JP3349946B2 - Liquid crystal display device, liquid crystal device, and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device such as a twisted nematic (TN) type or in-plane switching (IPS) type used for a television or a computer display, and to the liquid crystal display device described above. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal device applied to a blind glass having a function, a liquid crystal shutter, and the like, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional TN type liquid crystal display device, a pair of glass substrates are bonded together so as to form a predetermined gap via a spacer, and a liquid crystal (nematic liquid crystal or the like) is injected into the gap to form a liquid crystal panel. Are formed, and polarizing plates are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal panel. On one of the glass substrates, a transparent pixel electrode and a thin film transistor (TFT) are formed. On the other glass substrate, a color mosaic filter composed of a group of minute filters of red, green and blue, and a transparent common electrode are formed. An alignment film is formed on the transparent pixel electrode and the transparent common electrode of each of the glass substrates. These alignment films are formed by, for example, applying a polyvinyl alcohol or polyimide solution on each electrode by a spinner to form a coating film, and then performing rubbing and alignment treatment. The liquid crystal display device as described above irradiates the light of the backlight from the back side and applies an image signal voltage to each transparent pixel electrode via the TFT to control the light transmittance of the liquid crystal corresponding to each pixel. As a result, a color image is displayed.

[0003] In an IPS type liquid crystal display device and the like, the structure of the electrodes and the like are different, but they are the same in that the liquid crystal is injected into a gap formed between a pair of glass substrates.

[0004]

However, the above-mentioned conventional liquid crystal display device requires a step of injecting liquid crystal into a gap of a glass substrate, and this step requires a long time, and thus the manufacturing cost is high. Had. Specifically, although it depends on the size of the liquid crystal display device, for example, in a 10-inch liquid crystal display device, it takes about 2 hours to inject liquid crystal by vacuum degassing into a gap of about 5 μm, which is extremely manufacturing efficiency Was bad.

Further, since a pair of glass substrates (that is, two glass substrates) is used, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the weight. This problem is a major drawback particularly when the liquid crystal display device is applied to portable equipment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, the present invention provides a liquid crystal device and a liquid crystal display device which do not require a liquid crystal injecting step, can simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the manufacturing cost, and provide a method for manufacturing these. The purpose is. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device which can be easily reduced in weight and is suitable for application to portable equipment.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a first invention relating to a liquid crystal display device comprises at least
A substrate on which a pixel electrode, a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and an alignment film are formed; a resin film formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure; and a substrate between the substrate and the resin film. What liquid crystal display device der having a sealed liquid crystal layer, and the resin film and the liquid crystal layer
Is a mixture containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal.
Be formed by phase separation on a plate
It is characterized by.

In this configuration, since liquid crystal is sealed between one substrate and the resin film, the weight is reduced as compared with a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of substrates. To do
it can. Therefore, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention
The adaptability as a display device is high.

A second invention according to a liquid crystal display device is the first invention.
The liquid crystal display device according to the invention is characterized in that a support member formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure is provided between the substrate and the resin film.

With this configuration, the distance between the substrate and the resin film, that is, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer can be easily kept constant, and a liquid crystal display device with less display unevenness can be obtained.

The third invention relating to the liquid crystal display device has a small number.
At least a pixel electrode, a switch connected to the pixel electrode
A substrate on which an alignment element and an alignment film are formed, a resin film,
Supports the resin film between the substrate and the resin film
Between the substrate and the resin film,
A liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer sealed to
The resin film and the support member are integrally formed.
It is characterized by that. In this third invention,
A separated support member is formed between the substrate and the resin film.
Therefore, even if no spacer is provided, the distance between the substrate and the resin film
Is kept constant. Moreover, the support member is integrated with the resin film
The shape stability is good because it is formed. Accordingly
Therefore, according to the present invention, a liquid crystal display having a light weight and less display unevenness is provided.
A display device can be realized.

A fourth invention according to a liquid crystal display device is the first invention.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the third aspect ,
The resin film contains an acrylate-based substance.
ing. This makes it possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device having excellent transparency to light in the visible light range and capable of performing bright display.

A fifth or sixth aspect of the liquid crystal display device
Akira describes the liquid crystal display device according to the first to third inventions.
There are, the liquid crystal layer is a nematic liquid crystal, more specifically, is characterized in that it comprises a tolane nematic liquid crystal.

Thus, a liquid crystal display device which is inexpensive and has stable operation can be easily obtained.

A seventh invention according to a liquid crystal display device is the first invention.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the third aspect, the resin film is formed by exposing the molecules of the photosensitive prepolymer to polarized light.
Ri together are formed by polymerizing and curing so as to have a directional, it is characterized in that a counter electrode is formed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal layer of the resin film.

As a result, a lightweight twisted nematic mode or homeotropic mode liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

An eighth invention according to a liquid crystal display device has a seventh aspect.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the invention , a color filter is further provided on a side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer.

Thus, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode which is lightweight and capable of color display.

A ninth aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the invention, the counter electrode is formed of a transparent conductive film, and the counter electrode is provided between the resin film and the color filter or on the side of the color filter opposite to the resin film. It is characterized by being provided in.

As a result, a light-transmitting liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode capable of color display can be obtained.

A tenth aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the eighth aspect, the counter electrode is formed of a material that reflects light, and the color filter is provided between the resin film and the counter electrode. I have.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a reflection type liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode, which is lightweight and capable of color display.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising :
In the liquid crystal display devices according to the first to third inventions, the substrate is further provided with a common electrode (counter electrode).

Thus, a lightweight in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device can be obtained.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising :
An eleventh aspect of the invention is directed to the liquid crystal display device, wherein the resin film is formed by polymerizing and curing the molecules of the photosensitive prepolymer so as to have directionality by exposure to polarized light .

Thus, the resin film has an alignment function of giving a predetermined tilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules in the vicinity of the resin film, so that the stability of the alignment state of the liquid crystal is improved, the weight is reduced, and
An in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device having good display characteristics can be obtained.

A thirteenth aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the eleventh aspect , a color filter is further provided on a side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer.

Thus, it is possible to obtain an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight and capable of color display.

A fourteenth aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
In the liquid crystal display device according to the thirteenth aspect, further, an electrode formed of a transparent conductive film is provided between the resin film and the color filter or on a side of the color filter opposite to the resin film. It is characterized by.

This makes it possible to provide a light-weight and color display, and even if the resin film is thin, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is hardly affected by static electricity. Therefore, an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device having excellent alignment stability. Can be obtained.

A fifteenth aspect of the invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
The liquid crystal display device according to the thirteenth aspect, is characterized in that an electrode made of a material that reflects light is provided on a side of the color filter opposite to the resin film.

