JP3314716B2 - Building dampers - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration damping device for a building mounted on a wall or a floor of a building to improve wind resistance, earthquake resistance and microvibration resistance of the building. The present invention relates to a vibration damping device for building utilizing a viscoelastic property of a finely crosslinked rubber or the like having a very low degree of crosslinking as a damping effect.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various methods have been devised as a method of protecting a building from shaking due to wind, earthquake, and traffic vibration, but one of vibration damping methods which has received much attention at present. One of them is a brace type vibration control method. In this method, when mounting braces on the walls and floors of each floor of the building, vibrations and vibrations of the building are attenuated by interposing damping materials that exhibit a damping effect (damping effect) due to shear deformation. Things.

FIG. 15 shows an example of a brace type vibration damping method. In the drawing, 21 and 22 are columns, 23 and 24 are beams, and 25 is a brace.

[0004] As shown in FIG.
When the brace 25 is mounted on 3, 24, a slight gap is provided between the brace from above and the brace from below, that is, between the plate-like portions 25A and 25B (points indicated by arrows).
Is formed, and a vibration damping material (not shown) is inserted into the gap. When the building shakes, the upper beam 23 and the lower beam 24 on each floor
Is a plate-like part 25A and a plate-like part 2
5B move relative to each other, so that the inserted damping material undergoes repeated deformation. Therefore,
The greater the damping effect of the inserted damping material, the more the effect of reducing the shaking of the building can be exerted.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Among the conventional vibration damping materials,
The damping material using the elasto-plastic effect has a problem that the damping effect hardly appears in a region where the deformation is small because the material is elastically deformed.

On the other hand, in the case of a vibration damping material utilizing the viscous effect of oil or the like, in order to obtain a large damping effect, the device must be increased in size. Is difficult. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that maintenance and maintenance work during long-term use is complicated and maintenance management is not easy.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems,
It is composed of a material that keeps the viscous effect as large as possible.
Viscosity effect of the material (damping effect) a structure for expressing the most, molding can easily Therefore easy handling, building damping apparatus having an ideal damping materials that attained significant cost down The purpose is to provide.

[0008]

According to the vibration damping device for a building of the present invention, a member 25A connected to the upper floor of the building and a member 25B connected to the lower floor of the building are provided between the members 25A and 25B. An architectural vibration damping device having an inserted vibration damping material ,
When the building shakes, the members 25A and 25B
And the damping material between them is repeatedly deformed and
In a vibration damping device for a building that attenuates a shaking of an object, the vibration damping material has a hysteresis ratio (h) at 25 ° C. and 50% tensile deformation.
₅₀ ) is 0.40 or more, and the storage elastic modulus of the rubber at 0 ° C. and 30 ° C. at the time of 0.01% cyclic deformation is E (0
゜) and E (30 °), the ratio of the two is E (0 °) /
E (30 °) is 5 or less, the rubber material is mainly composed of ethylene propylene rubber (EP
R, EPDM), nitrile rubber (NBR), butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (CIR), chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), acrylic rubber (AR), polyurethane (UR), silicone rubber (SiR), fluoro rubber (FR), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM)
And one or more of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), and the rubber material contains 10 to 60 % by weight of a crosslinking agent of a minimum amount of a crosslinking agent defined as shown in the following table for each rubber material. And a partially crosslinked rubber material.

[0009]

[Table 2]

That is, the inventors of the present invention have studied the repetition durability, manufacturing cost, maintenance, etc. in order to solve the disadvantages of the conventional viscous damping material and obtain an ideal damping material having the above-mentioned characteristics. As a result of comprehensive examination, it was found that by using a material having a specific hysteresis ratio, a good damping effect was exhibited and a vibration damping material with extremely high attenuation was obtained, and the present invention was completed.

The vibration damping material used in the present invention has both high hysteresis and excellent mechanical properties by using a material having specific physical properties.

[0012]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

In the present invention, the constituent material of the vibration damping material having the above specific hysteresis ratio is obtained by crosslinking a rubber composition containing a crosslinking agent in an amount of 10 to 60 % by weight of a general minimum crosslinking amount. Mainly composed of finely crosslinked rubber.

