JP3383860B2 - Aromatic polyamide fibers with high processability, their production and use - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to aromatic polyamide fibers which exhibit high processability,
Regarding their manufacture and use.

Explanation of Prior Art Research Disclosure, July 1980, N
Disclosure 19520 of o. 195 discloses finishes that are effective in treating industrial fibers such as polyamide and aramid fibers, which finishes contain aliphatic saturated carboxylic acids and polyvalent or aliphatic carboxylic acids. It contains a lubricant containing an ester consisting of unbranched alcohol. These finishes also include emulsifiers or emulsification systems, antioxidants that increase the stability of the composition, polysiloxanes as lubricants that exhibit even greater thermal stability, and sulfonated natural oils as antistatic agents. May be included. In addition, these finishes are
t), and may further include an emulsifier and a lubricant.

However, finishes according to the above-cited references are in the sense of the present invention in the sense of surface friction properties, scourability, protection from abrasion-induced deposits, fibril formation, and antistatic properties of the resulting treated fibers. Is not suitable for the purpose.

A high strength and high modulus fiber for reinforcing elastomeric and plastic materials was proposed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Most commercial fibers have a high degree of inferiority, poor surface functional properties leading to fibril formation (which are mainly caused by excessive friction between filaments), and these fibers are used as reinforcements. It has a poor surface affinity for most traditional elastomeric, thermoplastic and thermoset matrices.

The presence of these drawbacks and deficiencies, which lead to a loss of physical properties such as strength and modulus, has led to a high demand for highly processable fibers that are easy to process by knitting or weaving operations and that do not result in mechanical deposition. Was pulled out.

According to the present invention, on the surface of the aramid fiber previously dried,
Reinforcement elements for rubber applications, either by applying a special combination of surface treatment agents using already known finishing processes or by applying the agents on undrawn and undried aramid fibers. As it is or as a yarn for textile constructions, new surface-treated fibers are obtained which exhibit excellent processing properties. The end use performance of the end products in which these fibers are used is consequently significantly improved.

Therefore, the present invention provides (a) (I) the general formula [In the formula, R ¹ represents C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl, R ² represents H when C = 1, C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl,
And R ² represents C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl when k = 0, h = 0 to 5, k = 0 or 1, j = 0 to 4, m = 0 to 16 Where the total number of carbon atoms is less than or equal to 25], and an alcohol component that is a monovalent branched primary or secondary saturated alcohol having: and (II) the general formula R ³ — (COOH) _s [Wherein, s = 1-6, R ³ represents C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkenyl, C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkadienyl, C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkatrienyl, phenyl, naphthyl, 2-phenylethyl. Represents a tenyl] or is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having the general formula HOOC- (CH = CH) _n- COOH [wherein n = 1 or 2]. , in which is constituted, + 5 ° C. or less, the dynamic of suitably 0 ℃ below freezing point, 350 mm ² / sec from 100 (20 ° C.) Degrees, and 30 to 140, preferably 30 to 70 wt% and has a 30 to 80 iodine value, an ester oil lubricant consisting of esters, (b) the general formula R ⁴ -X- (EO) _{p (PO)} in q -OH [wherein, R ⁴ is, C ₅ -C ₂₀ - alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl,
Or C ₈ - or C ₉ - alkyl phenyl, X is, -COO -, - NH- or -O- and represents, EO represents ethylene oxide units, PO represents propylene oxide units, p = 2 to 15 and q = 0 to 10], and 20 to 50% by weight of an emulsifying system comprising ethoxylated unsaturated fatty acid and / or ethoxylated unsaturated fatty alcohol and / or ethoxylated alkylamines, (c) C ₄ -C ₁₂ - alkyl sulfonic acids, C ₄ -C ₁₂ - alkyl phosphate or C ₄ -C ₂₀ - antistatic agent consisting of alkali salts of alkyl carboxylic acids from 5 to 15 wt%, (d) corrosion A coating comprising a lubricant, an emulsifying system, an antistatic agent and other ingredients derived from a surface treatment agent containing 0.2 to 2% by weight of an inhibitor and (e) an optional additive. Having on this fiber an amount of from 0.05 to 2.0% by weight of this fiber, preferably from 0.2 to 1.0% by weight, high modulus, improved surface friction properties, improved washability, low wear Highly processable aramid fibers with polymer deposition, low fibril formation, and improved long-term antistatic properties.