As a result, it is possible to obtain an in-plane switching type reflection type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight and capable of color display.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The present invention provides a substrate on which a pixel electrode, a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and an alignment film are formed, a resin film formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure, and the substrate and the resin film. Forming a pixel electrode, the switching element, and the alignment film on the substrate; and forming a photosensitive layer on the substrate. Forming a mixture film containing a reactive prepolymer and liquid crystal, exposing the mixture film with light of a first wavelength from the side opposite to the substrate to deposit a photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film Let
A resin film forming step of forming a resin film on the surface of the mixture film by polymerization and curing.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is deposited to form a resin film, and a liquid crystal layer is formed by the remaining liquid crystal, which requires a long liquid crystal injection step. A liquid crystal layer can be formed without the need for a liquid crystal layer, which simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces the manufacturing cost. In addition, since the liquid crystal is sealed between one substrate and the resin film, a pair of liquid crystal layers can be formed. Lightening can be easily achieved as compared with a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sealed between substrates.

The seventeenth aspect of the liquid crystal display device manufacturing method is as follows.
The invention is directed to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the sixteenth invention.
In the resin film forming step, a predetermined amount of the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is deposited to form a resin film, and further, a predetermined region in the mixture film is formed at a second wavelength. Selectively exposing with light, polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film, and forming a support member forming step of forming a support member between the substrate and the resin film in the region. It is characterized by having.

Thus, the supporting member can be formed by the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film, so that the manufacturing process can be simplified and the distance between the substrate and the resin film, that is, the liquid crystal layer can be formed. A liquid crystal display device having a constant thickness can be easily manufactured.

Eighteenth aspect of the liquid crystal display device manufacturing method
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the seventeenth invention.
In the supporting member forming step, a predetermined amount of the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is deposited to form a supporting member, and further, the mixture film is formed from the side of the resin film. An inner surface resin film which is exposed to light having a wavelength of 3 to precipitate and cure the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film to form an inner resin film on the substrate side of the resin film. It is characterized by having a forming step.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is deposited to form an inner resin film, and the remaining liquid crystal forms a liquid crystal layer, thereby increasing the purity of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer. Can be easily done.

The nineteenth method according to the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is described below.
The twentieth invention relates to the sixteenth to eighteenth inventions
In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, the photosensitive prepolymer contains a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer, more specifically, an acrylate-based substance.

This makes it possible to easily polymerize and cure the photosensitive prepolymer by exposing the mixture film to form a resin film and the like, and to provide a liquid crystal display device having excellent transparency to visible light. Can be manufactured.

A twenty-first method according to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is described.
The twenty-second invention relates to the sixteenth to eighteenth inventions
In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device , the liquid crystal includes a nematic liquid crystal, and more specifically, a trans nematic liquid crystal.

Thus, the photosensitive prepolymer and the liquid crystal can be easily phase-separated by the exposure of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be easily deposited to form a resin film or the like. In addition, a liquid crystal display device with stable operation can be easily manufactured.

The twenty-third embodiment of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is as follows.
The 25th invention relates to the 16th to 18th inventions.
In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to
Further, a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer of a photosensitive prepolymer, for example, a benzoyl-based substance, more specifically, 2,2
It is characterized by including 2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one.

Thus, the polymerization and curing of the photosensitive prepolymer can be efficiently performed, so that the curing speed of the photosensitive prepolymer can be increased and the manufacturing process can be further simplified.

A twenty-sixth method according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is described below.
The invention provides a liquid crystal display device according to the sixteenth to eighteenth aspects.
In the method for manufacturing a device, the step of forming the resin film is performed by exposing the mixed film to light having the first wavelength under conditions of reciprocity failure.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and hardened near the surface of the mixture film which absorbs the most light, and the photosensitive polymer is deposited under the condition of reciprocity failure to form the mixture film. It is easy to selectively form a resin film on the surface.

The twenty-seventh method according to the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is described below.
The twenty-eighth invention relates to the sixteenth to eighteenth inventions.
In the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, light having a wavelength in an absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used as the first wavelength light, and more specifically, the photosensitive prepolymer is a polyester. It contains an acrylate-based substance and has a wavelength of 2 as the light of the first wavelength.
It is characterized by using a deep ultraviolet ray of 54 nm.

As a result, the irradiated light is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be polymerized and cured, so that a resin film is selectively formed on the surface of the mixture film. Can be more easily performed, and the thickness of the resin film can be easily controlled with high accuracy.

The twenty-ninth method according to the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention provides a liquid crystal display device according to the seventeenth or eighteenth invention.
In the manufacturing method of the device, the resin film forming step is performed by exposing the mixture film to light of the first wavelength under conditions of reciprocity failure, and the supporting member forming step includes removing the mixture film. It is characterized in that exposure is performed by light of the second wavelength under conditions of reciprocity.

Thus, when the light of the first wavelength is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity failure, the photosensitive polymer precipitates near the surface of the mixture film and is easily polymerized and cured. When the second light is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity, the photosensitive polymer is easily polymerized and hardened to the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, and the resin film is easily formed. The supporting member can be easily and reliably formed between the film and the substrate.

A thirtieth embodiment according to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.
The invention provides a liquid crystal display device according to the seventeenth or eighteenth invention.
In the method for producing a device, light having a wavelength lower than the light having the first wavelength is used as the light having the second wavelength as the light having the second wavelength.

Thus, the irradiated light having the first wavelength is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be polymerized and cured. Since the film can be formed more easily, and the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, a supporting member is formed between the resin film and the substrate. Can be easily done.

A thirty-first method according to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the eighteenth invention.
Wherein the resin film forming step is performed by exposing the mixture film to light of the first wavelength under the condition of reciprocity failure, and the supporting member forming step comprises subjecting the mixture film to a condition of reciprocity law. The exposure is performed by light of the second wavelength, and the inner surface side resin film forming step is performed by exposing the mixture film to light of the third wavelength under the condition of reciprocity failure. Features.

Thus, when the light of the first wavelength or the light of the third wavelength is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity failure, the photosensitive polymer precipitates near the surface of the mixture film and is easily polymerized and cured. A resin film or an inner resin film can be easily formed selectively on the surface of the mixture film, and the second resin film can be formed under the condition of reciprocity.
When the light is irradiated, the photosensitive polymer is easily polymerized and hardened to the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, and the support member can be easily and reliably formed between the resin film and the substrate. .

A thirty-second method according to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the eighteenth invention.
In the above , it is preferable that, as the light of the third wavelength, light having a light absorbance of the photosensitive prepolymer smaller than the light of the first wavelength and larger than the light of the second wavelength is used. Features.

