JP3390258B2 - Agricultural harvester - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable to, for example, sweet potato, potato,
The present invention relates to an agricultural product harvester in which root vegetables such as konjac potato are harvested from a field and manually selected and stored in a container, or directly stored in a container.

[0002]

[Background Art] Conventionally, a root crop such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, konjac potatoes, and ginseng root has been harvested from the field, sorted, and housed as a agricultural product harvester, which is used as a self-propelled machine and vegetated in the field. The harvesting conveyor that harvests and transports the existing agricultural products, the sorting conveyor that sorts the harvested products transported by the harvesting conveyor, and the container loading that stores and loads the harvested products sorted by the sorting conveyor in a container It has been proposed to provide a table and a step, which is provided in the vicinity of a sorting conveyor, on which an operator for carrying out aircraft operation and sorting work rides.

[0003]

Since the step on which the worker of the conventional agricultural product harvester rides is provided close to the sorting conveyor, soil or the like falling from the sorting conveyor adheres to the operator. There was an occasion. Moreover, when trying to dry the harvested root vegetables on the ground, the conventional configuration was unsuitable. The present invention is intended to solve the above problems.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides (1) a self-propelled aircraft by digging agricultural produce in a field from a front lower portion of the fuselage to a rear portion of the fuselage through a central upper portion of the fuselage. Provided with a digging conveyor device for carrying, and behind the digging conveyor device, a step / container mounting table on which a worker for carrying out machine control and sorting work is placed or a container is placed , A cover made of an elastic plate whose lower end is free is disposed between this step / container mounting table and the end of the excavation conveyor device,

(2) A guard having convex portions on both sides is provided on the back surface of the cover so as to be vertically rotatable, fixed, and detachable. (3) The cover and the guard are removed. In this state, the container is placed on the step / container placing table, respectively.

[0006]

With the above construction, the agricultural product harvester of the present invention is
It has the following effects. ． The self-propelled aircraft is equipped with a digging conveyor device that digs and conveys agricultural products in the field from the front of the fuselage to the rear of the aircraft through the center of the fuselage. Also, a step / container placing table on which a worker for carrying out the sorting work or placing a container is provided, and the lower end is in a free state between this step / container placing table and the end of the digging conveyor device. By disposing the cover made of the elastic plate material described above, soil or the like falling from the excavation conveyor device does not adhere to the worker. In addition, the soil is unlikely to adhere to the cover, and the adhered soil can be easily removed.

[0007]. By installing a guard on the back of the cover that has convex parts on both sides in the vicinity of the cover so that it can be vertically rotated, fixed, and detachable, the cover is supported on the chute by the guard and the land-drying work of root vegetables is performed. Can be done. ． By mounting the container on the step / container mounting table with the cover and guard removed, the root vegetables discharged from the end of the digging conveyor device can be directly stored in the container.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 5, reference numeral 1 denotes a potato harvester, and the potato harvester 1 has a left-right pair on a body 2 (a monocoque frame shown in FIG. 6) to enable spin (supertrust) turning. Equipped with crawler 3,3. An engine 4 is mounted on a slightly front side of the machine body 2, and a hydraulic device driven by the engine 4 is provided near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position near the rear of the machine body 2. Further, the agricultural product in the field is excavated from the lower front part of the machine body 2 between the crawlers 3 and 3 to the rear part of the machine body, and is conveyed backward, and the excavation conveyor device is inclined so that the leading end side descends. 6 is provided. Engine 4
A first operation unit 7 and a second operation unit 7a are provided on both sides of the rear machine body 2.

The excavation conveyor device 6 is supported by a pair of left and right side frames (frames) 8, is provided with a excavation blade 9 at the tip thereof, and is made of an endless link rod so as to be continuous with the excavation blade 9. A series of slanted conveyance units 10 having slats at predetermined intervals and a selection conveyance unit 11 that conveys them so as to slightly descend toward the end are provided. Further, the excavation conveyor device 6 is vertically rotatable about a rotation shaft (rotation fulcrum) (not shown) at the rear end thereof, and an expansion / contraction operation of a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) provided between the machine body 2 and the side frame 8 is performed. It is possible to adjust up and down. Behind this digging conveyor device 6, the first operation unit 7 and the second operation unit 7a are operated to perform the aircraft operation and drive unit operation, and the sorting and conveying unit 11 performs the sorting operation. An operator step / container mounting table 12 for mounting an operator or mounting a container is provided. The step / container mounting table 12 is supported by a support arm 12a, and by rotating the base of the support arm 12a, it can be displaced between a substantially horizontal use position and a storage position folded toward the machine body. There is. Alternatively, only the step / container mounting table 12 may be rotated between the use position and the storage position.