The coating is preferably 50 to 60% by weight,
Most preferably 55 to 60% by weight of ester oil (a),
25 to 40 wt%, most preferably 29 to 35 wt% emulsifying system (b), 5 to 10 wt%, most preferably 5 to 7
% Of antistatic agent (c), 0.3 to 1% by weight, most preferably 0.3 to 0.5% by weight of corrosion inhibitor (d), and optional additives (e) if desired.

The aramid fiber of the present invention has a specific breaking strength of 2.65 to 33.5.
cN / dtex (3 to 38g / den) with a specific modulus of 8.83
From 2207cN / dtex (10 to 2500g / den) and 1100dtex
Dynamic friction coefficient of metal and fiber for aramid yarn is 200m /
Min 0.55, preferably 0.50 or less, the metal-fiber boundary friction coefficient for 1100 dtex aramid yarn is less than 0.10 at 0.016 cm / sec, preferably 0.05 or less, the amount of deposition due to wear is 0.5 per kg of yarn. less than mg and the residual finish level after cleaning is less than 15% by weight of the initial finish level,
It is further characterized by

The fibers of the present invention have an improved combination of properties in the sense of smoke generation as measured by weight loss, detergency of the fibers and cohesiveness of the fibers compared to fibers with other finishes. provide.

Within the scope of the present invention, "fiber" means continuous filaments as well as single yarns or cords, staple fibers, fiber tows (for example obtained by the crimping method), yarn or flat woven skeins, staple crimped fibers, pulp,
Alternatively, it means a woven, twisted, knitted, braided, spiraled or wrapped woven fabric for industrial use obtained from aramid having a fiber type structure.

Aramides are polymers in which aromatic rings are partly, predominantly or exclusively, linked and which are linked by carbamide bridges or optionally additionally through other bridge structures. It is a kind. Structure the aromatic polyamides have the general formula having a repeating unit in _{(-CO-NH-A 1 -NH} -CO-A 2 -CO-) n [ Formula, A ₁ and A ₂ are the same Or differently and represents an optionally substituted aromatic and / or polyaromatic and / or heteroaromatic ring]. Typically A ₁ and A ₂ are independently of each other 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene, 1,2-phenylene, 4,4′-biphenylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 1, Five
-Naphthylene, 1,4-naphthylene, phenoxyphenyl-4,4'-diylene, phenoxyphenyl-3,4'-diylene, 2,5-pyridylene and 2,6-quinolylene, which are halogen, C ₁ -C ₄ - alkyl, phenyl, carboalkoxy, C ₁ -C ₄ - alkoxy, acyloxy, nitro, or dialkylamino, thioalkyl, substituted with carboxyl and 1 may consist sulfonyl or more substituents certain May not be replaced. The -CONH- group may be replaced by a carbonyl-hydrazide (-CONHNH-) group, an azo or an azoxy group.

Fibers derived entirely from aromatic polyamides are preferred. Examples of aramids are poly-m-phenylene-isophthalamide and poly-p-phenylene-terephthalamide.

Particularly suitable are poly-m-phenylene-isophthalamide fibers according to US 3,287,324, and US 3,869,429.
And poly-p-phenylene-terephthalamide fibers according to DE 22 19 703.

Additives can be used with the aramid and, in fact, other polymeric materials can be blended with the aramid in amounts up to 10% by weight, or instead of the aramid diamine. It has been found that copolymers having up to 10% by weight of other diamines, or up to 10% by weight of other diacid chlorides in place of the aramid diacid chloride, can also be used.

Additionally suitable aromatic polyamides structure _{(-NH-Ar 1 -X-Ar} 2 -NH-CO- Ar 1 -X-Ar 2 -CO-) n [ the following formula, X is, O , S, SO ₂ , NR, N ₂ , CR ₂ , CO, R is H, C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl, and Ar ₁ and Ar ₂ are the same or different and are 1,2-phenylene. , 1,3-phenylene and 1,4-phenylene, wherein at least one hydrogen atom may be substituted with halogen and / or C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl] is there.

The finish formulation of the present invention comprises a lubricant, an emulsifying system,
It contains antistatic agents and corrosion inhibitors, and, if desired, water and / or other additives.

