JP3349743B2 - Gear rattle prevention device for transmission - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for preventing gear tapping between power transmission gears meshing with each other in a gear transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A gear transmission generally used as a manual transmission has a plurality of forward gears and a reverse gear set between input and output shafts, and a power transmission state for each gear set. A synchronizing device capable of switching to a non-transmission state is provided, and one of the gear sets is set to a power transmission state in accordance with a shift selection operation by a shift lever.

In each gear set of such a gear transmission, the corresponding power transmission gears mesh with each other, but in order to make the meshing smooth, backlash occurs between the teeth of the two gears. Is provided. For this reason, when the connection with the shaft is interrupted in one of the gears and the other gear is in a floating state, when the other gear is subjected to a rotational force, the two gears rotate by the amount of backlash due to torque fluctuation or the like. Relative displacement in the direction. In other words, there is a problem that rattling in the rotational direction occurs between the two gears, which causes rattling noise.

As a countermeasure against this problem, for example,
A method such as that shown in US Pat. In other words, when the shift lever is in the neutral state, the positioning mechanism for displacing the fork shaft slightly further in the axial direction from the neutral position to position the fork shaft and an elastic body such as a spring for pressing the fork shaft to one side. The shaft displaces the synchronizer slightly in the axial direction, bringing the synchronizer ring of the synchronizer into frictional contact with the transmission. By transmitting a small rotational force by this frictional contact to a gear that is in a non-transmission state due to the neutral state, the backlash is absorbed to prevent gear rattle.

[0005]

However, in the neutral state of the vehicle in which the generation of rattle noise is prevented by such a method, the transmission is shifted from the gear rotating in a floating state due to the frictional contact. Is transmitted to the output shaft of the vehicle, so that the rotational force is also transmitted to the wheels connected to the output shaft.

For this reason, when the vehicle is jacked up while the engine is running, for example, during inspection of a vehicle or when replacing a tire or installing a chain, the wheels rotate due to slight frictional contact by the synchronizing device. As a result, there was inconvenience in work such as inspection.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and provides a device for preventing a rattle sound which prevents the wheels from turning around as much as possible even when the engine is started up and jacked up while preventing the rattle sound. It is assumed that.

[0008]

The invention according to claim 1 is
An input shaft to which a driving force is input from a drive source, and an output shaft for outputting power to an output unit, wherein a gear set for a forward gear and a gear set for a reverse gear are provided between the input shaft and the output shaft. And are arranged ,
Either gear on the input shaft or output shaft side of each gear set
When the gear is rotatable about its supporting shaft,
Then, by operating the shift lever, slide it in the axial direction
Ride and fix the rotatable gear to its supporting shaft.
A gear device provided with a synchronizing device,
Is biased in the direction of the rotatable gear so that the
Gear rattle prevention means for preventing gear rattle by applying a frictional force between a rotatable gear and a shaft supporting the gear are provided for a forward gear set and a reverse gear set, respectively. The rotational force transmitted to the output shaft from the gear rattle prevention means via the forward gear set and the rotational force transmitted to the output shaft via the reverse gear set cancel each other. That you have configured
Features .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reverse gear set provided with the tooth hitting preventing means, and a reverse gear.
A set and a gear set for forward stages having substantially the same gear ratio
Only the above-mentioned tooth hitting sound preventing means is provided.

[0010]

According to the gear rattle prevention device of the first aspect, the frictional force generated by the function of the rattle noise prevention means of the gear set for the forward gear is provided so as to be rotatable. When a small rotational force in the forward direction of the vehicle is transmitted from the idle gear to the output shaft of the transmission, and the gear rattle preventing means of the reverse gear set functions, the gear rattle preventing means is provided. Due to the frictional force generated by the above, a small rotational force in the reverse direction is transmitted from the idle gear to the output shaft of the transmission, and the rotational forces in the two opposite directions cancel each other out. This is to suppress the turning state of the wheels.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the gear rattle prevention device is provided in the forward gear having substantially the same gear ratio as that of the reverse gear. Regarding the rotational force transmitted to the output shaft of the transmission by the frictional force of the two tooth hammering prevention means, the magnitudes of the rotational forces in the opposite directions from the reverse gear and the forward gear are substantially the same.
With a simple configuration, the above-mentioned rotational forces are surely canceled out, and almost no wheel turning state can be eliminated.

