JP3314381B2 - Oil recovery device and oil recovery method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oil recovery apparatus and an oil recovery method for recovering oil spilled to the sea, lake or marsh due to an accident or disaster.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, there have been many accidents in which tankers or the like loaded with oil such as heavy oil collide or stranded, and a large amount of oil spilled into the sea, and the spilled oil floated to destroy the natural environment. ing. In particular, in the case of an accident near an ocean current or an accident during stormy weather, oil that has flowed into the sea and floated on the surface of the sea (hereinafter also referred to as “floating oil”) is diffused by ocean currents and rough waves, so The entire natural environment will be destroyed. Once the natural environment is destroyed, it takes a lot of time to return to the original state.To prevent the destruction of the natural environment as little as possible, collect the floating oil as soon as possible after the accident, Oil must not spread over large areas of the sea.

Under the circumstances described above, several methods and apparatuses for recovering suspended oil have been conventionally devised. For example, a conventional oil recovery method is to spread an oil fence around the accident site to prevent the spread of floating oil, and to put out a boat for oil recovery in the sea area surrounded by the oil fence, For example, there is a manual collection method in which floating oil is scooped up or the floating oil is adsorbed on an adsorption mat. There is also a method in which floating oil is sucked up and collected by an oil recovery boat having a special oil recovery device using a pump without manual operation.

[0004]

However, first of all,
In a recovery method in which the floating oil is scooped up with a ladle or the like and the floating oil is adsorbed on the adsorption mat, there is a problem that the recovery efficiency is poor because the recovery is performed manually. In addition, in such a method, there is a problem that the worker's health is impaired, for example, oil adheres to the body of the worker, or the worker feels bad because of the smell of the oil.

[0005] In addition, the conventional method using a special oil recovery device, while somewhat resolving the problems caused by the manual recovery method described above, consumes a large amount of energy as power for the oil recovery device and has a rough weather. If the waves are high due to such factors, there is a problem that the efficiency of recovering floating oil is poor. In addition, the conventional oil recovery apparatus has a problem that the structure is complicated, the design and manufacturing require complicated steps, and the manufacturing cost is high.

[0006] As described above, in the conventional method of recovering floating oil, a lot of human labor is required, or a special oil recovery apparatus having a complicated structure and a high production cost is used. There was a problem that the oil recovery efficiency was poor.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to reduce human labor, to have a simple structure, to have a low manufacturing cost, and to require no spontaneous power. In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide an oil recovery apparatus capable of efficiently recovering floating oil and an oil recovery method capable of efficiently recovering floating oil using the oil recovery apparatus.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil recovery apparatus comprising: a storage portion for storing floating oil on a water surface; and an oil collecting device integrally provided on an upper portion of the storage portion. And a waveguide portion having a plurality of vertical walls for guiding floating oil to the opening by utilizing the motion of waves. And the floating oil goes up by the wave motion
Face the waveguide so that it is guided to the opening
In such a manner as to be higher in accordance with the above.

[0009] In this oil recovery apparatus, the floating oil is guided to the opening by utilizing the motion of the wave amplified by the waveguide, and then flows over the edge of the opening into the housing to be stored therein. You.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the oil recovery apparatus according to the first aspect, further comprising a small hole provided on a bottom surface of the storage section for discharging unnecessary water stored in the storage section. And a check valve provided on the bottom surface of the storage unit to prevent unnecessary backflow of water from the outside into the storage unit through the small hole.

In this oil recovery device, unnecessary water stored in the storage section is discharged from a small hole provided in the bottom surface of the storage section. In addition, the backflow prevention valve prevents unnecessary backflow of water from the outside into the housing portion through the small hole.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the oil recovery apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the housing portion is formed in a cylindrical or regular polygonal prism shape, and the waveguide portion is formed in a truncated cone shape or a truncated pyramid shape. It is formed radially on the surface of the waveguide so that the interval between two adjacent vertical walls of the plurality of vertical walls gradually decreases toward the opening.

In this oil recovery apparatus, a wave containing floating oil traveling from an arbitrary direction is guided to the opening by the vertical wall, and the wave height is increased as the wave approaches the opening, so that the floating oil contained in the wave is removed. Efficiently ascending to the opening, reliably flows from the opening into the inside of the storage portion and is stored.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the oil recovery apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein a perforated plate having a plurality of small holes is disposed in the housing portion.

In this oil recovery device, the perforated plate having a plurality of small holes disposed in the storage portion facilitates the separation of water and oil stored in the storage portion, and the fluid stored in the storage portion. In the vertical direction.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an oil recovery apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, further comprising a buoyancy member for preventing the opening of the waveguide section from being submerged in water. Is provided.

In this oil recovery device, the buoyancy member allows
The buoyancy is increased toward the opening of the waveguide, and the opening is prevented from being submerged in water.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the oil recovery apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the opening of the waveguide is formed as a circular or regular polygonal opening. The outer size and the outer size of the waveguide are formed in a ratio of 1: 5.

