JP3373481B2 - Water supply system - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a water supply device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a water supply device (water supply pump)
Has been regulated to be directly connected to the water mains from the viewpoint of preventing water pollution due to backflow and preventing erroneous measurement of a water meter (water meter) due to the influence of a water hammer. For this reason, it is branched from the distribution pipe, which is the mains of the water supply, and once injected into the receiving tank, this water is pumped up by the water supply pump and installed in the roof of the building (or apartment, condominium, etc.) The current situation is that water is stored in a tank (abbreviated as a water tank), and then water is sent to each customer by utilizing the head.

This example will be described below with reference to FIG. From the water distribution pipe 1 through the branch pipe 2, the water meter 3, and the ball tap 4, the water is once poured into the water receiving tank 5. The water stored in the water receiving tank 5 is pumped up by the water supply pump 8 and stored in the elevated water tank 12 installed on the roof of the building 18. The stored water is supplied to the faucet 16 of the consumer through the door meter 17 using the head. At this time, the water supply pump 8 is started when the liquid level relay 14 installed in the high water tank 12 detects the lower limit water level LWL of the water tank, and stops when the upper limit water level HWL is detected. In addition, 6 and 11 are water supply pipes, 7 and 10 are gate valves, 9 is a check valve, and 13 is a ball tap.

Recently, in order to utilize the pressure of a water distribution pipe of a water supply and to eliminate an unsanitary water receiving tank, studies have begun to directly connect a water supply device to the main pipe to supply water. This device is shown in Fig. 1 with dotted line piping 1 instead of the removed water tank.
It is directly connected to the water supply device by means of 9, and the water receiving tank 5 is omitted. In addition, it is considered that the water supply device using an inverter as a variable frequency power supply is effective in the following points. (1) The inverter has the functions of soft start and soft stop, and can suppress the pressure fluctuation on the water distribution pipe side at the time of starting and stopping, and prevent the influence on the water distribution pipe 1 side. (2) When the pressure of the water supply pipe 1 drops, the pump operating speed can be reduced by the inverter to adjust the water supply to the customer.

[0005]

If the elevated water tank type water supply device is used by directly connecting it to the water distribution pipe of the water supply, there are the following problems. (1) The pump always has a constant operating point Q (pump performance curve A
And a pipe resistance curve F are intersected with each other (see FIG. 3), a large amount of water is consumed during this period. Therefore, if this system spreads and many water supply devices are directly connected to the water distribution pipe, the pressure of the water distribution pipe may decrease. Further, the pump stops in a state where the usage amount is large, so that the water pipe pressure increases.

(2) There is a risk that a water amount exceeding the planned maximum water amount Q0 (see FIG. 3) will be consumed, in which case the water distribution pipe pressure will drop below the planned value. (3) The water supply pump of the conventional elevated water tank type water supply device operates at a constant speed, and this pump starts when the water tank water level is the lower limit water level LWL and stops when it is the upper water level HWL. Due to the large drop during this time, the falling water causes the foreign matter that has accumulated at the bottom to be rolled up and the water supply to become muddy. (4) Generally, the high water tank has a large margin,
Water stays for a long time and becomes unsanitary.

The object of the present invention is not to affect the water distribution pipe,
It is an object of the present invention to provide a water supply device that enables hygienic water supply without water in the elevated water tank becoming muddy.

[0008]

In order to solve the problem] was to achieve the above purpose
Because, liquid feed device for water according to the invention according to claim 1, upper
A high置水tank but open to the atmosphere, a pipe for direct water that is connected via the reverse Nagarebo stop valve to water mains, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, said being connected to the pipe comprising a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through the pipe, an electric motor that drives the front SL pump, an inverter for speed control of the electric motor, to drive the pump
With a water supply device that supplies water to the above-mentioned high water tank by
There is a certain acceleration time before starting the pump.
Tei Rukoto a control <br/> means to have a soft-start function for starting the serial pump is characterized in.

Similarly, for water supply according to the invention of claim 3.
Liquid supply apparatus includes a high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, a pipe for direct water that is connected via a check valve to water mains, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, the pipe comprising a pump for discharging the water in the water main through connected piping to the suction the water pipe side, an electric motor that drives the front SL pump, an inverter for speed control of said motor, before
Water is supplied to the high water tank by driving the pump.
A water supply device for starting the pump,
Acceleration until the pump discharge pressure reaches the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc
Starts with a soft start function that starts the pump in time.
The pump discharge pressure exceeds the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc described above.
And it is characterized in Tei Rukoto a control means to speed increasing gradually at a predetermined change width when not exceeding lift HT.

