JP3388147B2 - Synthetic resin material separation equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the recycling of a waste material of a synthetic resin laminate, which is used as an interior material for automobiles, and is formed by joining a synthetic resin skin material and a synthetic resin cushion material. The present invention relates to a device for separating a synthetic resin material laminate, which is used to separate a skin material and a cushion material, and in particular, a drum into which fragments of the synthetic resin material laminate are charged and a relative rotation in the drum. , An crushing means having first and second relative crushing members for crushing and separating the cushion material of each fragment by impact and friction applied to the fragment group.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A separator for such a synthetic resin material laminate is
For example, it is already known as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-164444.

[0003]

During the separation of the synthetic resin material laminate by such a separating device, the first and second crushing tools are caused by the impact and friction applied to the fragments of the synthetic resin material laminate. Due to the heat generated in the drum, the temperature inside the drum rises excessively, and the fragments of the synthetic resin material layer are fused and interfere with the relative movement of both crushing tools, leading to a further temperature rise, and the durability of the separator. May impair the sex.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to effectively suppress an excessive temperature rise in the drum and prevent fusion of fragments of the synthetic resin laminate. ,
An object of the present invention is to provide a separator for a synthetic resin material laminate having high durability.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention separates a synthetic resin skin material and a synthetic resin cushion material which are bonded to each other to form a synthetic resin material laminate. A synthetic resin material laminate separating device, wherein a drum to which a fragment group of the synthetic resin material laminate is put, and a relative movement in the drum, and an impact and a friction applied to the fragment group, to separate the fragments. In the one including the first and second crushing tools for crushing and separating the cushioning material, the drum is provided with a water discharging means for discharging water into the inside of the drum when the temperature of the inside becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value. The first thing is to connect the discharging means for discharging the generated steam to the outside.
It is a feature of.

According to this feature, when the temperature in the drum rises above a predetermined value, water is discharged into the drum by the water discharging means, and the water is evaporated and the steam is discharged to the outside by the discharging means. It is possible to effectively suppress an excessive temperature rise in the drum. Moreover, since water vapor is discharged to the outside, there is no concern about air pollution.

In addition to the above features, the present invention provides the water discharging means, a water discharging nozzle that opens into the drum, an automatic valve provided in a water pipe that connects the water discharging nozzle to a cooling water supply source, and the drum. A second feature is that the temperature sensor is configured to detect a temperature above the predetermined value inside and to issue a valve opening signal for opening the automatic valve.

According to this feature, when the temperature inside the drum rises above a predetermined value, water is automatically discharged into the drum, and it is possible to accurately prevent an excessive temperature rise inside the drum.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a synthetic resin material laminate A for an automobile interior material which has been scrapped is, for example, PVC, ABS or P.
A skin material a made of P (polypropylene) or the like and a cushion material b made of polyurethane foam, PP foam, PE (polyethylene) foam or the like are adhered or fused to each other. Before carrying out, the laminate A is crushed to obtain a large number of pieces of the laminate A of 3 to 6 mm square.
Then, as shown in FIG. 2, these laminate A debris are
According to the present invention, it is applied to the separating device 1 to separate the skin material a fragments and the cushion material b powder, and to separate them. The separating device 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7.

First, referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, the machine drum 2 of the separating apparatus 1 has a cylindrical drum 3 whose axis is horizontal.
And an electric motor 4 in which the rotor shaft 4a is parallel to the axis line.
(Driving means) is attached. The drum 3 includes a cylinder 5 having a pair of inward flanges 5a and 5b at both left and right ends,
An end plate 6 fixed to the right flange 5b to close the right end surface of the cylinder 5, and a door 7 connected to the left flange 5a via a hinge 18 to open and close the left end surface of the cylinder 5. To be done. The drum 3 is fixed to the machine base 2, and the door 7 is normally held in a closed state by a clamp 19 provided on the drum 3.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, an annular sieve unit 8 is mounted on the drum 3. This sieve unit 8
Is an annular sieve member 9 (first crushing tool) and this sieve member 9
A pair of left and right ring bodies 10a and 10b that engage with both ends of the
And a reinforcing ring 11 that fits around the outer periphery of the sieve member 9 in the axial direction.
Each of the ring bodies 10a and 10b and the reinforcing ring 11 are integrally coupled by a large number of bolts 13 via a large number of distance collars 12 arranged in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side of the sieve member 9. When the sieve unit 8 is mounted on the drum 3, the left and right ring bodies 10a, 10b are fitted to the inner circumferences of the left and right flanges 5a, 5b of the cylinder 5. Then, in order to prevent the rotation of the sieve unit 8, the right ring body 10b
The positioning pin 14 projecting from the outer surface of the
It is fitted into the positioning hole 15 provided on the inner surface of the. Thus, an annular separation chamber 17 is defined between the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 5 of the drum 3 and the screen member 9.