This lubricant is an ester oil having the characteristics as described above. Alcohol compound of this ester (I)
Examples of 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol,
3-methyl-3--1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol,
2-pentanol, 3-heptanol, 2-octanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 3,5-dimethyl-
It may be 1-hexanol, 5-nonanol, 2-6-dimethyl-4-heptanol, iso-hexadecyl alcohol or iso-tridecyl alcohol. Examples of the carboxylic acid component (II) include lauroleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, ricinoleic acid, beef tallow acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, cinnamic acid. , Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, benzoic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid,
It may be trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid.

The kinematic viscosity of this ester oil is preferably 200 to 300.
The range is mm ² / sec (20 ° C).

The emulsification system of the present invention is as defined above. Examples of unsaturated fatty acids are lauroleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid or ricinoleic acid, preferably oleic acid (having 3-15 mol of ethylene oxide). Examples of unsaturated fatty alcohols are elaidyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassil alcohol, preferably oleyl alcohol and / or tallow alcohol (with 3-10 mol EO). Further examples are C ₈ -or C ₉ -alkylphenol ethoxylates, preferably octylphenol- or nonylphenol ethoxylates (5-5 moles EO).

The antistatic compounds include alkylsulfonic acids (eg lauryl or oleylsulfonic acids), alkylphosphoric acids (mono / diester mixtures) such as C ₄ -C ₁₂ -alkylphosphoric acids and fatty acids, eg alkaline salts of oleic acid,
The sodium salt is preferred. Sodium chloride content is
Must be below 0.1%. It is also possible to use alkyl sulphates, however they are not preferred as they readily hydrolyze and lose their antistatic effect.

Effective corrosion inhibitors are diethanolamine salts of C ₄ -C ₁₂ -alkyl phosphate-esters (mono / di) or amine salts of fatty acids or benzoic acid.

The formulation may optionally contain water for stabilization reasons, even before dilution with water in order to obtain a concentration at which it is applied to the fibers.

Additives can optionally be incorporated into the formulation if specific properties or process conditions such as adhesion, specific cross-linking, UV protection, antioxidant, color or flow control are required. These additives may further include fungicides, fungicides and biocides.

Formulations for treating aramid fibers can be made by mixing all ingredients at elevated temperatures, preferably at temperatures of 30 ° C to 40 ° C, to obtain a uniform, clear oil. Thus, for example, isobutyl oleate
550g, 200g nonylphenol ethoxylate (8EO)
350 g of an emulsifying system consisting of 150 g of oleic acid ethoxylate (10 EO) and 70 g of sodium decyl sulfonate.
g, and 5 g of the diethanolamine salt of benzoic acid can be prepared. If necessary, about 25 g of water is added to the mixture for the purpose of clearing it. This water addition may also be necessary to obtain a clear oil that exhibits stability. If necessary, use diethanolamine or acetic acid to adjust this pH value within the range of 6 to 8,
It may be adjusted to 7, preferably.

The finish formulation of the present invention has a viscosity of 150 to 500 mm ² / sec,
It is preferably 150 to 300 mm ² / sec (20 ℃) and 2 at 200 ℃
Weight loss after time is less than 25%, preferably less than 15% and the surface tension of a 1% emulsion at 20 ° C is 35 mN / m.
Less, preferably less than 32 mN / m.

The present invention further relates to a method for producing a highly processable aromatic polyamide fiber having a surface treatment agent coated on its surface.

The coating of the aramid fiber with the surface treatment agent of the present invention can be performed according to various methods, more specifically, for example, the following methods (a) and (b).

According to method (a), applying the surface treatment onto undried, unstretched aramid fibers, and according to method (b),
The surface-treating agent is applied onto the aramid fibers which have been dried in advance, and in each case, any known coating device is used. The finish formulations are used as such or in the form of dilute aqueous solutions at low concentrations such as 1% by weight.

In a preferred route for method (a), the finish formulation is applied over wet aramid fibers at a concentration of about 30% by weight in water (this means 30 parts by weight of finish formulation + 70).
It means part by weight of water). The emulsion-treated fibers are then subjected to a fiber speed of about 630 m / min (operational range 120-1200 m / min) during the fiber drawing and drying stage at 150 to 190 ° C., preferably about 170 ° C. Dry for a few seconds (5-10 seconds) at a temperature of ° C.