In this oil recovery device, since the outer dimension of the opening is reduced to one fifth of the outer dimension of the waveguide, the housing and the waveguide are moved by a predetermined angle by the motion of the wave containing the floating oil. Even if it is inclined, the positional deviation of the height of the edge of the opening can be suppressed. Further, since the outer size of the opening and the outer size of the waveguide portion are formed at a ratio of 1: 5, and the opening is slightly higher than the average water level, the floating oil contained in the wave can be efficiently collected. At the same time, the collected oil is prevented from flowing out of the opening.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the oil recovery method, two oil fences connected by a connecting portion capable of discharging the floating oil on the water surface are arranged so as to surround the floating oil on the water surface.
A storage part for storing floating oil on the water surface, an opening provided integrally with the upper part of the storage part to allow the floating oil to flow into the storage part, and the floating oil is supplied to the opening by using a wave motion. A plurality of oil recovery devices having a waveguide portion having a plurality of vertical walls and guides are arranged on the water surface downstream of the oil fence,
The two oil fences guide the floating oil on the water surface to the connecting portion of the two oil fences, discharge the guided floating oil from the connecting portion, and discharge the floating oil discharged from the connecting portion to the oil fence. The oil is collected by a plurality of oil collecting devices arranged on the downstream side.

In this oil recovery method, the floating oil is surrounded by two oil fences, and the floating oil in the surrounded oil fence is guided to a connection portion between the two oil fences. Further, the guided floating oil is discharged from the connecting portion, and the floating oil discharged from the connecting portion is recovered by a plurality of oil recovery devices disposed downstream of the oil fence.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment] First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
It is an external view which shows the outline | summary of the oil recovery apparatus which concerns on embodiment about the case where an accommodating part is cylindrical and a waveguide part is made into a truncated-cone shape. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the oil recovery device according to the present embodiment. Further, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of oil recovery by the oil recovery device according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the outer dimensions of the housing 12 and the waveguide 13
Is substantially equal to the outer dimension of the waveguide section 13, but the outer dimension of the housing section 12 may be smaller than the outer dimension of the waveguide section 13. In the following description, “water” is a basic fluid that constitutes a water surface on which the oil recovery device floats, for example,
When the oil recovery device is used floating on the sea surface, it means seawater.

The oil recovery device 10 is used while floating on the surface of the sea or the like when recovering floating oil. As shown in FIG. 1, a storage unit 12 for storing floating oil,
A waveguide 13 provided integrally on the upper part of the housing 12
And The storage section 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape,
It comprises a cylindrical bottom surface 12a and a cylindrical side surface 12b. The waveguide section 13 is formed in a truncated cone shape, the surface is inclined with respect to the water surface, and an opening 13 a for allowing floating oil to flow into the housing section 12 is formed in the upper center, for example, in a circular shape. It is formed in a shape. A plurality of vertical walls 13b for guiding floating oil to the opening 13a are provided on the inclined surface of the waveguide 13. This oil recovery device 1
0 is such that the opening 13a always floats at a substantially constant height with respect to the water surface such that the opening 13a is vertically upward at a position higher than the waterline 21 on the water surface. More specifically,
Before the collection of the floating oil, the storage portion 12 is filled with water and floats, and at the time of the collection of the floating oil, the water corresponding to the volume of the collected floating oil is discharged to the outside, so that the floating oil is discharged. Before and after collection, it can be floated at a substantially constant height relative to the water surface.

The basic structure of the oil recovery apparatus 10 is as follows.
For example, it is made of a fabric reinforcement plastic (FRP) having a thickness of about 1 cm.
The oil recovery device 10 is configured such that a buoyancy member (not shown) is fixed to a basic structural portion such as an FRP.
This buoyancy member, when submerged in water, has an opening 13a
This is for increasing the buoyancy of the oil recovery device 10 in water as it goes toward the center. For example, the oil recovery device 10 is configured by a member having a thickness of about 10 cm in which urethane resin is applied to styrene foam. The buoyancy member is formed by an inner wall portion of the waveguide portion 13 and a vertical wall 13b on the surface of the waveguide portion 13.
It is fixed to. By providing the buoyancy member in the waveguide section 13 as described above, the buoyancy of the oil recovery device 10 rapidly increases toward the opening 13a, so that the oil recovery device 10 can be prevented from sinking in water more than necessary, and the opening 13a Can be prevented from sinking in water. The situation in which the oil recovery device 10 sinks in the water more than necessary occurs, for example, when a large wave is generated on the water surface and the oil recovery device 10 descends when the movement of the wave changes from downward to upward. It can happen when such inertia force works.

It is desirable that the inner diameter of the storage section 12 is formed to be large to some extent so as to suppress the vertical movement of the floating oil stored therein and to maintain the stability of the apparatus.
It is formed with an inner diameter of about 3 to 4 m.

As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of small holes 31 for discharging unnecessary water stored in the storage portion 12 are formed in the cylindrical bottom surface 12a of the storage portion 12, and the small holes 31 correspond to the small holes 31. And a backflow prevention valve 32 for preventing unnecessary backflow of water into the housing portion 12 from the outside through the small hole 31.

