the rotary shaft 49 of the first and second wings 50 and 51
Which is provided with a first wing body 50 and blows out the nozzle 4
The air 17 sent through the air supply passage 16 in preparation for the inside of 6
Is induced to blow air from above the inner pot 28 toward the central portion of the garbage 14. On the other hand, the second wing body 51 is arranged in the space close to the upper wall of the lid body 13, and the blower fan 4
After cooling the motor 48 itself and the lid 13 of No. 3 and opening the vicinity of the exhaust port 52 in the space at the same time, a flow of air is created along the exhaust port 52, and after deodorizing from the outflow port 41 of the catalytic converter 38. The exhaust gas 20a is guided to be promptly discharged to the outside.

The control unit 22 automatically controls the operation timing of each of the above-mentioned units in conjunction with the ON operation of the main switch 53. For the deodorizing section 21, the rod-shaped heater 37 is energized according to the ON timing of the main switch 53 as shown in FIG. 5B, and the catalyst temperature is set to about 500 ° C. as shown in FIG. 5C. It can be maintained.

As for the heater 25 of the garbage processing unit 15, the temperature of the rod-shaped heater 37 is sufficiently raised to exert the deodorizing effect and then the electricity is supplied to the heater 25, as shown in FIG. 5 (d). In addition to heating the garbage 14 at 120 ° C.
When the temperature sensor 54 detects that the temperature of the inner pot 28 has risen above the set value due to a decrease in water content of the garbage 14 as shown in (e), the inner pot 28 is reduced by reducing the power supply.
By lowering the internal temperature to 100 ° C. and further heating it for a set time, the remaining water is completely evaporated without burning the garbage 14.

The operation timing of the agitating blade driving motor 32 is slightly delayed at the start and end of the energization of the heater 25. The energization of the heating heater 25 before the stirring is performed to soften the previous object to be treated which is hardened and remains in the inner pot 28 by heating to facilitate stirring, and is performed even after the energization of the heating heater 25 is stopped. The agitation referred to is to promote cooling of the object to be treated.

On the other hand, the operation time of the air supply section 18 is the agitator 2
The start is made slightly later than the start of the driving of No. 4, while it is stopped in conjunction with the OFF operation of the main switch 53. Here, the operation start timing of the air supply unit 18 is delayed from that at the start of stirring because the internal pressure of the inner pot 28 is momentarily increased immediately after the start of stirring and a large amount of steam is generated. Then, the catalytic converter 38 may be overloaded.

The present invention has the above-mentioned structure, and is characterized in that the amount of air blown to the inner pot 28 by the air blower 18 is further controlled as follows. That is, during the time T set by the timer 55 from the start of energization of the air supply pump 42, the thyristor 56 is turned off and the commercial AC power supply 44 is half-wave rectified by the diode 57 to halve the amount of air blown from the air supply pump 42. After maintaining at, turn on the thyristor 56,
The inner pot 2 with a constant air flow rate in the air feed pump 42
It blows to 8.

Next, the operation of the apparatus based on the above configuration will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. First, after opening the lid 13 and putting the garbage 14 into the inner pot 28, at the time t1, the main switch 53 is turned on, and at the same time, the rod-shaped heater 37 is energized and the deodorizing unit 21 becomes deodorizable. . Next, at time t2, the heater 25
Starts heating the inside of the inner pot 28 at a set temperature of 120 ° C. to soften the remaining residue at the previous time and also raise the temperature of the garbage 14 to rapidly generate the exhaust gas 20. The internal pressure of 28 rises and is discharged by natural exhaust.

When the stirring blade 31 starts stirring at time t3 when it is considered that the solid matter is softened by the initial heating, immediately after the stirring, the raw garbage near the bottom of the inner pot 28 is pressed by the raw garbage above. The amount of water released and discharged rises once, and after being discharged by the internal pressure, the amount decreases. However, since the internal pressure is insufficient and natural exhaust is insufficient, the air supply unit 18 is driven at time t4 to start the air supply to the inner pot 28.

On the other hand, immediately after the start of the air supply, the air is forcedly exhausted to the deodorizing section 21 to introduce fresh outside air, and the inner pot 2
When the humidity of No. 8 is lowered, the amount of water generated rises, and the amount of water at the peak value further increases or decreases according to the magnitude of the supplied air amount. Therefore, the air flow rate is reduced to half as much as the steady value by the time T until the time t5, thereby lowering the peak value of the water content generated as shown by the solid line in FIG. By increasing the temperature to a steady value and positively introducing the outside air, the humidity in the inner pot 28 is lowered, the amount of water generation which has been decreasing is increased again, the water generation efficiency is increased, and rapid drying is performed.

