JP3078026B2 - Gear type transmission - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear type transmission.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a gear transmission, an input shaft connected to a prime mover through a clutch, an output shaft connected to a drive system, and torque input from the clutch to the input shaft are transmitted through a pair of gears. The transmission includes a counter shaft to be transmitted, and a transmission gear mechanism configured to transmit the torque of the input shaft directly to the output shaft or to the output shaft through a transmission path including the counter shaft. There is something.

[0003] A gear type transmission of this type is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 60-44640. In this gear type transmission, the input shaft and the output shaft are always in a torque transmitting state via a pair of gears, a speed change gear mechanism is provided between the counter shaft and the output shaft, and In the stage, the torque of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft via the transmission gear mechanism. Also, this transmission
The counter shaft and the idler shaft are always in a torque transmitting state, and the reverse shaft is transmitted to the output shaft by selectively setting the idler shaft and the output shaft to the torque transmitting state.

[0004]

However, in this type of transmission, since the input shaft and the counter shaft are always in a torque transmitting state, the counter shaft is rotated even in a neutral state where torque transmission is not required. . For this reason, the inertia of the counter shaft has always been a load on the transmission gear mechanism. Further, as much inertia is required, for example, a large amount of operating force is required for a shift operation from neutral to another shift speed.

[0005] For this reason, the applicant of the present invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-3873.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 6-206, proposes a gear type transmission in which the transmission of torque to the counter shaft at the time of neutral is cut off to reduce the inertia. However, even with this gear type transmission, the idler shaft is still rotating when in neutral, and there is room for further improvement. Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and it is possible to cut off the transmission of torque to the counter shaft and the idler shaft at the time of neutral without complicating the structure of the transmission. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gear-type transmission that can reduce the load.

[0006]

According to the present invention to achieve the above object, an input shaft connected to a prime mover via a clutch, and an input shaft arranged coaxially with the input shaft and connected to a driven system. A connected output shaft, a counter shaft and a reverse idler shaft arranged in parallel with the input shaft, and selectively transmitting torque transmitted to the input shaft through a plurality of transmission paths having different speed ratios. A forward transmission gear mechanism for transmitting to the output shaft; and a reverse transmission gear mechanism for transmitting torque to the output shaft by reversing the torque transmitted to the input shaft via a transmission path including the idler shaft, First transmission means for transmitting the torque of the input shaft to the output shaft via the counter shaft, and second transmission for directly transmitting the torque of the input shaft to the output shaft; Means, Transmission means has a first synchronization means for interrupting the transmission of torque from the input shaft to the counter shaft in neutral or performing a speed change operation of a torque transmission path, and the second transmission means, A second synchronizing means for connecting and disconnecting the input shaft and the output shaft, wherein the reverse transmission gear mechanism meshes with the reverse gear rotatably supported on the input shaft and the reverse gear; A counter reverse gear provided to rotate integrally with the idler shaft and constituting an input gear to the idler shaft, and an output gear from the idler shaft provided to rotate integrally with the idler shaft And the torque from the output-side counter reverse gear is transmitted to the counter shaft to rotate the counter shaft, and the rotation is transmitted to the output shaft. Third and transmitting means, the gear-type transmission apparatus characterized by and a third synchronization means for interrupting the transmission of torque to the neutral during from said input shaft to said reverse gear is provided to reach. According to the present invention having such a configuration, in neutral, transmission of torque between the input shaft and the counter shaft is interrupted by the first synchronizing means, and the reverse gear is disengaged by the third synchronizing means. The transmission of torque from the input shaft to the idler shaft via the input shaft is interrupted, so that the transmission of torque to the counter shaft and the idle shaft is not performed in neutral. As a result, the operating force required for the speed change operation is reduced. Further, according to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the first transmission means includes a drive gear provided on the output shaft for inputting torque of the counter shaft to the output shaft, wherein the drive gear is used for the forward drive. One gear constituting the transmission gear mechanism is also used. According to such a configuration, the drive gear provided on the output shaft and having a function of inputting torque from the counter shaft to the output shaft is also used as one gear constituting the forward speed change gear mechanism, for example, a fifth speed gear. As a result, the number of gears is reduced, and as a result, the axial length of the transmission can be reduced while achieving the same function.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a gear type transmission according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a left portion of an embodiment of the gear transmission of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a right portion of the embodiment of the gear transmission of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram schematically showing a configuration of a gear transmission shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