By the way, as a matter of course, the rubber material is used as a product in a sufficiently crosslinked state except for a part of the thermoplastic elastomer. Only by such cross-linking can the rubber material have the property of restoring its original state even after a large deformation, that is, rubber elasticity. Therefore, if crosslinking is not sufficient, defects such as low elastic modulus and strength, particularly low durability and low adhesiveness appear, and it is expected that problems such as foaming of rubber during production will be caused. For this reason, in the past, it was generally uncommon to use a slightly crosslinked rubber or an uncrosslinked rubber as a product and as a long-lasting product.

The finely crosslinked rubber used in the present invention will be described below.

First, the rubber material used in the present invention will be described below.

The rubber material used in the present invention et Chi Ren propylene rubber (EPR, EPDM), nitrile rubber (NB
R), butyl rubber (IIR), halogenated butyl rubber (CIR), chloroprene rubber (CR), natural rubber (N
R), isoprene rubber (IR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene rubber (BR), acrylic rubber (AR), ethylene-vinyl acetate rubber (EVA), polyurethane (UR), silicone rubber (SiR), fluoro rubber ( F
R), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM), it is one or more of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE).

In the present invention, the rubber material is crosslinked by blending a very small amount of a crosslinking agent of 10 to 60 % of the general minimum amount of the crosslinking agent, whereby the crosslinking density is sufficiently reduced. Hold down micro-crosslinking (in the present invention,
Such a material having a remarkably small degree of crosslinking is referred to as "fine crosslinking". ) Use rubber.

Here, the compounding amount of the crosslinking agent will be described.

In general, the blending amount of the optimum crosslinking agent with the rubber material (that is, the optimum crosslinking density) has a certain value, but is a substantially fixed value. This is the performance required for rubber products (for example, modulus, strength, fatigue resistance,
Adhesiveness, restoring property, etc.).

On the other hand, the usage of a crosslinking agent for a rubber material is generally roughly classified as follows. The crosslinking accelerator is added mainly with sulfur. Reduce sulfur and increase crosslinking accelerator. Use an organic peroxide.

Accordingly, the sum of sulfur or an organic peroxide and a crosslinking accelerator (hereinafter, the sum of these is referred to as "crosslinking agent").
Can be considered to determine the crosslink density of the rubber material.

Crosslinking conditions (also referred to as vulcanization conditions) and physical properties of various rubber materials are covered in “Industrial Materials: Vol. 29, No. 11, (1981), pp. 37-136”. In particular, examples of crosslinking agents are described in detail for each manufacturer for various types of rubber materials. Of these, the amounts of the crosslinking agent required for various rubber materials are shown in Table 3 separately for the average formulation and the minimum crosslinking agent formulation. However, the numerical values are shown in phr (parts by weight of crosslinking agent with respect to 100 parts by weight of rubber).

[0024]

[Table 3]

As described above, in order to exert the performance as a rubber product in a well-balanced manner, it is necessary to employ an optimum amount of the cross-linking compound . Table 3 shows the average compounding amount. Is equivalent to On the other hand , the minimum amount of the crosslinking agent shown in Table 3 may be considered as a special case when a small amount of the crosslinking agent is used.

In the present invention, a crosslinking agent of 10 to 60% by weight of the minimum amount of the crosslinking agent to be added to the various rubber materials shown in Table 3 is added.

By using such a very small amount of the crosslinking agent, the finely crosslinked rubber constituting the vibration damping material according to the present invention has the following physical properties.

The hysteresis ratio (h ₅₀ ) at 25 ° C. and 50% tensile deformation is 0 . 40 or more. In addition, the pulling speed 200m
In m / _{min, h 50,} the stress of the Figure 14 - given by the area ratio of the following formula strain curve.

[0029]

(Equation 1)

By the way, as is well known, all polymer materials are in a hard glass state at a low temperature (elastic modulus E is 10 ⁴ to 10).
⁵ Kg / cm ² ).
(About 0 kg / cm ² ). The transition temperature (inflection point) of these two states is called a glass transition temperature (Tg). The energy loss of the material shows the maximum value at this Tg point.