The small holes 31 are used to discharge an amount of inflow water 33 corresponding to the stored floating oil to the outside of the apparatus when recovering the floating oil. Since the specific gravity of the oil is lower than that of the water, the recovered oil 34 accumulates in the upper portion of the storage portion 12, and only the inflow water 33 is efficiently discharged to the outside from the small holes 31. Thereby, before and after the collection of the floating oil, the height of the liquid level in the storage portion 12 is kept substantially constant. For example, the oil recovery device 10 is guided around the position where the oil recovery device 10 floats. It is designed to float at an almost constant height with respect to the average water level in a water area about 5 to 10 times the outer diameter of the portion 13.

4 to 6 are views for explaining the structure of the check valve 32. FIG. 4 and FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the entire structure of the check valve 32;
FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the structure of the valve element 52 in the check valve 32. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the check valve 32 includes a frame 51 erected from the vicinity of the small hole 31 in the cylindrical bottom surface 12 a toward the inside of the housing 12, and the frame 51.
And a valve body 52 attached to the second member.
The frame body 51 is, for example, formed upright in a cylindrical shape, and FRP or the like is applied as a material thereof. An opening 51a for discharging unnecessary water is provided, for example, in a circular shape in the upper central portion of the frame body 51. Valve element 52
Is mounted on the upper inner wall surface of the frame 51 so that the opening 51a provided in the frame 51 can be opened and closed.

As shown in FIG. 6, the valve body 52 has a main body 53 formed by processing a rubber plate or the like, a buoyancy member 54 attached to the upper surface of the main body 53, and supplements the rigidity of the main body 53. Stiffening member 5 attached to the lower surface of the main body 53
5 is provided. The main body 53 has a shape corresponding to the shape of the upper opening 51a of the frame 51, and has a size capable of closing at least the opening 51a. In addition, a part of the main body 53 is fixed to an upper inner wall surface of the frame body 51 with a fixing portion 53a fixed with an adhesive or the like.
It has become. The stiffening member 55 is made of, for example, FRP.

The buoyancy member 54 serves to make the specific gravity of the entire valve body 52 smaller than that of the external water. By setting the specific gravity of the entire valve element 52 to a value smaller than that of the external water, when the oil recovery device 10 is in an equilibrium state, the valve element 52 will
As shown in (1), the opening 51a acts to close. In addition, by collecting the floating oil, the storage portion 12
When the weight of the fluid inside is increasing, the valve body 52 acts to open the opening 51a as shown in FIG. In this case, water according to the volume of the floating oil collected from the opening 13a of the waveguide 13 is discharged to the outside through the small holes 31 provided in the cylindrical bottom surface 12a. When water is unnecessarily reversely flowed into the housing 12 from the outside, the valve body 52 acts to close the opening 51a as shown in FIG. The state in which water easily flows backward means that, for example, a large wave is generated on the water surface, and when the movement of the wave changes from descending to ascending, inertia force such that the oil recovery device 10 descends acts. It is in the state where it is. In such a case, there is a relative speed difference between the vertically upward speed of the external water at the bottom position of the oil recovery device 10 and the vertically downward speed of the oil recovery device 10, thereby causing the external Water is likely to flow back. In such a state, the check valve 32 acts to close the opening 51a, so that unnecessary backflow of water from the outside into the housing 12 can be prevented. Thereby, for example, the cylindrical bottom surface 12a
When water flows back into the housing portion 12 through the small hole 31 of the housing portion 1,
It is possible to prevent a situation in which the liquid level in 2 rises and the collected oil 34 that has been collected flows out from the opening 13 a of the waveguide 13.

As shown in FIG. 3, two perforated plates 36a and 36b are fixed horizontally inside the accommodating portion 12. The perforated plates 36a and 36b are arranged, for example, at positions that divide the housing portion 12 into three equal parts in the vertical direction. In addition, the number of perforated plates 36a and 36b arranged in the housing part 12 is not limited to two,
There may be one or three or more.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the structure of the perforated plates 36a and 36b. The perforated plates 36a and 36b are, for example, F
As shown in FIG. 7, for example, a plurality of small holes 37 having a diameter of about 30 cm are provided. The plurality of small holes 37 are formed in a cross shape in a small hole row 37a,
37b, and four small holes 37 are arranged at approximately equal intervals between the small hole rows 37a and 37b. Two perforated plates 36a, 36b
Is desirably arranged in the accommodating portion 12 such that the small holes 37 of the two perforated plates 36a and 36b do not overlap when viewed from the vertical direction. For example, two perforated plates 36
It is desirable that the cross-shaped small hole rows 37a and 37b of a and 36b are arranged so as to form an angle of about 22.5 degrees when viewed from the vertical direction. As a result, 2 viewed from the vertical direction
The arrangement of the plurality of small holes 37 in the two perforated plates 36a and 36b can be made substantially uniform. In addition, in the two perforated plates 36a and 36b, the position where the small hole 37 is provided is not limited to the arrangement shown in FIG. 7, and may be another arrangement. However, the plurality of small holes 37 are provided so as to be substantially equidistant from each other, and are provided substantially uniformly distributed throughout so as not to cause a bias in the arrangement position. desirable.

