JPH03185180A - Aramid fiber having finishing agent free from deposit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain the subject aramid fibers capable of manifesting excellent antistatic properties without causing deposition of a finish on a textile treating machine by uniformly coating the aramid fibers with a K salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate. CONSTITUTION: Aramid filaments or fibers having 0.75-5 denier are dipped in an aqueous solution containing 1-50 wt.% of a finish comprising a K salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate to uniformly apply 0.2-1 wt.% (owf) of the K salt of the ethoxylated alkyl phosphate onto the fibers. Thereby, the resultant aramid fibers are capable of manifesting excellent antistatic properties, improving the antifriction properties and scarcely causing deposition (sticking) of the finish on textile treating mechanical equipment or when processing textile products.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention not only increases the anti-friction properties of the surface, but also improves the electrostatic properties of the fibers, yet resists abrasion as a result of normal handling forces. This invention relates to finishing agents for aramid fibers.

The fibers of the present invention having the above-described finishes exhibit little or no deposition of finishing material on the fiber guiding equipment and other areas on the fiber processing machinery during processing of the textile product.

In summary, the present invention provides that the fibers exhibit excellent antistatic properties and that finish deposits that form on textile processing machinery as a result of the forces exerted during normal handling are virtually eliminated. Disclosed are aramid fibers having a finishing agent of a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester as a finishing agent, the preferred finishing agent being a potassium salt of a 7/didecyl alcohol (2EO) phosphate ester. It is.

Explanation of existing technology Finishes are mostly applied to the fibers once they are manufactured.

Finishes are used to change the hand or performance properties of fibers in a specific way; and finishes are often very specific as a result of being applied on the fibers of a particular material.

As an example, potassium salts of alkyl phosphate esters have long been used as finishes to reduce positive charge generation and improve the handling properties of polyester and nylon fibers. In fact, these aliphatic phosphates have been used with some success as antistatic finishes for aramid fibers, but they are also used as fiber guides and other components in fiber processing machinery during fiber processing. It leaves a nasty residue on top.

Fatty acid esters such as coconut oil, castor oil, and polyethylene glycol mono/di fatty acid esters are commonly used as finishing agents to improve the anti-friction properties of aramid fibers, but these ingredients do not carry a positive charge. It doesn't help to reduce it.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has filaments of 0.75 to 3, or perhaps 5 denier, and an amount of ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester on the fiber in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0% based on the weight of the aramid fiber. Aramid fibers having a uniform coating of potassium salts are provided.

The present invention also provides for a
An aqueous finish bath having a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate of 0.75
contact with aramid fibers having a denier of 0.2 to 1.
．． A method for producing a textile product that leaves a uniform coverage of 0% potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate is provided.

The fibers of this detailed description are aramid fibers and can be made from any aramid polymer material. A preferred aramid is a para-aramid, and a preferred para-aramid is poly(p-7 enylene terephthalamide). "Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide)" (PPD-T) is a homopolymer obtained from the polymerization of equimolar amounts of p-phenylene diamine and terephthaloyl chloride, and p-phenylene diamine along with small amounts of other aromatic diamines. and terephthaloyl chloride together with a small amount of other aromatic diacid chloride. In principle, in the production of PPD-T, other aromatic diamines and other aromatic diacid chlorides are used up to an amount of about 10 mol% of p-phenylenediamine or terephthaloyl chloride, or other diamines and diacid chloride are polymerized. Slightly higher amounts can probably be used if it does not have reactive groups that would interfere with the reaction. The fibers can be stable or continuous filaments of any denier.

Aramid fibers can also be made of meta-aramid,
and a preferred meta-aramid is poly(m-phenyleneiso7talamide). Meta-aramids and meta-aramid fibers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,287,324. Vara-aramid and Vara-aramid fibers are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,869.429.

Aramid fibers are generally wet spun from a spinning dope solution of aramid polymer, and after being extruded from a spinneret, the dope solution coagulates in an aqueous coagulation bath with or without passing through a non-coagulable gap. The solidification step is followed by washing in various ways and drying under tension or without tension.