First, the overall structure of the gear type transmission will be described with reference to FIGS. Reference numeral 1 denotes a transmission, and the transmission 1 is a gear-type manual transmission mounted on a front engine rear drive (FR) type vehicle. 2
Is a transmission case. On the engine (not shown) side of the transmission case 2 (left side in FIG. 1), a connection between an engine crankshaft (not shown) and the transmission 1 is operated by an operation from a driver's seat. A clutch 9 for intermittent connection (the outline is schematically shown by a dashed line) is arranged.

An input shaft 10 is arranged in the transmission case 2, and an output shaft 30 is arranged concentrically with the input shaft 10 behind the input shaft 10. Mission case 2
Further, a counter shaft 20 and a reverse idler shaft 40 are arranged in parallel with the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 30. In FIG. 2, the idler shaft 40 is shown in an expanded state.

The input shaft 10 has a front end portion rotatably supported by the transmission case 2 by a bearing 19 and a rear end portion rotatably supported by the output shaft 30 via a needle bearing. The input shaft 10 is integrally formed with a first-speed gear 11 and a second-speed gear 12.
A speed gear 13 and a fourth speed gear 14 are supported via a needle bearing so as to be relatively rotatable. Further, a reverse gear 16 is supported at the rear end of the input shaft 10 via a needle bearing so as to be relatively rotatable.

A counter shaft 20 is disposed below the input shaft 10 and is rotatably supported in the transmission case 2 by bearings 28 and 29. The counter shaft 20 includes a first-speed counter gear 21 and a second-speed counter gear 2.
2 is rotatably supported via a needle bearing, and a third-speed counter gear 23 and a fourth-speed counter gear 24 are integrally formed. In addition, counter axis 2
The drive gear 25 is spline-coupled to the rear end of the zero.

The output shaft 30 has a front end portion at the input shaft 10.
Are rotatably supported via a needle bearing, and the rear end portion is rotatably supported in the transmission case 2 by a bearing 18. The output shaft 30 is integrally formed with a fifth speed clutch gear 15 at a front end thereof. The fifth speed clutch gear 15 also has a function as a drive gear. A rear end portion of the output shaft 30 extends rearward of the transmission 1 and is connected to a propulsion shaft (not shown) via a universal joint (not shown) so as to output driving torque to a rear wheel drive system. ing.

The idler shaft 40 is provided for a reverse shift.
49 rotatably supported by the transmission case 2. The idler shaft 40 is integrally formed with counter reverse gears 41 and 42 at a front end portion and a rear end portion, respectively. 1st to 4th gear 1 on input shaft 10
Gears 1, 12, 13, and 14 and first to fourth speed counter gears 21, 22, 23, and 24 on the counter shaft 20 are always in mesh with gears at the corresponding shift speeds. Also, the counter drive gear 25 on the counter shaft 20
And the fifth speed clutch gear 15 of the output shaft 30 are always meshed.

A counter reverse gear 42 formed at the rear end of the idler shaft 40 is always meshed with the reverse gear 16 on the input shaft 10.
A reverse gear 41 formed at the front end of the counter gear is always meshed with a synchronizing device 71 provided between the first-speed counter gear 21 and the second-speed counter gear 22 on the counter shaft, which will be described later. Idler shaft 40 like
Is expanded).

The transmission 1 includes an input shaft 10 and a counter shaft 2
Transmission of torque between the input shaft 1 and the input shaft 1
Synchronizing devices 61 and 71 are provided to select a transmission path of torque between 0 and the counter shaft 20 according to a shift operation. The synchronizer 61 is provided between the third-speed gear 13 and the fourth-speed gear 14 on the input shaft 10 and a synchronizer 71.
Are provided between the first-speed counter gear 21 and the second-speed counter gear 22 of the counter shaft 20.