Therefore, as a method for obtaining a polymer composition having a large energy loss (having the same meaning as the hysteresis loss), its composition is determined so that the Tg point falls within the temperature range required by the product. It is common. In fact, many of the commercially available high attenuation polymeric materials build on this idea.

However, needless to say, the fact that the Tg point is within the temperature range required by the product means that the temperature dependence of the elastic modulus is extremely large within that range, which is practically large. It becomes a problem.

The present inventionPertain toIn the rubber that constitutes the vibration damping material,
Considering this point, 5Hz, 0.01% repetitive deformation
Of the rubber at 0 ° C. and 30 ° C., respectively.
(0 °) and E (30 °), the ratio of both (E (0 °)
゜) / E (30 ゜))Is  E (0 °) / E (30 °) ≦ 5To be .

In the present invention, the rubber material may be used alone or as a blend of two or more.
In addition, these rubber materials, various fillers, tackifiers, lubricants, antioxidants, plasticizers, softeners, low molecular weight polymers, oils, etc., by mixing a general compounding agent for rubber materials, Hardness, loss characteristics and durability can be imparted according to the purpose. Particularly, in order to maintain a predetermined performance over a long period of time, a suitable stabilizer such as an antioxidant, a polymerization inhibitor or an anti-scorch agent is added to the above rubber material, or the polymer itself is hydrogenated or otherwise modified. It is extremely effective to achieve stabilization.

As these additives, for example, the following are desirable. a Fillers: clay, diatomaceous earth, carbon black, silica, talc, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, metal oxides, mica, graphite, flaky inorganic fillers such as aluminum hydroxide, various metal powders,
Wood chips, glass powder, ceramic powder, granular or powdered solid fillers such as granular or powdered polymers, and other various natural or artificial short fibers and long fibers (eg, straw, wool, glass fiber, metal fiber, various other types) Fillers for rubber or resin, such as polymer fibers. b Softeners: Softeners for various rubbers or resins such as aromatic, naphthenic and paraffinic. c Plasticizer: Various ester plasticizers such as phthalic acid ester, phthalic acid mixed ester, aliphatic dibasic acid ester, glycol ester, fatty acid ester, phosphate ester, stearic acid ester, epoxy plasticizer, and other plastics Plasticizers or NBR plasticizers such as phthalate, adipate, sebacate, phosphate, polyether and polyester. d Tackifiers: Various tackifiers (tackifiers) such as coumarone resin, coumarone-indene resin, phenol terpene resin, petroleum hydrocarbons, and rosin derivatives. e Oligomers: crow ether, fluorinated oligomer, polybutene, xylene resin, chlorinated rubber, polyethylene wax, petroleum resin, rosin ester rubber, polyalkylene glycol diacrylate, liquid rubber (polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber, poly Chloroprene), silicone oligomers, and various oligomers such as poly-α-olefins. f Lubricants: hydrocarbon lubricants such as paraffin and wax; fatty acid lubricants such as higher fatty acids and oxy fatty acids; fatty acid amide lubricants such as fatty acid amides and alkylene bis fatty acid amides; fatty acid lower alcohol esters; fatty acid polyhydric alcohol esters; Ester lubricants such as polyglycol esters, fatty alcohols, polyhydric alcohols,
Various lubricants such as alcohol-based lubricants such as polyglycol and polyglycerol, metal soaps, and mixed lubricants.

[0036]

EXAMPLES The following building damping instrumentation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings
A specific structure of the vibration damping material used for the installation will be described.

The structure of the vibration damping material according to the present invention is roughly classified into the following (A) and (B). (A) A vibration damping material composed solely of rubber having a hysteresis ratio specified in the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “specific hysteresis ratio”). (B) A damping material composed of a rubber / hard material composite having a specific hysteresis ratio.

The case where the rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio of (A) is constituted as a single unit is as follows:
(A)-, (A)-, and (A)-.

