JP3309507B2 - Cutting tools made of surface-coated cubic boron nitride-based ceramics with a hard coating layer with excellent adhesion - Google Patents
Cutting tools made of surface-coated cubic boron nitride-based ceramics with a hard coating layer with excellent adhesionInfo
- Publication number
- JP3309507B2 JP3309507B2 JP18748493A JP18748493A JP3309507B2 JP 3309507 B2 JP3309507 B2 JP 3309507B2 JP 18748493 A JP18748493 A JP 18748493A JP 18748493 A JP18748493 A JP 18748493A JP 3309507 B2 JP3309507 B2 JP 3309507B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coating layer
- hard coating
- boron nitride
- cubic boron
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/53—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete
- C04B41/5315—Cleaning compositions, e.g. for removing hardened cement from ceramic tiles
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、硬質被覆層の立方晶
窒化ほう素（以下、ｃＢＮで示す）基セラミックス基体
に対する密着性にすぐれた表面被覆ｃＢＮ基セラミック
ス製切削工具に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool having excellent adhesion to a cubic boron nitride (hereinafter referred to as cBN) -based ceramic substrate having a hard coating layer.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、例えば特開昭５９−８６７９号公
報や特開平１−９６０８３号公報などに記載されるよう
に、ＴｉＣやＴｉＮ、あるいはＴｉＣＮ、さらにＡｌ2
Ｏ3 やＷＣ，ＴｉＢ2 などで構成されたセラミックス結
合相が２０〜５０容量％を占め、残りが実質的にｃＢＮ
分散相からなる組成を有するｃＢＮ基セラミックス基体
の表面に、物理蒸着法や化学蒸着法を用い、Ｔｉの炭化
物、窒化物、炭窒化物、炭酸化物、および炭窒酸化物、
並びに酸化アルミニウム（以下、それぞれＴｉＣ，Ｔｉ
Ｎ，ＴｉＣＮ，ＴｉＣＯ，ＴｉＣＮＯ、およびＡｌ2 Ｏ
3 で示す）のうちの１種の単層または２種以上の複層か
らなる硬質被覆層を５〜２０μｍの平均層厚で形成して
なる表面被覆ｃＢＮ基セラミックス製切削工具が知られ
ており、これが、例えば高硬度焼入鋼や鋳鉄などの切削
加工に用いられていることも知られている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as described in, for example, JP-A-59-8679 and JP-A-1-96083, TiC, TiN, or TiCN, and Al 2
A ceramic binder phase composed of O 3 , WC, TiB 2 or the like accounts for 20 to 50% by volume, and the remainder is substantially cBN.
On the surface of a cBN-based ceramic substrate having a composition composed of a dispersed phase, by using a physical vapor deposition method or a chemical vapor deposition method, Ti carbide, nitride, carbonitride, carbonate, and carbonitride,
And aluminum oxide (hereinafter TiC, Ti
N, TiCN, TiCO, TiCNO, and Al 2 O
3 ) is a surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool in which a hard coating layer consisting of one single layer or two or more layers is formed with an average layer thickness of 5 to 20 μm. It is also known that this is used for cutting hardened steel or cast iron, for example.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】一方、近年の切削加工
は省力化の面から高速化の傾向にあるが、上記の従来表
面被覆ｃＢＮ基セラミックス製切削工具を用いて、例え
ば高硬度焼入鋼を切削加工する場合、通常切削速度が２
００ｍ／min.程度までの切削速度では問題はないが、こ
れを越えて４００ｍ／min.程度まで高速になると、硬質
被覆層に剥離が発生し易くなり、これが原因で比較的短
時間で使用寿命に至るのが現状である。On the other hand, cutting in recent years has tended to be accelerated in terms of labor saving, but using the above-mentioned conventional surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool, for example, a hardened hardened steel When cutting, the cutting speed is usually 2
