JP3310790B2 - Tunnel construction method and construction equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for constructing a tunnel capable of effectively utilizing earth removal generated by excavation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, tunnel construction by a shield excavator is performed as follows. That is, the shield excavator obtains a reaction force to the lining body already constructed in the rear, propells by the shield jack provided in the rear part, and excavates by excavating the face by the cutter provided in the front part. . Then, the excavated tunnel is reinforced by an erector provided at the rear of the shield excavator assembling the segments to form a lining body.

[0003] The segments used for lining are transported from a wellhead to a shield excavator by a transport vehicle traveling on rails laid behind the shield excavator. In addition, the excavated earth is loaded on the shelving carrier from the rear of the shield excavator by a screw conveyor or the like of the shield excavator, and the shelving carrier on which the earth is loaded is placed on a rail laid toward the wellhead. Is transported. When the dumped soil loaded on the shear transport cart is carried out of the wellhead, it is transferred to a dump truck or the like, transported to a treatment plant, and discarded.

[0004]

However, in recent years, it has become difficult to find a treatment plant suitable for disposing of the earth removal near the construction site. The construction method of (1) has a problem that the processing of the earth removal is a very complicated operation such as transporting a large amount of earth removal to a treatment plant.

[0005] In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel construction method and a construction apparatus capable of facilitating the processing of earth removal.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a tunnel, comprising forming a pit, and solidifying a soil discharged when the pit is formed to form a constituent member of a lining body. A lining body is formed in the pit by using a constituent member of the lining body.

The method for constructing a tunnel according to claim 2 is the method for constructing a tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the constituent members of the lining body are formed by solidifying the soil by hydrothermal synthesis. It is characterized by performing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel construction method according to the first aspect, wherein the constituent members of the lining body are formed by solidifying the earth removal by sintering. It is characterized by the following.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel digging machine for digging a face, a digging device for digging the digging produced by digging of the tunnel digging machine, and a lining by solidifying the grit. A lining member manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing a constituent member of a body, and a lining member transfer device for transferring the constituent member of the lining body are provided.

[0010]

According to the tunnel construction method or tunnel construction apparatus of the present invention, the earth removal generated during the excavation of the pit is used for the lining body, so that all of the large amount of earth removal is transported to the treatment plant for disposal. Work can be reduced.

[0011]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, a shaft 1 is formed on a ground 1, and a tunnel 3 is provided at a lower end of the shaft 2 in a horizontal direction.
Are formed. An earth pressure shield excavator 10 is provided in the tunnel 3.
A cylindrical skin plate 11, a disk-shaped cutter 12 provided at a front opening end of the skin plate 11 and facing the face 3 a of the tunnel 3, and an earth pressure shield excavator 10 A screw conveyor 13 for discharging to the back of the skin plate, an erector 14 provided at the rear portion of the skin plate 11 to construct the lining body 20 by assembling the segments 21 having an arc-shaped cross section in an annular shape, And a shield jack 19 for propelling the earth pressure shield excavator 10.

In the tunnel 3, a segment carrier 16 on which segments 21 are loaded is provided so as to be able to run on rails 15 laid from the end on the side of the shaft 2 to the rear of the earth pressure shield excavator 10. In the tunnel 3, a shelving carrier 18, on which the soil discharged from the screw conveyor 13 is loaded via the belt conveyor 17, is laid from the end on the shaft 2 side to the rear of the earth pressure shield excavator 10. It is provided so that it can run on the top.

The vertical shaft 2 is provided with a transporter 22 for carrying in and out the segment transport trolley 16, the shear transport trolley 18 and the like from the wellhead 2a to the entrance of the tunnel 3.
2, a rail 15 and a segment carrier 16 constitute a lining member carrier, and the carrier 22, the screw conveyor 13, the rail 15, the belt conveyor 17 and the shear carrier 18 constitute a soil discharging device. In addition, a segment manufacturing plant 30 that manufactures the segments 21 from the earth discharged from the shelves 18 is provided near the wellhead 2a on the ground 1a.