(A)-: A single rubber having an arbitrary shape. Specifically, a rectangular parallelepiped vibration damping material 1 as shown in FIG. 1 or a columnar vibration damping material 2 as shown in FIG. 2 can be mentioned, but the shape can be arbitrarily selected according to the purpose of the product.

(A)-: Rubber having a specific structure and a specific hysteresis ratio. This is achieved by multiplying finely crosslinked rubbers with different rubber types, compounding types, crosslinking degrees, etc. vertically and horizontally, inward and outwardly, etc. Rate, fracture characteristics,
Hysteresis).

[0041] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, the rubber species, compounded seed, rubber layer a _1, a 2 _... a _n a vertical or horizontal different specific hysteresis ratios degree of cross-linking, etc. , An as shown in FIG. 5, or a vibration damping material 5 in which such different rubber layers a ₁ , a ₂ ,... _An are coaxially arranged.

(A)-: A composite of a rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio and a highly crosslinked rubber. That is, the outer surface part or a part of the inner part of the rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio is a general crosslinked rubber (crosslinked rubber using an average compounding amount in Table 1; hereinafter, referred to as "highly crosslinked rubber"). Coated or compounded.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a vibration damping material 6 in which the side peripheral surface of rubber a having a specific hysteresis ratio is covered with highly crosslinked rubber b, and as shown in FIG. Damping material 7 or the like in which a rubber frame having a specific hysteresis ratio is filled in a lattice frame formed as described above. Furthermore, it is also possible to partially disperse the highly crosslinked rubber in rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio.

In this case, the highly crosslinked rubber may include, if necessary, various fillers, tackifiers, lubricants, antioxidants, plasticizers, softeners, low molecular weight polymers, oils and the like which are commonly used for rubber materials. Compounding agents can be mixed. Further, the highly crosslinked rubber may be used by appropriately laminating a hard material as described later in the section (B).

(A)-: A composite of a rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio and an uncrosslinked rubber. A vibration damping material in which uncrosslinked rubber is dispersed in rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio or, as shown in FIG. 8, an uncrosslinked rubber c is enclosed in rubber a having a specific hysteresis ratio as an independent structure. 8 and the like.

Here, the above-mentioned plasticizer, softener, tackifier, oligomer, lubricant and the like can be used in place of the uncrosslinked rubber.

(B) In the case of a rubber / hard material composite having a specific hysteresis ratio, the above (A)-,
Any of (A)-, (A)-, and (A)-further combined with a hard material may be used.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10, a rubber a having a specific hysteresis ratio or a layer mainly composed of the rubber a and a hard material d are laminated vertically or horizontally. Or a vibration damping material 11 in which these are arranged coaxially.

In this case, the hard material is not particularly limited. For example, metal (lead), ceramics, glass, F
RP, plastics, polyurethane, high hardness rubber, wood, rock, sand, paper, leather and the like can be used.

The shape of the hard material is plate-like, net-like,
Various structures such as a wavy shape, a honeycomb shape, and a woven fabric are used.

The vibration damping material used in the present invention may further be (C): a composite unit of the above structures (A) and (B) and a hard plate.

For example, as shown in FIG. 12, a vibration damping material 12 in which a hard plate f is adhered to the upper and lower surfaces of a structure e having the structure of FIG.
In practice, it is advantageous to use one or two or more of the unit damping materials 12 in a horizontal or vertical direction. In the case of two or more superpositions, the units used may be of the same type or different in structure and composition.

In such a configuration, examples of the hard plate used include metal, ceramics, FRP, plastics, glass, wood, paper, polyurethane, and high hardness rubber.

In the case where the hard plate is provided as described above, it is important to bond the rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio to the hard plate. As a bonding method, there are a method of bonding a rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio and a hard plate with an adhesive, and a method of integrally bonding the rubber having a specific hysteresis ratio to the hard plate during a crosslinking reaction at a high temperature. However, in order to further increase the adhesive force, as shown in FIG. 13, the same or different rubbers b having a high degree of cross-linking may be interposed at the interface between the rubber a having a specific hysteresis ratio and the hard plate f, if necessary. It is extremely effective to form the vibration damping material 13 cross-linked by bonding. Also, for bonding,
A suitable adhesive may be used.

