JP3388145B2 - Separation and separation method for synthetic resin laminates - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention separates and separates a synthetic resin skin material and a synthetic resin cushion material which are joined to each other to form a synthetic resin material laminate. And a method for separating and separating a synthetic resin material laminate. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there has been a strong demand for the reuse of synthetic resin laminates, which are used as interior materials for automobiles and the like and are made by joining a synthetic resin skin material and a synthetic resin cushion material. However, in order to reuse it, first, it is necessary to separate and separate the synthetic resin material laminate into a skin material and a cushion material. [0003] However, at present, no efficient method for separating and separating a synthetic resin material laminate has been devised. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective method for separating a synthetic resin material laminate into a skin material and a cushion material, which can be efficiently separated and separated. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a synthetic resin skin material and a synthetic resin cushion material which are joined to each other to form a synthetic resin material laminate. A method of separating and separating a synthetic resin material laminate, separating and separating the synthetic resin material laminate into countless fragments, and sieving the group of fragments to a sieve member having a mesh smaller than one of the fragments. By rubbing with a rubbing member facing each other with a certain gap, the cushion material of each fragment is passed through the sieve member while being crushed. According to this feature, when a group of fragments of the synthetic resin material laminate is rubbed against the sieve member by the rubbing member, a constant gap is provided between the sieve member and the rubbing member. Without crushing, relatively fragile cushioning material can be crushed and peeled from the skin material, and by simultaneously passing the crushed cushioning material through a sieve member, the skin material and the cushioning material can be separated. it can. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings. In FIG. 1, a synthetic resin material laminate A as an interior material of an automobile which has been scrapped is made of, for example, PVC, ABS, P
A material obtained by bonding or fusing a skin material a made of P (polypropylene) or the like and a cushion material b made of polyurethane foam, PP foam, PE (polyethylene) foam or the like. Prior to the operation, the laminate A is subjected to a crushing machine to obtain an infinite number of laminate A fragments of 3 to 6 mm square.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, these laminate A fragments are:
According to the present invention, it is applied to the separation / separation apparatus 1 to be separated into the skin material a fragments and the cushion material b powder and to be separated. The separation and separation apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, in FIGS. 3 and 4, a machine base 2 of the separation / separation apparatus 1 includes a cylindrical drum 3 having a horizontal axis and an electric motor 4 having a rotor shaft 4a parallel to the axis. Is attached. The drum 3 has a cylinder 5 having a pair of inward flanges 5a and 5b at both left and right ends, an end plate 6 fixed to the right flange 5b and closing the right end face of the cylinder 5, and a left flange 5a. And a door 7 connected to the cylinder 5 via a hinge 18 to open and close the left end surface of the cylinder 5. The drum 3 is fixed to the machine base 2, and the door 7 is
Is normally kept in a closed state by a clamp 19 provided at the end. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, an annular sieve unit 8 is mounted on the drum 3. This sieve unit 8
Is provided with an annular sieve member 9, a pair of left and right ring bodies 10a and 10b engaged with both ends of the sieve member 9, and a reinforcing ring 11 fitted around an outer periphery of a central portion of the sieve member 9 in the axial direction. The ring bodies 10a, 10b and the reinforcing ring 11 are integrally connected by a number of bolts 13 via a number of distance collars 12 arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the sieve member 9. When the sieve unit 8 is mounted on the drum 3, the left and right ring bodies 1
0 a and 10 b are fitted to the inner circumference of the left and right flanges 5 a and 5 b of the cylinder 5. In order to prevent the rotation of the sieve unit 8, a positioning pin 14 protruding from the outer surface of the right ring body 10b is fitted into a positioning hole 15 provided in the inner surface of the end plate 6. . Thus, an annular separation chamber 17 is defined between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 5 of the drum 3 and the sieve member 9. As shown in FIG. 6, each mesh 9a of the sieve member 9
Are formed smaller than the above-mentioned laminate A fragments, and a part or the entire periphery of the mesh 9a is formed on an edge 9b protruding radially inward of the sieve member 9. Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 4, a rotating plate 20 adjacent to the inner surface of the end plate 6 is provided in the drum 3. A plurality (four in the illustrated example) of rubbing members 21 arranged at equal intervals are bolted to the periphery of the rotating plate 20. A rotating shaft 22 supporting the rotating plate 20 passes through the end plate 6 in a gas-tight manner and is supported by a bearing 23 on the machine base 2. The rotating shaft 22 is connected to a rotor shaft 4 a of the electric motor 4 by a belt transmission device 24. Are connected via. Therefore, the rotation plate 20 can be rotated by the operation of the electric motor 4. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, each rubbing member 21 has a constant gap 2 over its entire width with respect to the sieve member 9.