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a front view of an engine to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 2 shows an example of a rear-wheel drive (FR) gear transmission, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view schematically showing a mechanism of the transmission. In FIG. 1, an input shaft 2 connected to an output shaft (not shown) of an engine and a drive wheel (not shown) arranged coaxially with the input shaft 2 are provided inside a transmission case 1. An output shaft 3 connected to the output shaft 3 and a counter shaft 4 arranged parallel to the output shaft 3 and forming a part of an input shaft are provided. In addition, an idle shaft 5 arranged in parallel with the output shaft 3 and the counter shaft 4 is provided (see FIG. 2).

An input gear 6 provided integrally with the counter shaft 4 is provided with a drive gear 7 provided integrally with the input shaft 2.
Therefore, the counter shaft 4 always rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the input shaft 2.

Between the counter shaft 4 as a part of the input shaft and the output shaft 3, a third-speed gear set 11, a second-speed gear set 12, and a first-speed gear set are sequentially arranged from the input shaft 2 side. 13, a reverse gear set 15 and an overdrive gear set 14 are provided. These gear sets include gears 11a, 12a, 13a, 14a, 15a fixed to the counter shaft 4.
And gears 11b, 12 rotatably mounted on the output shaft 3 via bearings 35 to 39 as bearings.
b, 13b, 14b, 15c and the like.

The gears 11a and 11b are for the third forward speed, the gears 12a and 12b are for the second forward speed,
a and 13b are for first speed forward, gears 14a and 14b are for overdrive, reverse idle gear 15b and gear 15a
The gear 15c constitutes each reverse gear set.
The fourth forward speed is realized in a state where the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 are directly connected by the synchronizer 21 described later. In this transmission, the transmission gear ratio between the first forward speed and the reverse speed is
They are configured to be substantially the same.

On the other hand, the output shaft 3 is provided with the second gear for the third speed.
A synchronizer 21 for three- or four-speed shifting is provided which enables the gear 11b to be connected to the output shaft 3 or the input shaft 2 to be directly connected to the output shaft 3. In addition, the 2nd speed second gears 12b and 1
The first and second speed synchronizers 22 are provided between the first and second speed gears 13b.
Is the second overdrive gear 14b and the second reverse gear
An overdrive and reverse synchronizer 23 is provided between the synchronizer 22 and the gear 15c.
23 selectively connects the gears 12b, 13b, 14b, and 15c to the output shaft 3.

These synchronizers 21, 22, 23 have the same configuration, and are arranged in the axial direction of the output shaft 3 (lateral direction).
The sleeves 21b, 22
b and 23b are spline-fitted to the clutch hubs 21a, 22a and 23a. These sleeves 21b, 22
When b and 23b slide left or right,
Clutch gears 21c, 21d, 22c, 22d, 23
c, 23d and the sleeves 21b, 22b, 23b mesh with each other.

Then, the control rod 25 engaged with the shift lever (not shown) and the first, second, and third shift rods 26, 27, and 28 engaged with the control rod 25 are moved. Via the sleeves 21b, 22b,
Any one of 23b slides. In this manner, any one of the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3 or each of the gear sets 11 to 15 is selectively set to the power transmission state, and the shift state is switched to five forward steps and one reverse step.

In such a gear transmission, as one of the gear rattle prevention means for implementing the present invention, FIG.
There is a mechanism as shown in FIG. That is, the gear rattle prevention means by this mechanism is in a floating state by setting the detent position of the shift rod in the neutral state to a position displaced in the direction of the desired gear set by an appropriate amount in advance. The frictional force of the synchronizer is applied to the gears to prevent gear hitting between gears due to backlash.

In this embodiment, the tooth hitting sound preventing means is provided on the third shift rod 28 for the reverse gear and on the first shift rod 26 for the forward gear. This embodiment will be described in detail. Give an explanation.