While water remains in the raw garbage 14, the temperature of the raw garbage 14 is around 100 ° C. However, when the raw garbage 14 is depleted of water due to the progress of such drying, the internal temperature of the inner pot 28 is set. When it is detected that the temperature has risen beyond the value and has reached the predetermined temperature at time t6, the electric power supplied to the heater 25 is reduced to prevent sticking of the object to be processed and additional drying is performed until time t7. After that, the energization is stopped and the inner pot 28 is cooled.

Thereafter, the agitator 24 stops at time t8 and the entire apparatus stops at time t9, and the processing operation ends. Therefore, the user opens the lid 13, removes the inner pot 28 from the inside of the main body case 11, and disposes the raw garbage 14a after the drying process.

[0033]

Other Embodiments In the above embodiment, the inner pot 2
Although the air supply unit 18 for sending the air 17 into the inside 8 is composed of the diaphragm type air supply pump 42 and the blower fan 43, only the blower fan 43 is used, or another air supply means such as a turbo fan or a piston pump is used. It is also possible to use.

Also, the air supply method can be changed stepwise in three or more steps instead of the two-step method as described above, or can be changed linearly as shown in FIG. 7B. .
By smoothing the change in air supply in this way,
The generation of pulsed water vapor disappeared,
Water is removed from the garbage at an averaged ratio as shown in (a).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a humidity sensor 58 is provided upstream of the deodorizing section 21 as shown in FIG. The amount of air blown from the air blower 18 may be automatically controlled so that the detection value obtained by is maintained substantially constant.

Further, the operation timings or set values of the respective parts shown in FIG. 5 are merely examples, and it goes without saying that they can be appropriately changed and implemented according to the configuration or scale of the apparatus to be implemented. Further, in the case of linearly increasing the air flow rate as shown in FIG. 7, the air flow rate at the start of air flow may be limited to the minimum, and the drive of the air supply unit 18 may be started at the same time as the drive of the stirring blade 31 is started. . Further, the detection value of the humidity sensor 58 can be used to control the stepwise change timing of the air flow rate or the drive start and end timing.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a situation in which the present invention is applied to a garbage processing device.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a specific configuration of the garbage processing device, showing a state in which the lid is closed.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state where the lid body of FIG. 2 is opened and an inner pot is taken out.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a control state of an air feeding unit.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a control state of the entire apparatus by a control unit.

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the relationship with the amount of generated water when the amount of air supplied is changed in two stages.

FIG. 7 is a graph illustrating the relationship with the amount of generated water when the amount of air supplied is changed steplessly.

[Explanation of symbols]

13 Lid 14 Raw garbage 15 Garbage disposal department 16 Airway 17 air 18 Air supply unit 19 Exhaust path 20 exhaust gas 21 Deodorizing part 22 Control unit 23 Processing tank 24 stirrer 25 heater 28 Inner pot 31 stirring blade 32 Stirrer blade drive motor 35 catalyst 37 Rod heater 38 Catalytic converter 40 exhaust port 42 Air pump 43 Blower fan 46 blow nozzle 48 Feather drive motor 50 First wing 51 Second Feather 52 outlet 54 Temperature sensor 55 timer 58 Humidity sensor

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI F26B 9/06 B09B 5/00 ZABP (56) References JP-A-6-91248 (JP, A) JP-A-5-221765 ( JP, A) JP-A-6-300443 (JP, A) JP-A-4-256478 (JP, A) JP-A-2-102184 (JP, A) JP-A-4-48985 (JP, A) Flat 3-140790 (JP, A) Actual flat 5-32989 (JP, U) Actual flat 51-58466 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F26B 9 / 06 F26B 21/00 B01D 53/86 B09B 3/00 B09B 5/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. The raw garbage (14) introduced into the treatment tank (23) is subjected to air blowing and exhaust treatment while being heated, and the exhaust gas (20) is subjected to deodorizing treatment. a processing method, the air blowing amount to the processing bath (23) in a step from the start of blowing
Increased stepwise or steplessly, and becomes steady after a predetermined time
A method for treating food waste, which is characterized by maintaining the steady value after reaching the value . 2. Raw garbage thrown into the processing tank (23)
Blower and exhaust treatment are performed while heating (14)
In addition, deodorizing the exhaust gas (20)
A method of treating raw garbage, wherein the amount of air blown into the treatment tank (23) is set to the exhaust gas (20).
Change the amount of water inside so that it does not exceed the set value.
A characteristic garbage disposal method. 3. The method of treating food waste according to claim 2.
I, detecting the humidity of the exhaust gas (20) in the pre-deodorization
However, the method of treating food waste is characterized by automatically controlling the air flow rate according to the detected value .