The transmission 5 that receives power from the engine 4 to change gears is equipped with a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing gears. It is possible to change the speed of the crawler 3 and 3 by continuously connecting and disconnecting the power transmission via the side clutch and the differential device to make the crawlers 3 and 3 change speed continuously and steplessly, and also possible to make a spin turn (super-field turn). I have to. Further, the transmission power is transmitted from the transmission 5 to the excavation conveyor device 6, and the moving speed of the conveyor can be adjusted continuously and steplessly. By combining with stepped traveling, the mining work speed can be set freely.

Left and right side frames 8, 8 of the digging conveyor device 6
A ridge-following device 14 is provided on the bracket 13 protruding forward from the ridge-following device along with the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the ridge to be harvested. The ridge-following device 14 includes a pair of wheels 15 and 15 that roll on both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested.
Are provided opposite to each other, and both wheels 15 can be vertically adjusted with respect to the excavation conveyor device 6 by an up / down adjusting mechanism 16.
Moreover, it is supported by the slide mechanisms 17, 17 so that the left and right movements can be adjusted. Further, the pair of wheels 15 and 15 have a camber angle and rotate in contact with both inclined shoulders of the ridge to be harvested so that the machine body can be steered and moved following the ridge to be harvested. .

A pair of left and right container mounting bases 18 are provided on both sides of the machine body 2 behind the operating devices 7 and 7a. The container mounting table 18 has a supporting arm 19 and a holder 20 on which one container is mounted, respectively, and the supporting arm 19 is rotatable relative to the machine body 2 in the left-right direction via an air cylinder 21. Supported, holder 2
0 can be folded toward the machine body 2 side with respect to the support arm 19 and can project outward from the machine body 2, and the holder 20 itself can be rotated in the front-rear direction to place the container in the horizontal posture and the vertical posture. Has become. And the container mounting table 18
Can be moved between a use position in which the container is placed while protruding outward from the machine body 2 and a storage position in which the container is folded to the machine body 2 side, and when it is in the use position, it is desired to be stored in the container. The weight of the air cylinder 21 causes the air cylinder 21 to automatically tilt, and when the weight is small, the container approaches the sorting / transporting unit 11, and gradually moves away from the sorting / transporting unit 11 as the weight increases.
I try to reduce scratches on things.

The outer surface (side plate) of each of the first operating portion 7 and the second operating portion 7a has a mounting surface to be attached to a body side plate, which is fitted and locked in a handle hole of an empty container. The container locking hook 22 that is provided and a contact member 23 that is made of an elastic body (for example, a rubber plate or a synthetic resin plate) are provided below the hook 22. Then, the handle hole of the container is fitted and locked to the empty container locking hook 22, and the lower end portion of the container is contacted with the contact member 23 so that the spare container is locked in a long state in the left-right direction. I have to. In addition, one empty spare container can be placed in the vertical position in this locked empty container to prepare two spare containers in total.

Nothing is provided below the sorting / transporting unit 11 so that soil, foreign substances, etc. can be directly dropped from the sorting / transporting unit 11 to the field, and behind the sorting / transporting unit 11 above the step 12. A pair of left and right grips 24, 24 are provided on the rear side of the sorting / conveying unit 11 between the grips 24, 24. The rear cover 25 prevents the body of the operator from falling toward the sorting / conveying unit 11 side. Is provided. When a worker is caught by the sorting and conveying unit 11 on one side of the rear cover 25, the inclined conveying unit 10 and the sorting and conveying unit 1
A transport unit stop switch 26 that stops the driving of the first transport unit 1 is provided. A cover 27 made of an elastic plate material having a lower end free is disposed below the end of the sorting / transporting unit 11 at the transporting end. On the back surface of the cover 27, the convex portions 2 are formed near both sides.
A guard 27a having 7b is provided so as to be vertically rotatable, fixed, and detachable. The container can be placed on the step / container placing table 12 with the cover 27 and the guard 27a removed.
A protector 28 shown in FIG. 4 may be provided above the rear cover 25.