Accordingly, the light of the first wavelength hardly passes through the mixture film and is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film. Therefore, it is necessary to selectively form the resin film on the surface of the mixture film. And the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate, so that it is easy to reliably form the support member between the resin film and the substrate. The light of the third wavelength is relatively easy to pass through the resin film already formed, but is easily absorbed near the substrate side of the resin film in the mixed film. Can be easily formed.

The thirty-third method according to the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.
A thirty-fourth invention is directed to the liquid crystal display device according to the eighteenth invention.
In the method for producing a prepolymer, the mixture film further contains a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer of the photosensitive prepolymer, and absorbs light of the first wavelength as light of the light absorption characteristic of the photosensitive prepolymer. Using light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength at the end of the region, exposing the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity failure,
Using the polymerization initiator or light having a wavelength longer than the absorption peak wavelength in the light absorption characteristics of the sensitizer as the light of the second wavelength, exposing the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity, As light having a wavelength, light having a wavelength between the wavelength of the absorption region end in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer and the absorption peak wavelength in the light absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer is used. The mixture film is exposed under the conditions described below, more specifically, the photosensitive prepolymer contains a polyester acrylate-based material, the liquid crystal contains a trans-nematic liquid crystal, and the mixed The body membrane further comprises 2,2-dimethoxy-
Including 1,2-diphenylethan-1-one;
Far-ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm is used as the light having the first wavelength, and light having a wavelength of 365 n is used as the light having the second wavelength.
m, and ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 313 nm is used as the light of the third wavelength.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength hardly passes through the mixture film, is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, and precipitates the photosensitive polymer under the condition of reciprocity failure to form the mixture. The resin film can be easily formed selectively on the surface of the film, and the light of the second wavelength can easily reach the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, and the resin film and the resin film are formed under the reciprocity condition. The support member can be easily and reliably formed between the substrate and the substrate, and the light of the third wavelength is relatively easily transmitted through the already formed resin film. Is easily absorbed in the vicinity of the substrate side, and the photosensitive polymer can be easily deposited under the condition of reciprocity failure to form the inner resin film on the substrate side of the resin film.

The thirty-fifth aspect of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device.
The invention provides a liquid crystal display device according to the sixteenth to eighteenth aspects.
The method of manufacturing a device further includes a counter electrode forming step of forming a counter electrode on the side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer.

As a result, a light-weight liquid crystal display device such as a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode can be manufactured.

The thirty-sixth method according to the method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-fifth invention.
In the above , the exposure with the light having the third wavelength in the inner surface side resin film forming step is performed through a polarizing plate.

Thus, a light-weight liquid crystal display device such as a twisted nematic mode can be manufactured.

The thirty-seventh aspect of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is as follows.
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-fifth invention.
In the above, the counter electrode forming step is a step of forming the counter electrode by forming a transparent conductive film on the side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer, and further, before or before the counter electrode forming step. And a step of forming a color filter on the resin film or the counter electrode later.

As a result, a light-transmitting liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode capable of color display can be manufactured.

The thirty-eighth method according to the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-fifth invention.
In the above, the counter electrode forming step is a step of forming the counter electrode by forming a light reflection film on a side of the resin film opposite to the liquid crystal layer, and further, before the counter electrode forming step. And a step of forming a color filter on the resin film.

Thus, a reflection type liquid crystal display device of a twisted nematic mode or a homeotropic mode capable of displaying a light color image can be manufactured.

A thirty-ninth method according to a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention provides a liquid crystal display device according to the sixteenth to eighteenth aspects.
The method of manufacturing a device further includes a step of forming a common electrode on the substrate.

Thus, a lightweight in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device can be manufactured.

The fortieth method according to the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device,
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-ninth invention.
In the above , the exposure with the light having the third wavelength in the inner surface side resin film forming step is performed through a polarizing plate.

As a result, the resin film has an alignment function of giving a predetermined tilt angle to the liquid crystal molecules near the resin film, so that the stability of the alignment state of the liquid crystal is improved, the weight is reduced, and
An in-plane switching liquid crystal display device having good display characteristics can be manufactured.

The forty-first aspect of the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is as follows.
The invention is a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the thirty-ninth invention.
And a color filter forming step of forming a color filter on the sealing film.

As a result, it is possible to manufacture a light-weight in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device capable of color display.

A forty-second liquid crystal display device manufacturing method
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the forty-first invention.
And a step of forming a transparent electrode on the resin film or on the color filter before or after the color filter forming step.

As a result, an in-plane switching type liquid crystal display device having excellent alignment stability can be obtained because the alignment of liquid crystal molecules is hardly affected by static electricity even when the resin film is thin, and the color display is light. Can be manufactured.

A forty-third liquid crystal display device manufacturing method
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to the forty-first invention.
And a step of forming a conductive light reflection film on the color filter.

Thus, it is possible to manufacture a light-weight in-plane switching type reflection type liquid crystal display device capable of color display.

According to a forty-fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device, wherein one of an image signal electrode and a scanning electrode, a substrate on which an alignment film is formed, and a photosensitive prepolymer are polymerized and cured by exposure. The liquid crystal display device further includes a resin film on which the other of the image signal electrode and the scanning electrode is formed, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate and the resin film.

Since the liquid crystal is sealed between one substrate and the resin film, the weight can be easily reduced as compared with a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of substrates. Thus, a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device suitable for application to portable equipment can be obtained.

The forty-fifth invention according to the liquid crystal display device has an image
One of the elementary signal electrode and the scanning electrode, and
A substrate on which a film is formed, the image signal electrode and the scanning electrode
A resin film on which the other of
A partition-like support that supports the resin film between the resin film
Holding member, liquid sealed between the substrate and the resin film
A liquid crystal display device comprising:
The support member and the support member are integrally formed.
And In this configuration, a wall is separated between the substrate and the resin film.
Do not place spacers because the support
At least, the distance between the substrate and the resin film is kept constant. But
Thus, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight and has less display unevenness.
Shape is stable because the holding member is formed integrally with the resin film
Good nature.

A forty-sixth invention relating to a liquid crystal display device is a
44. In the liquid crystal display device of 44 or 45,
On the resin film side of the second electrode or on the side opposite to the resin film
Color filters are characterized in that provided in
You. Thus, a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device which is lightweight and capable of color display can be obtained.

The forty-seventh aspect of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal device, comprising : a substrate on which an alignment film is formed; a resin film formed by polymerization and curing of a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure; the liquid crystal device der having a liquid crystal layer sealed,
Therefore, the resin film and the liquid crystal layer are formed of a photosensitive prepolymer.
Liquid and liquid crystal phase-separate on the substrate
Characterized in that it is formed by:

Thus, between one substrate and the resin film
Since the liquid crystal is sealed, the liquid crystal is sealed between the pair of substrates.
It is easier to reduce the weight compared to a stopped liquid crystal device.
I can .

