JPH07248104A - Incinerator for solid waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide an incinerator for solid waste, wherein the efficiency of incineration is good and the discharge of an unburnt part of the solid waste is less. CONSTITUTION:An incinerator is formed of two steps of grate furnaces 1A, 1B and a shaft furnace 22 which is provided in array subsequently to the grate furnaces. Each of the grate furnaces 1A, 1B has grates wherein a moving grate and a stationary grate are alternately arranged, and vent means. The shaft furnace 22 located subsequently to the grate furnaces has vent means 23, and ash push-out plate 25 and a damper 26 for discharging burnt ashes while shutting off communication between the inside and the outside of the shaft furnace.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for solid waste such as industrial waste and municipal waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When industrial waste and municipal waste are incinerated, a few percent of unburned matter usually remains as a residue outside the incinerated ash, but these residues are rapidly increasing as the amount of waste increases. ,
An incinerator with high combustion efficiency is earnestly desired. FIG. 3 shows an outline of a general solid waste incineration system.
Explaining this incineration system, the garbage a transported by the truck 13 or the like is once stored in the garbage pit 8 and then put into the hopper 9 by the garbage crane 11 and is put into the incinerator via the feeder 10 in an appropriate amount. Supplied.

FIG. 3 shows a conventional incinerator in which the great furnaces 1a, 1b, 1c are arranged in three stages, and the ventilation device 3a, for the dust a supplied and accumulated on the greats 2a, 2b, 2c. Air is supplied from 3b and 3c, respectively, whereby the dust a is incinerated. At this time, the dust a on each grate is automatically extruded (details of the structure are omitted) and incinerated while flowing from the front stage side to the rear stage side.

Thus, the combustion gas c generated during incineration passes through the flue 7a from the furnace outlet 7 and is guided to the air preheater 14 where it is heat-exchanged with air as described later, and thereafter, a harmful gas removing device and an electrostatic precipitator are used. (Not shown), etc.
In addition, incineration ash b emitted from each great furnace 1a, 1b, 1c
The unburned component and the unburned component are directly collected from the ash discharge port to the ash extrusion device 17, then stored in the ash pit 18, and then appropriately discharged and treated to the outside.

The combustion air supplied by the blower 6 has a part thereof in order to improve the combustion efficiency.
After being led to 4 and heated to an appropriate temperature, they are supplied from the respective ventilation devices 3a, 3b, 3c through the ventilation path 5. In the above description, oxygen is supplied from the aeration devices 3a, 3b, 3c in addition to air and oxygen and water vapor appropriately added thereto.

[0006]

As described above, in the conventional combustion furnace, the dust a supplied by the feeder 10 is combusted in a state of being deposited on each of the grate 2a, 2b, 2c, and is burned from the front stage side to the rear stage side. Flowing to the side. Therefore, the layer thickness of the dust a on each of the greats 2a, 2b, 2c is equal to
The thing that was thick above has become considerably thin on the last stage Great 2c due to incineration.

On the other hand, the air supplied from each of the ventilation devices 3a, 3b, 3c flows into the layer of the dust a from the plurality of ventilation holes of each grate, and flows upward while dispersing in the layer. The thicker the layer, the better the air distribution throughout the layer, and the better the dispersion, the better the dust burns on average.

However, in the conventional furnace, the last stage grate 2c
Since the upper dust layer thickness inevitably becomes thinner with combustion, the supplied air does not disperse well in the dust layer and blows upward from a part, which causes uneven combustion of dust. As a result, there is a drawback that a large amount of unburned matter is generated. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator for solid waste, which has good combustion efficiency and small discharge of unburned components.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a plurality of grate furnaces equipped with a grate in which a moving grate and a fixed grate are alternately arranged, and a ventilation device,
And a solid waste incinerator having a shaft furnace disposed after the great furnace and having a ventilation device, an ash extruding plate, and a damper that cuts off communication between the inside and outside of the furnace and discharges incinerated ash. I will provide a.

There is no particular limitation on the ventilator used in the incinerator according to the present invention, and it may supply oxygen as well as oxygen and steam appropriately added thereto, as in the ventilator in the conventional incinerator. .

Further, the damper employed in the incinerator according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of opening / closing doors and alternately opened and closed to allow the incineration ash to pass therethrough and to be discharged.
It is also possible to adopt a structure that shuts off the entry.

[0012]

Since the solid waste incinerator according to the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, the solid waste such as dust sent one after another into the incinerator through the feeder or the like is first arranged in the preceding stage. While being incinerated in a state of being deposited on the grate of the plurality of grate furnaces having a predetermined layer thickness, it is sequentially sent out to the downstream by the moving grate. In this way, the unburned dust left on the last grate of the former stage grate furnace is then fed into the shaft furnace arranged in the latter stage.

In the shaft furnace, the unburned components are incinerated by the air sent from the ventilation device, the incinerated ash is pushed out of the furnace by the ash push plate, and then the damper is used to block the communication between the inside and outside of the furnace.ゝ Discharged outside the shaft furnace. Thus, in the incinerator according to the present invention, the solid waste can be efficiently incinerated by connecting the great furnace and the shaft furnace with a small amount of unburned components discharged.