On the side of the machine body 2 on the side opposite to the engine 4, vines, foliage, large soil blocks, stones and the like other than potatoes are removed from the harvested products conveyed by the inclined conveyance section 10, and the digging blade 9 is used. An intermediate sorter seat 29 is provided on which an operator who mainly performs a pretreatment work such as separating the stalk and the connected stems from the harvested products that are dug up, and are collectively connected and conveyed. At the front and rear of the seat 29 for the intermediate sorter and at the front side position of the engine 4, spare container mounting bases for mounting spare containers are provided (not shown). The intermediate sorter seat 29, the spare container mounting table, and the like may be detachable.

Next, the operation of the potatoes harvesting machine 1 of the embodiment constructed as described above will be explained. Potato harvester 1
For example, when root crops such as sweet potato, potato, konjac potato, and ginseng are harvested from the field, the wheels 15 and 15 of the ridge-following device 14 are transferred to the sloped shoulders of the ridge to be harvested, and the digging is performed. The excavation blade 9 of the take-up conveyor device 6 is vertically moved by a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the excavation depth, and the harvested product is excavated by the excavation blade 9 by the forward movement of the machine body. Lift it diagonally upward while transporting. During this transportation, soil falls from between the link rods, and from the harvested products transported on the inclined transport unit 10 by the operator sitting on the intermediate sorter seat 29, vines, foliage, large soil blocks, stones, etc. other than potatoes. Is removed, and the pre-treatment work such as mainly separating the stalk and the connected stems from the harvested products which are connected and conveyed in a collective manner is carried to the sorting and conveying section 11.

The potatoes in the harvested products moving on the sorting / transporting unit 11 are manually selected by the worker who is on the step / container mounting table 12 to be the containers mounted on the container mounting tables 18, 18. Accommodate. Since the container mounting table 18 is provided with the air cylinder 21, the container is placed in the sorting and conveying section 11 at the beginning when the weight of the container is small.
As the weight increases, it gradually separates from the sorting / conveying unit 11 and stores the damage to the sack with less damage. When the potatoes in the container are full, the harvesting work is temporarily stopped, the spare container held by the container locking hook 22 is replaced, and the harvesting work is restarted. A worker who rides on the worker step 12 at the time of such a sorting work is provided with a pair of left and right grip portions 24, 24 and a rear cover 25, so that the operator can safely operate and sort, and When a hand is caught, the conveyance section stop switch 26 stops driving the inclined conveyance section 10 and the sorting conveyance section 11. Further, the cover 27 prevents the worker from being exposed to dirt or the like falling from the sorting and conveying unit 11.

In the cover 27 and the guard 27a,
The soil or the like that drops from the sorting and conveying unit 11 is unlikely to adhere, and the adhered soil can be easily and easily removed by tapping from the outside. In addition, the guard 27a is fixed so that the convex portion 27b is on the outside, and the cover 27 is supported on the guard 27a to drop root vegetables discharged from the end of the sorting and conveying unit 11 while dropping them on the field scene. Land dry harvesting work can be performed. Further, with the cover 27 and the guard 27a removed, the container can be placed on the step / container placing table 12 and the root vegetables discharged from the end of the sorting and conveying unit 11 can be directly contained in the container.

Here, the potato harvester 1 comprises a crawler 3,
Between the lower part of the machine body, the upper part of the machine body through the upper part of the machine body to the rear part of the machine body, the digging conveyor device 6 is provided, and the worker step 12 is provided behind the digging conveyor device 6, so that one operator can It is possible to control the machine body by the control devices 7 and 7a and perform the sorting work in the sorting and transporting section 11, so that the harvester can be miniaturized to the minimum. Further, since the digging conveyor device 6 is capable of continuously and stepwisely changing its speed and is movable up and down with respect to the machine body 2, the digging conveyor device 6 has an appropriate moving speed and digging according to field conditions and crop conditions. By selecting the harvesting depth, highly accurate and efficient harvesting work can be performed.