As described above, the third shift rod 28 has a structure in which the operating force of the shift lever is transmitted. As shown in FIG. 3, this shift rod 28 is used to shift between reverse and overdrive. Is performed. And, in order to maintain this shift state stably,
The shift rod 28 has notches 42a, 42b, 42
When the shift position is determined, the spring 41 is provided.
The ball 40 pressed by the notches 42a, 4
2b and 42c. The position of the ball 40 in each shift state is the position of the first notch 42a in reverse, the position of the second notch 42b in neutral, and the position of the third notch 42c in overdrive.

However, the second notch 42b in the tooth hitting prevention means is provided at a position slightly displaced rightward in FIG. 3 from a position in a normal neutral state.
Therefore, when the shift lever is in the neutral state,
The ball 40 pressed by the spring 41 is in the second notch 4
By entering the position 2b, the shift rod 28 is slightly moved to the left in FIG. 3, so that the tapered portion of the synchronizer 23 and the tapered portion of the clutch gear 23d are brought into slight frictional contact. In this way, the detent position of the shift rod 28 in the neutral position is a position slightly displaced toward the second reverse gear 15c.

On the other hand, although not shown because it is exactly the same method, the same tooth rattle preventing means as described above is also provided on the second shift rod 27 as the tooth rattle preventing means for the forward gear. That is, in the neutral state, the notch at the time of the neutral position is such that the shift rod 27 is in a position where an appropriate amount of frictional force is generated between the second gear 13b for the first speed and the synchronizer 22 fixed to the output shaft 3. It is provided in. Then, by applying an appropriate load by the frictional force to the first speed second gear 13b in the idle state, the gear 1
The gear is configured so that a rattle caused by backlash between the gear 3a and the gear 13b can be prevented.

In the gear rattle prevention device implemented as described above, when the engine is driven to shift to the neutral position, the rattle rattle prevention means provided in the reverse gear and the forward gear are operated as follows. Operate.

The second reverse gear 15c, which is rotationally driven from the first reverse gear 15a fixed to the counter shaft 4 via the reverse idle gear 15b, rotates in the reverse direction. And the ball 40 is in the second notch 4
2b, the shift rod 28 moves in the direction of arrow g in FIG. 3, and the shift fork 34 fixed to the shift rod 28 moves the sleeve 23b of the synchronizer 23 in the direction of the second reverse gear 15c. Let it.

As a result, the above-mentioned frictional force acts between the synchronizer 23 fixed to the output shaft 3 and the second reverse gear 15c to apply a small load to the gear 15c, thereby causing a backlash. As a result, rattling of the reverse gear is prevented. As a result, a small rotational force in the reverse direction is transmitted to the output shaft 3.

The first-speed second gear 13 is rotated by a first-speed first gear 13a fixed to the counter shaft 4.
b is rotating in the forward direction. On the other hand, when the shift operation is performed in neutral, the gear hitting prevention means for the forward gear slightly moves the shift rod 27 in the direction of arrow h shown in FIG. By generating a frictional force with the second speed gear 13b, this gear 1
By applying a small load to 3b, rattling due to backlash is absorbed, and the rattling noise of the forward gear is prevented. As a result, the rotational force of the idle gear 13b in the forward direction is transmitted to the output shaft 3.

As described above, in the gear rattle prevention device of the present invention, the rotation direction transmitted to the output shaft 3 is configured to be opposite to each other between the forward speed and the reverse speed.
The two rotational forces cancel each other out. Therefore, the turning state of the wheel (not shown) finally engaged with the output shaft 3 is suppressed.

When the gear hitting prevention means having the same configuration is provided in the forward gear substantially the same as the reverse gear in the transmission gear ratio as in this embodiment, the output shaft 3 acting in the opposite direction is provided. Becomes almost the same, it is possible to almost eliminate the swirling state, which is more effective.