As shown in FIG. 6, each mesh 9a of the sieve member 9
Is formed smaller than the above-mentioned fragments of the laminate A, and a part or the whole circumference of the mesh 9a thereof is formed on an edge 9b protruding inward in the radial direction of the sieve member 9.

Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 4, in the drum 3, a rotary plate 20 adjacent to the inner surface of the end plate 6 is arranged concentrically with the drum 3. At the periphery of the rotary plate 20,
A plurality of (four in the illustrated example) rubbing members 2 arranged at equal intervals
1 (second crushing tool) is bolted. A rotary shaft 22 supporting the rotary plate 20 penetrates the end plate 6 in an airtight manner and is supported by a bearing 23 on the machine base 2. The rotary shaft 22 is attached to the rotor shaft 4a of the electric motor 4 by a belt transmission device 24. Are connected via. Therefore, the rotary plate 20 can be rotated by the operation of the electric motor 4.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, each of the rubbing members 21 has a constant gap 2 over the entire width of the sieve member 9.
5 and has a facing surface 21a facing each other, and the facing surface 21a is a surface parallel to the tangent to the peripheral surface of the sieve member 9 or a slope having an upward slope in the rotation direction R of the rotary plate 20. 21a '. The rubbing member 21 is formed so that the front edge of the facing surface 21a in the rotation direction R becomes the edge 26.

On the door 7, a hopper 28 for throwing the pieces of laminate A into the drum 3, one or a plurality of water discharge nozzles 29 opening in the drum 3, and a temperature sensor 30 for detecting the temperature in the drum 3. Are attached to the water discharge nozzle 29, and are connected to a cooling water supply source 32 such as tap water through a water pipe 31. The water pipe 31 is provided with an automatic valve 33. When the temperature sensor 30 detects a temperature in the drum 3 which is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the automatic valve 33 is opened by the detection signal. The temperature equal to or higher than the predetermined value is a temperature at which the fragments of the laminate A may be fused with each other, for example, 70 ° C. or higher in the case of the embodiment. Thus, the water discharge nozzle 2
9, the water pipe 31, the cooling water supply source 32 and the automatic valve 33 constitute the water discharge means W of the present invention which prevents an excessive temperature rise in the drum 3.

Further, the door 7 is provided with a peep window 27 closed by a transparent lid 27a.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the cylinder 5 of the drum 3 is provided with first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ opening to the separation chamber 17 at the lower and upper portions thereof, respectively. Both the discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ are connected to the first cyclone 37 ₁ via the first discharge pipe 36 ₁ , and the first discharge pipe 3 1
A first electric blower 38 ₁ is provided in the middle of 6 ₁ . Thus, the first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ , the first discharge pipe 3
6 ₁ , first electric blower 38 ₁ and first cyclone 37 ₁
Constitutes the discharging means E of the present invention for discharging at least the steam generated in the drum 3 to the outside.

On the other hand, in the lower part of the sieve unit 8, in the second discharge port 35 ₂ , the third discharge port 35 ₃ smaller than that.
Is provided so as to open inside the sieve member 9, and the third
The first discharge pipe 36 ₂ connected to the discharge port 35 ₃ penetrates the side wall of the first discharge pipe 36 ₁ in the middle thereof and is connected to the second cyclone 37 ₂ . A second electric blower 38 ₂ is provided on the first discharge pipe 36 ₂ .

First and second cyclones 37 ₁ and 37
₂ has an exhaust port 41 provided with a filter 40 at the upper part and an outlet port 42 at the lower part, and the first and second tanks 43 ₁ and 43 ₂ are installed directly below these outlet ports 42, respectively.