The synchronizer 61 includes a clutch hub 62 spline-coupled to the input shaft 10 and a clutch hub 62.
The gear splines 13a, 1 formed integrally with the sleeve 63, the synchronizing rings 64, 64, and the third-speed gear 13 and the fourth-speed gear 14,
4a, and a sleeve 63 is engaged with a shift fork (not shown) on the striking rod.
In the synchronizer 61, the sleeve 63 slides on the clutch hub 62 in the axial direction due to the movement of the shift fork by the shift operation from the driver's seat, and the gear spline 13a or 1
4a so that the input shafts 10 and 3
It functions to selectively connect the speed gear 13 or the fourth speed gear 14.

The synchronizing device 71 includes a clutch hub 72 spline-connected to the counter shaft 20, a sleeve 73 spline-connected to the outer periphery of the clutch hub 72, synchronizing rings 74, 74, and first-speed counter gears 21 and 2. The gear splines 21a and 22a are formed integrally with the speed counter gear 22, respectively.
3 is engaged with a shift fork (not shown) on the striking rod. Similarly, in the synchronizer 71, the sleeve 73 slides on the clutch hub 72 in the axial direction by the movement of the shift fork by the shift operation from the driver's seat, and meshes with either the gear spline 21a or 22a. 1st gear counter gear 2
It functions to selectively connect with the first or second speed counter gear 22. Further, the sleeve 73 of the synchronizer 71
A gear 75 is formed on the outer periphery of the idler shaft 40, and the gear 75 is always meshed with the counter reverse gear 41 formed at the front end of the idler shaft 40.

A reverse gear 16 is rotatably supported at the rear end of the input shaft 10 via a needle bearing, and a five-speed clutch gear 15 integrally formed at the front end of the output shaft 30. Between them, a synchronization device 81 is provided. The synchronizer 81 includes a clutch hub 82 splined to the input shaft 10, a sleeve 83 splined to the outer periphery of the clutch hub 82, synchronization rings 84, 84, a fifth speed clutch gear 15 and a reverse gear 16 And a gear spline 15a, 16a integrally formed with the shift fork (not shown) on the striking rod.
Is engaged. The synchronizing device 81 moves the shift fork by the shift operation from the driver's seat to the sleeve 8.
3 slides on the clutch hub 82 in the axial direction and meshes with either of the gear splines 15a or 16a, whereby the fifth speed clutch gear 15 or the reverse gear 16 formed integrally with the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 30 Function to selectively connect

Next, the operation will be described with reference to FIG. The transmission 1 includes sleeves 63, 7 of the synchronizers 61, 71, 81.
When the transmission 3 is in the neutral position where the gears 3 and 83 are not engaged with any of the adjacent gear splines as shown in FIG.
Only the first speed gear 11 and the second speed gear 12 above 0 rotate. The first speed gear 11 and the second speed gear 12 rotate the first speed counter gear 21 and the second speed counter gear 22 on the counter shaft 20, respectively. However, since the first-speed counter gear 21 and the second-speed counter gear 22 are not connected to the counter shaft 20, the torque of the input shaft 10 is not transmitted to the counter shaft 20, and the counter shaft 20 does not rotate.

Gear 7 of synchronizer 71 on counter shaft 20
5 and the counter reverse gear 41 of the idler shaft 40 are always meshed with each other, however, since the counter shaft 20 does not rotate, no torque is transmitted from the counter shaft 20 to the counter shaft 20 and the reverse gear 16 on the input shaft 10 Although the idler shaft 40 is always meshed with the counter reverse gear 42, the torque of the input shaft 10 is not applied to the idler shaft 4 because the synchronizer 81 is in the neutral position and is not in the power transmission state.
Not transmitted to 0. Therefore, the counter shaft 20 does not rotate.