As another means for preventing the gear hitting sound using the synchronizing device, instead of the mechanism for changing the detent position of the shift rod, the urging force of an elastic body such as a spring is applied to the synchronizing device in the neutral state. The mechanism to act is applicable. FIG. 4 shows a case in which this mechanism is implemented at the reverse speed of the transmission shown in FIG. 1, and the tooth hitting prevention means will be briefly described with reference to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, the third shift rod 28
A slight pressing force is generated between the clasp 46 fixed to the transmission case 1 and the transmission case 1 to urge the synchronizer 23 in the direction of arrow p1 shown in FIG.
5 is provided. Then, by generating a slight friction between the reverse second gear 15c and the synchronizer 23 in the neutral state, the pressing force of the spring 45 and the reaction force from the gear 15c are balanced to move in the direction of arrow p1. The pressing force of the spring 45 is selected in advance so that the movement of the spring 45 is stopped.

If a shift operation is performed from the neutral state to the reverse position by the tooth hitting prevention means, the operating force from the shift lever is applied to the shift rod 28.
Is transmitted to the shift rod spring 4
5, the synchronizer 23 is further pushed by the arrow p1.
And the shift to the reverse position is completed.

On the other hand, when shifting from the neutral state to the overdrive position, the shift rod 2
The shift to the overdrive position is completed by the operation force from the shift lever transmitted to 8 moving the synchronizer 23 in the direction of the arrow p2 shown in FIG. 4 against the pressing force of the shift rod spring 45. I do.

By providing at least one tooth hitting preventing means functioning in the forward stage in addition to the reverse stage, for example, in the first forward speed, in the same manner as the mechanism by changing the detent position of the shift rod. Further, the object of the present invention is achieved.

In the case where the tooth hitting sound is prevented by this mechanism, the structure is simpler than in the case where the detent position is changed. The mechanism by changing the detent position in FIG. 3 and the mechanism by the pressing force of the spring in FIG. 4 are often interchangeable, and any one can be freely selected according to the convenience of implementation.

In the above-described embodiment, the mechanism for urging the synchronizer in the direction of the desired gear is used as the gear tapping prevention means. However, another mechanism as shown in FIG. Applicable. That is, this is a mechanism in which a friction member is provided in a bearing portion for rotatably supporting the gear.

An example in which the tooth hitting prevention means is applied to the second reverse gear 15c will be described in detail. FIG.
As shown in (2), an annular fixture 51 that supports the friction member 50 is fitted into a part of the bearing portion 38 provided between the second reverse gear 15c and the output shaft 3. Then, a friction member 50 formed of an elastic body such as rubber into a ring shape or a cylindrical shape is inserted into the space formed by the fixing bracket 51 and the gear 15c.

When the bearing portion 38 as the bearing portion is configured as described above, the rolling friction of the roller member 52 and the sliding friction of the friction member 50 are provided between the second reverse gear 15c and the output shaft 3. Will work. Therefore, in the neutral state, when the second reverse gear 15c is in the floating state, a slight load is applied to the gear 15c from the output shaft 3 due to the sliding friction of the friction member 50, and the tooth due to the backlash is generated. The hitting sound is prevented.

By changing the shape and material of the friction member 50, the sliding friction force can be changed.
When the tooth hitting prevention means is implemented, the shape, material, and the like are selected in advance so as to obtain an appropriate frictional force.

The tooth rattle preventing means which functions as described above is provided in the bearing part 37 for the forward gear and the bearing part 38 for the reverse gear among the bearing parts of the transmission shown in FIG.
In this case, the tooth hitting prevention device functions as follows.

When the shift lever is in the neutral state while the engine is being driven, the sliding frictional force of the friction member in the bearing portion 37, which is the means for preventing gear rattle in the forward gear, causes the first gear for the first gear rotating in the forward direction. A small load is applied to the second gear 13b to prevent teeth hitting noise. As a result, the rotational force of the gear 13b in the forward direction is transmitted to the output shaft 3.

Further, the sliding frictional force of the friction member 50 in the bearing portion 38, which is a means for preventing the gear rattle of the reverse gear, applies a small load to the reverse second gear 15c rotating in the reverse direction so that the gear rattles. Prevent sound. As a result, the gear 15
The rotational force in the backward direction c is transmitted to the output shaft 3.