The third discharge port 35 ₃ is opened and closed by a shutter 45. The shutter 45 is provided with a pivot 45a rotatably supported by a bracket 46 provided on the drum 3, and a lever 47 fixed to the pivot 45a,
An operating rod 48a of an air cylinder 48 arranged below the drum 3 is connected. Therefore, the shutter 45 can be opened and closed by the operation of the air cylinder 48.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

In using the separating apparatus 1 of the present invention,
First, the third discharge port 35 is opened by the shutter 45.₃Closed
In this state, the electric motor 4 is operated to rotate the rotary plate 13,
At the same time, the first electric blower 38₁To operate. Of the rotating plate 20
According to the rotation, the rubbing member 2 fixed to the rotating plate 20
1 and the sieve member 9 fixed to the drum 3 with a constant gap 25.
It will rotate relative to the first electric blower.
38₁According to the operation of, the flow from the hopper 28 into the drum 3 is performed.
The entered air is the first and second exhaust ports 35.₁, 35 ₂Out of
First discharge pipe 36₁Meet at the first cyclone 37₁To
Creates an air stream that reaches. In this state, drive from the hopper 28
When a certain amount of Laminate A shards are put into the space 3,
25, the fragments of the laminate A that have entered
Rubbed on the sieving member 9, the skin material a of each laminate A fragment
Of the relatively brittle cushioning material b without crushing
It can be crushed and peeled from the skin material a.

In this case, a part or the entire circumference of the mesh 9a of the screen member 9 is formed on the edge 9b which is bulged inward in the radial direction of the screen member 9, so that the laminate of the edges 9b is formed. Due to the scratching effect on the A fragments, the cushion material b can be effectively crushed and separated.

If the facing surface 21a of the rubbing member 21 with respect to the sieve member 9 is formed as an inclined surface 21a 'having an upward slope in the rotation direction R of the rotary plate 20 as described above, the rubbing member 21 is used. Laminate A Fragment Group Sieve Member 9
The effect of rubbing against the cushion material b can be enhanced, and the cushion material b can be effectively crushed and peeled.

Further, since the rubbing member 21 has an edge 26 formed at the front edge of the facing surface 21a in the direction of rotation R, the edge 26 is formed during the rotation of the rubbing member 21. It is possible to increase the crushing and peeling effect of the cushioning material b by giving a shock to the.

Furthermore, the rotation of the rubbing member 21 also generates a rotating air flow in the drum 3, and the air fragments also rub the fragments of the laminate A against the sieve member 9 without almost crushing the skin material a. The cushion material b can be crushed and separated from the skin material a.

The cushion material b powder thus pulverized and separated passes through the sieve member 9 and is received in the separation chamber 17, and then the first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂
The carried in the first cyclone 37 ₁ ride on the air current toward the first cyclone 37 ₁ through the discharge pipe 36 _1. Finally, only the skin material a remains in the sieve unit 8.

By the way, in the drum 3, the temperature rises due to the heat generated by the crushing and peeling of the cushion material b.
When the temperature exceeds a predetermined value, for example 70 ° C., the temperature sensor 30 detects it and sends a valve opening signal to the automatic valve 33 of the water pipe 31 to open it, so that the cooling water supply source 32
A proper amount of water is discharged to the drum 3 through the water discharge nozzle 29, and the evaporation of the water suppresses an excessive temperature rise in the drum 3, and avoids the fusion of the pieces of the laminate A fragments due to the excessive temperature rise. be able to. The water vapor generated at this time goes out from the first and second discharge ports 35 ₁ and 35 ₂ together with the cushioning material b powder, and is sent to the first cyclone 37 ₁ . By discharging such water vapor to the outside, the drum 3
The cooling inside is further promoted. Moreover, the water vapor discharged to the outside does not cause air pollution.

In the first cyclone 37 ₁ , the first discharge pipe 3
The air and water vapor from 6 ₁ are decelerated and discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 41 with the filter 40, and the cushion material b powder is dropped from the discharge port 42 and stored in the first tank 43 ₁ .

If the cushioning material b does not fall into the first tank 43 ₁ , it means that the cushioning material b has separated from the skin material a. If this is confirmed, the operation of the first electric blower 38 ₁ is performed. Stop the air cylinder 48
Then, the shutter 45 is opened, that is, the third discharge port 35 ₃ is opened, and the second electric blower 38 ₂ is operated. Then, from the inside of the drum 3 through the first discharge pipe 36 ₂ to the second
An airflow toward the cyclone 37 ₂ is generated and the sieve unit 8
The skin material a fragments remaining inside are carried to the second cyclone 37 ₂ by the air flow. In the second cyclone 37 ₂ , the air from the first exhaust pipe 36 ₂ is decelerated and the filter 4
It is discharged from the exhaust port 41 with 0 to the outside, and the skin material a fragments are dropped from the discharge port 42 and stored in the second tank 43 ₂ .

Since a large amount of skin material a fragments collected in the second tank 43 ₂ often include a relatively large cushion material b fragment that could not pass through the sieve member 9, It is effective to increase the accuracy of sorting the skin material a and the cushion material b by applying the collected material in the tank 43 ₂ to a known wind separator.