In the segment manufacturing plant 30, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a segment manufacturing apparatus 40 for forming the segment 21 by using soil removal by hydrothermal synthesis is provided.
4 having a segment forming space S1 of the same type as
One. A piston 42 is provided on the cylinder 41 so as to be slidable vertically in the cylinder 41, and a rod 43 of a driving mechanism for driving the piston 42 in the vertical direction is provided on the piston 42. The driving mechanism is provided so as to exert a large driving force when driving the piston 42 downward. In the segment forming space S1 of the cylinder 41, the earth discharging and additives such as solidified gas and alkaline water are contained. Is filled. Also, the piston 42
Is provided with a packing 44 between itself and the cylinder 41, and a heater 45 is provided around the outer wall of the cylinder 41.

Since the earth pressure shield excavator 10, the segment manufacturing plant 30 and the like have the above-described configuration, the earth pressure shield excavator 10 is connected to the lining body 20 by the shield jack 19 as shown in FIG. The propulsion is performed by obtaining a reaction force, and the cutter 3 excavates the face 3 a to excavate.

The soil excavated by the cutter 12 is discharged to the rear of the earth pressure shield excavator 10 by the screw conveyor 13, and is transferred via the belt conveyor 17 to the shelving provided at the rear of the earth pressure shield excavator 10. The trolley 18 is loaded. The shear transport vehicle 18 is a rail 15 laid from the end on the shaft 2 side to the rear of the earth pressure shield excavator 10.
It is transported to the shaft 2 while traveling above, and is carried out by the transporter 22 from the entrance 2a of the shaft 2 to the ground 1a. Then, the earth removal is carried into the segment manufacturing plant 30, and the shear transport vehicle 18 is returned to the rear of the earth pressure shield excavator 10 in the tunnel 3 again by the transporter 22 or the like.

The soil discharged into the segment manufacturing plant 30 is compressed and solidified by the segment manufacturing apparatus 40 shown in FIG.

That is, the earth removal is introduced into the segment forming space S1 of the cylinder 41 of the segment manufacturing apparatus 40. Additives such as solidified air and alkaline water are introduced into the space S1 together with the earth removal. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing this state. Therefore, while the cylinder 41 is heated by the heater 45 shown in FIG. 2, additives such as earth removal, solidified gas, and alkaline water are compressed by the piston 42 as shown in FIG.

The segment forming space S1 of the cylinder 41
The temperature of additives such as soil removal, solidification temperament and alkaline water in the interior rises to around 300 degrees Celsius, and the pressure also increases to 200 to 30 degrees Celsius.
When the pressure rises to about 0 kg / cm 2, as shown in FIG. 5, the earth removal and the solidified gas are dissolved using water as a medium to cause a hydrothermal reaction. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, when the temperature and the pressure are lowered, the earth is discharged and solidified gas is precipitated (recrystallized) using water as a medium, and each particle changes into a crystal junction to form an integrated structure. Thereby, the segment 21 can be formed.

The segment 21 manufactured in the segment manufacturing plant 30 shown in FIG. 1 is lowered by the transporter 22 in the shaft 2 to the entrance of the tunnel 3, and can travel on the rail 15 laid in the tunnel 3. The carrier 16 transports the earth pressure shield excavator 10.

Then, the erector 14 of the earth pressure shield excavator 10 assembles the segments 21 into a cylindrical shape so as to cover the inner wall of the rear tunnel 3 to form a lining body 20. The lining of the tunnel 3 is performed in such a manner. The segment 21 is assembled by extending the existing lining body 20 in the excavation direction.

Therefore, by repeating the above steps,
The tunnel 3 can be constructed. Then, according to the above-described process, since the earth removal generated during the excavation of the tunnel 3 is used for the segment 21 of the lining body 20, all of the large amount of earth removal is transported to the treatment plant as in the related art. There is no need to dispose. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the processing amount of the earth discharging and facilitate the earth discharging processing.

