JP3310715B2 - Incinerator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator used for incineration of waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a conventional fluidized bed incinerator used for incineration of wastes. In the figure,
The ash generated in the conventional fluidized bed incinerator 01 for waste incineration is extracted from the center of the furnace bottom, carried out by a screw type discharging device 03 while being cooled with water, and then fluidized bed by a foreign matter separating device 04. Sand and incombustibles are separated. In the figure, reference numeral 02 denotes a waste supply device, 0
5 is a fluidizing air blower, and 06 is circulating sand.

[0003]

In the conventional fluidized bed incinerator as described above, a screw-type discharge device 03 for discharging ash is mixed with a long object such as a pipe or a large incombustible material such as a tire wheel. In this case, the screw is caught between the inlet chute of the discharge device 03 or the casing and the screw, and the discharge becomes impossible. Further, the wires are also entangled with the screw shaft and cannot be discharged. In addition, the sliding of the screw blade rotating at high speed and the sand of the fluidized bed causes abrasion of the metal screw and shortens its life. Further, since the ash is water-cooled, waste heat cannot be effectively used.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An incinerator according to the present invention has an object to solve the above-mentioned problems. An incinerator for discharging cooling air to discharge ash while cooling ash, Means for sending cooling air after cooling the ash as secondary air for combustion into the furnace.

Further, the incinerator according to the present invention comprises an ash discharging device for discharging cooling air and discharging the ash while cooling the ash, and a ash discharging device for cooling the ash cooled by the ash discharging device for combustion. It is characterized by comprising a means for sending the air as the next air into the furnace, and an extruder provided in the ash discharger for extruding and discharging the ash.

[0006]

That is, in the incinerator according to the present invention, the cooling air after cooling the ash is used as secondary air for combustion in the ash discharging device for discharging the cooling air while discharging the ash while cooling the ash. The cooling air which has cooled the ash to a high temperature is used as secondary air for combustion in the incinerator.

[0007] In the incinerator according to the present invention, the cooling air after cooling the ash is used as secondary air for incineration in the ash discharge device for discharging the cooling air while discharging the ash while cooling the ash. The ash is discharged to the ash discharge device, and the ash is extruded and discharged.The cooling air that has cooled the ash and has become hot is used as the secondary air for combustion in the incinerator. The ash is discharged without clogging the ash discharge device.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a fluidized bed incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the fluidized bed incinerator according to the present embodiment is used for incineration of wastes and the like. The sand and the incombustibles in the fluidized bed are separated while being discharged by the ash discharge device 3 provided. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is a waste supply device, 4 is an incombustible separation unit, 5 is a fluidized air blower, 6 is circulating sand,
7 is a cooling air hole, 8 is a gate, 9 is a flapper, and 10 is secondary air. The ash discharging device 3 is provided so as to be inclined more than the angle of repose of the ash, and the ash moves on the bottom surface of the ash discharging device 3 by its own weight and is discharged. The discharge amount of the ash is adjusted by opening and closing the gate 8 to set the opening width of the incombustible separating section 4 which opens like a slit. Incombustibles and sand are separated in the incombustibles separation section 4, and the sand is collected and circulated for use. The incombustibles and sand are cooled beforehand by the cooling air ejected from the cooling air holes 7 before reaching the incombustibles separating section 4, and are discharged to a temperature at which they are easy to handle. This lowered temperature is independent of the amount discharged and can be arbitrarily adjusted by adjusting the amount of cooling air.

Ashes such as sand and incombustibles discharged from the inclined bottom of the fluidized bed incinerator 1 reach an inclined ash discharging device 3 through a chute. The ash is cooled to a predetermined temperature by the cooling air ejected from the cooling air holes 7 in the ash discharging device 3 and reaches the incombustible separating section 4 which is opened in a slit shape. Are separated. By adjusting the opening width of the incombustible separating section 4 by moving the gate 8, the ash deposition position changes, and the ash moves and falls. The cooling air is used as secondary air 10 for combustion in the fluidized bed incinerator 1 to utilize waste heat.
The sand is reused as circulating sand 6. The flapper 9 seals so that cooling air does not escape to the sand discharge side.