The vibration damping device for construction of the present invention is shown in FIG.
As you can see, the braces 25 on the pillars 21 and 22 and the beams 23 and 24
When mounting, brace from upper floor and shake from lower floor
With a small gap between the floors, that is, connected to the upper floor of the building
(Plate-shaped part) 25A and the lower floor of the building
Form a gap between the member (plate-like portion) 25B (at the arrow)
The damping material (as shown)
No) is inserted, and when the building shakes,
The upper beam 23 and the lower beam 24 cause relative displacement,
The plate-like portion 25A and the plate-like portion 25B perform relative motion with each other.
As a result, the inserted damping material undergoes repeated deformation.
At this time, the damping effect of the inserted damping material is large.
Therefore, the shaking of the building can be effectively reduced.

[0056]

As described in detail above , the vibration damper for construction of the present invention is used.
The device has a damping material mainly composed of a rubber material having specific physical properties, and has the following advantages as compared with a conventional device using a viscous damping material using oil. Things. The temperature dependence, speed dependence, etc. of the hysteresis loss characteristics can be selected according to the characteristics of each rubber material. Molding is easy. Easy handling and construction of products. Easy maintenance.
Therefore, the cost of the product can be reduced. The attenuation efficiency is high and the device can be made compact.

Moreover, the vibration damping material according to the present invention has no disadvantages of the plastic vibration damping material and has remarkably excellent characteristics as compared with the conventional plastic vibration damping material.

In addition, the vibration damping material according to the present invention does not have the problem of a sudden decrease in the elastic modulus with respect to an increase in deformation, which is a problem when uncrosslinked rubber is used.

That is, according to the present invention, there is provided an unprecedentedly excellent architectural vibration damping device having both high hysteresis of a rubber material having a specific hysteresis ratio and excellent mechanical properties.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

It is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention; FIG.

3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

It is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention; FIG.

5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

7 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

8 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

9 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

It is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention; FIG.

11 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

12 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a damping material according to the present invention.

13 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of the damping material according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a stress-strain curve of a material.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of a brace type vibration damping method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 1
2, 13 Damping material a Rubber with specific hysteresis ratio b Highly crosslinked rubber c Uncrosslinked rubber d Hard material

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI F16F 15/08 F16F 15/08 D // C08L 21/00 C08L 21/00 (56) References JP-A-63-75232 (JP, A) JP-A-63-22847 (JP, A) JP-A-62-83139 (JP, A) Patent 2832986 (JP, B2) The Natural Rubber Formula Ford Index of the Natural Medicine Indexer's Newsletter , 52-55, 336-339 (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F16F 1/36 F16F 7/12 F16F 15/02-15/08 E04H 9/02 E04B 1/36

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A member 25A connected to the upper floor of a building and a building
A member 25B connected to the lower floor of the object;
With vibration damping material inserted between 5BBuilding dampers
And When the building shakes, the members 25A and 25B
And the damping material between them is repeatedly deformed and
Attenuate shaking of things In a vibration damping device for a building, the vibration damping material has a hysteresis at 25 ° C. and a tensile deformation of 50%.
Ratio (h₅₀) Is 0.40 or more and changes 0.01% repeatedly
The storage elastic modulus of rubber at 0 ° C and 30 ° C during
When E (0 °) and E (30 °), the ratio E (0 °)
゜) / E (30 ゜) is 5 or less mainly
The rubber material is ethylene propylene rubber (EPR, EP
DM), nitrile rubber (NBR), butyl rubber (II
R), halogenated butyl rubber (CIR), chloroprene
Rubber (CR), natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (I
R), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), butadiene
Rubber (BR), acrylic rubber (AR), polyurethane
(UR), silicone rubber (SiR), fluorine rubber (F
R), chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM) and
One or more of chlorinated polyethylene (CPE)
The rubber materials are defined as follows for each rubber material.
The minimum amount of crosslinking agent10-60Weight% crosslinking agent
Characterized in that it is a partially crosslinked rubber material
Building vibration dampers. [Table 1]