Similarly, for water supply according to the invention of claim 5.
Liquid supply apparatus includes a high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, a pipe for direct water that is connected via a check valve to water mains,
A water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected piping in the pipe, an electric motor that drives the front Symbol pump speed controls the electric motor and an inverter, wherein
Water supplied to the high water tank by driving a pump
A liquid supply device for road, wherein when starting the pump,
Operation speed Nc at which discharge pressure satisfies minimum guaranteed pressure Hc
Until it reaches the limit of
It starts with the shift start function and the pump speed is the above operating speed.
The operating speed NB, which exceeds Nc and satisfies the total head HT, has been reached.
Has a gradual speed increasing control hand stage at a predetermined change width when no
Tei is Rukoto characterized in.

Similarly, for water supply according to the invention of claim 7.
The liquid supply device consists of a high water tank whose upper part is open to the atmosphere,
Piping for direct water supply connected to the main pipe via a check valve
And a water supply pipe for supplying water to the elevated water tank, and connected to the pipe
The water from the water main is sucked in through the pipe
A pump that discharges to the water pipe side, and an electric motor that drives the pump
And an inverter for controlling the speed of the electric motor,
Water is supplied to the high water tank by driving the pump.
It is a water supply device, and when stopping the pump,
Control with soft stop function to decelerate at a constant speed
It is characterized by having means.

Similarly, for water supply according to the invention of claim 9.
The liquid supply device consists of a high water tank whose upper part is open to the atmosphere,
Piping for direct water supply connected to the main pipe via a check valve
And a water supply pipe for supplying water to the elevated water tank, and connected to the pipe
The water from the water main is sucked in through the pipe
A pump that discharges to the water pipe side, and an electric motor that drives the pump
And an inverter for controlling the speed of the electric motor,
Water is supplied to the high water tank by driving the pump.
A water supply device for discharging water when stopping the pump.
When the output pressure exceeds the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc, slowly pump the pump.
The pump discharge pressure is less than the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc.
, The pump will be decelerated for the prescribed deceleration time.
Having a control means with a soft stop function
It is a feature. Further, the same as in claim 11.
In the water supply device according to the invention, the upper part is opened to the atmosphere.
It is connected to the elevated water tank and the mains of the water via a check valve.
Directly connected water supply pipe and water pipe for supplying water to the elevated water tank
And connected to the pipe, through the pipe to the water main
A pump that sucks in water and discharges it toward the water pipe,
A motor for driving the pump and an input for controlling the speed of the motor.
A barter, and by driving the pump,
A water supply device for supplying water to an elevated water tank, comprising:
When the pump is stopped, the discharge pressure satisfies the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc.
When the operating speed Nc exceeds
The speed is gradually decelerated so that the pump speed is equal to the operating speed Nc.
Softening to decelerate the pump in a predetermined deceleration time
Specially equipped with a control means having a stop function
It is a characteristic.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a water supply facility according to an embodiment of the present invention, and basically has a configuration in which the water receiving tank 5 shown in FIG. 1 is deleted. The same devices as those described with reference to FIG. 20 is a pressure tank for absorbing pressure fluctuation having an air reservoir inside, 21 is a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure on the pump discharge side, 22 is a check valve for preventing contamination from the demand side, and 14 is a high water tank 12
Is a water level detection means that is installed in the high water tank 12 and detects the water level in the high water tank 12, for example, a lower limit water level LWL and an upper limit water level HWL.
Then, the water level LL for operating at a low water level slightly higher than LWL is detected. 6 and 11 are water pipes and 7 and 10
Is a gate valve, 9 is a check valve, and 13 is a ball tap.

FIG. 4 is a pump performance curve diagram shown in FIG. 2, in which the vertical axis represents the total head H and the horizontal axis represents the water amount Q. In the figure, F is a conduit resistance curve, and shows a value specific to the water supply system. Q0 is the planned maximum water supply (instantaneous maximum water supply), and HT is the total head. Generally 10
When 0% N (curve A), the pump is selected so as to satisfy the Q0 and HT. However, since general-purpose pumps are mass-produced, Q0 and HT do not necessarily match. On the other hand, the curve B is Q-H when the pump operating speed is NB, which satisfies the characteristic that the total head HT is obtained when the planned maximum water quantity is Q0.
Performance. Curve D is Q-H performance when the operating speed is ND, which satisfies an arbitrary water amount QD and head HD. Similarly, the curve C is the Q-H performance at the operating speed NC satisfying the minimum guaranteed pressure HC when the water amount is zero. Incidentally, since FIG. 4 shows the suction side pressure at the minimum value, it is obvious that the operating speeds NB, ND and NC mentioned above will change if this pressure changes. On the other hand, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, the pump is always operated at a constant operating point Q.

FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram of startup and shutdown at the time of starting and stopping, in which the horizontal axis represents time and the vertical axis conceptually represents speed and pressure. The broken line is an example of a conventional constant speed pump.

A concrete embodiment of the water level detecting means shown in FIG. 2 is shown in FIGS. Figure 6 is an example of a float type water level detector,
FIG. 7 shows an example of a water level detector using the electrode rods E1 to E4.
Since these water level detectors are known, their description is omitted.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control circuit according to an example of the present invention. 30 is a commercial power source, 31 is a circuit breaker for wiring, 3
2 is a fuse, R and S are control power supplies, 33 is an inverter, 34 is a console for setting control constants such as acceleration / deceleration time in the inverter, 35 is an induction motor for driving a pump, 36 is a switch for turning on / off, Reference numeral 37 is a power supply transformer for the control unit CU, and 38 is a relay for instructing the inverter operation. When the contact X9 of the relay is closed, the inverter is started and when it is opened, it is stopped. 39 is an interface circuit for driving the relay 38,
40 is a stabilizing power supply for the CU, 41 is an interface circuit (composed of a digital / analog converter D / A) for instructing the speed N of the inverter in response to a command from the CPU, and 42 is a memory (ROM, RAM). (Configured), 43 is an arithmetic unit CPU, 44 to 48 are input interface circuits, and 49 are constants HT, HC, LW.
Digital switch for setting L, HWL, LL, etc., 5
Similarly, 0 is a digital switch for setting the maximum speed NB and times t1 ', t2, t3, t4', 51 is an example of a liquid level relay of water level detecting means, 52 is also a water level sensor, 53 is a pressure sensor, and 54 is It is a timekeeping means.

The time measuring means 54 uses Δt (for example, 10 mse).
It is composed of an interrupt timer of c) and a timer of the time chart shown in FIG. 9 to 13 are flowcharts showing the control procedure, which are described in advance in the memory 42 as a program.

Next, the operation of the water supply equipment having the above-mentioned structure will be described. When the circuit breaker 31 is turned on and the switch 36 is closed, control power is established, and the controller CU executes the processing up to the initial setting in step 900 shown in FIG. That is, here, the CPU registers, the interface circuits 44 to 48, the interrupt register memory, and other initial values are set, and the digital switches 49 and 50 are further set.
To each set value HT (total head corresponding to the planned maximum water quantity Q0), HC (guaranteed head at water quantity 0), LWL (lower water level), LL (low water level start water level) HWL (upper water level), NB (maximum speed) ), The time constants t1 ', t2, t3, t4' shown in FIG. 5 are read and the respective values are written and stored in the RAM of the memory 42. Also memory TR
O is set to 00H (TRO contains data on whether to operate at low water level).

Next, at step 901, a soft timer Δt1 for the time required for interrupt processing is executed. During this process, the first interrupt process (FIGS. 12 and 13) is executed. First, step 110 is executed to read the pressure (pump discharge pressure) detected by the pressure sensor 53 from the interface circuit 47 and store it in the RAM of the memory 42. Similarly, in the next step 111, the water level of the high water tank 14 is read into the RAM of the memory 42 by reading the signal of the water level detecting means 51 or 52 via the interfaces 46 and 47. Generally, the liquid level relay 51 is often used as the water level detecting means, and the water level sensor is used when performing fine continuous control.

Next, step 120 of the interrupt process is executed. Here, it is determined whether T2 is ON, and if it is ON, the routine proceeds to step 121, where the value of TRO is set to 0FFH, and T2 is set.
Is not ON, the value of TRO is set to 00H in step 122.
, And exit from this loop and return to step 902. The TRO is set for each T2 pulse generated in each T1 cycle of the timing means 43. Further, this interrupt processing (FIGS. 12 and 13) is performed by the access of the timing means even when the main routine after step 902 is being executed.
It is executed every hour.

Returning to step 902, here, TRO
It is determined whether or not the data is 00H, and if it is 00H, the process proceeds to step 903, and the subsequent processes are executed. In step 903, it is determined whether the water level in the elevated water tank is LWL, and if it is not at this level, steps 902 to 9 are reached until it reaches this level.
03, and if yes, the next step 90
At 4,905, an ON signal of the relay 38 is output to drive the inverter, and a signal of the minimum speed NC is output as a speed command signal. Further, the inverter has preset acceleration time (t1'-t1) and deceleration time (t4-t4 ') by the console 34 as shown in FIG. As a result, the inverter 33 and the pump motor 35 are accelerated by the acceleration time (t1 '
-At t1), start operation by soft start.