In a conventional fluidized bed incinerator, when a long-sized object such as a pipe or a large incombustible material such as a tire wheel is mixed into a screw type discharging device for discharging ash, an inlet chute portion of the ash discharging device or It becomes jammed between the casing and the screw and cannot be discharged. Further, the wires are also entangled with the screw shaft and cannot be discharged. In addition, the sliding of the screw blade rotating at high speed and the sand of the fluidized bed causes abrasion of the metal screw and shortens its life. Further, since the ash is water-cooled, the waste heat cannot be effectively used. The ash discharge amount can be adjusted simply by moving the gate 8, and there is no moving part in contact with the ash containing high-temperature incombustibles or sand, so there is no clogging or wear, and the ash discharge device 3 has a longer life and maintenance costs. Will be cheaper. In addition, since only the noncombustible material separating section 4 is provided in the ash discharging device 3, the ash discharging device 3 is compact and maintenance is easy.
Further, since the high-temperature cooling air after cooling the ash is used as the secondary air 10 for combustion in the fluidized bed incinerator 1, the thermal efficiency is improved.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a fluidized bed incinerator according to another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the fluidized bed incinerator according to the present embodiment is used for incineration of waste, etc.
Ash generated in the fluidized bed incinerator 1 is extracted from the side end of the furnace bottom and is extruded by an extruder 18 provided in the ash discharger 3.
The sand and incombustibles in the fluidized bed are separated while being discharged. In the figure, reference numeral 2 is a waste supply device, 4 is an incombustible separation unit, 5 is a fluidized air blower,
6 is circulating sand, 7 is a cooling air hole, 9 is a flapper, and 10 is secondary air. The extruder 18 is of a pusher type, and can move ash without sticking or clogging of long objects and large incombustibles in the ash. After the ash is laterally moved by the extruder 18, the ash is directly contacted with the cooling air in the cooling section in which the cooling air hole 7 is provided at the bottom, so that the ash is efficiently cooled. The cooled ash moves to the incombustibles separation section 4 provided downstream thereof by the pushing force of the extruder 18, where the sand and the incombustibles in the fluidized bed are separated while moving. The sand separated from the ash is returned to the fluidized bed incinerator 1 and reused as circulating sand 6, and the cooling air heated to high temperature by heat exchange with the sand is used for combustion in the fluidized bed incinerator 1. It is used as the secondary air 10.

[0014] Waste is supplied to the fluidized bed incinerator 1 by a fixed amount by the supply device 2, and incombustibles and ash such as sand of the fluidized bed are discharged to the ash discharge device 3 from the inclined furnace bottom. The ash of these mixtures is moved by a predetermined amount by the extruder 18 and cooled to a predetermined temperature by the cooling air ejected from the cooling air holes 7, and sand and incombustibles are separated in the incombustible material separation section 4. It is reused as circulating sand 6. The cooling air is sealed from the incombustible line by the flapper 9, sent to the fluidized bed incinerator 1 as secondary air 10, and used as a part of the secondary air for combustion.

In a conventional fluidized bed incinerator, when a long object such as a pipe or a large incombustible material such as a tire wheel is mixed into a screw type discharging device for discharging ash, an inlet chute portion of the ash discharging device or It becomes jammed between the casing and the screw and cannot be discharged. Further, the wires are also entangled with the screw shaft and cannot be discharged. In addition, the sliding of the screw blade rotating at high speed and the sand of the fluidized bed causes abrasion of the metal screw and shortens its life. Further, since the ash is water-cooled, waste heat cannot be effectively used. However, in this fluidized bed incinerator, a reciprocating extruder 18 and a cooling air hole 7 for performing air cooling are incorporated in the ash discharger 3. As a result, even if a long object or a large incombustible substance is mixed, the substance is discharged without entanglement or clogging, and the incombustible substance is separated from sand, so that the ash discharging device 3 becomes compact. Further, since there is no portion that rotates at a high speed, the life of the ash discharging device 3 is extended.

[0014]

The incinerator according to the present invention is configured as described above, and the cooling air which has been cooled to a high temperature by cooling the ash is used as secondary air for combustion in the incinerator. The thermal efficiency is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a fluidized bed incinerator according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a fluidized bed incinerator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a conventional fluidized bed incinerator.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 fluidized bed incinerator 2 waste supply device 3 ash discharge device 4 incombustible separation unit 5 fluidized air blower 6 circulating sand 7 cooling air hole 8 gate 9 flapper 10 secondary air 18 extrusion device

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Tsubata 12 Nishikicho, Naka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Yokohama Works, Ltd. 56) References JP-A-5-280876 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F27B 15/09 F23G 5/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] An ash discharging device for discharging cooling air while discharging ash while cooling the ash, and means for sending cooling air after cooling the ash in the ash discharging device to the furnace as secondary air for combustion. And an incinerator comprising: 2. An incinerator according to claim 1, wherein an extruder for extruding and discharging ash is provided in said ash discharging device.