JP3375920B2 - Building board, its construction method, and construction structure - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building board used for making up a wall surface of a building, its construction method and construction structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a method for fastening building boards such as natural stone boards and ceramic boards to the wall of a building, so-called wet construction method in which fixed mortar or adhesive is fixed to the body side, There is known a so-called dry method in which a metal fitting is used for locking. Although the wet method stabilizes the fastening, the curing time of the mortar and the adhesive is long and the working days are often long. On the other hand, the dry construction method has the advantage that the construction is relatively simple and the construction period is short, but in the case of screw fastening, it is necessary to blind the head of the screw, and when using fastening hardware, In order to fasten the building board on the receiving part, two steps are required: a step of placing the building board and a step of fastening the metal fitting.

FIG. 7 shows a more improved fastener.
The form shown in is used. The fastening fitting 50 includes a hook piece 52 that is inclined upward as a locking portion 51.
And a hook piece 53 inclined downward, and in a state in which the hook piece 53 inclined downward is locked at the tip of the male portion 61A of the lower building board 60A already attached,
The fastening metal fitting 50 is fixed to the building frame 56 with screws or nails 55, and then the concave groove (female portion) 61B formed on the lower side of the upper building board 60B is locked to the hook piece 52 inclined upward. By doing so, the upper and lower building boards 60A, 60
B is fastened.

In recent years, the types of building boards have been diversified, and, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, they are relatively small and thick (for example, those of about 35 × 230 × 455 mm) and have a feeling of masonry of natural stone. A building board 60 having a high formability that can be exposed is coming to the market. As a method for manufacturing such a building board, an extrusion molding method, a casting method in a mold, or the like is used. In particular, the casting method in a mold can form a deeply uneven surface pattern. Thus, it is possible to manufacture an outer wall material having extremely high formability. Conventionally, fastening of such a building board to a base material is usually performed using fastening fittings as shown in FIG. 7, as in the case of a long building board. for that reason,
A cut groove 63 is formed on at least an upper side portion and a lower side portion of the building board so that the hook piece 52 inclined upward and the hook piece 53 inclined downward can be engaged with each other.

[0005]

By the way, in the fastening construction of the ceramic small building board as described above, since the size of one building board is relatively small, the entire wall surface of the building is covered. Inevitably, the number of building boards used will increase. And, at the time of fastening construction, as described above, the work of inserting the hook pieces 52 and 53 inclined above and below the fastening metal fitting into the cut grooves 63 formed in each building board, It is necessary to perform a two-step operation of fastening the metal fittings to the base material. When fastening the fastening metal fittings, it is necessary to align each plate individually, taking into consideration the positional relationship between the top, bottom, left, and right plates, and to determine the fastening position accurately, which is a labor-intensive task. ing. Furthermore, although the building board itself is small, it is thick in order to give it a texture, and since it is quite heavy in weight, the work efficiency of fastening is high. Not not.

[0006] In addition, since such a heavy building board tends to generate a rotational moment in the outward and downward direction due to the weight of one building board, it can be said that it is fixed by a fastening metal fitting. However, it cannot be said that the possibility of falling out has been completely avoided if there is poor construction. Apart from that,
Such a thick and richly shaped building board, when arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction, is fastened while leaving a certain gap between its lateral joints, that is, the upper side and the lower side, It is often pleasing to fasten the space so that it has a sense of depth (volume) by allowing it to enter the visual sense of what you see. However, when fastening with the fastening metal fitting having the above structure, it is difficult to fasten it with such a gap, and even if possible, the hook piece of the fastening metal fitting and therefore Since the notch groove formed on the building board becomes visible, a sense of incongruity occurs and high designability cannot be achieved.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned inconveniences of the conventional construction method and construction structure of a construction board using a fastening metal fitting, and more specifically, fastening to a base material. Installation can be completed in a single process, and the gap between the top, bottom, left, and right building boards can be accurately and easily adjusted, thereby greatly improving the workability of fastening work. To obtain a plate and its construction structure. Another object is to enable the expression of thick materials to be effective by positively exposing the wood mouth surface and joints of a building board, and thereby a fastening structure with high designability can be easily obtained. To obtain a building board, its construction method, and construction structure.