Although there is no problem with a cutting speed of up to about 00 m / min., When the cutting speed is increased up to about 400 m / min., The hard coating layer is liable to peel off, which causes a relatively short service life. At present.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで、本発明者等は、
上述のような観点から、上記の従来表面被覆ｃＢＮ基セ
ラミックス製切削工具に着目し、これを構成する硬質被
覆層の基体表面に対する密着性向上をはかるべく研究を
行なった結果、基体表面に対するイオンエッチング処理
で、ｃＢＮ分散相をそのまま残留させ、セラミックス結
合相だけを除去することができることを見出し、したが
って基体表面を、最表面から所定深さに亘ってセラミッ
クス結合相だけを除去した状態、すなわち残留したｃＢ
Ｎ分散相によって粗面化した状態とすることができ、こ
の状態の基体表面に、物理蒸着法あるいは化学蒸着法を
用い、通常の条件で硬質被覆層を形成すると、前記硬質
被覆層は前記基体表面に対してきわめて強固に密着する
ようになることから、この結果の表面被覆ｃＢＮ基セラ
ミックス製切削工具は、例えばこれを高硬度焼入鋼の切
削速度が４００ｍ／min.程度の高速切削に用いた場合に
も前記硬質被覆層に剥離の発生なく、長期に亘ってすぐ
れた切削性能を発揮するという研究結果を得たのであ
る。Means for Solving the Problems Accordingly, the present inventors have
From the above-mentioned viewpoint, the above-mentioned conventional surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool was focused on, and as a result of researching to improve the adhesion of the hard coating layer constituting the cutting tool to the substrate surface, ion etching was performed on the substrate surface. In the treatment, the cBN dispersed phase was left as it was, and it was found that only the ceramic binder phase could be removed. Therefore, the substrate surface was removed from the outermost surface over a predetermined depth from the outermost surface, that is, the ceramic binder phase was removed. cB
When a hard coating layer is formed on the surface of the substrate in this state using a physical vapor deposition method or a chemical vapor deposition method under normal conditions, the hard coating layer The resulting surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool is used for high-speed cutting of, for example, a hardened steel with a cutting speed of about 400 m / min. In this case, there was obtained a research result that the hard coating layer exhibited excellent cutting performance over a long period of time without peeling.
【０００５】この発明は、上記の研究結果にもとづいて
なされたものであって、２０〜５０容量％のセラミック
ス結合相と、残部のｃＢＮ分散相からなる組成を有し、
かつイオンエッチング処理で上記セラミックス結合相が
最表面から０．５〜５μｍの深さに亘って除去され、残
留したｃＢＮ分散相によって粗面化された基体の表面
に、ＴｉＣ，ＴｉＮ，ＴｉＣＮ，ＴｉＣＯ，ＴｉＣＮ
Ｏ、およびＡｌ2 Ｏ3 のうちの１種の単層または２種以
上の複層からなる硬質被覆層を５〜２０μｍの平均層厚
で蒸着形成してなる、硬質被覆層がすぐれた密着性を有
する表面被覆ｃＢＮ基セラミックス製切削工具に特徴を
有するものである。The present invention has been made based on the above research results, and has a composition comprising 20 to 50% by volume of a ceramic binder phase and the balance of a cBN dispersed phase,
In addition, the ceramic bonding phase is removed from the outermost surface over a depth of 0.5 to 5 μm by ion etching, and TiC, TiN, TiCN, TiCO are added to the surface of the substrate roughened by the remaining cBN dispersed phase. , TiCN
Excellent adhesion with a hard coating layer formed by vapor-depositing a hard coating layer comprising a single layer of O and Al 2 O 3 or a multilayer of two or more layers with an average layer thickness of 5 to 20 μm. This is characterized by a surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool having the following characteristics.