5, and the opposing surface 21 a is a surface parallel to a tangent to the peripheral surface of the sieve member 9, or a slope that is inclined upward in the rotation direction R of the rotating plate 20. 21a '. The rubbing member 21 is formed such that the front edge of the facing surface 21a in the rotation direction R is the edge 26. The door 7 is provided with a hopper 28 for charging the laminate A fragments into the drum 3, one or more water discharge nozzles 29 for discharging water into the drum 3, and a temperature sensor 30 for detecting the temperature inside the drum 3. The water discharge nozzle 29 is connected to a cooling water supply source 32 such as tap water through a water pipe 31. The water pipe 31 is provided with a valve 33.
When the temperature sensor 30 detects a temperature of 70 ° C. or more in the drum 3, the valve is opened according to the detection signal. Further, the door 7 is provided with a viewing window 27 closed by a transparent lid 27a. [0016] As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the circular cylinder 5 of the drum 3, the first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ which opens into each separation chamber 17 to the lower and upper, 35 ₂ are provided. The two outlets 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ are connected to the first cyclone 37 ₁ via the first outlet pipe 36 ₁ , and the first outlet pipe 3 1
The first electric blower 38 ₁ is provided in the middle of 6 _1. Meanwhile, in the lower part of the sieve unit 8, the second discharge port 35 _2, which is smaller than the third discharge port 35 ₃
Is provided so as to open inside the sieve member 9, and the third
The first exhaust pipe 36 ₂ connected to the outlet 35 ₃ is connected to the middle through the first side wall of the exhaust pipe 36 ₁ second cyclone 37 _2. The first discharge pipe 36 _{2 2} are provided second electric blower 38. First and second cyclones 37 ₁ , 37
_2, an exhaust port 41 having a filter 40 at the top, has an outlet 42 respectively at the bottom, first and second tank 43 _1, 43 ₂ are disposed respectively beneath these outlet 42. A third discharge port 35 ₃ is opened and closed by a shutter 45. The shutter 45 has a pivot 45 a rotatably supported by a bracket 46 provided on the drum 3. A lever 47 fixed to the pivot 45 a
The operating rod 48a of the air cylinder 48 provided below the drum 3 is connected. Therefore, the shutter 45 can be opened and closed by the operation of the air cylinder 48. Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. [0021] In use of the separation fractionation apparatus 1 of the present invention, first, in a state of closing the third discharge port 35 ₃ by the shutter 45 to rotate the rotating plate 13 by actuating the electric motor 4, at the same time the first electric to operate the blower 38 _1. Rotating plate 2
0, the rubbing member 21 fixed to the rotating plate 20 and the sieve member 9 fixed to the drum 3
5 and the operation of the first electric blower 38 ₁ allows the air flowing into the drum 3 from the hopper 28 to flow out of the first and second outlets 35 ₁ and 35 _2. At the first discharge pipe 36 ₁ and the first cyclone 37
_This produces an airflow that reaches _one . In this state, when a certain amount of the laminate A fragments is thrown into the drum 3 from the hopper 28, the laminate A fragments that have entered the gap 25 are rubbed by the rubbing member 21 into the sieve member 9.
The relatively brittle cushion material b can be crushed and peeled off from the skin material a without substantially crushing the skin material a of each of the laminate A fragments. In this case, a part or the entire periphery of the mesh 9a of the sieve member 9 is formed on the edge 9b protruding inward in the radial direction of the sieve member 9, so that the laminate of the edge 9b is formed. Due to the effect of scratching the A fragments, the cushion material b can be effectively crushed and peeled. If the facing surface 21a of the rubbing member 21 with respect to the sieve member 9 is formed as a slope 21a 'having an upward slope in the rotation direction R of the rotary plate 20 as described above, the rubbing member 21 can be used. Sieve member 9 of laminate A fragment group
The effect of rubbing the cushion material b can be enhanced, and the cushion material b can be effectively crushed and peeled. Further, the rubbing member 21 has an edge 26 formed at the front edge of the facing surface 21a in the rotation direction R. And the effect of crushing and separating the cushion material b can be enhanced. Furthermore, the rotation of the rubbing member 21 also generates a rotating airflow in the drum 3, and the airflow rubs the pieces of the laminate A against the sieve member 9 without substantially crushing the skin material a. The cushion material b can be crushed and separated from the skin material a. The powder of the cushion material b thus pulverized and peeled passes through the sieve member 9 and is received in the separation chamber 17, and then the first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ pass through the first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ .
The carried in the first cyclone 37 ₁ ride on the air current toward the first cyclone 37 ₁ through the discharge pipe 36 _1. Eventually, only the skin material a remains in the sieve unit 8. In the drum 3, the temperature rises due to the heat generated during the crushing and peeling of the cushion material b.