[0008]

A building board according to the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a ceramic building board formed by using a mold, and a part of a fastening metal fitting is a building. It is integrally fixed to the building board in a state that it extends outward from the periphery of the shank of the board.
A concave portion is formed in the central portion, and the extended portion is
At least one set of a lower solid portion and an upper solid portion formed at opposing positions is characterized in that the lower solid portion is fastened to the building wall surface to fix the building board. In the building board of the above configuration, the building board body and the fastening metal fittings are already integrated in the manufacturing process, and at the fastening construction site, after placing the building board at the predetermined fastening position, The fastening work is completed only by fastening the lower real part of the fastening metal fittings, which are fixed together, to the base material of the building with screws or the like. Unlike the conventional art, the work of inserting the fastening metal fitting into the cut groove of the building board is unnecessary, and the workability of fastening is greatly improved. Also, the fasteners are
On the back side of the building board, a backing shaped board is used for the purpose of weight reduction.
It is an embossing jig used for
Due to the recessed parts, the building board is made lightweight and easy to work with.
Can be increased.

Further, the fact that the work of inserting the fastening fitting into the cut groove of the building board is unnecessary is that it is not necessary to form such a cut groove on the wood mouth surface (side surface) of the building board. It means that, as a result, it is possible to positively expose the ostium of the building board. In this way, it is possible to easily obtain a fastening structure that effectively expresses a thick material and has a high design. Preferably, the lower solid portion and the upper solid portion extending from the building board are connected to each other on the back side of the building board to form one fastening metal fitting .

Preferably, an anchor pin is attached to the fastening fitting, and the anchor pin is molded in a state of being embedded in a non-embossed portion such as mortar, which is a material of the building board, at the time of manufacturing, to secure the fastening fitting and the building board. And are more firmly fixed. In a preferred embodiment, the building board has a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, and the metal fitting portion extending upward and leftward from the periphery of the handle portion of the building board is a lower solid portion, and the metal fitting portion extending downward and rightward. The steps are formed so as to form upper solid parts. The length of the lower solid part upper side is equal to the length of the building board upper side, similarly the lower solid part left side,
The lengths of the lower side and the right side of the upper part are equal to the lengths of the left side, the lower side and the right side of the building board, respectively. With this configuration, when the building boards are arranged on the wall surface of the building,
The gap between the building boards can be completely covered by the lower and upper solid portions of each building board, and all the lower solid portions are completely covered by the upper solid portions of the adjacent building boards. That is, when viewed from the surface, the joint portion between the building boards is entirely occupied by the upper solid portion, which is preferable in terms of design.

[0011] Preferably, a predetermined joint color or joint pattern is pre-baked on the surfaces of the upper and lower solid parts to enhance the expression of joints after construction. Further, preferably, the surface of the upper solid portion is not coated, and a sealing material or a mortar material is cast on the joint after the construction. The building board according to the present invention may be any ceramic building board molded using a mold, and there is no particular limitation on the shape or size. However, as described above, the present invention is particularly effective in the case of a relatively small-sized building board and a building board on which a deeply carved surface concavo-convex pattern is formed. Further, the material of the building board body is not particularly limited as long as it is a ceramic material. For example, it may be a material such as mortar or concrete. Naturally, the surface pattern and the coating material are also arbitrary.

In molding the building board according to the present invention, the building board according to the present invention can be easily manufactured by performing the same molding process as the conventional method after setting the fastening metal fitting on the material to be poured into the mold. It can be manufactured. Therefore,
The building board manufacturing process does not become particularly complicated. The present invention further comprises fastening the lower solid portion of the building board to the wall surface of the building such that the upper solid portion overlaps the lower solid portion of the adjacent building board, and fastening construction of the building board. A method and an outer wall construction structure with the building boards so arranged are also disclosed.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B are perspective views showing an example of a building board according to the present invention. FIG. 1A shows a state viewed from the front side, and FIG. 1B shows a state viewed from the back side.
As will be described in detail later, the building board 10 is a ceramic-based building board formed by using a mold, and is not limited, but for example, the dimensions are 35 mm × 230 mm × 455 mm.
It has a rectangular shape in a plan view to some extent, and a pattern 11 having a high shaping property is formed on the surface and, in some cases, the side surface thereof so as to express the masonry feeling of natural stone.