【０００６】なお、この発明の切削工具において、これ
を構成する基体のセラミックス結合相の含有量を２０〜
５０容量％と限定したのは、その含有量が２０容量％未
満では所望の強度を確保することができず、一方その含
有量が５０容量％を越えると、基体の耐摩耗性が低下す
るようになるばかりでなく、ｃＢＮ分散相の割合が相対
的に少なくなりすぎて、イオンエッチング処理後の面粗
さのピッチが大きくなりすぎ、これに形成される硬質被
覆層に所望のすぐれた密着性を確保することができなく
なるという理由によるものであり、またセラミックス結
合相の除去深さを０．５〜５μｍとしたのは、その深さ
が０．５μｍ未満では、硬質被覆層に所望のすぐれた密
着性を確保することができず、一方その深さが５μｍを
越えると、基体表面が粗面となりすぎ、この粗面はこれ
に形成される硬質被覆層の平滑性を損ない、切刃に欠損
やチッピングが発生する原因になるという理由によるも
のであり、さらにこれの除去深さに関連して、原料粉末
として使用されるｃＢＮは、その粒度が平均粒径で０．
５〜３μｍであるのが望ましい。また、この発明の切削
工具において、これを構成する硬質被覆層の平均層厚を
５〜２０μｍと限定したのは、その平均層厚が５μｍ未
満では所望のすぐれた耐摩耗性を長期に亘って保持する
ことができず、一方その平均層厚が２０μｍを越える
と、切刃に欠損やチッピング（微小欠け）が発生し易く
なるという理由にもとづくものである。[0006] In the cutting tool of the present invention, the content of the ceramic binder phase of the substrate constituting the cutting tool is set to 20 to
The reason why the content is limited to 50% by volume is that if the content is less than 20% by volume, the desired strength cannot be ensured, while if the content exceeds 50% by volume, the wear resistance of the substrate is reduced. In addition, the ratio of the cBN dispersed phase becomes relatively small, and the pitch of the surface roughness after the ion etching treatment becomes too large, and the desired excellent adhesion to the hard coating layer formed thereon is obtained. The removal depth of the ceramics binder phase is set to 0.5 to 5 μm when the depth is less than 0.5 μm. When the depth exceeds 5 μm, the surface of the substrate becomes too rough, and this rough surface impairs the smoothness of the hard coating layer formed on the substrate, and the cutting edge becomes too rough. Loss and chipping occur That is due to reasons that cause, further in conjunction with removal depth of this, cBN used as raw material powder, 0 the granularity in average particle size.
It is desirable that it is 5 to 3 μm. In the cutting tool of the present invention, the average thickness of the hard coating layer constituting the cutting tool is limited to 5 to 20 μm. This is based on the reason that, when the average thickness exceeds 20 μm, the cutting edge is likely to be chipped or chipped (minute chipping).
【０００７】[0007]
【実施例】つぎに、この発明の切削工具を実施例により
具体的に説明する。基体として、それぞれ表１に示され
る組成を有し、かつＴＰＧＡ３２２のスローアウェイチ
ップ形状をもったｃＢＮ基セラミックス基体を用意し、
これに通常のイオンシンニング装置を用い、通常の条件
でイオンエッチング処理を施して、同じく表１に示され
る深さでセラミックス結合相を除去した後、物理蒸着装
置を用い、通常の条件で同じく表１に示される組成およ
び平均層厚の硬質被覆層を形成することにより本発明表
面被覆ｃＢＮ基セラミックス製切削工具（以下、本発明
被覆切削工具という）１〜６をそれぞれ製造した。ま
た、比較の目的で、上記基体表面に対するイオンエッチ
ング処理を行なわない以外は同一の条件で従来表面被覆
ｃＢＮ基セラミックス製切削工具（以下、従来被覆切削
工具という）１〜６をそれぞれ製造した。Next, the cutting tool of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. As a substrate, a cBN-based ceramic substrate having a composition shown in Table 1 and having a throw-away chip shape of TPGA322 was prepared.