The finishes of the present invention are applied to aramid fibers during the fiber manufacturing process, usually after a washing step. The finish is water soluble and is therefore applied by passing the fiber through an aqueous solution of the finish and then drying. It is possible to contact the aqueous finish bath with the aramid fibers while the fibers are still in a "never-dried" form. That is, before the finish is applied, the fiber can still retain at least about 20% by weight water from the spinning process.

When a finish is applied to wet fibers, absorption of the finish into the fiber structure occurs. Although the advantages of the present invention can be realized by adding the finish to either dry or undried fibers, the finish bound to the fibers is somewhat more effective than the finish simply being coated on the outer surface of the fibers. It is considered to be even more effective. However, it is preferred and practical to add finishes to the dry fibers.

In the manufacture of yarns, many fibers are damaged by contact with fiber guides and other handling equipment, and the yarns are often induced by the generation of positive charges. Finishes provide a means of lubrication of the fibers and attenuation of positive charge, thereby providing a means of reducing fiber damage and improving fiber handling. In the field of aramid fiber production, the need for more effective finishing agents increases dramatically with increasing processing speed; and the need for more effective finishing agents is particularly pronounced in the production of aramid staple yarns. .

The separated staple fibers are produced as continuous yarn using the classical ring spinning process, which sequentially involves the following steps: (i) The baled and compressed staple fibers are processed using a “picker” machine. unpacking, thereby forming a loose staple 7 eyebar mass;
Then “picker tap”
(in) carding the wrap so that the individual staple fibers are virtually parallel;
ingl), these parallel staple fibers are called “card 5liver”.
(ii) forming a number of card slivers into a single, even “
The individual staple fibers are combed into strands called ``drawn 5livers'' by a drawn frame.
(iv) further drawing one or more combed and drawn sliver strands to a layer-parallel positional relationship;
roving)” gives a small amount of tensile strength by machine,
“drawing into a single continuous thread called roving; and (v) drawing and further softening by a ring spinning machine.”
This multi-stage staple yarn manufacturing process can be summarized as comprising the steps of producing "spun yarn".
This results in excessive fiber damage, evidenced by deposits on surfaces in contact with the yarn, such as drawing rolls and spinning rolls. Deposit formation further leads to fiber damage, roll wrap, and reduced productivity.

Furthermore, during processing such as heating, winding, etc., the fibers are guided through and around various guiding devices for the placement and alignment of the yarn. Furthermore, this processing also causes the formation of deposits from the fibers on the guiding device. Deposit formation appears to be a particular problem for aramid fibers, as the formation of this deposit appears to be a function of the tension applied to the fiber and the friction created between the fiber and the guide. The present invention provides improved finish solution stability and improved fiber electrostatic properties and during staple yarn production or during additional handling before and after spun yarn production. Contains a finishing agent that does not lead to the formation of deposits on the surface of the guide device.

The finishing agent of the present invention contains a potassium salt of an ethoxylated aliphatic phosphoric acid ester, characterized in that it is a 7- or dialkyl phosphate ester. The aliphatic portion of the finish molecule is a C8-C18 alkyl having two or three ethylene oxide groups attached to it. The structure of the finish molecule is: (monoalkyl) (dialkyl) where: R-C, Hz, +, (EO)t-s1 EO is an ethylene oxide residue, n-8-18. That's right.

The finish compounds of this invention can be prepared by reacting an aliphatic alcohol having 8-18 carbon atoms and 2 or 3 ethylene oxide groups with phosphorus pentoxide and then neutralizing the product with potassium hydroxide. Ethylene oxide groups increase the water solubility of the finish and reduce deposit formation.

As mentioned above, the finishes of the present invention are soluble in water to the extent of 50% by weight of water or perhaps more, and in any case the finishes present above the solubility limit readily emulsify. or disperse. The finishes of this invention are most commonly applied by dipping the fibers into a finishing bath prepared as an aqueous bath of finish compound. The concentration of finishing agent in the finishing bath is such that, taking into account all other aspects of contact with the finishing agent and drying of the finishing agent, the concentration of the finishing agent in the finishing bath is approximately 0.2 to 1, based on the weight of the starting aramid fibers. It should be such that it has .0% finish. It is concluded that most practically the finishing bath should contain about 1 to 50% finish compound.