In the above embodiment, the segment manufacturing plant 30 is provided on the ground 1a. However, when the tunnel 3 having a relatively large cross-sectional area is formed, concrete production is performed in the shaft 2 or the tunnel 3. Of course, a plant 30 may be provided. As a result, it is possible to shorten the discharging distance and the transport distance of the segment 21, and it is possible to reduce the time required for carrying out and carrying in and out. Therefore, the construction period can be shortened. In this case, it is needless to say that the transfer device 22 does not necessarily need to function as the lining member transfer device.

In the above embodiment, the segment manufacturing plant 30 is provided with the segment manufacturing apparatus 40 for forming the segments 21 by using the discharged soil by hydrothermal synthesis. It is also possible to provide a segment manufacturing apparatus that forms the segment 21 by using the earth removal by knotting, and to form the segment 21 from the earth removal by the segment manufacturing apparatus.

In the above embodiment, the segment manufacturing plant 30 for forming the segments 21 is provided as a lining body manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing the components of the lining body of the tunnel from the earth removal. Thus, a lining body manufacturing apparatus for forming a rectangular parallelepiped block may be used.
In this case, when the block is transported into the tunnel 3,
Stacked so as to cover the inner wall of the tunnel 3 (so-called brickwork), thereby forming a lining body.

In the segment manufacturing plant 30,
The discharged soil may be separated into sand and viscous soil to obtain coarse aggregate or fine aggregate used in prepacked concrete, and the segments 21 and blocks may be formed by the prepacked concrete.

[0027]

According to the tunnel construction method or tunnel construction apparatus of the present invention, the work of transporting a large amount of soil to the treatment plant and discarding it can be reduced. It is possible to reduce the weight and facilitate the earth removal process.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing one embodiment of a tunnel construction method and construction apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a segment manufacturing apparatus in the segment manufacturing plant of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a first step of hydrothermal synthesis.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a second step of hydrothermal synthesis.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a third step of hydrothermal synthesis.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a fourth step of hydrothermal synthesis.

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 ... Tunnel (pit) 10 ... Earth pressure shield excavator (tunnel excavator) 13 ... Screw conveyor (discharge device) 15 ... Rail (discharge device, lining member transfer device) 16 ... Segment transfer trolley (lining member) Conveying device) 17: belt conveyor (discharge device) 18: shear conveyance trolley (discharge device) 20: lining body 21: segment (component of lining body) 22: conveying device (discharge device, lining member) Conveying device) 30 ... Segment manufacturing plant (lining member manufacturing device)

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Kubo 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (72) Inventor Shigeru Goto 2-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu (72) Inventor: Takao Takeshi 1-2-3, Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Shimizu Corporation (72) Inventor: Shigeru Nishitake 1-1-1, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi Inside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Shipyard (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Sasaki 1-1-1, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi Inside Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Shipyard (72) Inventor Hitoshi Miyamoto 1-chome, Wadasakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe-shi No. 1-1 Inside Kobe Shipyard, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (56) References JP-A-5-179895 (JP, A) JP-A-63-75297 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷⁾ , DB name) E21D 11/00 E21D 11/08

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A pit is formed, and the soil removed when the pit is formed is solidified to form a constituent member of a lining body. The pit is covered with the lining body using the constituent member of the lining body. A tunnel construction method characterized by forming a body. 2. The tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein the formation of the constituent members of the lining body is performed by solidifying the soil by hydrothermal synthesis. Method. 3. The tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein the constituent members of the lining body are formed by solidifying the earth removal by sintering. . 4. A tunnel excavator for excavating a face, an earth discharging device for discharging earth removed by the excavation of the tunnel excavator, and a cover for solidifying the earth and manufacturing a constituent member of a lining body. A tunnel construction device, comprising: an engineering member manufacturing device; and a lining member transport device that transports a constituent member of the lining body.