Accordingly, since the directions of the rotational force transmitted to the output shaft 3 are opposite in the forward and reverse stages, they cancel each other out, and are the same as those in the above-described gear hitting prevention means by the synchronizer. The effect can be realized.

Further, when the present invention is implemented by the gear rattle prevention means, the problem of the present invention can be solved and, in addition, gear rattle noise prevention can be carried out for all gears in the idle state. In addition, it is possible to mix and use together with the tooth hitting sound preventing means using the above-mentioned synchronizing device.

The above description is of the embodiment of the gear transmission for an FR vehicle shown in FIG. An embodiment of the present invention in a front-wheel drive (FF) gear transmission will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

Of the functions and configurations of the FF vehicle gear transmission, the same parts as those of the above-described FR gear transmission will not be described, and only different parts will be described.

The transmission has an input shaft 71 and an output shaft 72.
And an idle shaft 73. The idle shaft 73 rotatably supports the reverse idle gear 82 and is configured to be movable in the direction of arrow s shown in FIG. And, the reverse idle gear 82 is
Are arranged in such a position as to mesh with the first reverse gear 81 and the second reverse gear 83 provided in the synchronizer 90 by moving in the direction of arrow s shown in FIG.

The input shaft 71 has a first interlocking gear 80a.
Is fixed, and a second interlocking gear 80 b is installed on the output shaft 72 via a bearing 95 so as to be rotatable. The first interlocking gear 80a and the second interlocking gear 80b are engaged with each other by a chain (not shown in FIG. 6). As a result, on the output shaft 72 side, the gear 80b is configured to rotate in the reverse direction.

In addition, an output gear 84 is fixed to the output shaft 72, and a connection gear 85 connected to a differential gear (not shown) meshes with the output gear 84, thereby driving after shifting. The power is taken out. The driving force is transmitted to wheels (not shown).

Due to such a feature in the configuration, when shifting to the reverse position after forward running,
When the driver operates the clutch 96, the input shaft 71 separated from the engine moves in the forward direction, that is, FIG.
As a result, the second interlocking gear 80b driven via the chain also rotates in the direction of arrow F2. On the other hand, the rotation of the wheels due to the inertia of the vehicle is transmitted to the output shaft 72.
Rotates in the direction of arrow F3 shown in FIG.

When the shift lever (not shown) is operated to the reverse position, the synchronizer 92 moves in the direction of the second interlocking gear 80b.
And a frictional force is generated. As shown in FIG. 7, a synchronizer 92 fixed to the output shaft 72 and a second interlocking gear 8
0b, the frictional force between the two acts to stop the inertial rotation of the input shaft 71 via the chain.

Thereafter, when the inertial rotation of the input shaft 71 and the rotation of the output shaft 72 due to the inertia of the vehicle stop, the reverse idle gear 82 moves in the direction of the arrow s, and the first reverse gear 81 and the reverse first gear 81 move. The engagement with the second gear 83 completes the shift to the reverse position.

The gear transmission having the above-described structure has an FR
As in the embodiment of the transmission for gears, an embodiment in which the means for preventing teeth hitting by changing the detent position shown in FIG. 3 is applied will be described with reference to FIGS.

First, as a means for preventing gear rattle in the forward gear,
The first and second speed shift rods 99 are biased in the direction of the first speed second gear 75b when in neutral, and the overdrive shift rod 97 is neutralized when the overdrive shift rod 97 is in neutral as the reverse gear tooth hitting prevention means. The shift rods 99 and 97 are provided with tooth hitting noise preventing means shown in FIG.