The invention according to claim 48 relating to the liquid crystal device is characterized in that
The liquid crystal device according to the forty-seventh aspect, further comprising a support member formed by polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer by exposure between the substrate and the resin film. This allows the substrate and resin film to
It is easy to keep the spacing, that is, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, constant
it can.

A forty-ninth aspect of the present invention relates to a liquid crystal device,
Formed with a substrate, a resin film, the substrate and the resin film
And a partition-like support member for supporting the resin film
And a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate and the resin film
Wherein the resin film and the support
The member is formed integrally .
In this configuration, a separated support member is provided between the substrate and the resin film.
Is formed, so that no
The distance from the resin film is kept constant. Therefore, this departure
According to Ming, productivity of liquid crystal devices with light weight and good shape stability
Can provide well.

The fiftieth invention relating to the liquid crystal device is a forty-seventh invention.
In the liquid crystal device according to the thirty-ninth aspect , a transparent electrode is further formed on each of the substrate and the resin film.

As a result, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal device in which the voltage applied to the transparent electrode is controlled to control the light transmittance.

The fifty-first invention relating to the liquid crystal device is a forty-seventh invention.
In the liquid crystal device according to the fiftieth aspect, the resin film is formed by polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer so that molecules of the photosensitive prepolymer have directionality by exposure to polarized light . .

Thus, the resin film has an alignment function of giving a predetermined tilt angle to liquid crystal molecules near the resin film, so that a stable alignment state of the liquid crystal can be easily obtained.

A fifty-second invention relating to a liquid crystal device is directed to a forty-seventh invention.
In the liquid crystal device according to the fiftieth aspect, the resin film contains an acrylate-based material.

As a result, a liquid crystal device having excellent transparency to light in the visible light range can be obtained.

The 53rd or 54th aspect of the liquid crystal device
Akira describes a liquid crystal device according to the forty-seventh to fifty-fifth inventions.
There are, the liquid crystal layer is a nematic liquid crystal, more specifically, is characterized in that it comprises a tolane nematic liquid crystal.

As a result, an inexpensive and stable operation liquid crystal device can be easily obtained.

A fifty-fifth invention according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
A liquid crystal device comprising a substrate having an alignment film is formed, a resin film photosensitive prepolymer is formed by polymerizing cured by exposure, and a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate and the resin film Forming a mixture film containing a photosensitive prepolymer and a liquid crystal on the substrate on which the alignment film is formed; and forming the mixture film at a first wavelength from the side opposite to the substrate. And a polymer film forming step of forming a resin film on the surface of the mixture film by subjecting the mixture to light exposure to precipitate a photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film, polymerizing and curing the same.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is deposited to form a resin film, and a liquid crystal layer is formed by the remaining liquid crystal. Therefore, a time-consuming liquid crystal injection step is required. A liquid crystal layer can be formed without the need for a liquid crystal layer, which simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces the manufacturing cost. In addition, since the liquid crystal is sealed between one substrate and the resin film, a pair of liquid crystal layers can be formed. Lightening can be easily achieved as compared with a liquid crystal device in which liquid crystal is sealed between substrates.

A fifty-sixth aspect according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
Is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the fifty-fifth invention.
In the resin film forming step, a predetermined amount of the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is precipitated to form a resin film, and further, a predetermined region in the mixture film has a second wavelength. Selectively exposing with light, polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film, and forming a support member forming step of forming a support member between the substrate and the resin film in the region. It is characterized by having.

Thus, the supporting member can be formed by the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film, so that the manufacturing process can be simplified and the distance between the substrate and the resin film, that is, the liquid crystal layer can be formed. A liquid crystal device having a constant thickness can be easily manufactured.

A fifty-seventh invention according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
Is a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the fifty-sixth invention.
In the supporting member forming step, the supporting member is formed by precipitating a predetermined amount of the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixed film, and further, the mixed film is formed from the resin film side. An inner surface resin film which is exposed to light having a wavelength of 3 to precipitate and cure the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film to form an inner resin film on the substrate side of the resin film. It is characterized by having a forming step.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer remaining in the mixture film is deposited to form an inner resin film, and the remaining liquid crystal forms a liquid crystal layer, thereby increasing the purity of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer. Can be easily done.

The fifty-eighth or fifty-eighth method according to the liquid crystal device manufacturing method,
A fifty-ninth invention is directed to a liquid according to the fifty-fifth to fifty-seventh inventions.
In the method for manufacturing a crystal apparatus, the photosensitive prepolymer contains a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer, more specifically, an acrylate-based substance.

Thus, a liquid crystal device having excellent transparency with respect to light in the visible light region can be formed while easily polymerizing and curing the photosensitive prepolymer by exposure of the mixture film to form a resin film. Can be manufactured.

The 60th or the 60th method according to the method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device,
A sixty-first invention is a liquid according to the fifty-fifth to fifty-seventh inventions.
In the method of manufacturing a crystal device , the liquid crystal includes a nematic liquid crystal, and more specifically, a trans nematic liquid crystal.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer and the liquid crystal are easily phase-separated by the exposure of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be easily deposited to form a resin film or the like. A liquid crystal device with stable operation can be easily manufactured.

The 62nd to 62nd liquid crystal device manufacturing methods
A sixty-fourth invention is directed to a liquid according to the fifty-fifth to fifty-seventh inventions.
In the method for manufacturing a crystallographic apparatus, the mixed film further comprises:
It is characterized by containing a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer of a photosensitive prepolymer, for example, a benzoyl-based substance, more specifically, 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one.

Thus, the polymerization and curing of the photosensitive prepolymer can be efficiently performed, so that the curing speed of the photosensitive prepolymer can be increased and the manufacturing process can be further simplified.

A 65th invention according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device
Is a manufacture of the liquid crystal device according to the fifty-fifth to fifty-seventh inventions.
In the method, the step of forming the resin film is performed by exposing the mixture film to light having the first wavelength under conditions of reciprocity failure.

As a result, the photosensitive prepolymer is easily polymerized and hardened near the surface of the mixture film that absorbs the most light, and the photosensitive polymer is deposited under the condition of reciprocity failure to form the mixture film. It is easy to selectively form a resin film on the surface.

The sixty-sixth aspect related to the liquid crystal device manufacturing method,
A sixty-seventh invention is directed to a liquid according to the fifty-fifth to fifty-seventh inventions.
In the method for manufacturing a crystallographic apparatus, as the light of the first wavelength, light of a wavelength in an absorption region in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer is used. More specifically, the photosensitive prepolymer is a polyester acrylate-based And the light of the first wavelength has a wavelength of 254n.
m is used.