The perforated plates 36a and 36b act to promote the separation of the water and oil stored in the storage section 12, and also suppress the vertical movement of the water and oil stored in the storage section 12. , So that the oil recovery device 10 can be stably floated on the water surface. In addition, the perforated plates 36a and 36b can prevent the collected oil 34 stored in the storage section 12 from flowing out of the small holes 31 to the outside. The main cause of the recovery oil 34 flowing out of the small holes 31 is as follows, for example. First, when the oil is collected, the oil flows from the opening 13a so as to fall almost vertically downward into the housing portion 12, but at this time, since there is not much difference in the density of the oil and the water, the oil is It is conceivable that the inertia at the time of dropping reaches the cylindrical bottom surface 12a of the housing portion 12 and flows out of the small hole 31 to the outside. Further, the oil recovery device 10 is shaken by the wave, so that the oil already contained is removed from the cylindrical bottom surface 12a.
And flows out of the small holes 31 to the outside. The perforated plates 36a and 36b can suppress the vertical movement of the fluid stored in the storage unit 12, so that the collected oil 34 is prevented from flowing out of the small holes 31 to the outside due to the above-described causes. it can.

The diameter a of the opening 13a of the waveguide 13 (FIG. 2)
It is desirable that the oil recovery device 10 be formed in a somewhat small circular shape so that even if the oil recovery device 10 is slightly inclined, the height of the opening 13a is unlikely to have a positional deviation, for example, a circular opening having a diameter of about 1 m. It is formed. Further, it is desirable that the diameter a of the opening 13a and the outer dimension b of the waveguide portion 13 be formed in a ratio of about 1: 5.

The vertical wall 13b has, for example, 8
The individual walls are formed upright. As shown in FIG. 2, the interval between two adjacent vertical walls 13b is formed radially at an angle β equally divided into 45 degrees, for example, so as to become narrower toward the opening 13a. .
Thus, narrow eight waveguide width toward the opening 13a in the vertical wall 13b adjacent 13b ₁ to 13
The b ₈ are formed radially. The vertical wall 13b is for efficiently storing floating oil contained in the wave in the housing portion 12 using the motion of the wave containing floating oil, and according to the principle described later, as shown in FIG. As the wave approaches the opening 13a, the wave height is increased, and the floating oil contained in the wave efficiently goes up to the edge of the opening 13a to ensure that the opening 13
a to flow into the inside of the housing portion 12 and housed therein.

Next, the operation of the oil recovery apparatus 10 configured as described above will be described together with the principle of recovering floating oil by the waveguide 13.

First, with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3, the principle that floating oil contained in a wave is guided to the opening 13a by the vertical wall 13b will be described. Generally, a wave whose wavelength is sufficiently long with respect to the water depth is called a long wave. The wave that has reached the oil recovery device 10 can be said to have the property of this long wave in the waveguide portion 13. This is, as described above, the oil recovery device 1
As can be seen from the fact that the opening 13a of 0 is floating at a position higher than the average height of the waterline 21 (FIG. 1) on the water surface, the water depth in the waveguide 13 is shallower with respect to the wavelength of the arrived wave. is there.

As described above, when the wave arriving at the oil recovery apparatus 10 is a long wave, the wave motion in the waveguide 13 follows the Green's formula. The Green's formula is a formula showing the relationship between the width of the wave traveling path and the change in wave height with respect to the water depth, and is expressed by the following equation (1). In this equation (1), H is the wave height at the position of width x and water depth y in the traveling path, and H ₀ is the wave height at the position of width x ₀ and water depth y _{0 in} the traveling path. From this equation (1), for example, a certain wave has a wide width x ₀ and a deep water depth y
It can be seen that the wave height H increases with respect to the initial wave height H ₀ when the wave travels from a travel route of _{0 to} a travel route of narrow width x and shallow water depth y.

H = H ₀ (x ₀ / x) ^1/2 (y ₀ / y) ^1/4 (1)

Equation (1) generally holds for a portion where a wave does not deform, and does not apply to a portion where a wave deforms. However, as a phenomenon of waves, when the traveling path width of the waves gradually narrows and the bottom surface of the traveling path of the waves is inclined and the water depth decreases, the wave height increases as the waves progress even after deformation. It is known to For this reason, when the traveling path width of the wave is gradually narrowed and the bottom surface is inclined, the wave is deformed when it reaches a portion where the water depth is shallow, and then it is easy to go up the slope. Such a property of the water surface wave is almost the same even when oil is floating on the surface.

Accordingly, the oil recovery apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment
0, the waveguide 1 formed by the vertical wall 13b
By the action of 3b ₁ 13 b _8, with the width of the wave traveling path of narrowed as it travels to the opening 13a, the surface of the waveguide 13 is inclined relative to the surface of the water, the water depth becomes shallower,
As the wave approaches the opening 13a, the wave height increases, and the floating oil easily flows into the housing 12 from the opening 13a. In this way, the wave including the floating oil that has reached the oil recovery device 10 is favorably guided to the opening 13a by the vertical wall 13b, and the wave height is increased as the wave approaches the opening 13a, as shown in FIG. In addition, the floating oil contained in the wave efficiently goes up to the edge of the opening 13a and reliably flows into the housing portion 12 from the opening 13a and is stored therein.