In a preferred route of method (b), threads and cords of aramid fibers are applied to them by passing them through a dip of the finish formulation which is contained in a dipping device, and then untwisted at 1670 dtex. The thread was decided in advance
80-190 ° C, preferably 110-130 ° C, using 6N tension
Dry in a chamber that is heated to air. The most preferred temperature for this stage is about 120 ° C. Depending on the dip concentration for the finish formulation (which may be 1 to 100% by weight in water), this speed is 15 to 100 m
Adjust to / minute. A 100% finish formulation means that this finish is pure.

Finishing agent levels for both (a) and (b) methods range from 0.05 to 2% by weight, preferably from 0.2 to 1.0% by weight.

If desired, it is also possible to carry out the processes (a) and (b) as a multistep process, in which the fiber may be dipped in the surface-treatment agent several times and then dried. . For example, the fibers may be dried after applying the treatment onto wet, non-dried fibers,
And after that, with or without intermediate drying,
The surface treatment agent may be applied once or several times.

The fibers of the present invention are useful in cables, including hoses, belts, ropes, and optical cables, rubber products and composite structures (eg, sports equipment, medical supplies, architectural and acoustic materials, transportation and protection for civil and military applications. Device) and the like.

Description of the Preferred Embodiments Example 1 In this example, for a 1100 dtex yarn, aramid fibers coated with the finish of this invention were commercialized with a commercial aramid having the same dtex coated with a standard finish. Compared with yarn.

The aramid fiber of the present invention has friction, especially dynamic friction F / M (2
00 m / min), deposition measured in mg / kg of yarn, and fibril formation, indicating superiority to the commercially available control aramid fibers (comparative).

Regarding antistatic evaluation, generally good performance is -6k.
Starting at V, the measured value for the inventive fiber of -2.5 kV is, as a result, excellent in a static sense.

Washability is a very important factor because the level of residual finish (%) after the wash step is
Measurement) affects all of the following finishing operations. The wash values listed in the table below were obtained on an industrial scale using fabrics made from the yarns of the present invention, which are commercial products having the same denier treated with standard finishes. Is compared to the control yarn. 50 ° C
These values were confirmed in the laboratory by washing the yarn twice with 100 mL of water for every 10 g of yarn using 10 ml of soft water.

The friction coefficient was measured according to the following method. The yarn of the package was passed through a tensioning device located between a guide roll and two strain gauges and then onto a take-up roll driven by a variable motor. These two strain gauges record the input and output tensions of T ₁ and T ₂ , respectively. This coefficient of friction is calculated according to the formula T ₁ / T ₂ = exp (α, f), where α is the friction angle and f
Is the coefficient of friction (fiber to fiber, fiber to metal, or fiber to ceramic, depending on whether polished chrome or ceramic pins are used). Rothschild friction meter R-11 according to standard operation known in the art
82 was used.

“Staff-Tester G 555” (Zwei)
gle, West Germany), where the weight of the worn fibrous material caused by fiber-to-fiber friction was measured.

The fibril formation index was measured using a "G 566" device (Zweigle, West Germany).

Example 2 In this example, a fabric woven with the yarn of the present invention and a comparative fabric woven from a commercial yarn using a standard finish were tested for ballistic performance.

These fabrics were made with 111 dtex (1000 denier) threads.

Usually, in the field of fibers with high tenacity, the operation of weaving ballistic fabrics results in a loss of strength, which usually involves removing the yarn from this fabric and measuring its tenacity according to standard procedures known in the art. Is quantified by The table below shows that the products of the present invention provide a significant advantage since the strength loss in heavy woven constructions (typically 12 ends per cm) is reduced by half. This is because (7 against 14%)
%). This ballistic performance (V ₅₀ : see test run) is also improved by 8% at the greige fabric level and by 5-8% at the finish level (meaning after final fabric treatment).

Also for lightweight fabrics (typically 8 ends per cm), this ballistic performance is increased by 4.5% at the Grage fabric level.

Ballistic test V according to NATO standardized agreement STANAG 2920
A ballistic test method for measuring ₅₀ was performed.