The finishes of the present invention are particularly effective because they are water-soluble and therefore can be applied from an aqueous solution.

Application from solution allows the finish to be applied to provide even coverage without creating too many or too few areas. However, water solubility is not the only property that makes a finish good for use on aramid fibers. Application of several water-soluble finishes to aramid fibers has been determined to give aramid fiber products with uniform finish coverage and good antistatic properties; however, these finishes on aramid fibers The agent always leaves behind a deposit of deposits as it travels across the thread contacting surfaces. Examples of such water-soluble finishes that leave excessive deposits on contact surfaces are: potassium salts of alkyl phosphates where the alkyl group has 4-12 carbon atoms; tallow amine diethyl sulfate where the tallow contains 2 to 20 ethylene oxide groups. Potassium salts of ethoxylated alkylamine sulfate esters such as esters; potassium salts of alkyl phosphate esters in which the alkyl is a mixture of 8, 1O and 12 carbon atoms;
and potassium salts of alkylphosphonate ethyl acid esters in which alkyl has 8 carbon atoms.

The finishes used in the present invention incorporate constituents of the materials described above, thereby providing superior performance finishes despite the poor performance of other materials with somewhat similar compositions. It should be noted that it is a drug.

The present invention is based on the fact that aramid fibers with a special ethoxylated aliphatic phosphate potassium salt finish material exhibit combinatorial properties that appear to be unique for fiber and finish combinations. .

Test method Finishing agent on finishing treatment system (FPY) Dissolve the finish from the yarn sample using methanol, evaporate the methanol to dryness, weigh the residue, weigh the washed yarn sample,
It is then determined by calculating the percentage of finish based on the weight of the washed yarn.

The uniformity of the weight finish of the washed yarn is determined by microscopic examination of the fibers in question. Discrete spots of finish clumps indicate "poor" finish uniformity. "Moderate" finish uniformity indicates that the finish is microscopically detectable as a substantially continuous but non-uniform coating. 'Good' uniformity of the finish indicates that the finish can be detected as a microscopically continuous uniform coating. 'Excellent' uniformity of the finish is not detectable microscopically.

Finish deposition is measured as the amount of finish that accumulates on the test fiber guide or yarn guide after passing a known amount of fiber under specified conditions.

To conduct the test, two 14 runs were run under a tension of 1.59 per denier at a wrap angle of 180 degrees.
g) Tension ladder (tensional 1 adder)
The yarn to be tested was run for about 2 minutes through the guide at 100 yards per minute. After a known period of time, the finish deposits that have accumulated on the guide are removed, weighed, and the total weight of the yarn passed through the guide is calculated. The finishing agent deposit is 111 g of deposit per 172 g of yarn passed through the guide device.
Reported as a number.

Yarn g DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS EXAMPLE In this example, fibers of the present invention were prepared and tested against fibers with finishes other than the teachings of the present invention.

A continuous yarn of dry PPD-T homopolymer fibers having filaments with a filament denier of 1.5
The finish-soaked yarn was guided through a crimper to crimp the yarn and remove excess finish solution; impart the desired finish to the yarn. Additional finishes were added to the crimped yarn as needed to apply; the yarn was cut into staples having a length of approximately 13A to 2 inches; the staples were then baleed. Subsequently, a spun yarn was produced using a ring spinning method.

The staples were tested for finish content, finish uniformity and finish deposits. The finishes used in the tests and the test results for this example are shown in the table below.