In the transmission having the tooth hitting prevention means, if the transmission is set to the neutral state while the engine is running,
The gear hitting prevention means for the forward gear is a shift rod 99 for 1st or 2nd speed.
Is urged in the direction of arrow t1 shown in FIG. 7 to move the first- and second-speed synchronizers 90 so that the synchronizer 90 and the first-speed second
A friction force is generated between the gear 75b. Then, the second gear 7 for the first speed, which is in a floating state and is rotating in the forward direction.
A load is applied to 5b to absorb backlash and prevent rattle. As a result, the second gear for the first speed rotating in the forward direction
The rotational force of the gear 75b is transmitted to the output shaft 7 via the synchronizer 90.
2 is transmitted.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 7, in the reverse gear set (gears 81, 82, 83) of the transmission for an FF vehicle, there is no gear that is idle and rotates in a neutral state. For this reason, as the gear rattle preventing means for the reverse gear, the shift rod 97 is urged in the direction of arrow t2 shown in FIG. 7 to move the overdrive synchronizing device 92, and this synchronizing device 92 and the second interlocking gear 80b and a frictional force is generated. As a result, the rotational force of the second interlocking gear 80b that rotates in the reverse direction is transmitted to the output shaft 72 via the synchronization device 92.

[0057] Thus, the rotational force transmitted to the output shaft 72 from the gear rattle noise preventing means between the forward gear and the reverse gear, since the cancel become opposite directions, finally output shaft 7 2 Thereby, it is possible to prevent the wheels from being driven and swinging .

Therefore, even when the present invention is applied to a transmission for an FF vehicle, the invention can be applied in the same manner as in the transmission for an FR vehicle.

In the embodiment of the above two transmissions,
Although the case where there is only one gear hitting prevention means for the forward gear is shown, the place where the gear hitting noise prevention means is implemented in the forward gear need not be limited to one, and can be provided in a plurality of gears. . By doing so, the rattle can be further reduced.

[0060]

As described above, the gear rattle prevention device for a transmission according to the present invention has a synchronizing device for each of the forward gear and the reverse gear.
By providing the teeth striking sound-insulating means utilizing, for two of the rotational force in the opposite direction acting on the output shaft of the transmission by the frictional force of each tooth striking sound-insulating means, cancel each other, a floating state In addition to reducing the rattling noise caused by the gears, the turning state of the wheels can be suppressed with a simple structure .

Further, by providing the gear rattle prevention means in the forward gear having substantially the same gear ratio as the reverse gear, the two rotational forces in the opposite directions almost cancel each other, so that the engine was started. Even if the vehicle is jacked up in the state, the state of the wheels rotating in the neutral state is almost eliminated, and workability in vehicle inspection and the like can be greatly improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a gear transmission for an FR vehicle embodying the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanism of the gear transmission for an FR vehicle.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an example of a gear hitting prevention means by a synchronization device.

FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of another example of a tooth hitting prevention means by a synchronization device.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a tooth hitting noise preventing means by remodeling a bearing part.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a gear transmission for a front-wheel drive vehicle embodying the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a mechanism of the gear transmission for an FF vehicle.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 2 input shaft 3 output shaft 4 counter shaft 5 reverse idle gear 6 input gear 7 drive gear 11, 12, 13, 14 forward gear set 15 reverse gear set 35, 38 bearing part 61 gear rattle prevention means for forward gear 62 Tooth hitting prevention means for reverse gear

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An input shaft to which a driving force is input from a driving source, and an output shaft to output power to an output portion, wherein a gear set for a forward gear and a reverse gear are provided between the input shaft and the output shaft. A gear set for the gear is disposed, and the input shaft or output shaft side of each gear set is provided.
One of the gears rotates automatically with respect to its supporting shaft.
And support it by operating the shift lever.
To support the rotatable gear by sliding in the axial direction
A gear device provided with a synchronizing device for fixing the synchronizing device to the rotatable gear.
The gear hitting prevention means for preventing the gear hitting sound of the gear by applying a frictional force between the rotatable gear and the shaft supporting the gear, thereby providing a gear set for the forward gear and a gear for the reverse gear. The torque transmitted to the output shaft from the gear rattle prevention means via the forward gear set and the torque transmitted to the output shaft via the reverse gear set are provided in each of the gear sets. A gear rattle preventing device for a transmission, wherein the gear rattle preventing device is configured to engage each other. Wherein the gear set for the reverse gear to the tooth striking sound-insulating means is provided only the gear set for forward stages having the reverse stage gear set substantially the same gear ratio, the tooth 2. A tooth hitting prevention means for a transmission according to claim 1, further comprising a tapping prevention means.