The V ₅₀ ballistic speed limits for material or armor are shown below for Up and Down firin.
g) Using methods and calculations, define as the velocity at which the selected bullet has a penetration probability of exactly 0.5.

Up and down firing method: In the first round, the estimated V _{50 for} this exterior
Load the amount of propellant calculated to give the bullet a velocity equivalent to the ballistic limit. If the first round of firing results in full penetration, the second round is loaded with propellant charge at a fixed reduction calculated to produce a velocity approximately 30 m / s slower than the first round. If the first round fire caused partial penetration, then in this second round,
Load the propellant in fixed increments calculated to produce a velocity approximately 30 m / sec faster than the first round. This first one
At the time when the pair of penetration reciprocity is performed, the loading amount of this propellant is
It shall be adjusted with a fixed amount to obtain an incremental or decreasing velocity consisting of a velocity of approximately 15 m / sec. Next, V ₅₀ (BLP)
Continue firing according to certain maneuvers to obtain a "ballistic limit protection" estimate.

V ₅₀ calculated: After firing a number of bullets, the fair impact (fiar impac
Calculate V ₅₀ as the average of the speeds recorded in t), where
This fair impact consists of three maximum partial velocities for partial penetration and three minimum velocities for full penetration,
However, these six velocities are subject to being within the 40 m / sec tightness range.

Example 3 In this example, knitting processability evaluation was performed under the following conditions. HLHA Circular Knitting Machine (Model RRU), test period 4 hours, machine speed 670 rpm, knitting speed 1
5m / min, knitting composition 3 stitches / cm.

As can be seen in the table above, with the yarns of the invention it was possible to obtain optimum production levels and maximum values for use compared to the comparative yarns. The state of the art products are twisted and used. This result clearly shows the advantage associated with the possibility of avoiding the twisting operation with the thread according to the invention.

Example 4 In this example, a fatigue test on a hose produced using the yarn of the invention was carried out according to the most severe corrugation of 0.5H.
Performed on the Ford specification using a pressure of 1-3.5 bar at z.

For comparative yarns, the default is generally reached at 50,000 cycles, which is sufficient to pass this test.
However, five samples of the hose containing the yarn of the invention gave a result of 80,000 cycles. This shows that the yarn of the present invention is significantly superior in terms of resistance to fatigue.

Example 5 In this example, a cord manufactured using the yarn of the present invention exhibits strength efficiency conversi.
on) was compared with that of the cord produced with the comparison yarn.

The use of the yarn of the present invention in a cord structure provides 30 compared to commercially available aramid-based structures.
Intensity-efficiency conversions up to% improvement were obtained. If the cord is made of several threads, the strength indicated by this cord should theoretically be equal to the strength of each thread multiplied by the number of threads, but this is not always the case. It doesn't really happen. However, the finish of the present invention helps overcome this problem.

Laboratory test made of 3 commercially available 1100 dtex (1000 filament) aramid yarns with a final twist of 140T
The strength exhibited by a parallel structure of / m (torsion per meter) was measured to be 524N. This was treated with three finishes of the invention (0.8 wt% finish level) of three 110
Compared with a parallel cord structure made of 0dtex yarn. The final strength obtained for a yarn with a twist level of 140 T / m was 592 N, corresponding to a 30% increase.

Example 6 In this example, several qualities exhibited by the yarns of the present invention were tested and compared to the qualities exhibited by comparative yarns.

Test Conditions: Weight loss was measured using percent finish material loss after exposing the fibers to 230 ° C. for 8 hours. The percent finish was measured with solvent extraction before and after exposure to heat.

After washing (washing) the fibers, solvent-extracting residual finishing agent remaining on the fibers according to washing operations known and used in the industry to remove residues after washing. Percentage was also measured. Calculate the percent of initial finish level measured before this wash step.

The coefficient of friction between fiber and metal (F / M) is measured at 150 m / min using the Rothschild device and by the method described previously.

All yarns were 1000 denier, 670 filaments, which were dry coated with a neat finish formulation at a rate of 750 m / min to a level of 0.8%.

The finish of A contained a 70/30 mixture of benzenetricarboxylic acid and benzenedicarboxylic acid as the carboxylic acid component for this ester oil. The finish of B contained a 70/30 mixture of C-18 / C-16 alkenyl monocarboxylic acid components for this ester oil.