Experiment No. Book DE Grave ± Quantity Finishing Agent Table Chemical Structure C+oHt+(2EO)Pot Acidic Ester, Potassium Salt C3゜11□(EO)PO, Acidic Ester, Potassium Salt c, Hzs+(2EO)POojl Ester, Potassium Salt C1-1°(1,5EO)PO4 acid ester, potassium salt [C+*Tosl+m. PO4 acid ester, potassium salt CJsPOi acid ester, potassium salt C@ Hls
PO4 acid ester, potassium salt CsH+yPo, acid ester, potassium salt mixture CJ+y, (+eHx+, C
+JxsPOa acid ester, potassium salt tallow amine (2EO) diethyl sulfate, K salt tallow amine (5EO) diethyl sulfate, K salt tallow amine (IOEO) diethyl sulfate, K salt tallow amine (20EO) diethyl sulfate, K salt CaH+ysCtaH*hC+! H*5PO4 Acidic 1 Stel 1 DEA Salt C5) I+yCJsPOs (Phosphonate) Acidic Ester, K Salt A Rich Jetanolamine Table 2 Finishing Agent on Treatment System Finishing Agent Uniformity 0.39 Excellent 0.47 Excellent 0.20 Excellent 0.45 Excellent 0.30 Poor 0.50 Excellent 0.50 Excellent 0.50 Excellent 0.50 Excellent 0.99 Excellent 1.01 Excellent 1.04 Excellent 0.88 Excellent 0.50 Excellent 0.50 Excellent finishing agent A large amount of deposits 19.3 31.0 37.0 37.7 A "large amount" of deposits means that the amount of deposits is lOmy/by
It means that it was evaluated as above.

The main features and aspects of the invention are as follows.

1.0.2 to 1.0% by weight of aramid on filaments and fibers of 0.75 to 5 denier
an aramid fiber having a uniform coating of a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester in an amount of

2. Phosphoric acid ester has the following structural formula: In the above formula, R-C, H. The aramid fiber according to item 1 above, which has at least one structural formula selected from Y+(E O)+-s, EO is an ethylene oxide residue, and n-8-18.

3. The aramid fiber according to 2 above, wherein R=C+oHz+(EO)2.

4. The fiber according to 1 above, wherein the aramid is para-aramid.

5. The fiber according to 4 above, wherein the para-aramid is poly(p-phenylenetele-7-talamide).

6. The fiber according to 1 above, wherein the aramid is meta-aramid.

7. The fiber according to 4 above, wherein the meta-aramid is poly(m-phenyleneiso7talamide).

8. 0.2 to 1.0% by weight of aramid on filaments and fibers of 0.75 to 5 denier
A stable yarn of aramid fibers having a uniform coating of a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester in an amount of .

9. Phosphoric acid ester has the following structural formula: In the above formula, R= C, Ht, -+(E O)+-s, EO
is an ethylene oxide residue, and n = 8-18. The stable yarn according to 8 above, having at least one structural formula selected from the following.

10, R-CloH21(EO)z, the above 9
Stable yarn described in.

11. The stable yarn according to 8 above, wherein the aramid is para-aramid.

12. The stable yarn according to 11 above, wherein the para-aramid is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide).

13. The following steps: a) Setting up an aqueous bath containing from 1 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of water, of a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate; b) Setting up an aqueous bath containing an aramid having a denier of from 0.75 to 5. and C) drying the aramid fibers to leave a uniform coating of phosphate ester on the fibers in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0% based on the weight of the aramid. Method of manufacturing textile products.

14, the aramid fibers have 20% in the fibers at the beginning of the contacting process.
Fusu in an “undried” state containing more than % of water by weight I-Wholesale I
QIj'E'Zeng's beak body 15, phosphoric acid ester has the following structural formula: % formula % In the above formula, R = C, Hz, -+ (E O) + -s, EO
is an ethylene oxide residue, and has at least one structural formula selected from: n = 8-18.

16. The method according to 13 above, wherein R=CloHz+(EO)t.

17. The method according to 8 above, wherein the aramid is para-aramid.

18. The method according to 17 above, wherein the para-aramid is poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide).

Claims (1)

Claims: 1.0.2 to 1.0% by weight of aramid on filaments and fibers of 0.75 to 5 denier.
an aramid fiber having a uniform coating of a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester in an amount of . 2.0.2 to 1.0% by weight of aramid on filaments and fibers of 0.75 to 5 denier
A stable yarn of aramid fibers having a uniform coating of a potassium salt of an ethoxylated alkyl phosphate ester in an amount of . 3. The following steps: a) Setting up an aqueous bath containing 1 to 50% by weight of potassium salt of ethoxylated alkyl phosphate based on the weight of water; b) Setting up the aqueous bath with aramid having a denier of 0.75 to 5. contacting the fiber; and c) drying the aramid fiber to leave a uniform coating of phosphate ester on the fiber in an amount of 0.2 to 1.0% based on the weight of the aramid. How the product is manufactured.