Further, since the synchronizing device 81 is in the neutral position, the torque of the input shaft 10 is not transmitted to the output shaft 30 via the fifth speed clutch gear 15 and the torque of the input shaft 10 is not transmitted to the fifth speed clutch gear 15 on the output shaft 30. Although it always meshes with the counter drive gear 25 on the counter shaft 20, the counter shaft 2
0 does not rotate, so the output shaft 30
, The output shaft 30 does not rotate.

On the other hand, one of the sleeves 63, 73 of the synchronizers 61, 71 is moved in the axial direction by an operation from the driver's seat, and the adjacent gear splines 13a, 1
4a, 21a, and 22a, the input shaft 1
The torque of 0 is transmitted to the output shaft 30 via the counter shaft 20. For example, when the sleeve 73 of the synchronizer 71 is moved to the side of the first-speed counter gear 21 and meshes with the gear spline 21a formed on the counter gear 21, the first-speed counter gear 21 and the counter shaft 20 are connected to the gear spline 21a. , A sleeve 73 and a clutch hub 72. The first-speed counter gear 21 has an input shaft 1
Since the gear is always meshed with the first speed gear 11 above 0, the torque of the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the counter shaft 20. In this power transmission path, a speed change (here, deceleration) is performed according to the gear ratio between the first speed gear 11 and the first speed counter gear 21, and the torque transmitted from the input shaft 10 to the counter shaft 20 increases. The torque transmitted to the counter shaft 20 is transmitted from the counter drive gear 25 spline-coupled to the rear end of the counter shaft 20 to the output shaft 30 via the fifth speed clutch gear 15 integrally coupled to the output shaft 30. Is transmitted. On the other hand, even when the sleeve 73 is moved to the side of the second speed counter gear 22, the torque of the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the output shaft 30 via the counter shaft 20.

When the sleeve 63 of the synchronizer 61 is moved to the side of the third-speed gear 13 or the fourth-speed gear 14, the input shaft 10 is moved in the same manner as in the case of the synchronizer 71.
And the third speed gear 13 or the fourth speed gear 14 are integrally connected. The torque of the input shaft 10 is the third speed gear 13 or 4
The power is transmitted to the counter shaft 20 via the speed gear 14 and the third speed counter gear 23 or the fourth speed counter gear 24. The torque transmitted to the counter shaft 20 is further transmitted from the counter drive gear 25 to the output shaft 30 via the fifth speed clutch gear 15 integrally connected to the output shaft 30.

On the other hand, the sleeve 83 of the synchronizing device 81 is moved to the side of the fifth speed clutch gear 15 and
When the gear spline 15a of the speed clutch gear 15 is engaged, the input shaft 10 and the output shaft 30 are connected to the clutch hub 82.
And the input shaft 1 are integrally connected via a sleeve 83.
0 and the output shaft 30 are directly connected. Therefore, input shaft 1
0 and the output shaft 30 are connected without the intermediary of the gears at the fifth gear.

When the sleeve 83 of the synchronizer 81 is moved toward the reverse gear 16 and the sleeve 83 and the gear spline 16a of the reverse gear 16 mesh with each other, the reverse gear 16 and the input shaft 10 are integrally connected. You.
Further, since the reverse gear 16 and the counter reverse gear 42 of the idler shaft 40 are always engaged, the torque of the input shaft 10 is transmitted to the idler shaft 40 via the reverse gear 16 and the counter reverse gear 42. The torque transmitted to the idler shaft 40 is transmitted to the counter shaft 20 via the gear 75 of the sleeve 73 of the synchronizing device 71 on the counter shaft 20 meshing with the counter reverse gear 41, and the counter shaft 20 The power is transmitted to the output shaft 30 via the drive gear 25 and the fifth speed clutch gear 15.

In the embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, unlike the conventional transmission, a speed change gear mechanism is provided between the input shaft 10, the counter shaft 20, and the idler shaft 40. In the neutral state, the counter shaft 20 and the idler shaft 40 do not idle. As a result, the equivalent inertia of the counter shaft 20 and the idler shaft 40 with respect to the transmission gear mechanism can be reduced more than before, and the operating force of the synchronizers 61, 71, 81 can be reduced.