Comparative finishes are Research Disclosure No. 195, Disclosure 19520 (198
It was based on C-12 / C-15 mineral oil as disclosed in (July 0).

In this example, a carboxylic acid component having two or more carboxylic acid groups is used for this ester oil, i.e., n = 2-6, the weight loss on heating exhibited by the finish formulation of the present invention. Note that it is quite low. The low weight loss during heating means low smoke emission during use and during high temperature operation.

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-3-104929 (JP, A) JP-A-63-295763 (JP, A) JP-B 50-37319 (JP, B2) JP-B Sho-49- 37403 (JP, B1) US Patent 4019990 (US, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E06M 13/00-13/535

Claims (16)

(57) [Claims] 1. A general formula of (a) (I) [Wherein R ¹ represents C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl, R ² represents H when k = 1, C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl, and R ² represents C ₁ when k = 0. Represents _1- C ₁₆ -alkyl, h = 0 to 5, j = 0 to 4, k = 0 or 1, m = 0 to 16, where the total number of carbon atoms is 25 An alcohol component which is a monovalent branched primary or secondary saturated alcohol having the formula: and (II) the general formula R ³ — (COOH) _s , where s = 1-6 , R ³ represents C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkenyl, C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkadienyl, C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkatrienyl, phenyl, naphthyl, 2-phenylethenyl]. or, or the general formula _{HOOC- (CH = CH) n -COOH} [ wherein, n = 1 or 2] carboxylic acid is an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having a Min, in being configured, + 5 ° C. below the freezing point, 350 mm from 100
^An ester oil lubricant consisting of an ester with a kinematic viscosity of ² / sec (20 ° C) and an iodine value of 30 to 140
30 to 70 wt%, (b) the general formula _{^{R 4 -X- (EO) p (}} PO) q -OH [ wherein, R ⁴ is, C ₅ -C ₂₀ - alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or C _8, - Or C ₉ -alkylphenyl, X represents —COO—, —NH— or —O—, EO represents an ethylene oxide unit, PO represents a propylene oxide unit, and p = 2 to 15 And q = 0 to 10] with an emulsification system consisting of ethoxylated unsaturated fatty acids and / or ethoxylated unsaturated fatty alcohols and / or ethoxylated alkylamines from 20 to 50
_{Wt%, (c) C 4 -C} 12 - alkyl sulfonic acids, C ₄ -C ₁₂ - alkyl phosphate or C ₄ -C ₂₀ - 5 to 15 wt% of the antistatic agent consisting of alkali salts of alkyl carboxylic acids, and (D) A coating consisting of a lubricant, an emulsifying system, an antistatic agent and other components derived from a surface treatment agent containing 0.2 to 2% by weight of a corrosion inhibitor on this fiber, Aramid fiber having an amount of 0.05 to 2.0% by weight. 2. The alcohol component (I) of (a) above is 2
-Methyl-1-propanol, 2-butanol, 2-pentanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-2-butanol, 2-
Methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-1-pentanol, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-heptanol, 2-octanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, 3,5- A dimethyl-1-hexanol, 5-nonanol, 2-6-dimethyl-4-heptanol, iso-hexadecyl alcohol or iso-tridecyl alcohol.
The listed fibers. 3. The carboxylic acid component (II) of the above (a) is lauroleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid,
Oleic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, ricinoleic acid,
2. Beef tallow, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, cinnamic acid, naphthalenecarboxylic acid, benzoic acid, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, trimellitic acid or pyromellitic acid. Fiber. 4. The emulsifying system comprises octylphenol-ethoxylates (5-15 mol EO) and / or nonylphenol ethoxylates (5-15 mol EO).
And / or ethoxylated lauroleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitoleic acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, ricinoleic acid or oleic acid (3-15 mol EO)