Further, control devices 7, 7a are provided on both sides of the body 2.
On the left and right sides of the machine,
Since the step and container placement table 12 is provided below the rear part of the machine, one operator can operate the machine, sort the harvested products, and store the harvested containers in a container. Can perform multi-functional work. Furthermore, the crawlers 3 and 3 are continuously and steplessly changed in speed and travel, and the spin turn (super-texture turn) is enabled, so that the machine body 2 spins stably on a headland or the like. You can move to the next harvest ridge with one turn,
Moreover, it is possible to turn in a balanced manner in either the left or right direction. Therefore, the crawlers 3 and 3 do not greatly scrape the soil in the field.

Further, in front of the digging conveyor device 6, there is provided a ridge tracking device 14 which follows the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the ridge to be harvested, and a pair of ridges to be rolled on the inclined both shoulders of the ridge to be harvested. Since the wheels 15 are provided so as to face each other so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable with respect to the digging conveyor device 6, both wheels 15 accurately follow the ridges to be harvested to automatically steer the machine body. , Digging conveyor device 6
Automatic digging and transportation is performed by. Therefore, the operator can devote most of the time to the sorting work, except for the machine steering operation at the ridge end of the ridge to be harvested. When the headland is swung at the end of the field, the excavation conveyor device 6 is rotated up and down about the rotation axis (rotation fulcrum) by the hydraulic cylinder to raise all the crawlers 3, 3.
It can be turned with a small turning radius along with the spin turn of.

[0022]

As described above, the agricultural product harvesting machine of the present invention has the following effects. ． The self-propelled aircraft is equipped with a digging conveyor device that digs and conveys agricultural products in the field from the front of the fuselage to the rear of the aircraft through the center of the fuselage. Also, a step / container placing table on which a worker for carrying out the sorting work or placing a container is provided, and the lower end is in a free state between this step / container placing table and the end of the digging conveyor device. Since a cover made of elastic plate material is arranged,
Soil falling from the digging conveyor device does not adhere to the worker. Further, the soil does not easily adhere to the cover, and even if the soil adheres, it can be easily removed by tapping the cover.

.. On the back side of the cover, the guards with convex portions on both sides are provided so that they can be pivoted vertically, fixed, and detachable. It is possible to perform land-drying harvesting work by supporting the cover on the base and dropping the root vegetables discharged from the end of the digging conveyor device into the field while buffering them. ． With the cover and guard removed, the container can be placed on the step and container placement table.
By mounting the container on the step / container mounting table, the root vegetables discharged from the end of the digging conveyor device can be directly stored in the container.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a left side view of the entire agricultural product harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a right side view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of the container mounting table in a stored state.

FIG. 4 is a rear view of the container placing table in a used state.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the entire agricultural product harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a monocoque frame (machine body).

[Explanation of symbols]

1 potato harvester 2 machine body (monocoque frame) 3 crawler 4 engine 5 transmission 6 excavation conveyor device 7 first operating section 7a second operating section 8 side frame (frame) 9 excavating blade 10 inclined transport section 11 sorting Transport unit 12 Step / container mounting base for worker 12a Support arm 13 Bracket 14 Ridge tracking device 15 Wheel 16 Vertical adjustment mechanism 17 Slide mechanism 18 Container mounting base 19 Support arm 20 Holder 21 Air cylinder 22 Container locking hook 23 Abutting member 24 Grip 25 Rear Cover 26 Transport Stop Switch 27 Cover 27a Guard 27b Convex 28 Protector 29 Seat for Intermediate Selector

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --Continued from the front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-168325 (JP, A) Actually open 5-37015 (JP, U) Actually open 54-54636 (JP, U) (58) Field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01D 13/00-33/14

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A self-propelled aircraft is provided with a digging conveyor device for digging and transporting agricultural products in a field from a lower part of the body to an upper part of the center of the body to a rear part of the body, and is located behind the digging conveyor device. Then, an operator for carrying out the aircraft operation and sorting work gets on, or a step / container mounting table for mounting the container is provided, and between this step / container mounting table and the end of the digging conveyor device, An agricultural product harvester, characterized in that a cover made of an elastic plate whose lower end is free is provided. 2. The agricultural product harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein a guard having convex portions on both sides is provided on the back surface of the cover so as to be vertically rotatable, fixed, and detachable. . 3. The agricultural product harvesting machine according to claim 1, wherein the container is placed on the step / container placing table with the cover and the guard removed.