Further, a fifth speed clutch gear 15 is formed integrally with the output shaft 30, and the fifth speed clutch gear 15 is provided with a function of a dedicated drive gear which has been conventionally required. There is no need for a dedicated drive gear. For this reason, the output shaft 30 is provided with two bearings on both sides of the drive gear in the related art. However, in the present invention, only one bearing 28 needs to be provided on the output shaft 30 because the drive gear can be omitted. Further, since the drive gear can be omitted, the axial length of the transmission 1 can be reduced.

Further, in the case of reverse travel, the reverse gear 16, the counter reverse gears 41 and 42 of the idler shaft 40, the gear 75 of the sleeve 73 of the synchronizer 71, the counter drive gear 25 and the fifth speed clutch gear 15 reduce the speed in two stages. Therefore, the reduction ratio can be increased.
Further, the fifth speed clutch gear 15 and the reverse gear 16 can be operated by one sleeve 83.

[0029]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to cut off the transmission of torque to the counter shaft and the idler shaft in neutral without complicating the structure of the transmission.
As a result, the shifting operation can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view showing a left portion of an embodiment of a gear type transmission according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a right portion of one embodiment of the gear transmission according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a skeleton diagram schematically showing a configuration of a gear type transmission shown in FIGS. 1 and 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transmission 2 Transmission case 9 Clutch 10 Input shaft 11 1st speed gear 12 2nd speed gear 13 3rd speed gear 14 4th speed gear 15 5th speed clutch gear 16 Reverse gear 19 Bearing 20 Counter shaft 21 1st speed counter Gear 22 Second-speed counter gear 23 Third-speed counter gear 24 Fourth-speed counter gear 25 Counter drive gear 30 Output shaft 40 Idler shaft 41 Counter reverse gear 42 Counter reverse gear 61 Synchronizer 71 Synchronizer 75 Gear 81 Synchronizer

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-2-38736 (JP, A) JP-A-60-44640 (JP, A) JP-A-2-38737 (JP, A) JP-A-50-JP 132359 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model 2-21355 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model 1-149049 (JP, U) Japanese Utility Model Application 57-110348 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int. ⁷ , DB name) F16H 3/00-3/42

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An input shaft connected to a prime mover via a clutch, an output shaft arranged coaxially with the input shaft and connected to a driven system, a counter shaft arranged parallel to the input shaft, and A reverse-stage idler shaft; a forward transmission gear mechanism that selectively transmits torque transmitted to the input shaft to the output shaft through a plurality of transmission paths having different transmission ratios; and a transmission gear mechanism that is transmitted to the input shaft. A reverse transmission gear mechanism for transmitting torque to the output shaft by reversing the torque via a transmission path including the idler shaft, wherein the forward transmission gear mechanism transmits the torque of the input shaft via the counter shaft. A first transmission means for transmitting the torque of the input shaft directly to the output shaft; and a first transmission means for transmitting the torque of the input shaft directly to the output shaft. Transmission of torque to shaft Has a first synchronizing means for shutting off when in neutral or performing a gear shifting operation of a torque transmission path, wherein the second transmission means connects the input shaft and the output shaft,
A second transmission gear mechanism for performing disconnection, wherein the reverse transmission gear mechanism meshes with the reverse gear rotatably supported by the input shaft and rotates integrally with the idler shaft; A counter reverse gear provided to form an input gear to the idler shaft, a counter reverse gear provided to rotate integrally with the idler shaft and forming an output gear from the idler shaft, and an output side thereof. Transmitting the torque from the counter reverse gear to the counter shaft to rotate the counter shaft, and transmitting the rotation to the output shaft.
And a third synchronizing means for interrupting the transmission of torque from the input shaft to the reverse gear in a neutral state. 2. The first transmission means includes a drive gear provided on the output shaft for inputting torque of the counter shaft to the output shaft, and the drive gear constitutes the forward speed change gear mechanism. The gear type transmission according to claim 1, wherein one gear is also used.