When the temperature exceeds 70 ° C., the temperature sensor 30 detects the temperature and sends a valve opening signal to the valve 33 of the water pipe 31 to open it, so that water from the cooling water supply source 32 is discharged from the water discharge nozzle 29. Through this process, an appropriate amount of water is discharged to the drum 3, and excessive evaporation of the water in the drum 3 is suppressed by the evaporation of the water, and the fusion of the laminate A fragments due to the excessive temperature increase can be avoided. Water vapor generated at this time is sent to the first cyclone 37 ₁ out of the cushion first and second outlet with material b powder 35 _1, 35 _2. In the first cyclone 37 ₁ , the first discharge pipe 3
Slowing the air and water vapor from the ₆₁ released from the exhaust port 41 with the filter 40 to the outside, the cushion member b powder is stored in the first tank 43 ₁ is dropped from the outlet 42. [0030] the first tank 43 ₁ if not cushion material b is falling, it is because it means that the cushion member b is separated from the skin material a, if it was confirmed that, operation of the first electric blower 38 ₁ Stop the air cylinder 48
By opening the shutter 45, i.e. the third to open the discharge port 35 _3, and to operate the second electric blower 38 _2. Then, the through the first exhaust pipe 36 ₂ From now drum within 3 2
An airflow toward cyclone 37 ₂ is generated, and sieve unit 8
Skin material a debris remaining within is transported by its air flow into the second cyclone 37 _2. In the second cyclone 37 _2, and decelerates the air from the first exhaust pipe 36 ₂ filter 4
Released from 0 with the exhaust port 41 to the outside, the skin material a debris is stored in ₂ second tank 43 is dropped from the outlet 42. [0031] Note that the quantity of skin material a debris collected in the second tank 43 _2, since a relatively large cushioning material b debris which could not have passed through the sieve member 9 can often coexist, second applying those collected in the tank 43 ₂ further known air classifiers are effective on increasing the separation precision between the skin material a and the cushion member b. FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the separation / separation apparatus 1, in which a pair of left and right ring bodies 10a,
10 b is rotatably supported by a number of guide rollers 51 provided on the end plate 6 of the drum 3 and the door 7. An outer periphery of the right ring body 10b is formed in a ring gear 52, and a reverse rotation electric motor 50 is attached to the end plate 6, and a drive gear 53 fixed to a rotor shaft 50a meshes with the ring gear 52. From the relationship sieve unit 8 rotates, the third discharge port 35 ₃ which opens therein, a shutter 45 for opening and closing it is provided in a lower portion of the door 7, to its third outlet 35 _3, the previous example the second discharge pipe 36 ₂ is connected in the same manner as. Since other configurations are the same as those of the previous embodiment, the same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same parts as in the previous embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. According to this embodiment, when the rotating plate 20 and the rubbing member 21 are rotated in the forward direction R by the electric motor 4, the sieve unit 8 is moved in the opposite direction by the electric motor 50 for reverse rotation.
By rotating in the direction, the relative rotation speed of the sieve unit 8 and the rubbing member 21 can be increased. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the gist. For example, the opposing surface 21a of the rubbing member 21 with respect to the sieve member 9 may be formed as a rough surface or an uneven surface to enhance the effect of rubbing the laminate A fragment group on the sieve member 9. In order to obtain relative rotation between the sieve unit 8 and the rubbing member 21, the rubbing member 2
1 may be fixed and the sieve member 9 may be rotated. As described above, according to the present invention, the synthetic resin material laminate is crushed into an infinite number of pieces, and the group of pieces is placed on a sieve member having a mesh smaller than one piece. By rubbing with a rubbing member facing each other with a certain gap, the cushion material of each fragment is passed through the sieve member while being crushed, so that the skin material of each fragment is hardly crushed, and the relatively brittle cushion material is used. Can be separated from the skin material by crushing, and by simultaneously passing the crushed cushion material through the sieve member, the skin material and the cushion material can be separated, and therefore, separation and separation can be performed simultaneously. It is efficient and can greatly contribute to cost reduction of waste material recycling.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a separation and separation process of a synthetic resin material laminate. FIG. 2 is an overall view of a separation and separation device for a synthetic resin material laminate and its attached equipment. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 3. FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of a sieve member. FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the separation / separation apparatus, corresponding to FIG. 3. [Description of References] A: Synthetic resin material laminate a: Skin material b: · Cushion material 9 ··· Screen member 9a · · · Mesh 21 · · · Rubbing member 25 · · · constant gap

Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Keigo Mura 1-10-1 Shinsayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. (56) References JP-A-7-276364 (JP, A) JP-A-10-278043 (JP, A) JP-A-8-252474 (JP, A) JP-A-3-180 (JP, A) JP-A-6-57435 (JP, U) JP-A-61-37246 (JP, U) ( 58) Surveyed field (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B29B 17/00-17/02 B02C 18/00-18/44 B02C 19/00-25/00

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims 1] A synthetic resin material laminate (A) which is joined to each other.
And separating and separating a synthetic resin skin material (a) and a synthetic resin cushion material (b) constituting the synthetic resin material laminate (A). And a rubbing member (21) facing the sieving member (9) having a mesh (9a) smaller than one of the shards and a predetermined gap (25) in the sieving member (9). A method of separating and separating a synthetic resin material laminate, characterized in that the crushed material (b) of each fragment is passed through the sieve member (9) while being crushed by rubbing.