The oil recovery device 10 according to the present embodiment
According to the above, the accommodating portion 12 is formed in a cylindrical shape and the waveguide portion 1
3 is formed in the shape of a truncated cone, a wave including floating oil traveling from an arbitrary direction is favorably guided to the opening 13a by the vertical wall 13b. to explain the relationship of the amount of water containing floating oil introduced by each of the direction and the waveguide 13b ₁ 13 b _8.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the direction of the traveling direction X ₁ and the center line O1 of the waves on the water flow rate is described comprising a floating oil introduced by waveguide 13b ₁ that match.
In this case, in the waveguide 13b _1, wave between two vertical walls 13b adjacent enters linearly. At this time,
Guided into the waveguide 13b ₁ during one period of the wave, the aperture 13
The volume ΔQ of the water containing the floating oil flowing into the
(FIG. 3), a central angle β between adjacent vertical walls 13b, a diameter a of the opening 13a, an outer dimension b of the waveguide portion 13,
The average from the water surface to the opening 13a a height h (FIG. 3), the width L of the inlet of the waveguide 13b _1, height H of the wave entering the waveguide 13b _1, the wavelength of the wave entering the waveguide 13b ₁ lambda And is represented by the following equation (2).

ΔQ = (Hλ · L) × f (H / λ, h / H, α, b / a, a / (ba) · tan β / 2, (ba) / λ · cos β / 2) … (2)

At this time, from various studies on the motion of the waves, the inclination angle α of the waveguide 13 is 20 to 30 degrees, the central angle β between the adjacent vertical walls 13 b is 30 to 50 degrees,
The height h from the average water surface to the opening 13a is about 0.5 times or less the wave height H, and the ratio a: b of the diameter a of the opening 13a to the outer dimension b of the waveguide 13 is about 1: 5. It is considered that the floating oil efficiently flows into the opening 13a. Therefore, for example, if the oil recovery apparatus 10 is used on a water surface having a wave having a wave height H of 0.75 m or more, the opening 13a
Height h is about 0.4 m, and the diameter a of the opening 13a is
It is considered that it is desirable to set the outer diameter b of the waveguide portion 13 to about 5 m.

Meanwhile, for example, as in the waveguide 13b _7,
And orientation of the center line O2, does not coincide with the traveling direction X ₂ waves,
When the center line O2 and the moving direction X ₂ of the wave has an angle θ, unlike the case of the waveguide 13b _1, waveguide 1
Waves entering the 3b ₇ it is necessary to consider the efficiency K (theta) with to proceed waveguide 13b within ₇ by changing the orientation. Further, in this case, in the waveguide 13b ₇ is
Between the width Lcosθ between two adjacent vertical walls 13b,
Waves can enter. Therefore, the volume ΔQ of the water containing floating oil guided into the waveguide 13b ₇ and flowing into the opening 13a during one cycle of the wave is represented by the following equation (3).

ΔQ = (Hλ · L) × f (H / λ, h / H, α, b / a, a / (ba) · tan β / 2, (ba) / λ · cos β / 2) K (θ) cosθ …… (3)

[0049] Here, the equation (3) for the seventh waveguide 13b _7, considering to extend about the j-th waveguide 13b _j, in the j-th waveguide 13b _j, center No lines O2 and wave traveling direction X ₂ and corner theta _j of, during the width Lcos (θ _j), the wave can be entered.
Therefore, the volume ΔQ _j of the water containing floating oil that is guided by the waveguide 13b _j and flows into the opening 13a during one cycle of the wave is represented by the following equation (4).

ΔQ = (Hλ · L) × f (H / λ, h / H, α, b / a, a / (ba) · tan β / 2, (ba) / λ · cos β / 2)・ K (θj) cos θj …… (4)

However, in this equation (4), the efficiency K (θ
_j) is, | θ _j | is a function of the positive which is defined only by the <π / 2, at θ _j = 0 1, which is an even function of monotonic change becomes zero at θ _j = π / 2. In addition, the angle θ _j is
Although the angle formed between the advancing direction X ₂ of the center line and wave _j, |
Only in the waveguide 13b _j of θ _j | <90 °, the width Lc
Waves can enter during os (θ _j ). Thus, guided in all waveguide 13b _j in period of one cycle of the wave opening 1
The total volume Q of the water containing floating oil flowing into 3a is represented by the following equation (5). That is, according to the oil recovery apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, one of the waves traveling from an arbitrary direction
During the cycle, water containing floating oil having a volume Q represented by the formula (5) is supplied from the opening 13a to the housing 12 by the vertical wall 13b.
To be contained.

Q = Σ (Hλ · L) × f (H / λ, h / H, α, b / a, a / (ba) · tan β / 2, (ba) / λ · cos β / 2)・ K (θj) cos θj …… (5)

According to the above principle, the floating oil is efficiently collected by the waveguide 13. Next, the oil recovery device 1
The overall operation of 0 will be described.