As a result, the irradiated light is absorbed almost in the vicinity of the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be polymerized and cured, so that a resin film is selectively formed on the surface of the mixture film. Can be more easily performed, and the thickness of the resin film can be easily controlled with high accuracy.

A 68th invention according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
Is a manufacture of the liquid crystal device according to the fifty-sixth or fifty-seventh invention.
In the method, the resin film forming step is performed by exposing the mixture film to light having the first wavelength under conditions of reciprocity failure, and the supporting member forming step includes reciprocating the mixture film according to a reciprocity law. It is characterized in that the exposure is carried out by exposure to light of the second wavelength under the conditions.

Thus, when the light of the first wavelength is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity failure, the photosensitive polymer precipitates near the surface of the mixture film and is easily polymerized and cured. When the second light is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity, the photosensitive polymer is easily polymerized and hardened to the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, and the resin film is easily formed. The supporting member can be easily and reliably formed between the film and the substrate.

A 69th invention according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
Is a manufacture of the liquid crystal device according to the fifty-sixth or fifty-seventh invention.
The method is characterized in that, as the light having the second wavelength, light having a light absorbance of the photosensitive prepolymer smaller than that of the light having the first wavelength is used.

As a result, the irradiated light of the first wavelength is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, and the photosensitive prepolymer can be polymerized and cured. Since the film can be formed more easily, and the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, a supporting member is formed between the resin film and the substrate. Can be easily done.

Seventy-Seventh Invention Related to a Method for Manufacturing a Liquid Crystal Device
Is a liquid crystal device manufacturing method according to a fifty-seventh aspect.
Te, the resin film forming step is carried out by exposing in a light of the first wavelength condition reciprocity failure the mixture film, the support member forming step, the conditions of reciprocity the mixture film By exposing with light of the second wavelength,
The inner surface side resin film forming step is characterized in that the mixture film is exposed to light of the third wavelength under conditions of reciprocity failure.

Accordingly, when the light of the first wavelength or the light of the third wavelength is irradiated under the condition of reciprocity failure, the photosensitive polymer precipitates near the surface of the mixture film and is easily polymerized and cured. A resin film or an inner resin film can be easily formed selectively on the surface of the mixture film, and the second resin film can be formed under the condition of reciprocity.
When the light is irradiated, the photosensitive polymer is easily polymerized and hardened to the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, and the support member can be easily and reliably formed between the resin film and the substrate. .

A seventy-first invention according to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
Is a liquid crystal device manufacturing method according to a fifty-seventh aspect.
Te, as light of said third wavelength, the absorbance of the photosensitive prepolymer is smaller than the light of the first wavelength, and the use of large wavelengths than the light of the second wavelength Features.

Thus, the light of the first wavelength hardly permeates the mixture film and is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, so that the resin film can be selectively formed on the surface of the mixture film. And the light of the second wavelength easily reaches the portion of the mixture film near the substrate, so that it is easy to reliably form the support member between the resin film and the substrate. The light of the third wavelength is relatively easy to pass through the resin film already formed, but is easily absorbed near the substrate side of the resin film in the mixed film. Can be easily formed.

A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to claim 72.
Alternatively, the invention of claim 73 is a liquid crystal device according to the fifty-seventh invention.
In the method for producing a prepolymer, the mixture film further contains a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer of the photosensitive prepolymer, and absorbs light of the first wavelength as light of the light absorption characteristic of the photosensitive prepolymer. Using light having a wavelength shorter than the wavelength at the end of the region, exposing the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity failure,
Using the polymerization initiator or light having a wavelength longer than the absorption peak wavelength in the light absorption characteristics of the sensitizer as the light of the second wavelength, exposing the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity, As light having a wavelength, light having a wavelength between the wavelength of the absorption region end in the light absorption characteristics of the photosensitive prepolymer and the absorption peak wavelength in the light absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator or the sensitizer is used. The mixture film is exposed under the conditions described below, more specifically, the photosensitive prepolymer contains a polyester acrylate-based material, the liquid crystal contains a trans-nematic liquid crystal, and the mixed The body membrane further comprises 2,2-dimethoxy-
Including 1,2-diphenylethan-1-one;
Far-ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 254 nm is used as the light having the first wavelength, and light having a wavelength of 365 n is used as the light having the second wavelength.
m, and ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 313 nm is used as the light of the third wavelength.

As a result, the light of the first wavelength hardly passes through the mixture film, is almost absorbed near the surface of the mixture film, and precipitates the photosensitive polymer under the condition of reciprocity failure to form the mixture. The resin film can be easily formed selectively on the surface of the film, and the light of the second wavelength can easily reach the portion near the substrate in the mixed film, and the resin film and the resin film are formed under the reciprocity condition. The support member can be easily and reliably formed between the substrate and the substrate, and the light of the third wavelength is relatively easily transmitted through the already formed resin film. Is easily absorbed in the vicinity of the substrate side, and the photosensitive polymer can be easily deposited under the condition of reciprocity failure to form the inner resin film on the substrate side of the resin film.

The method according to claim 74, which relates to a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal device.
The invention provides a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal device according to the fifty-seventh invention.
The exposure with the light of the third wavelength in the inner surface side resin film forming step is performed through a polarizing plate.

Thus, since the inner resin film has an alignment function of giving a predetermined tilt angle to liquid crystal molecules near the resin film, a stable alignment state of the liquid crystal can be easily obtained.

[0121]

(Embodiment 1) Embodiment 1 of the present invention relates to a thin film transistor (TF).
An example of a transmission type twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal display device driven by T) will be described.

This liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG.
On a glass substrate 21, a partition-like support member 22 and a film-like resin film 23 supported by the support member 22 and having a film thickness of about 1.2 μm are provided. Liquid crystal layer 24 with liquid crystal sealed between
Is formed. On the glass substrate 21, a thin film transistor (TFT) array 25, a pixel electrode 2 made of a transparent conductive film of indium tin oxide (ITO),
6, and an alignment film 27 are formed. Further, on the resin film 23, an I sheet having a sheet resistance of 100 to 50 ohms / square
A counter electrode 28 made of a transparent conductive film of TO and a color mosaic filter 29 composed of a group of fine filters of red, green and blue are provided. Further, the glass substrate 21,
Polarizing plates 30, 30 are provided on the outer side of the color mosaic filter 29, respectively.

The support member 22 and the resin film 23 are formed by polymerizing and curing a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer, which is a photosensitive prepolymer, by irradiation with ultraviolet rays. More specifically, the resin film 23 is formed of a first resin film 23a and a second
Resin film 23b. Second resin film 2
When irradiating ultraviolet rays for forming 3b, ultraviolet rays polarized in a predetermined direction are used, so that the liquid crystal molecules are twisted by 90 ° between the glass substrate 21 and the resin film 23.
An N-type liquid crystal display device is configured.