This was subjected to ion etching under a normal condition using a normal ion thinning device to remove the ceramic binder phase at the depth shown in Table 1, and then to a physical vapor deposition device under the same conditions under a normal condition. By forming a hard coating layer having the composition and the average layer thickness shown in No. 1, cutting tools made of surface-coated cBN-based ceramics of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as coated cutting tools of the present invention) 1 to 6 were produced, respectively. For the purpose of comparison, cutting tools made of conventional surface-coated cBN-based ceramics (hereinafter referred to as conventional coated cutting tools) 1 to 6 were manufactured under the same conditions except that the above-mentioned substrate surface was not subjected to the ion etching treatment.
【０００８】ついで、この結果得られた各種の被覆切削
工具について、 被削材：ＳＣＭ４１５（硬さ：ＨR Ｃ６５）の丸棒、 切削速度：４００ｍ／min.、 切込み：０．２mm、 送り：０．１mm／rev.、 切削時間：３０分、 の条件で高硬度焼入鋼の乾式連続高速切削試験を行な
い、切刃の逃げ面摩耗幅を測定した。これらの測定結果
を表２に示した。[0008] Next, the results obtained various coated cutting tool, work material: SCM415 (hardness: H R C65) round bar, Cutting speed:. 400 meters / min, cut: 0.2 mm, Feed: Under a condition of 0.1 mm / rev., Cutting time: 30 minutes, a dry continuous high-speed cutting test of hardened steel was performed, and the flank wear width of the cutting edge was measured. Table 2 shows the results of these measurements.
【０００９】[0009]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１０】[0010]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１１】[0011]
【発明の効果】表１，２に示される結果から、本発明被
覆切削工具１〜６は、いずれも硬質被覆層の基体表面に
対する密着性にすぐれているので、高硬度焼入鋼の高速
切削でも硬質被覆層に剥離の発生なく、すぐれた耐摩耗
性を示すのに対して、従来被覆切削工具１〜６は、いず
れも硬質被覆層の基体表面に対する密着性が不十分であ
るために、切削加工開始後比較的短時間で硬質被覆層に
剥離が発生し、これが原因で使用寿命に至ることが明ら
かである。上述のように、この発明の表面被覆ｃＢＮ基
セラミックス製切削工具は、通常の切削速度（例えば高
硬度焼入鋼の場合は２００ｍ／min.、鋳鉄の場合は４０
０ｍ／min.）では勿論のこと、上記のように高速切削
（例えば鋳鉄の場合は６００ｍ／min.程度）でも硬質被
覆層に剥離の発生なく、すぐれた切削性能を長期に亘っ
て発揮し、切削加工の高速化に十分対応することができ
るものである。From the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, all of the coated cutting tools 1 to 6 of the present invention have excellent adhesion of the hard coating layer to the substrate surface. However, while the hard coating layer shows excellent wear resistance without occurrence of peeling, conventional coated cutting tools 1 to 6 have insufficient adhesion of the hard coating layer to the substrate surface, It is clear that peeling occurs in the hard coating layer in a relatively short time after the start of the cutting process, which leads to a long service life. As described above, the surface-coated cBN-based ceramic cutting tool of the present invention has a normal cutting speed (for example, 200 m / min. For hardened steel and 40 mm for cast iron).
0m / min.), As well as high-speed cutting (for example, about 600m / min. In the case of cast iron) as described above, the hard coating layer does not peel and exhibits excellent cutting performance over a long period of time. It can sufficiently cope with high-speed cutting.