A fastening metal fitting 20 is integrally fixed to the building board 10 in a state where a part thereof extends from the periphery of the handle portion of the building board 10, and the extending portion is the lower part. They are the real part 21 and the upper real part 22. In this example, the fastening member 20 is made of stainless steel plate or the like by sheet metal processing, and includes a lower solid portion 21 that extends further upward and leftward from the upper and left sides of the building board 10, and further downward from the lower and right sides. And an upper solid portion 22 extending rightward and an embossing jig 23 connecting the both solid portions 21 and 22. Then, the both real parts 21 and 22 are
Steps are formed so that the upper solid parts of adjacent building boards overlap the lower solid parts, and the overlapping parts have equal dimensions. The length of the upper side of the lower solid portion 21 is equal to the length of the upper side of the building board, and similarly, the lengths of the left side of the lower solid portion 21, the lower side and the right side of the upper solid portion 22 are the left side, the lower side and the lower side of the building board, respectively. It is equal to the length of the right side. The embossing jig 23
As shown in FIG. 2, the whole is in contact with the back surface of the building board 10, and a recessed portion 12 is formed in the central portion to reduce the weight of the building board. Then, a hole 24 for a fastening screw is formed in the lower solid portion 21 and is fixed to the base material with a screw through a waterproof paper 40 (see FIG. 3). The plate weight is supported in a suspended state by the horizontal screw fastening of the lower solid portion 21. In addition, the vertical screwing of the lower solid portion 21 is assisted to reinforce the supporting force of the plate weight and further prevent the plate from being displaced left and right. The surface side of the hole 24 is
Expanding part 2 so that the head of fastening screw 55 can enter
4 (see FIG. 3).

Next, an example of a method of manufacturing the building board 10 will be described. A mold 30 is used for manufacturing, as shown in FIG. The mold 30 is preferably a urethane resin molded product. The mold 30 has a concave mold surface 31 that expresses the outer surface shape of the building board 10. The fastening fitting 20 has a size that can cover the mold surface 31 side of the mold 30. The manufacturing process of the building board 10 will be described with reference to FIG. First, raw materials such as cement and sand are mixed (601), supplied to a hopper (602), and injected into the mold 30 from the hopper. At that time, preferably, a mold release agent is applied to the entire surface of the mold surface 31 (604), and further, a transfer pigment is applied (605).

After the raw material is supplied, the embossing jig 23 is fitted onto the mold 30 by pressing it until the surface plate 41 of the mold 30 abuts against the peripheral end supporting portion of the mold 30. afterwards,
Vibration is applied to the mold 30 to promote the wraparound of the raw material (60
6) Leave the material in that state for about 24 hours and wait for the raw material to cure (607). As shown in FIG. 4, the fastener 20
Is a part thereof, that is, the lower real part 21 and the upper real part 22.
Is installed so as to be exposed from the outside of the building board 10, and the other parts are all embedded in the raw material,
It is integrally fixed to the building board 10. After curing, demolding work is performed (608), and the building board 10 shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is obtained. The obtained building board 10 is preferably left to dry for about 2 weeks (609), and the conventional clear coating or the like is applied (610) to obtain a product (61).
1).

For fastening the manufactured building board 10 to the wall surface of the building, as shown in FIG. 3, a waterproof paper 40 is attached to an appropriate supporting member (horizontal furring strip or vertical furring strip) on the building frame side. This is done by using the fastening holes 24 formed in the lower solid portion 21 of the fastening fitting 20 to hit the support member with the screw 55 or the like through the waterproof paper 40. Figure 2
Shows the fastening state seen from the front side, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. Building board 10
As shown in the figure, the upper and lower real portions 22 and 21 are arranged side by side so that they can be easily fastened in multiple stages. Since the order of arranging the building boards is such that the upper solid parts 22 located on the right side and the lower side of the other building boards are respectively overlapped on the lower real parts 21 located on the left side and the upper side of the building board, It looks like this:

That is, first, the building boards are fastened horizontally from the right at the bottom, while the upper and lower real parts of the adjacent building boards are overlapped, and then the building board is moved to the immediately upper row and the building is constructed horizontally from the right. Fasten the boards. Here, the lower solid part 21a located on the upper side of the lower building board 10a is overlapped with the upper solid part 22b of the lower side of the upper building board 10b, and the lower solid part 21c of the left side of the building board 10c on the right side. The building board is fastened so that the upper solid portion 22b on the right side of the building board 10b overlaps the above. After that, the building boards are further fastened horizontally in the upper stage. Hereinafter, the same work may be repeated.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the building board according to the present invention. In FIG. 5, the anchor pin 25 is attached to the embossing jig 23, and at the time of manufacturing, the anchor pin 25 is molded in a state in which it is embedded in the non-embossed portion of the mortar, which is the material of the building board 10, and the fastener 20. It is more firmly fixed to the building board 10.

[0020]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION The building board and construction structure according to the present invention can be fastened to a base material in a single step, thereby greatly improving the workability of fastening work. In addition, it becomes possible to effectively express thick materials by positively showing the vertices and joints of building boards, and it is also possible to accurately and easily match the gap between upper, lower, left and right building boards. This makes it possible to easily obtain a fastening structure with high design.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a building board according to the present invention, FIG. 1a showing a state seen from the front side, and FIG. 1b showing a state seen from the back side.

FIG. 2 is a view seen from the front side for explaining an example of the construction structure of a building board according to the present invention.

3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram which is used for explaining a method for manufacturing a building board of the present invention using a mold.

FIG. 5 is a diagram which is used for describing a method of manufacturing a building board according to another embodiment of the present invention using a mold.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a manufacturing process of a building board.

FIG. 7 is a diagram provided for explaining an example of a fastening metal fitting used for fastening a building board.

FIG. 8 is a front perspective view showing an example of a building board.

[Explanation of symbols]

10, 10a, 10b, 10c ... Building board, 11 ... Surface unevenness pattern, 20 ... Fastening metal fitting, 21 ... Lower real part, 22 ... Upper real part, 23 ... Embossing jig, 24 ... Fastening hole, 25 ...
Anchor pin, 30 ... Mold, 31 ... Mold surface, 40 ... Waterproof paper, 50 ... Fastening metal fitting, 51 ... Locking part, 52, 53 ...
Hook piece, 55 ... Screw, 56 ... Building frame, 60, 60
A, 60B ... Building board, 61A ... Male real part, 61B ... Recessed groove (female real part), 63 ... Notch groove

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A ceramic-type building board formed by using a mold, wherein the fastening metal fitting is integrally fixed to the building board with a part of the fastening fitting extending outside the periphery of the handle of the building board. The fastening metal is recessed in the center of the back side of the building board.
Are formed, and the extended portions are at least one set of lower solid portion and upper solid portion that are formed at opposite positions, and the building solid plate is fixed by fastening the lower solid portion to the building wall surface. A building board characterized by: 2. The building board has a substantially rectangular shape in a plan view, and metal fittings having the same length as the respective sides extend from each side around the building board, and any two adjacent sides around the building board. 2. The building board according to claim 1, wherein the metal fitting portion extending further is a lower solid portion, and the metal fitting portion extending from the remaining two sides is an upper solid portion, which are formed with steps. . 3. The building board according to claim 1, wherein the lower solid portion and the upper solid portion are connected to each other on the back side of the building board to form one fastening metal piece. 4. An anchor pin is attached to the fastening member, and when the building board is formed, the anchor pin is formed in a state of being embedded in the material of the building board . Any of the building boards. 5. The fastening of the lower solid portion of the building board according to any one of claims 1 to 4 so that the upper solid portion overlaps the lower solid portion of the adjacent building boards. Characteristic construction method of building board. 6. A construction structure for a building board, wherein the building board according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is fastened to an outer wall of a building by the construction method according to claim 5 .