In step 906, the memory 4 is initialized during initialization.
The NB, NC, t2, t1 'stored in 2 are read, and (NB
-NC) = N, (t2-t1 ') / N = .DELTA.t2 is obtained. In step 907, it is judged whether or not the pump discharge pressure detected by the pressure sensor 53 exceeds HT, and if it exceeds, it jumps to step 911 without accelerating, and the water of the planned maximum amount or more flows. Suppress not to. If not, proceed to step 908, where the current speed is 1 Hz.
The speed is increased by 1 bit (control may be 1 bit), the waiting time of Δt 2 obtained in step 909 is executed, and it is determined in step 910 whether the speed is increased by N.
The processing from step 907 is executed until the acceleration is completed.

When the speed increase by N is completed and the maximum speed is reached, the routine proceeds to step 911. By the way, in this state,
In FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the pump starts operating in the state of speed Nc, gradually increases in speed and increases in pressure, and reaches speed NB and head HT from time t1 ′ to time t2. Step 91
In 1, it is judged whether the water level of the aquarium has reached the level HWL,
If not reached, steps 912 to 911 are executed until the level reaches HWL. When the level reaches HWL, the process proceeds to step 913 in FIG. 10, where NB-
NC = N '(t4'-t4) / N' = Δt3 is obtained, and the routine proceeds to step 914.

At step 914, the pump discharge side pressure is H
If it is less than C, it is judged. If it is less than C, it jumps to step 919 without decelerating, and if it is more than HC, it is 1 Hz from the current speed in step 915 (it may be 1 bit for control). Slow down, step 916
In step 917, the waiting time process for the calculated Δt3 is executed. In step 917, it is determined whether the deceleration changes by N '. Then, in step 919, the relay 38 is turned off, a signal that sets the speed command data to “0” is output, and the inverter 33
And the pump 8 is stopped. At this time, the deceleration time is (t4
-T4 '), which is a soft stop.

This state will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Gradual deceleration and pressure reduction are started from the state of NB and HT, and NC and HC are reached in the period from time t3 to time t4 '. Stop after. After that, the process returns to step 902 in FIG. 9 and the subsequent processes are repeatedly executed.

When TRO is 0FFH as a result of the determination in step 902, the routine jumps to step 923, and the LWL constant operation control in the low water level state is performed. That is, step 9
At 23, determine whether the water level of the high water tank is higher than LWL,
If it is not in the upper rank, the process jumps to step 926, and if it is in the higher rank, the process proceeds to step 924, where step 9
A deceleration process similar to that of No. 15 is executed, a waiting time process of a fixed time (for example, several seconds) is executed in step 925, and the process returns to step 902 again. In step 926, a process of providing hysteresis (a process of setting LWL to LWL-ΔL, for example, a process of determining to operate at a minimum speed for about several minutes) is executed, and in step 927, the water level is lower than the updated LWL. Or not. If it is in the lower order, the same speed-up process as in step 908 is executed in step 928 and the process proceeds to step 925. If it is not in the lower order, the process proceeds to step 925 without shifting.

In this way, the LWL constant control is performed here. Further, FIG. 11 shows an example in which the LWL constant control of the portion X in FIG. 9 uses a liquid level relay instead of the water level sensor. In step 929, it is determined whether or not the water level is higher than LL. In step 932, it is determined whether or not the water level is lower than LWL without performing hysteresis calculation.
The other parts are the same as those in FIG.

[0029]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) If the water surface is low at the time of start-up, the amount of pumped water falling in the high water tank increases, causing a problem that the water becomes turbid in the high water tank. However, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. Turbulence can be prevented because the amount of pumped water can be narrowed down and gradually raised. (2) In the case of the elevated water tank system, conventionally, the pressure increased when stopped in a constant operating state. However, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, since the water amount can be stopped by stopping before stopping, the pressure does not rise.
Yes.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view in which a water receiving tank used in a conventional technique is interposed in a water supply device for a water supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a water supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conventional pump operation characteristic diagram.

FIG. 4 is a pump operation characteristic diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a pump operation schedule diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a specific example of water level detection means.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another specific example of the water level detecting means.

FIG. 8 is a control circuit diagram of a specific example according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a control flowchart of a specific example according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a control flowchart of a specific example according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a control flowchart of a specific example according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a control flowchart of a specific example according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a control flowchart of a specific example according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a time chart of the time counting means according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water pipe, 8 ... Pump, 21 ... Pressure sensor, 12 ... High water tank, 14 ... Water level detection means, 33 ... Inverter, CU
... Control unit, 49, 50 ... Digital switch for setting control constants.