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 昭62−142769（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平４−283005（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−146663（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 昭61−183187（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C23C 14/00 - 14/58 B23P 15/28 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-62-142769 (JP, A) JP-A-4-283005 (JP, A) JP-A-3-1466663 (JP, A) JP-A-61-127 183187 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) C23C 14/00-14/58 B23P 15/28
Claims (1)
と、残部の立方晶窒化ほう素分散相からなる組成を有
し、かつイオンエッチング処理で上記セラミックス結合
相が最表面から０．５〜５μｍの深さに亘って除去さ
れ、残留した立方晶窒化ほう素分散相によって粗面化さ
れた基体の表面に、Ｔｉの炭化物、窒化物、炭窒化物、
炭酸化物、および炭窒酸化物、並びに酸化アルミニウム
のうちの１種の単層または２種以上の複層からなる硬質
被覆層を５〜２０μｍの平均層厚で蒸着形成してなる硬
質被覆層がすぐれた密着性を有する表面被覆立方晶窒化
ほう素基セラミックス製切削工具。1. A composition comprising a ceramic binder phase of 20 to 50% by volume and a cubic boron nitride dispersed phase as a balance, and the ceramic binder phase is 0.5 to 5 μm from the outermost surface by ion etching. On the surface of the substrate roughened by the residual cubic boron nitride dispersed phase removed over the depth of Ti carbides, nitrides, carbonitrides,
A hard coating layer formed by vapor-depositing a hard coating layer composed of a single layer or two or more of carbon oxide, carbonitride oxide, and aluminum oxide at an average layer thickness of 5 to 20 μm. Cutting tools made of surface-coated cubic boron nitride-based ceramics with excellent adhesion.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18748493A JP3309507B2 (en) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Cutting tools made of surface-coated cubic boron nitride-based ceramics with a hard coating layer with excellent adhesion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18748493A JP3309507B2 (en) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Cutting tools made of surface-coated cubic boron nitride-based ceramics with a hard coating layer with excellent adhesion |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0718415A JPH0718415A (en) | 1995-01-20 |
| JP3309507B2 true JP3309507B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
Family
ID=16206880
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18748493A Expired - Lifetime JP3309507B2 (en) | 1993-06-30 | 1993-06-30 | Cutting tools made of surface-coated cubic boron nitride-based ceramics with a hard coating layer with excellent adhesion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3309507B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5882777A (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1999-03-16 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Super hard composite material for tools |
| US5976716A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1999-11-02 | Kennametal Inc. | Substrate with a superhard coating containing boron and nitrogen and method of making the same |
| US5948541A (en) * | 1996-04-04 | 1999-09-07 | Kennametal Inc. | Boron and nitrogen containing coating and method for making |
| SE519108C2 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2003-01-14 | Sandvik Ab | Coated cutting tool for machining gray cast iron |
| US6593015B1 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2003-07-15 | Kennametal Pc Inc. | Tool with a hard coating containing an aluminum-nitrogen compound and a boron-nitrogen compound and method of making the same |
| CA2327092C (en) | 1999-12-03 | 2004-04-20 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Coated pcbn cutting tools |
| JP3637882B2 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2005-04-13 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Surface coated boron nitride sintered body tool |
| JP3637883B2 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2005-04-13 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Surface coated boron nitride sintered body tool |
| US6881475B2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2005-04-19 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd | Amorphous carbon coated tool and fabrication method thereof |
| US6962751B2 (en) | 2001-06-13 | 2005-11-08 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Amorphous carbon coated tools and method of producing the same |
| JP5125646B2 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2013-01-23 | 株式会社タンガロイ | Cubic boron nitride sintered tool |
| JP5663807B2 (en) * | 2010-10-29 | 2015-02-04 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | Cubic boron nitride sintered tool |
| KR101456395B1 (en) | 2012-04-03 | 2014-10-31 | 스미또모 덴꼬오 하드메탈 가부시끼가이샤 | Cubic boron nitride sintered body tool |
| JP5879664B2 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-03-08 | 住友電工ハードメタル株式会社 | Cutting tools |
| JP6343161B2 (en) * | 2014-03-28 | 2018-06-13 | 山陽特殊製鋼株式会社 | Centrifugal spray powder manufacturing disc |
| CN109455680A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-03-12 | 郑州中南杰特超硬材料有限公司 | A kind of cubic boron nitride surface roughening treatment method |
| WO2023117172A1 (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | Walter Ag | Coated cutting tool |
-
1993
- 1993-06-30 JP JP18748493A patent/JP3309507B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0718415A (en) | 1995-01-20 |
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