In the oil recovery device 10, before the floating oil is recovered, the storage portion 12 is filled with water and floated. When the oil recovery device 10 floats on the water surface, the floating oil is guided to the opening 13 a by the action of the waveguide portion 13. Opening 13
The floating oil guided to a is stored in the storage unit 12.
When the floating oil is stored in the storage section 12, the amount of inflow water 33 corresponding to the stored floating oil is reduced by the small holes 3 on the bottom surface.
1 to the outside of the device. At this time, the valve body 52 of the check ring 32 at the bottom of the housing 12 acts to open the opening 51a as shown in FIG. When floating oil is stored, the oil has a lower specific gravity than water, so that in the storage section 12, the recovered oil 34 is stored at the upper part and the inflow water 33 is stored at the lower part, and the inflow collected at the lower part is stored. Only the water 33 is efficiently discharged from the small holes 31 to the outside. Thereby, when recovering the floating oil, the height of the liquid level in the storage section 12 is kept almost constant, and the oil recovery device 10 always keeps the water level at a substantially constant height with respect to the average water level outside. I can float. Therefore, the recovery efficiency of the floating oil can be kept almost constant.

As the floating oil is stored in the storage section 12, the boundary surface 35 between the inflow water 33 and the recovered oil 34 is lowered, and the recovered oil 34 easily flows out of the small holes 31 to the outside. By the action of the perforated plates 36a and 36b provided inside, the up and down movement of the fluid in the storage section 12 is suppressed, so that the recovery oil 34 is prevented from flowing out. Also,
When water is unnecessarily backflowed from the outside into the housing 12 unnecessarily, the valve body 52 of the backflow prevention valve 32 acts to close the opening 51a as shown in FIG. In addition, it is possible to prevent the water from unnecessarily flowing back into the storage unit 12.

As described above, according to the oil recovery apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, the structure is simple, and therefore, the production is easy and the production cost can be reduced. Further, as can be seen from the fact that the oil recovery device 10 efficiently accommodates floating oil using the motion of waves containing floating oil, the oil recovery device 10 uses the motion of waves as a power source. It does not require spontaneous power as in a device utilizing the like, and does not need to supply a power source such as electric power.

Further, the oil recovery device 1 according to the present embodiment
According to 0, since the movement of the wave is used as a power source, the higher the wave, the higher the recovery efficiency, and the higher the wave in stormy weather as in the conventional device, the lower the recovery efficiency. Absent. Further, at the time of actual oil recovery, the oil recovery can be performed only by floating the oil recovery device 10 on the surface of the water such as the sea, so that human labor can be reduced.

Further, a small hole 31 for discharging the inflow water 33 in an amount corresponding to the floating oil stored in the storage unit 12 to the outside of the apparatus is provided on the bottom surface of the storage unit 12, so that the small hole 31 is collected before and after the recovery of the floating oil. In this case, the height of the liquid level in the storage section 12 can be kept almost constant, and the oil recovery device 10 can always float at a substantially constant height with respect to the average water level outside, so that the efficiency of recovering floating oil can be improved. Can be kept almost constant.

Further, since the check valve 32 is provided on the cylindrical bottom surface 12a of the housing portion 12, it is possible to prevent unnecessary backflow of water from the outside into the housing portion 12 through the small hole 31. Can be. In addition, since the check valve 32 is provided in the interior direction of the housing portion 12, the balance of the entire apparatus is excellent.

As described above, according to the oil recovery apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, human labor can be reduced, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and no spontaneous power is required. In addition, floating oil can be efficiently collected.

[Second Embodiment] Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
An embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, the single configuration, operation, and effect of the oil recovery device 10 have been described. In the present embodiment, however, a plurality of the oil recovery devices 10 described in the first embodiment are used. An oil recovery method for recovering floating oil will be described.

FIGS. 8 and 9 are views for explaining an example of the oil recovery method according to the present embodiment, and show the arrangement of the oil recovery apparatus 10. FIG. As shown in this figure, in the oil recovery method according to the present embodiment, two oil fences 41 a and 41 b having one end connected to each other by a rope 46 are arranged in a region downstream of the outflow source 44 of the floating oil. At the same time, a plurality of oil recovery devices 10 are arranged downstream of the oil fences 41a and 41b to recover floating oil.

At this time, the plurality of oil recovery devices 10 are connected by a rope 42 so that, for example, the whole is arranged in a square shape. Then, among the plurality of oil recovery devices 10 arranged in a square shape, for example, four diagonal oil recovery devices 10a to 10d are further connected to the ship 40a by a rope 42.
To 40d, and the connected vessels 40a to 40d control the positions of the plurality of oil recovery devices 10 (FIG. 8). Also, four diagonal oil recovery devices 10a to 10a
d instead of connecting vessels 40a to 40d.
To 43d, and the anchors 43a to 43d may be anchored by anchoring in water (FIG. 9).

When the oil recovery device 10 is connected with the rope 42, the rope 42 is connected to, for example, a portion of the cylinder side 12 b below the water surface of the oil recovery device 10. With such a connection, the oil fence 41 and the rope 42 do not overlap with each other and interfere with each other, so that both can be favorably used together.