[0014]

EXAMPLES The incinerator according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the illustrated examples. FIG. 1 shows the main configuration of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention. The overall structure of the incineration system is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 and is not shown here.

As shown in FIG. 1, the incinerator of this embodiment has a structure in which two stages of great furnaces 1A and 1B are connected to the front side and a shaft furnace 22 is connected to the rear side. Great furnaces 1A and 1B are provided with greats 2A and 2B, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2 in detail, a plurality of moving grate 2'and fixed grate 2 "are alternately arranged in each grate, and the moving grate 2'is attached to the wheels 20 on the pedestal 19. By driving the supported drive base 18, the reciprocating movement in the direction of the arrow moves the dust a accumulated on the grate to the downstream side (direction of the arrow), and the next great furnace or shaft furnace moves through the slide 21. It is designed to be sent to.

Although not shown here, a ventilator (3a, 3b ... Shown in FIG. 3) is provided in each of the great furnaces 1A, 1B.
(Similar to ...) is provided, and the movement great 2 '
Air is supplied into the layer of the dust a through a vent provided between the fixed grate 2 '' and the fixed grate 2 ''.

On the other hand, the shaft furnace 22 is installed by being connected to the final stage great furnace 1B, and a ventilation port 23 communicating with another ventilation device (not shown), unburned dust and combustion ash falling in the shaft furnace 22. A shield plate 24 for shielding air to help blow air, an ash extruding plate 25 for extruding combustion ash and the like remaining on the furnace bottom, and a plurality of open / close doors are alternately opened and closed to pass incinerated ash. A damper 26 and the like for discharging and blocking the inflow and outflow of gas inside and outside the furnace are provided.

The operation of the incinerator of this embodiment will be described below. The dust a thrown into the hopper 9 is fed to the feeder 10
It is sent into the furnace one after another via the
After being deposited at a predetermined layer height on the Great 2A, it is separately ignited by an igniter, and the ventilation devices 3a, 3b ...
More air is supplied and combustion begins.

At the same time, the moving grate 2'is driven so that the dust a on the grate 2A moves to the downstream side while burning.
It is sent to the next-stage great furnace 1B and deposited on the great 2B, and likewise burns while flowing to the downstream side, and unburned components are sent into the shaft furnace 22 at the latter stage. The vent 2 is provided for the unburned dust thus accumulated in the shaft furnace 22.
Air is supplied from 3 and incineration is performed.

The combustion gas c generated during the burning of the dust is
As shown in FIG. 3, it is guided to the air preheater 14 through the furnace outlet 7, is heat-exchanged, and is used for preheating the supply air for increasing the combustion efficiency, and also in each of the great furnaces 1A and 1B and the shaft furnace. As shown in FIG. 3, the combustion ash b generated in 22 is collected together with the unburned dust through the ash discharge conveyor 16 or directly in the ash extrusion device 17, is stored in the ash pit 18, and is appropriately stored. It is discharged and processed outside.

In such a combustion process, the layer thickness of dust in the pre-stage furnace (Great furnace) is relatively large not only on the first Great 2A but also on the second Great 2B, so that the dispersion of the supply air in the layer is Good, and therefore the combustion is efficient and average, and in the shaft furnace 22 the combustion is also efficient and average in combination with the good air supply due to the action of the shielding plate 24 and the damper 26. As a result, the generation of unburned dust is greatly reduced.

The present invention has been specifically described above based on the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and the shape and structure thereof are within the scope of the present invention shown in the claims. It goes without saying that various changes may be added to the. For example, in the above embodiment, the two-stage great furnaces 1A, 1
Although B is adopted, it may be composed of three or more stages of great furnaces.

[0024]

As described in detail above, according to the incinerator of the present invention, the solid waste sent into the incinerator is first placed on the grate of the plurality of great furnaces arranged in the preceding stage. Efficiently and averagely incinerated as deposited,
Then, the unburned dust remaining after that is sent into the shaft furnace arranged in the latter stage and efficiently incinerated in the same furnace, resulting in a very small amount of unburned dust after incineration. There is an effect that.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of essential parts of the grate in the incinerator shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an equipment layout diagram showing a general solid waste incineration system to which the incinerator according to the present invention is applied.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A, 1B Great furnace 2A, 2B Great 2'Movement great 2 '' Fixed great 9 Hopper 10 Feeder 22 Shaft furnace 23 Vent hole 24 Shield plate 25 Ash extruded plate 26 Damper

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of grate furnaces having a grate and a ventilation device in which a moving grate and a fixed grate are alternately arranged, and a plurality of grate furnaces disposed after the grate furnace, the ventilation device, the ash extrusion plate, and the inside and outside of the furnace. A solid waste incinerator characterized by having a shaft furnace equipped with a damper that cuts off communication and discharges incineration ash.