And / or containing ethoxylates of elaidyl alcohol, erucyl alcohol, brassyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol (3-10 mol EO) and / or tallow alcohol ethoxylates (3-10 mol EO) The fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that 5. The surface treatment agent comprises 50 to 60% by weight (a), 25 to 40% by weight (b), 5 to 10% by weight (c), and 0.3 to 1% by weight (d). ), Is included, The fiber of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. 6. repeating units of the aramid, the general formula _{(-NH-A 1 -NH-CO} -A 2 -CO-) n [ Formula, A ₁ and A ₂ are identical or different, substituted or non Represents a substituted aromatic and / or polyaromatic and / or heteroaromatic ring]. 7. A ₁ and A ₂ , independently of one another, are halogen, C ₁ -C ₄ -alkyl, phenyl, carboalkoxy,
1,4-phenylene, optionally substituted with one or more substituents, including C ₁ -C ₄ -alkoxy, acyloxy, nitro, dialkylamino, thioalkyl, carboxyl and sulfonyl, 1, 3-phenylene, 1,2-phenylene, 4,4'-biphenylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 1,5-naphthylene, 1,4-naphthylene, phenoxyphenyl-4,4'-diylene, phenoxyphenyl-3, Selected from 4′-diylene, 2,5-pyridylene and 2,6-quinolylene, wherein the amide group may also be replaced by a carbonylhydrazide, azo or azoxy group. A fiber according to range 6. 8. The aromatic polyamide comprises 1,4 substituted or unsubstituted, preferably at least 80 mol% of all A ₁ and A _2.
-Phenylene and phenoxyphenyl-3,4'-diylene, and the phenoxyphenyl-3,4'-
7. The fiber according to claim 6, wherein the content of diylene is 10 to 40 mol%. 9. The fiber according to claim 6, wherein the polyamide fiber contains poly- (m-phenylene-isophthalamide). 10. The fiber according to claim 6, wherein the polyamide fiber contains poly- (p-phenylene-terephthalamide). 11. The polyamide fiber is 3- or 4-
A fiber according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises units derived from aminobenzoic acid. 12. A step of applying a surface treatment agent having an aqueous concentration of 1 to 100% by weight to a fiber and drying the fiber at a temperature of 150 to 190 ° C., wherein the surface treatment agent further comprises: (A) (I) General formula [Wherein R ¹ represents C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl, R ² represents H when k = 1, C ₁ -C ₁₆ -alkyl, and R ² represents C ₁ when k = 0. Represents _1- C ₁₆ -alkyl, h = 0 to 5, j = 0 to 4, k = 0 or 1, m = 0 to 16, where the total number of carbon atoms is 25 An alcohol component which is a monovalent branched primary or secondary saturated alcohol having the formula: and (II) the general formula R ³ — (COOH) _s , where s = 1-6 , R ³ represents C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkenyl, C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkadienyl, C ₄ -C ₁₉ -alkatrienyl, phenyl, naphthyl, 2-phenylethenyl]. or some, or the general formula HOOC- (CH = CH) _n -COOH carboxylic unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having the formula, n = 1 or 2] Component, in being configured, + 5 ° C. below the freezing point, 350 mm from 100
^An ester oil lubricant consisting of an ester with a kinematic viscosity of ² / sec (20 ° C) and an iodine value of 30 to 140
30 to 70 wt%, (b) the general formula _{^{R 4 -X- (EO) p (}} PO) q -OH [ wherein, R ⁴ is, C ₅ -C ₂₀ - alkenyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or C _8, - Or C ₉ -alkylphenyl, X represents —COO—, —NH— or —O—, EO represents an ethylene oxide unit, PO represents a propylene oxide unit, and p = 2 to 15 And q = 0 to 10] with an emulsification system consisting of ethoxylated unsaturated fatty acids and / or ethoxylated unsaturated fatty alcohols and / or ethoxylated alkylamines from 20 to 50
_{Wt%, (c) C 4 -C} 12 - alkyl sulfonic acids, C ₄ -C ₁₂ - alkyl phosphate or C ₄ -C ₂₀ - 5 to 15 wt% of the antistatic agent consisting of alkali salts of alkyl carboxylic acids, and (D) A method for producing an aramid fiber having a coating of a surface treatment agent, which comprises 0.2 to 2% by weight of a corrosion inhibitor. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the concentration of the surface treatment agent in water is 30% by weight. 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the concentration of the surface treatment agent is 100% by weight, that is, the surface treatment agent is free of admixture. 15. The method according to claim 12, wherein the surface-treating agent is applied to aramid fibers which have not been dried. 16. The method according to claim 12, wherein the surface-treating agent is applied to aramid fibers which have been dried in advance.