Next, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device will be described.

(1) As shown in FIG. 2A, a thin film transistor array 25 and a pixel electrode 26 are formed on a glass substrate 21.

(2) As shown in FIG. 2 (b), a polyimide resin for an alignment film is applied in a thickness of about 100 nm using a spinner, and is cured by heating at 250 ° C. for about 20 minutes. The alignment film 27 is formed by rubbing in the direction.

(3) As shown in FIG. 2C, a liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 is applied to a thickness of about 6 μm over the entire surface of the alignment film 27 using a spinner. The liquid crystal-dispersed prepolymer 31 is, specifically, a photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer that is a photosensitive prepolymer, a polymerization initiator or a sensitizer that improves the reactivity of the photopolymerizable monomer or oligomer, and a nematic liquid crystal. Are mixed. More specifically, for example, (a) polyfunctional polyester acrylate (Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.): 20%, (b) Irgacure 651 (Ciba Geigy): 2
%, (Benzoyl-based 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one) (c) Tolan-based nematic liquid crystal (KT450: manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.): 78% . In addition, the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 3
The material 1 and the mixing ratio are not limited to those described above. For example, the mixing ratio of the polyfunctional polyester acrylate may be set according to the thickness of the resin film 23 to be formed. Further, depending on the mixing ratio and the like, a homogeneous mixture may be used even if the liquid crystal is not necessarily dispersed in the mixture.

Here, the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31 was used.
Indicates, for example, visible / ultraviolet spectral absorption characteristics (absorption characteristics) as shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 has an absorption region where the absorbance is extremely large for light having a wavelength of about 300 nm or less. In addition, in the same figure, the solid line and the broken line show the light absorption characteristics before and after polymerization, respectively.

(4) Next, as shown in FIG.
The wavelength is 2 over the entire surface of the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31.
The first light having a wavelength of 54 nm and an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm ² is 3
The first resin having a film thickness of about 0.5 μm is exposed by exposing about 100 mJ / cm ² to polymerize and cure about 50% of the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 near the surface of the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31. The film 23a is formed.

Here, the wavelength of the first light (254n
m) is located on the shorter wavelength side than the absorption region end in the light absorption characteristics of the polyfunctional polyester acrylate-based material,
Hardly transmits through the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31,
It is absorbed near its surface. Since the first light has a very low intensity (the condition of reciprocity failure), the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 3
The polyester acrylate in 1 is phase separated and precipitated,
The first resin film 23 is fixed by polymerization and curing as described above.
a is formed.

(5) Next, a photomask 51 having a grid-like gap 51a of about 5 μm corresponding to the position where the support member 22 is to be formed is applied to the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 as shown in FIG. In a state where the film thickness of the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31 is made uniform by superimposing and pressing, the film is exposed to a second light having a wavelength of 365 nm and a sufficiently large intensity (condition of reciprocity law). The support member 22 is formed at the position of the gap 51a of the mask 51.

The wavelength of the second light (365 nm) is longer than the absorption peak wavelength (335 nm) in the absorption characteristics of the polymerization initiator (2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one). Since the second light is easily transmitted through the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31, the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 spreads in the thickness direction, that is, from the alignment film 27 to the first resin film 23 a. Polymerized and cured until the partitioning support member 2
2 are formed. In addition, since the intensity of the second light is high, the polymerization is performed in a relatively short time. If the polymerization is performed in such a short time, the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31 is maintained in a dispersed state on the support member 22, but does not particularly affect the display operation of the liquid crystal display device.

Note that, instead of the photomask 51 having the lattice-shaped gap 51a, a columnar support member may be formed using a photomask having a plurality of openings each having a size of several μm, for example.

(6) Further, as shown in FIG. 3F, the wavelength is 313 nm and the intensity is 0.5 mW over the entire surface of the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31 via the polarizing plate 52.
/ Third light cm ^2, and exposure of about 1000 mJ / cm ^2, the glass substrate 21 side of the first resin film 23a, with the membrane thickness to form a second resin film 23b of about 0.7μm The liquid crystal layer 24 is formed by the liquid crystal remaining in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31.

The wavelength of the third light (313 nm) is located between the absorption peak wavelength in the light absorption characteristic of the polymerization initiator and the end of the absorption region in the light absorption characteristic of the polyester acrylate photopolymerizable substance. The third light is the first resin film 23a (polymerized and cured polyester acrylate).
While the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31
Since (uncured polyester acrylate) does not transmit much, it is absorbed near the surface of the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31. Further, since the third light has a very low intensity similarly to the first light (the condition of reciprocity failure), the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 undergoes phase separation to form the first resin film 23a. Precipitated near the lower surface, polymerized and cured,
The second resin film 23b is formed as described above. Also,
The liquid crystal layer 24 is in a state in which relatively high purity liquid crystal is sealed between the alignment film 27 and the second resin film 23b because all of the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 is precipitated.

Here, when the above exposure is performed through the polarizing plate 52, the molecules of the polyester acrylate are polymerized in a directional manner, so that the second resin film 23b is
It has a function as an alignment film that aligns liquid crystal molecules near the surface in the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 52. Therefore, by setting the polarization direction of the polarizing plate 52 to a direction making an angle of, for example, 90 ° with the rubbing direction of the alignment film 27, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules between the alignment film 27 and the resin film 23 becomes 90 °. ° A twisted TN liquid crystal cell structure is formed.

As described above, in the case where a prepolymer having a high transmittance of light having a predetermined wavelength after polymerization and curing is used, the second resin film 23b can be formed particularly efficiently. Even when a material whose transmittance does not change much before and after polymerization is used, if the third light is irradiated to a certain degree with light having a wavelength that can transmit through the first resin film 23a, the second light is similarly formed. The resin film 23b can be formed.

(7) Next, as shown in FIG.
A transparent conductive film of ITO (sheet resistance 100
To 50 ohms / square) to form a counter electrode 28,
Further, a red, green and blue color mosaic filter 29 is formed on the counter electrode 28 by a known method. The color mosaic filter 29 may be formed on the resin film 23, and the counter electrode 28 may be formed on the color mosaic filter 29.

(8) In this state, the polarizing plate 3 is provided outside the glass substrate 21 and the color mosaic filter 29.
By providing 0 and 30, the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.

The second resin film 23b as described above
Is not necessarily formed, but by forming this, it is easy to precipitate the polyester acrylate remaining in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 and increase the purity of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 24. it can.