Continuation of front page (56) Reference JP-A-5-240186 (JP, A) JP-A-4-241782 (JP, A) JP-A-2-286888 (JP, A) JP-A-2-108734 (JP , A) JP 4-330127 (JP, A) JP 62-203986 (JP, A) JP 63-297786 (JP, A) Actual development 57-178868 (JP, U) Actual development 55-136868 (JP, U) Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-46799 (JP, B2) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F04B 49/00-49/10 F04D 15/00-15 / 02

Claims (12)

(57) [Claims] 1. A and high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, distribution for direct water that is connected via a check valve to the water mains
A tube, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected the pipe in the pipe, an electric motor for driving the pump, the electric motor Equipped with a speed control inverter ,
Water is supplied to the elevated water tank by driving the pump.
That the liquid feed device for water, when starting the pump, feed for water, characterized in Bei <br/> example Tei Rukoto control hand stage having a soft start function for starting the pump at a predetermined acceleration time Liquid device. 2. The control means is built in the inverter.
The water supply device according to claim 1, wherein 3. A high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, distribution for direct water that is connected via a check valve to the water mains
A tube, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected the pipe in the pipe, an electric motor for driving the pump, the electric motor Equipped with a speed control inverter ,
Water is supplied to the elevated water tank by driving the pump.
In the liquid supply device for that water, when starting the pump, the pump delivery pressure to start the soft-start function for starting the pump at a predetermined acceleration time until the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc, the pump discharge pressure is the minimum guaranteed water for use in liquid feed device according to claim Tei Rukoto a control means to gradually accelerated at a predetermined change width when not exceeding total head HT beyond the pressure Hc. 4. The control means is built in the inverter.
The water supply device according to claim 3, wherein 5. A high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, distribution for direct water that is connected via a check valve to the water mains
A tube, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected the pipe in the pipe, an electric motor for driving the pump, the electric motor Equipped with a speed control inverter ,
Water is supplied to the elevated water tank by driving the pump.
That the liquid feed device for water, when starting the pump, start with soft start function the pump discharge pressure activates the pump at a predetermined acceleration time until the operating speed Nc that satisfies the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc, pump speed liquid feed device for water, characterized in Tei Rukoto a control means for gradually accelerating at a predetermined change width when it does not reach the operation speed NB satisfying the total head HT exceeds the operating speed Nc. 6. The control means is built in the inverter.
The water supply device according to claim 5, wherein 7. A high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, distribution for direct water that is connected via a check valve to the water mains
A tube, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected the pipe in the pipe, an electric motor for driving the pump, the electric motor Equipped with a speed control inverter ,
Water is supplied to the elevated water tank by driving the pump.
That the liquid feed device for water, when stopping the pump, for water supply fluid and wherein the Tei Rukoto a control means having a soft-stop function for decelerating at a predetermined speed. 8. The control means is built in the inverter.
The water supply device according to claim 7, wherein the water supply device is a water supply device. 9. A high置水tank having an open top to the atmosphere, distribution for direct water that is connected via a check valve to the water mains
A tube, a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected the pipe in the pipe, an electric motor for driving the pump, the electric motor Equipped with a speed control inverter ,
Water is supplied to the elevated water tank by driving the pump.
In water for the liquid supply device that, when stopping the pump, the discharge pressure is the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc
Gradually decelerating said pump when the above, the pump delivery pressure and said Tei Rukoto a control hand stage having a soft-stop function for decelerating the pump at a predetermined deceleration time When a less guaranteed minimum pressure Hc Water supply device. 10. The control means is built in the inverter.
The water supply device according to claim 9, wherein the water supply device is provided. 11. A high water tank whose upper part is open to the atmosphere ,
For direct connection water supply connected to the water main via a check valve
Pipe and a water pipe for water to the high置水tank, and a pump for discharging the water pipe side draws water in the water main through connected the pipe in the pipe, an electric motor for driving the pump, the electric motor Bei and an inverter for speed control
The pump is driven to feed the elevated water tank.
In the liquid supply device for water that water, when stopping the pump, the discharge pressure is the minimum guaranteed pressure Hc
When the operating speed Nc that satisfies the above condition is exceeded, the pump is gradually decelerated with a predetermined change width, and when the pump speed reaches the operating speed Nc, a control hand having a soft stop function for decelerating the pump for a predetermined deceleration time is provided. water for use in liquid feed device according to claim Tei Rukoto comprising a stage. 12. The control means is built in the inverter.
12. The water supply for water supply according to claim 11, characterized in that
apparatus.