On the other hand, the oil fences 41a and 41b also
The other end is connected to the ships 45a, 45b with a rope 47,
The position of the oil fences 41a and 41b is controlled by the connected ships 45a and 45b. At this time, the oil fences 41a and 41b surround the floating oil and
The surrounding floating oil is arranged so as to be guided to the rope 46 connecting one end of each other.
It is desirable to make adjustments according to the tide and wind direction. For example, if the direction of the tidal current does not change much, the oil fences 41a and 41b are arranged at positions where the floating oil is received downstream of the tidal current. Further, similar oil fences may be arranged two or three times outside the oil fences 41a and 41b according to the situation.

The ropes 46 connecting the ends of the oil fences 41a and 41b to each other are connected to the oil fences 41a and 41b.
1b, surrounded by oil fences 41a, 41b
To allow the floating oil guided to one end to be discharged to the outside. The length of the rope 46 serving as a connection between the oil fences 41a and 41b can be changed as necessary so that floating oil can be efficiently discharged to the outside. The appropriate length of the rope 46 is, for example, the ship 4
The position of the oil fences 41a and 41b is controlled by 5a and 45b.
It can be determined by the length of 1a, 41b, the speed of the flow of water, the height of the waves, and the like.

The above oil recovery method can be used, for example, when a tanker or the like has an oil spill accident at sea. In this case, first, in the sea area around the accident site, the outside of the outflow source 44 of the floating oil caused by the accident is surrounded by the oil fences 41a and 41b, and the oil recovery device is provided downstream of the oil fences 41a and 41b. 10
As many as necessary according to the amount of oil spilled. At this time, if the accident occurs in a place where the ocean current occurs, the oil fences 41a and 41b and the oil recovery device 10 are mainly installed downstream of the accident site. Also,
At this time, the oil fences 41a and 41b are
Heavy surroundings can more effectively prevent the spread of floating oil. Further, the floating oil guided by the oil fences 41a and 41b is recovered to some extent by the plurality of oil recovery devices 10 as described above, and when the floating oil layer on the sea surface becomes thinner, the oil fence is gradually reduced. 41a, 41
b to reduce the surrounding area,
By shortening the rope 46 connecting b, the layer of the floating oil can be made thicker, and the recovery efficiency can be favorably maintained. As described above, the oil recovery method according to the present embodiment makes it possible to efficiently recover floating oil in response to an oil spill accident.

When the waves are weak, the rope 42 is pulsated for a short period of time by the vessels 40a to 40d to which the oil recovery devices 10a to 10d are connected, in addition to the conventional oil recovery device. Thus, the plurality of oil recovery devices 10 connected to the rope 42 may be swung. Thereby, a new water surface wave is generated in a chain, and the collection efficiency can be improved.

As described above, according to the oil recovery method of the present embodiment, the floating oil is supplied to the two oil fences 4
1a, 41b, the floating oil in the enclosed oil fences 41a, 41b is guided to a rope 46 which is a connecting portion between the two oil fences 41a, 41b, and is discharged. Oil fence 4
A plurality of oil recovery devices 10 arranged downstream of 1a and 41b
Therefore, the floating oil can be prevented from diffusing, and the floating oil can be efficiently collected using the oil recovery device 10. Note that the configuration, operation, and effects of the oil recovery device 10 in the present embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made. For example, in the above embodiments, the waveguide 13, 8 provided vertical wall 13b, eight waveguides 13b ₁ to 13
an example is described of forming a b _8, the vertical wall 13b eight more or less in number arranged than the, may be formed more or fewer waveguide than eight.

In each of the above embodiments, the housing 12
Is formed in a cylindrical shape, but the shape of the housing portion 12 may be another shape. For example, the housing 12 may be formed in a regular polygonal shape close to a cylindrical shape. Similarly, the shape of the waveguide portion 13 integrated on the upper portion of the housing portion 12 is not limited to the truncated cone shape, but may be another shape. Further, the opening 13a of the waveguide 13 is not limited to a circular shape, but may be, for example, a regular polygon.

Further, in the second embodiment, a plurality of oil recovery devices 10 are arranged downstream of the oil fences 41a and 41b to recover the floating oil, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. As described above, a plurality of the oil recovery devices 10 are arranged in a region on the downstream side of the outflow source 44 of the floating oil, and the plurality of arranged oil recovery devices 10 are surrounded by the single oil fence 41 together with the floating oil. The floating oil may be collected in the area surrounded by 41.

[0073]

As described above, claims 1 to 6
According to the oil recovery device described in any one of the above, the waveguide portion guides the floating oil contained in the wave to the opening using the motion of the wave, and guides the guided floating oil to the inside of the housing portion from the opening. Because it was made to flow and housed, at the time of actual oil recovery, it is possible to perform oil recovery just by floating the device on the water surface such as the sea, it is possible to reduce human labor, the structure is simple, The production cost is low, spontaneous power is not required, and the floating oil can be efficiently recovered.

In particular, according to the oil recovery device of the second aspect, the small hole for discharging unnecessary water stored in the storage portion and the small hole from the outside are provided on the bottom surface of the storage portion. And a backflow prevention valve for preventing unnecessary backflow of water into the inside of the housing, so that unnecessary water stored in the housing is filled with small holes on the bottom surface of the housing. And the backflow prevention valve has the effect of preventing unnecessary backflow of water from the outside into the housing portion through the small hole.