After forming the supporting member 22 first,
Although a resin film may be formed, it is usually easier to suppress the unevenness of the resin film by forming the resin film first as described above. When the steps (4) and (5) are performed in reverse order, the mask alignment in the step (5) needs to be performed by proximity exposure or projection exposure.

Further, instead of forming the support member 22 by polymerizing and curing the polyester acrylate in the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31 as described above, a known printing method is applied before the application of the liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 31. Alternatively, it may be formed by lithography, exposure and development of a resist, or the like. In this case, of course, the step (5) becomes unnecessary.

Further, when the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 24 is kept constant by another spacer or the like, it is not always necessary to form the support member 22 as described above.

Before or instead of exposing the liquid crystal-dispersed prepolymer 31, the surface of the liquid-crystal-dispersed prepolymer 31 is brought into contact with a substance that promotes the polymerization of the prepolymer, such as an amine activator. A film may be formed.

In the case where a liquid crystal display device of a homeotropic alignment mode instead of the TN mode is formed, the exposure with polarized light may not be performed when the second resin film 23b is formed.

(Embodiment 2) In Embodiment 1 described above, an example was described in which a transmission type TN type liquid crystal display device was formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. Color mosaic filter 29
Is formed on the color mosaic filter 29, as a counter electrode, metal aluminum as a main component (for example, 98% of aluminum and 2% of silicon).
By depositing and forming a reflective film 41 of about μm,
A reflective TN liquid crystal display device can be configured.
In addition, in order to configure a reflective TN liquid crystal display device, a reflective film may be used as the pixel electrode 26, or a reflective film may be formed on the outer side of the glass substrate 21.

(Embodiment 3) As shown in FIG. 6, a pixel electrode 42 and a common electrode (counter electrode) 43 are provided on a glass substrate 21 to form a transmissive in-plane switching (IPS) liquid crystal display device. May be configured. In this case, the second resin film 23b does not necessarily have to have an alignment function by exposure to polarized light as described above, but by having the alignment function, the IPS type film having excellent alignment stability of liquid crystal molecules can be obtained. Can be obtained. The alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is determined by the pixel electrode 42.
Is controlled by an electric field formed between the first electrode and the common electrode 43, and thus the counter electrode 2 is formed on the surface of the resin film 23 as described above.
It is not necessary to provide the transparent electrode 44 having a sheet resistance of about 100 to 50 ohms / square on the color mosaic filter 29 or the resin film 23 by vapor deposition or the like. Even if the film 23 is thin, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is hardly affected by static electricity, and an IPS type liquid crystal display device with excellent orientation stability can be obtained.

(Embodiment 4) If a reflective film 41 similar to that of Embodiment 2 is provided as shown in FIG. 7 instead of the transparent electrode 44 of Embodiment 3, a reflective IPS liquid crystal display The device can be configured.

In the first to fourth embodiments,
Although the example of the liquid crystal display device driven by the TFT has been described, the invention is not limited thereto. Scanning signal lines and image signal lines are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal layer 24, that is, on the glass substrate 21 and the resin film 23, A liquid crystal display device driven by a simple matrix may be configured. Further, a monochrome liquid crystal display device may be configured without providing the color mosaic filter 29.

Embodiment Mode 5 A description will be given of a liquid crystal device in which the orientation of liquid crystal is uniformly controlled over the entire surface of the substrate and which is applied to blind glass having a light control function, a liquid crystal shutter, and the like.

In this liquid crystal device, as shown in FIG. 8, between a pair of glass substrates 21, 61, a control electrode 62 over the entire surface of the glass substrate 21, the alignment film 27, the liquid crystal layer 24, A resin film 23 and a counter electrode 28 formed in the same manner as described above are provided. On the other hand, although the support member 22 as in the first embodiment is not provided, the liquid crystal is sealed by the seal member in the peripheral portions (not shown) of the glass substrates 21 and 61, and the gap between the glass substrates 21 and 61 is reduced. It is kept constant.

Next, a method of manufacturing the above-described liquid crystal device will be described.

(11) By the same process as the formation of the pixel electrode 26 in the first embodiment,
A control electrode 62 made of an ITO film is formed over the entire surface.

(12) An alignment film 27 is formed in the same manner as in (2) of the first embodiment.

(13) The liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31 is applied to the surface of the alignment film 27 in the same manner as in (3) of the first embodiment.

(14) In the same manner as in (4) of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal-dispersed prepolymer 31 is irradiated with the first light having a wavelength of 254 nm and an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm ² by 300 mJ / cm ² .
The first resin film 23a is formed by exposing to about ² cm ² .

(15) In the same manner as in (6) of the first embodiment, the liquid crystal-dispersed prepolymer 31 is irradiated with a third light having a wavelength of 313 nm and an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm ² by 1000 mJ.
/ Cm ² to form a second resin film 23b, and form a liquid crystal layer 24 from liquid crystal remaining in the liquid crystal dispersed prepolymer 31. As described above, since the liquid crystal layer 24 can be formed without injecting liquid crystal,
In particular, a large area liquid crystal device such as blind glass can be easily manufactured.

(16) The counter electrode 28 is formed in the same manner as (7) of the first embodiment.

(17) The glass substrate 6 on the counter electrode 28
Paste 1 together.

(18) By providing the polarizing plates 30, 30 on both sides of the glass substrates 21, 61, the liquid crystal device shown in FIG. 8 is obtained.

In the fifth embodiment, the support member 22 may be provided as in the first embodiment. In this case, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 24 can be easily kept constant without providing the glass substrate 61.

In place of the glass substrate 61, a protective film or a resin substrate may be provided, or the resin film 23 may be formed to a thickness having sufficient strength and rigidity.

In the case where the alignment of the liquid crystal is controlled not by an electric field but by light, temperature, etc.,
It is not necessary to provide the control electrode 62 and the counter electrode 28.

[0164]

The present invention is embodied in the form described above and has the following effects.