FIG. 8 shows another embodiment of the separating apparatus 1, which is a pair of left and right ring bodies 10a, 10 of the sieve unit 8.
b is rotatably supported by a large number of guide rollers 51 provided on the end plate 6 of the drum 3 and the door 7. The outer periphery of the right ring body 10b is formed on the ring gear 52, and the end plate 6
The reverse rotation electric motor 50 is attached to the ring gear 52, and the drive gear 53 fixed to the rotor shaft 50a is attached to the ring gear 52.
Mesh with. Since other configurations are the same as those in the previous embodiment, in the figure, the portions corresponding to those in the above embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.

According to this embodiment, when the rotating plate 20 and the rubbing member 21 are rotated in the forward direction R by the electric motor 4, the reverse rotation electric motor 50 moves the sieve unit 8 in the reverse direction R.
By rotating in the direction, the relative rotation speed of the sieve unit 8 and the rubbing member 21 can be increased.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various design changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the facing surface 21a of the rubbing member 21 with respect to the sieve member 9 may be formed as a rough surface or an uneven surface to enhance the rubbing effect of the stack A fragment group on the sieve member 9.

[0036]

As described above, according to the first feature of the present invention, a drum into which fragments of a synthetic resin laminate are put,
In a separating apparatus for a synthetic resin material laminate, which comprises relative movement in the drum, and a first and a second crushing tool for crushing and separating the cushion material of each fragment by the impact and friction applied to the fragment group. When the internal temperature of the drum becomes a predetermined value or more, a water discharging means for discharging water inside the drum is provided, and a discharging means for discharging the steam generated by the water discharging is connected to the outside. When the temperature rises above a predetermined value, the water is discharged into the drum by the water discharge means and the steam is externally discharged by the discharge means, effectively suppressing an excessive temperature rise in the drum, and the fragments of the synthetic resin material laminate are effectively suppressed. It is possible to prevent the mutual fusion of the particles, to always reliably crush and separate the cushion material of the fragments, and to contribute to the improvement of the durability of the separation device. Moreover, since water vapor is discharged to the outside, there is no concern about air pollution.

According to a second feature of the present invention, the water discharge means is a water discharge nozzle that opens into the drum, an automatic valve provided in a water pipe that connects the water discharge nozzle to a cooling water supply source, and Since it is composed of a temperature sensor that detects a temperature in the drum above the predetermined value and issues a valve opening signal for opening the automatic valve, when the temperature in the drum rises above the predetermined value, The water is automatically discharged, and the excessive temperature rise in the drum can be accurately prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a separation and separation process of a synthetic resin material laminate.

FIG. 2 is an overall view of a synthetic resin laminate separating device and its accessories.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional side view of the separation device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG.

5 is an enlarged view of part 5 of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of a sieve member.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the tip of the rubbing member.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3, showing another embodiment of the separating device.

[Explanation of symbols]

A ... Synthetic resin material laminate H ... Ejection means W ... Water discharge means a ... Skin material b ... Cushion material 1 ... Separation device 3 ... Drum 9 ... First grinding tool (sieving member) 21 ... Second crushing tool (rubbing member) 29 ... Water discharge nozzle 30 ... Temperature sensor 31 ... water pipe 32 ... Cooling supply source

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B29B 17/00-17/02 B02C 18/00-18/44 B02C 19/00-25/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A synthetic resin material laminate (A) which is bonded to each other.
A synthetic resin material laminate separating device for separating a synthetic resin skin material (a) and a synthetic resin cushion material (b), which comprises the above-mentioned synthetic resin material laminate (A). The first and second crushing tools (for crushing and separating the cushion material of each fragment by the impact and friction applied to the fragment group by relative movement between the charged drum (3) and the drum (3). 9, 21), the drum (3) is provided with a water discharge means (W) for discharging water inside the drum (3) when the temperature inside the drum (3) reaches or exceeds a predetermined value, and steam generated by the water discharge is discharged. An ejector (E) for ejecting to the outside is connected to the separator for a synthetic resin material laminate. 2. The water discharge nozzle (29) according to claim 1, wherein said water discharge means (H) is opened in said drum (3), and said water discharge nozzle (29) is a cooling water supply source (32). ) And an automatic valve (33) provided in a water pipe (31) connected to the water pipe (31), and a valve opening signal for opening the automatic valve (33) is detected by detecting a temperature in the drum (3) which is equal to or higher than the predetermined value. A separator for a synthetic resin laminate, comprising a temperature sensor (30).