In particular, according to the oil recovery device of the third aspect, the two vertical walls adjacent to the plurality of vertical walls are radially formed on the surface of the waveguide portion so that the interval gradually decreases toward the opening. Because it was formed, floating oil contained in waves traveling from any direction is guided to the opening by the vertical wall,
As the wave approaches the opening, the wave height is increased, so that the water containing oil can be efficiently moved up to the opening, so that the water can be reliably stored in the storage portion from the opening.

In particular, according to the oil recovery apparatus of the fourth aspect, since the perforated plate having a plurality of small holes is arranged in the storage section, the separation of water and oil stored in the storage section is promoted. And the vertical movement of the fluid stored in the storage part can be suppressed, and the effect of efficiently collecting the floating oil can be obtained.

In particular, according to the oil recovery apparatus of the fifth aspect, since the opening of the waveguide is provided with a buoyancy member for preventing the opening of the waveguide from being submerged in water, the oil recovery apparatus is directed toward the opening of the waveguide. As a result, the buoyancy is increased, the opening is prevented from being submerged in the water, and the effect that floating oil can be collected efficiently can be obtained.

In particular, according to the oil recovery apparatus of the sixth aspect, the opening of the waveguide is formed as a circular opening, and the outer dimension of the circular opening and the outer dimension of the waveguide are one to five. Because it is formed in the ratio, even if the housing portion and the waveguide portion are inclined by a predetermined angle due to the motion of the wave containing the floating oil, it is possible to suppress the positional deviation of the height of the edge of the opening and In addition, the floating oil contained in the waves can be more efficiently recovered, and the recovered oil can be prevented from flowing out of the opening.

Further, according to the oil recovery method of the present invention, the floating oil is surrounded by the two oil fences, and the floating oil in the surrounded oil fence is guided to the connecting portion of the two oil fences. To collect the floating oil discharged from this connecting part by oil recovery devices arranged downstream of the oil fence, so that the floating oil is prevented from diffusing and the floating oil is collected. It is possible to guide the oil to the oil recovery device, and it is possible to efficiently recover floating oil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of an oil recovery device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the configuration of the oil recovery device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state at the time of oil recovery by the oil recovery device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a check valve provided on a bottom surface of the oil recovery device shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure when the check ring shown in FIG. 4 is in an open state.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a structure of a valve body in the check valve shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a structure of a perforated plate arranged in a storage section of the oil recovery device shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of an oil recovery method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the oil recovery method according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the oil recovery method shown in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a modified example of the oil recovery method shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 oil recovery device, 12 accommodation section, 12a cylindrical bottom,
12b ... cylindrical side surface, 13 ... waveguide part, 13a ... opening, 13
b ... vertical wall, 13b ₁ 13 b ₈ ... waveguide, 31 ... small hole, 32 ... check valve, 36a, 36b ... porous plate, 4
1, 41a, 41b ... oil fence, 52 ... valve body

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) E02B 15/04-15/06 C02F 1/40

Claims (7)

(57) [Claims] A storage unit for storing the floating oil on the water surface, an opening integrally provided on an upper portion of the storage unit, for allowing the floating oil to flow into the storage unit, A waveguide portion having a plurality of vertical walls for guiding floating oil using wave motion , and wherein the floating oil runs up to the opening by wave motion.
So that the surface of the waveguide section is directed toward the opening.
An oil recovery device characterized by being inclined so as to be high . 2. A small hole provided on a bottom surface of the housing portion for discharging unnecessary water housed in the housing portion, and a small hole provided on the bottom surface of the housing portion and externally provided with the small hole. The oil recovery device according to claim 1, further comprising a check valve for preventing unnecessary back flow of water into the storage unit through the check valve. 3. The container according to claim 1, wherein the accommodation portion is cylindrical or equilateral polygonal prism-shaped.
The surface of the waveguide portion is formed such that the waveguide portion is formed in the shape of a truncated cone or a truncated pyramid, respectively, and the distance between two adjacent vertical walls of the plurality of vertical walls gradually decreases toward the opening. The oil recovery device according to claim 1, wherein the oil recovery device is formed radially on the upper surface. 4. The oil recovery device according to claim 1, wherein a perforated plate having a plurality of small holes is arranged in the housing portion. 5. The oil recovery apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a buoyancy member for preventing the opening of the waveguide section from being submerged in water. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the opening of the waveguide is formed as a circular or regular polygonal opening, and the outer dimension of the opening and the outer dimension of the waveguide are formed at a ratio of 1: 5. The oil recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: 7. An oil fence connected by a connecting portion capable of discharging floating oil on the water surface is arranged so as to surround the floating oil on the water surface, and a storage portion for storing the floating oil on the water surface. An opening provided integrally with the upper portion of the storage portion, for allowing the floating oil to flow into the storage portion, and a plurality of vertical walls for guiding the floating oil to the opening by utilizing the motion of waves. And a plurality of oil recovery devices each having a wave guide portion provided on the water surface on the downstream side of the oil fence. And the guided floating oil is discharged from the connecting portion, and the floating oil discharged from the connecting portion is recovered by a plurality of oil recovery devices disposed downstream of the oil fence. Oil recovery method.