That is, the mixture film containing the photosensitive prepolymer and the liquid crystal is exposed to light, the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film is precipitated, polymerized and cured, and a resin film is formed on the surface of the mixture film. At the same time, by forming a liquid crystal layer between the substrate and the resin film using the liquid crystal remaining after the photosensitive prepolymer is deposited, the liquid crystal layer can be formed without the necessity of a liquid crystal injection step. A liquid crystal device in which liquid crystal is sealed between a single substrate and a resin film because the process can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the liquid crystal is sealed between a pair of substrates. And an effect that the weight can be easily reduced as compared with the liquid crystal display device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a transmissive TN liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the visibility of the liquid crystal-dispersed prepolymer of Embodiment 1;
4 is a graph showing ultraviolet spectral absorption characteristics.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a reflective TN liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a configuration of a transmission type IPS type liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a configuration of a reflection type IPS type liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a configuration of a liquid crystal device according to a fifth embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 21, 61 Glass substrate 22 Support member 23 Resin film 23a First resin film 23b Second resin film 24 Liquid crystal layer 25 Thin film transistor array 26 Pixel electrode 27 Alignment film 28 Counter electrode 29 Color mosaic filter 30 Polarizer 31 Liquid crystal dispersion prepolymer 41 Reflective film 42 Pixel electrode 43 Common electrode (counter electrode) 44 Transparent electrode 51 Photomask 51a Gap 52 Polarizer 61 Glass substrate 62 Control electrode

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02F 1/1333 505 G02F 1/1335 505

Claims (20)

(57) [Claims] 1. A substrate on which at least a pixel electrode, a switching element connected to the pixel electrode, and an alignment film are formed; a resin film formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure; And a liquid crystal layer sealed between the resin film and the liquid crystal display device, wherein the resin film and the liquid crystal layer are formed by mixing a liquid mixture containing a photosensitive prepolymer and liquid crystal on the substrate. A liquid crystal display device formed by phase separation in the above. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising a support member formed by polymerizing and curing a photosensitive prepolymer by exposure between said substrate and said resin film. Characteristic liquid crystal display device. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1,
Oite, the resin film contains a substance acrylate, the liquid crystal layer includes a liquid crystal display device including a tolane nematic liquid crystal, it is characterized. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1,
In the above resin film, the photosensitive prepolymer is formed by exposure to polarized light.
Is formed by polymerizing and curing so that the molecules have directionality.
And a counter electrode is formed on the opposite side of the resin film from the liquid crystal layer.
And it has a liquid crystal display device, characterized in that. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, further comprising:
A color filter is provided on the opposite side of the resin film from the liquid crystal layer.
A liquid crystal display device , which is provided . 6. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein said counter electrode is formed of a transparent conductive film , and said counter electrode is formed of a resin film and said color filter.
Between or on the opposite side of the color filter from the resin film
A liquid crystal display device , which is provided . 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein said counter electrode is formed of a material that reflects light.
In addition, the color filter is formed between the resin film and the counter electrode.
A liquid crystal display device provided between the liquid crystal display devices. 8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or claim 2.
In addition, a common electrode is further formed on the substrate, and the resin film is formed by exposing a photosensitive prepolymer to polarized light.
Formed by polymerizing and curing so that the molecules are directional.
A color filter on the opposite side of the resin film from the liquid crystal layer.
Is provided , the liquid crystal display device. 9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8, further comprising:
Between the resin film and the color filter, or
On the opposite side of the color filter from the resin film, a transparent conductive film
A liquid crystal display device comprising a formed electrode . 10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, further comprising:
To, on the opposite side of the resin film of the color filter, reflecting light
A liquid crystal display device , comprising an electrode formed of a material that is made of a material . 11. A pixel electrode, and a switch connected to the pixel electrode.
A substrate on which an etching element and an alignment film are formed, and a photosensitive prepolymer formed by polymerization and curing by exposure.
And a liquid crystal layer sealed between the substrate and the resin film.
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, wherein at least on the substrate, the pixel electrode, the switching element,
Forming the alignment film, and mixing the photosensitive prepolymer and the liquid crystal on the substrate.
Forming a body film, and applying the first wavelength light from the side opposite to the substrate to the mixed film.
Exposure to precipitate the photosensitive prepolymer in the mixture film
To form a resin film on the surface of the mixture film.
Characterized by having a resin film forming step of forming
A method for manufacturing a display device. 12. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 11.
In the resin film forming step, a predetermined amount of sensitivity in the mixture film may be used.
Precipitating optical prepolymer and forming resin film
The further second wavelength a predetermined area in the mixture film
Selectively exposed to the light of the
Polymerize and cure the light prepolymer, and
Support for forming a support member between the substrate and the resin film
A liquid crystal display device comprising a member forming step.
Production method. 13. A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 12.
In the above, the supporting member forming step remains in the mixed film.
Precipitate a predetermined amount of photosensitive prepolymer to support the support
And forming the mixed film at a third wavelength from the resin film side.
Exposure to light, the photosensitive pre-polymer remaining in the mixture film
Precipitate the rimer, polymerize and cure it,
An inner resin film forming step of forming an inner resin film on the substrate side
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: 14. A liquid crystal display according to claim 11, wherein :
In the method for manufacturing an apparatus, the resin film forming step includes the step of reciprocity failure of the mixture film.
To be performed by exposing with light of the first wavelength
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device, comprising: 15. A liquid crystal display according to claim 11, wherein :
In the method of manufacturing a device, the light of the first wavelength may be used as the light of the first wavelength.
The use of light having a wavelength in the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics is
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. 16. A liquid crystal display according to claim 12 or 13.
In the method for manufacturing an apparatus, the resin film forming step includes the step of reciprocity failure of the mixture film.
The supporting member forming step is performed by exposing the mixed film to a reciprocity condition.
The exposure by the light of the second wavelength.
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned. 17. A liquid crystal display according to claim 12 or 13.
In the device manufacturing method, the light of the photosensitive prepolymer may be used as the light of the second wavelength.
Use light of a wavelength whose absorbance is smaller than the light of the first wavelength.
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. 18. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 13,
In the resin film forming step, the mixture film is formed by a reciprocity failure.
The supporting member forming step is performed by exposing the mixed film to a reciprocity condition.
And exposing the mixture film to a reciprocity law by exposing the mixture film to light of the second wavelength.
Exposure with light of the above third wavelength under the condition of a gauge
A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device. 19. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 13,
Here, as the light of the third wavelength, the photosensitive prepolymer
Absorbance is smaller than the light of the first wavelength, and
The use of light of a wavelength larger than the light of the second wavelength is considered.
A method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned. 20. The method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display device according to claim 13,
In addition , the above-mentioned mixture film further includes a polymerization prepolymer of a photosensitive prepolymer.
Including an initiator or a sensitizer, the light of the first wavelength is used as the light of the first wavelength.
Use light with a wavelength shorter than the wavelength at the end of the absorption region in the absorption characteristics
Then, the mixture film is exposed to light under the condition of reciprocity failure, and the light of the second wavelength is used as the polymerization initiator or the polymerization initiator.
Light longer than the absorption peak wavelength in the light-absorbing characteristics of the sensitizer
And exposing the mixture film under conditions of reciprocity, and as the light of the third wavelength, the photosensitive prepolymer
The wavelength at the end of the absorption region in the light absorption characteristics and the above polymerization initiation
Peak wavelength in the absorption characteristics of the sensitizer or sensitizer
The above mixture under the condition of reciprocity failure using light of wavelength between
Method for manufacturing liquid crystal display device, characterized by exposing film
Law.